Pub Date : 2013-07-21DOI: 10.1109/PESMG.2013.6672198
A. Moser, N. Rotering, W. Wellssow, Helge Plunkte
According to the German federal government's energy concept renewable energies are to supply 80 % of the gross electricity consumption till 2050. The study “Energiespeicher für die Energiewende”, provided by the Association for Electrical, Electronic and Information Technology (VDE), is focused on the question which storage demand is needed to achieve this goal and what effect the storage plants and their operation will have on the German transmission network.
根据德国联邦政府的能源概念，到2050年，可再生能源将占总用电量的80%。由电气、电子和信息技术协会(VDE)提供的研究“Energiespeicher fr die Energiewende”的重点是实现这一目标需要哪些存储需求，以及存储工厂及其运营将对德国输电网络产生什么影响。
{"title":"Demand for energy storage and grid developement in Germany with increased renewable generation according to the federal government's energy concept","authors":"A. Moser, N. Rotering, W. Wellssow, Helge Plunkte","doi":"10.1109/PESMG.2013.6672198","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PESMG.2013.6672198","url":null,"abstract":"According to the German federal government's energy concept renewable energies are to supply 80 % of the gross electricity consumption till 2050. The study “Energiespeicher für die Energiewende”, provided by the Association for Electrical, Electronic and Information Technology (VDE), is focused on the question which storage demand is needed to achieve this goal and what effect the storage plants and their operation will have on the German transmission network.","PeriodicalId":433870,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Power & Energy Society General Meeting","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126837383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-07-21DOI: 10.1109/PESMG.2013.6672525
M. Yousof, C. Ekanayake, T. Saha
This paper proposes a methodology to interpret frequency response measurements of a deformed transformer winding due to conductors tilt. To achieve that, geometrical parameters of a three phase prototype transformer is used to simulate the frequency response of one of the windings using the multi-conductor transmission line model. To simulate the response, inter-turn, inter-disc and inter-winding capacitances of the winding based on normal and deformed conditions are computed using finite element method. Using the computed values, the frequency response for both normal and deformed conditions are simulated. The simulated responses are studied by subdividing into four frequency regions and compared using the correlation coefficient. For further analysis, the vector fitting algorithm was implemented to approximate the transfer function of each response. All transfer functions are then represented in the Nyquist diagram to analyse the shape of each plot. From the Nyquist diagram, it was observed that the real minimum of each plot increases as the winding deformation increases. This finding can be used to estimate the winding deformation severity based on the plotted attributes.
{"title":"Study of transformer winding deformation by frequency response analysis","authors":"M. Yousof, C. Ekanayake, T. Saha","doi":"10.1109/PESMG.2013.6672525","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PESMG.2013.6672525","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes a methodology to interpret frequency response measurements of a deformed transformer winding due to conductors tilt. To achieve that, geometrical parameters of a three phase prototype transformer is used to simulate the frequency response of one of the windings using the multi-conductor transmission line model. To simulate the response, inter-turn, inter-disc and inter-winding capacitances of the winding based on normal and deformed conditions are computed using finite element method. Using the computed values, the frequency response for both normal and deformed conditions are simulated. The simulated responses are studied by subdividing into four frequency regions and compared using the correlation coefficient. For further analysis, the vector fitting algorithm was implemented to approximate the transfer function of each response. All transfer functions are then represented in the Nyquist diagram to analyse the shape of each plot. From the Nyquist diagram, it was observed that the real minimum of each plot increases as the winding deformation increases. This finding can be used to estimate the winding deformation severity based on the plotted attributes.","PeriodicalId":433870,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Power & Energy Society General Meeting","volume":"58 1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116518694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-07-21DOI: 10.1109/PESMG.2013.6672272
S. Engelhardt, J. Kretschmann, J. Fortmann, F. Shewarega, I. Erlich, T. Neumann
Modern wind turbine systems based on doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG) technology offer negative sequence control capability during grid faults or unsymmetrical system operation. This paper deals especially with the effects of current and voltage limitation of a typically rated converter system design based on positive sequence control requirements. At first a short summary of the most common alternative negative sequence control objectives is given. Then the corresponding rotor side converter (RSC) control algorithms are described. This is followed by typical characteristics of current capabilities as well as voltage constraints. Finally detailed calculations regarding control possibilities and limitations in the positive and negative sequence are shown.
