This essay considers whether a democratic theory of the routine work of medical first responders could help inform the development of a more robust culture of sovereignty in modern liberal democracies. The goal of such a theory would be to make liberalism better able to foster human flourishing and more likely to endure as a political form. The essay draws on three main intuitions. First, the local structures of Emergency Medical Services (EMS), especially volunteer ambulance corps as institutions of community solidarity and mutual aid, can form the basis of an emancipatory biopolitics. EMS thereby offers a means to activate democratic self-governance more broadly. Second, medical first-responder protocols and practices have the potential to resonate
{"title":"Toward a Democratic Theory of Emergency Medical Services: Solidarity, Sovereignty, Temporality","authors":"M. S. Weiner","doi":"10.3817/0322198043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3817/0322198043","url":null,"abstract":"This essay considers whether a democratic theory of the routine work of medical first responders could help inform the development of a more robust culture of sovereignty in modern liberal democracies. The goal of such a theory would be to make liberalism better able to foster human flourishing and more likely to endure as a political form. The essay draws on three main intuitions. First, the local structures of Emergency Medical Services (EMS), especially volunteer ambulance corps as institutions of community solidarity and mutual aid, can form the basis of an emancipatory biopolitics. EMS thereby offers a means to activate democratic self-governance more broadly. Second, medical first-responder protocols and practices have the potential to resonate","PeriodicalId":43573,"journal":{"name":"Telos","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75229732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The development and success of the welfare state during the twentieth century coincides with the power of labor unions and their influence on the political process, both through the ballot box and by direct action in the form of strikes, boycotts, and protest marches. Already in the nineteenth century, however, and prior to the development of the modern welfare state, nascent labor unions modeled the concept of welfare as a function of mutual aid within the organized proletariat. Unions stockpiled supplies, for instance, in anticipation of strikes and work stoppages so that membership could survive management retaliations such as the suspension of pay or the denial of access to the workplace. Indeed, the history of trade unions, and before that of guilds and craftsmen corporations, is inextricably bound with that of mutual organizations, fraternities, and benevolent associations. Peter Kropotkin famously argued that robust forms of mutual aid are a necessary as well as species-beneficial result of evolution, defying classic Hobbesian and social Darwinist views that emphasize the fierceness of individual competition and the value of a model where only the “fittest” survive.1 What we call the welfare state is perhaps most plausibly understood as the nationalization and homogenization of diverse organizations for mutual aid, amalgamated under the paternalistic aegis of the state.2
{"title":"Can the Precariat Be Organized?: The Gig Economy, Worksite Dispersion, and the Challenge of Mutual Aid","authors":"G. Abbeele","doi":"10.3817/0322198067","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3817/0322198067","url":null,"abstract":"The development and success of the welfare state during the twentieth century coincides with the power of labor unions and their influence on the political process, both through the ballot box and by direct action in the form of strikes, boycotts, and protest marches. Already in the nineteenth century, however, and prior to the development of the modern welfare state, nascent labor unions modeled the concept of welfare as a function of mutual aid within the organized proletariat. Unions stockpiled supplies, for instance, in anticipation of strikes and work stoppages so that membership could survive management retaliations such as the suspension of pay or the denial of access to the workplace. Indeed, the history of trade unions, and before that of guilds and craftsmen corporations, is inextricably bound with that of mutual organizations, fraternities, and benevolent associations. Peter Kropotkin famously argued that robust forms of mutual aid are a necessary as well as species-beneficial result of evolution, defying classic Hobbesian and social Darwinist views that emphasize the fierceness of individual competition and the value of a model where only the “fittest” survive.1 What we call the welfare state is perhaps most plausibly understood as the nationalization and homogenization of diverse organizations for mutual aid, amalgamated under the paternalistic aegis of the state.2","PeriodicalId":43573,"journal":{"name":"Telos","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75882600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shaomin Li, The Rise of China, Inc.: How the Chinese Communist Party Transformed China into a Giant Corporation. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2022. Pp. x + 336.
李绍民，《中国公司的崛起:中国共产党如何把中国变成一个大公司》。剑桥:剑桥大学出版社，2022。Pp. x + 336。
{"title":"The Invisible Hand of the Chinese Communist Party","authors":"D. Pan","doi":"10.3817/0622199099","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3817/0622199099","url":null,"abstract":"Shaomin Li, The Rise of China, Inc.: How the Chinese Communist Party Transformed China into a Giant Corporation. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2022. Pp. x + 336.","PeriodicalId":43573,"journal":{"name":"Telos","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80321001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
To claim that East and West can never meet is to make a false claim. But in recent years, the myth of civilizational clash has become the currency of international relations and cross-cultural understanding. This stance spawns the stale but fake news that China and the West are locked in a collision course over civilizational norms—individualism vs. authoritarianism, state capitalism vs. neoliberalism, democracy vs. autocracy. This view is in the grip of “civilization” as if it were the genetic code of a body politic that has remained unchanged across thousands of years and countless generations. A cultural DNA is said to constitute the identity of a national society, placing China on Venus and the West on Mars. The West evolves liberal democracy as its vital essence, whereas China has been bedridden with the