{"title":"Capability and limitations of DFIG based wind turbines concerning negative sequence control","authors":"S. Engelhardt, J. Kretschmann, J. Fortmann, F. Shewarega, I. Erlich, T. Neumann","doi":"10.1109/PESMG.2013.6672272","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PESMG.2013.6672272","url":null,"abstract":"Modern wind turbine systems based on doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG) technology offer negative sequence control capability during grid faults or unsymmetrical system operation. This paper deals especially with the effects of current and voltage limitation of a typically rated converter system design based on positive sequence control requirements. At first a short summary of the most common alternative negative sequence control objectives is given. Then the corresponding rotor side converter (RSC) control algorithms are described. This is followed by typical characteristics of current capabilities as well as voltage constraints. Finally detailed calculations regarding control possibilities and limitations in the positive and negative sequence are shown.","PeriodicalId":433870,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Power & Energy Society General Meeting","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122677366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-07-21DOI: 10.1109/PESMG.2013.6672685
S. Azad, R. Iravani, J. Tate
This paper introduces and evaluates a new method for the small-signal stability enhancement of large ac power systems based on segmentation through line-commutated HVDC links. The proposed method is based on the fact that the oscillatory modes of the system may vary by changing the system operating point. In this study, the system operating point is varied by rerouting the flow of power in the ac transmission lines. The flexibility of the HVDC lines in controlling the flow of power in a dc-segmented ac system is used to control the power transmission in the ac lines. An optimization problem is proposed to determine the optimum set-points of the HVDC lines to increase the damping ratio of the underdamped oscillatory modes. Simulation results show that at the optimum operating point, the low-frequency oscillatory modes are damped out significantly and the system net oscillation is less than that of the system at the operating point obtained from a standard economic dispatch. Simulation results also show that there is a trade-off between the generation cost and damping ratio and the proposed method effectively enhances the small-signal stability for a variety of system configurations.
{"title":"Damping low-frequency oscillations by tuning the operating point of a dc-segmented ac system","authors":"S. Azad, R. Iravani, J. Tate","doi":"10.1109/PESMG.2013.6672685","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PESMG.2013.6672685","url":null,"abstract":"This paper introduces and evaluates a new method for the small-signal stability enhancement of large ac power systems based on segmentation through line-commutated HVDC links. The proposed method is based on the fact that the oscillatory modes of the system may vary by changing the system operating point. In this study, the system operating point is varied by rerouting the flow of power in the ac transmission lines. The flexibility of the HVDC lines in controlling the flow of power in a dc-segmented ac system is used to control the power transmission in the ac lines. An optimization problem is proposed to determine the optimum set-points of the HVDC lines to increase the damping ratio of the underdamped oscillatory modes. Simulation results show that at the optimum operating point, the low-frequency oscillatory modes are damped out significantly and the system net oscillation is less than that of the system at the operating point obtained from a standard economic dispatch. Simulation results also show that there is a trade-off between the generation cost and damping ratio and the proposed method effectively enhances the small-signal stability for a variety of system configurations.","PeriodicalId":433870,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Power & Energy Society General Meeting","volume":"371 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122833837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-07-21DOI: 10.1109/PESMG.2013.6672851
M. Sarfati, M. Hesamzadeh
Transmission congestion is one of the main reasons of social welfare losses. Electricity demand cannot be supplied by low-cost generators because of congestions. After deregulation of the power industry, the number of market participants has increased and each market participant has open access to the transmission network. This new policy leads to a dramatic increase in transmission congestion. Thats why the transmission system operator needs a proper pricing scheme to alleviate the congestions in the transmission system. This paper reviews four pricing schemes; nodal pricing, zonal pricing with market splitting, zonal pricing with countertrading and regional pricing. All pricing schemes are mathematically formulated and IEEE twenty-four node reliability test system is used to illustrate the operation of the pricing schemes. A comparison of numerical results is done from both supplier's and consumer's point of view. Finally, the general advantages and drawbacks of each pricing approach is discussed.
{"title":"Pricing schemes for dealing with limited transmission capacity - A comparative study","authors":"M. Sarfati, M. Hesamzadeh","doi":"10.1109/PESMG.2013.6672851","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PESMG.2013.6672851","url":null,"abstract":"Transmission congestion is one of the main reasons of social welfare losses. Electricity demand cannot be supplied by low-cost generators because of congestions. After deregulation of the power industry, the number of market participants has increased and each market participant has open access to the transmission network. This new policy leads to a dramatic increase in transmission congestion. Thats why the transmission system operator needs a proper pricing scheme to alleviate the congestions in the transmission system. This paper reviews four pricing schemes; nodal pricing, zonal pricing with market splitting, zonal pricing with countertrading and regional pricing. All pricing schemes are mathematically formulated and IEEE twenty-four node reliability test system is used to illustrate the operation of the pricing schemes. A comparison of numerical results is done from both supplier's and consumer's point of view. Finally, the general advantages and drawbacks of each pricing approach is discussed.","PeriodicalId":433870,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Power & Energy Society General Meeting","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121966150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-07-21DOI: 10.1109/PESMG.2013.6672365
Sijie Chen, Qixin Chen, Q. Xia, C. Kang, Ming Jing, Q. Ma
Steady-state security operation is of particular concern to power systems. In order to ensure operation security, system operators have to operate the system with moderate security margins to accommodate various unpredicted uncertainties. In this paper, we apply “steady-state security distance” (SSD) to quantitatively assess the scale of system security margins. SSD is defined in steady-state security region (SSR) based on AC power flow model. Solution of SSD could be formulated as a time-consuming nonlinear optimization problem. A novel algorithm based on active boundary identifying technique is proposed to improve computation efficiency. The algorithm firstly solves SSD based on simplified DC power flow model and identifies active SSR boundaries. Secondly, complete SSD calculation based on AC power flow model is carried out towards only the active boundaries, with DC SSD information as initial estimations. An IEEE-30 bus case is employed to testify the efficiency and effectiveness of the algorithm.
{"title":"Active boundary identifying technique for steady-state security distance assessment","authors":"Sijie Chen, Qixin Chen, Q. Xia, C. Kang, Ming Jing, Q. Ma","doi":"10.1109/PESMG.2013.6672365","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PESMG.2013.6672365","url":null,"abstract":"Steady-state security operation is of particular concern to power systems. In order to ensure operation security, system operators have to operate the system with moderate security margins to accommodate various unpredicted uncertainties. In this paper, we apply “steady-state security distance” (SSD) to quantitatively assess the scale of system security margins. SSD is defined in steady-state security region (SSR) based on AC power flow model. Solution of SSD could be formulated as a time-consuming nonlinear optimization problem. A novel algorithm based on active boundary identifying technique is proposed to improve computation efficiency. The algorithm firstly solves SSD based on simplified DC power flow model and identifies active SSR boundaries. Secondly, complete SSD calculation based on AC power flow model is carried out towards only the active boundaries, with DC SSD information as initial estimations. An IEEE-30 bus case is employed to testify the efficiency and effectiveness of the algorithm.","PeriodicalId":433870,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Power & Energy Society General Meeting","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122020780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-07-21DOI: 10.1109/PESMG.2013.6672956
R. Benedito, L. Alberto, N. Bretas, J. London
This paper presents a new insight to design reliable metering systems for state estimation purposes based on the Undetectability Index (UI). Gross errors in measurements with high UI are very difficult to be detected by methods based on the analysis of the Weighted Least Squares (WLS) state estimator residuals. This paper explores the information provided by UI to design metering systems more reliable for gross errors processing. The idea is to obtain observable metering system, absent of both critical measurements and critical sets, formed by measurements with UI lower than a pre-specified value. This paper also presents the necessary theoretical concepts and a very simple algorithm to compute the UI of all available measurements in a metering system, as well as, the results of some computer simulations with IEEE-14 and 30 bus systems.
{"title":"Application of the undetectability index to design reliable metering systems for bad data processing","authors":"R. Benedito, L. Alberto, N. Bretas, J. London","doi":"10.1109/PESMG.2013.6672956","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PESMG.2013.6672956","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a new insight to design reliable metering systems for state estimation purposes based on the Undetectability Index (UI). Gross errors in measurements with high UI are very difficult to be detected by methods based on the analysis of the Weighted Least Squares (WLS) state estimator residuals. This paper explores the information provided by UI to design metering systems more reliable for gross errors processing. The idea is to obtain observable metering system, absent of both critical measurements and critical sets, formed by measurements with UI lower than a pre-specified value. This paper also presents the necessary theoretical concepts and a very simple algorithm to compute the UI of all available measurements in a metering system, as well as, the results of some computer simulations with IEEE-14 and 30 bus systems.","PeriodicalId":433870,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Power & Energy Society General Meeting","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117243084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-07-21DOI: 10.1109/PESMG.2013.6673038
S. Vanteddu, A. Mohamed, O. Mohammed
In this paper, a complete protection system for a DC distribution system was developed and presented. The developed protection scheme was designed to be implemented on the laboratory-based DC Distributed Power Systems Architecture (DPSA) testbed setup. This system consists of four AC generators in addition to a DC microgrid involving photovoltaic generation and battery storage. The total capacity of the DPSA is 72 kW. The developed protection scheme targets faults on the AC side as well as faults on the DC sides. Moreover, the coordination scheme between different types of faults was designed. The challenges associated with protecting DC systems such as arcing and system time constant were investigated. The results obtained verify the validity of the developed protection system.
{"title":"Protection design and coordination of DC Distributed Power Systems Architectures","authors":"S. Vanteddu, A. Mohamed, O. Mohammed","doi":"10.1109/PESMG.2013.6673038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PESMG.2013.6673038","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, a complete protection system for a DC distribution system was developed and presented. The developed protection scheme was designed to be implemented on the laboratory-based DC Distributed Power Systems Architecture (DPSA) testbed setup. This system consists of four AC generators in addition to a DC microgrid involving photovoltaic generation and battery storage. The total capacity of the DPSA is 72 kW. The developed protection scheme targets faults on the AC side as well as faults on the DC sides. Moreover, the coordination scheme between different types of faults was designed. The challenges associated with protecting DC systems such as arcing and system time constant were investigated. The results obtained verify the validity of the developed protection system.","PeriodicalId":433870,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Power & Energy Society General Meeting","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129929585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-07-21DOI: 10.1109/PESMG.2013.6672270
Siyu Lu, Yaowu Wu, Suhua Lou, Xianggen Yin
Developing a low-carbon power system is critical and fundamental to cope with the challenges of global warming, in which transmission network will play a key role. Conventional models for transmission network expansion planning (TNEP) are mainly concerned with the economic and security costs. In this paper, with CO2 emissions cost arising from transmission loss and wind/water spillage incorporated into the objective function, an optimization model for TNEP under low-carbon economy is proposed. An illustrative example based on the modified New England (NE) 39-bus system is analyzed to show that the model proposed is effective and practical.
{"title":"A model for power system transmission network expansion planning under low-carbon economy","authors":"Siyu Lu, Yaowu Wu, Suhua Lou, Xianggen Yin","doi":"10.1109/PESMG.2013.6672270","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PESMG.2013.6672270","url":null,"abstract":"Developing a low-carbon power system is critical and fundamental to cope with the challenges of global warming, in which transmission network will play a key role. Conventional models for transmission network expansion planning (TNEP) are mainly concerned with the economic and security costs. In this paper, with CO2 emissions cost arising from transmission loss and wind/water spillage incorporated into the objective function, an optimization model for TNEP under low-carbon economy is proposed. An illustrative example based on the modified New England (NE) 39-bus system is analyzed to show that the model proposed is effective and practical.","PeriodicalId":433870,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Power & Energy Society General Meeting","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128432087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this paper, a novel online parameter identification approach with two-level architecture is proposed. In this approach, identifiability analysis, parameter identification and parameter validation is developed and integrated in a two-level manner. Firstly, an identifiability index based on trajectory sensitivity is defined to select measurements scans that satisfy the condition of identifiability. Parameter identification is then done with the selected measurements scans, which has the ability to compress measurements error. These two functions are deployed at substations or plants to guarantee efficiency. A hybrid simulation based parameter validation method is also developed which is deployed in control center. With this two-level online parameter identification approach, parameters of models can be identified and verified automatically. Numerical tests from real application show that the proposed approach has good performance.
{"title":"A two-level online parameter identification approach","authors":"Runze Chen, Wenchuan Wu, Hongbin Sun, Boming Zhang","doi":"10.1109/PESMG.2013.6672162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PESMG.2013.6672162","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, a novel online parameter identification approach with two-level architecture is proposed. In this approach, identifiability analysis, parameter identification and parameter validation is developed and integrated in a two-level manner. Firstly, an identifiability index based on trajectory sensitivity is defined to select measurements scans that satisfy the condition of identifiability. Parameter identification is then done with the selected measurements scans, which has the ability to compress measurements error. These two functions are deployed at substations or plants to guarantee efficiency. A hybrid simulation based parameter validation method is also developed which is deployed in control center. With this two-level online parameter identification approach, parameters of models can be identified and verified automatically. Numerical tests from real application show that the proposed approach has good performance.","PeriodicalId":433870,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Power & Energy Society General Meeting","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128493613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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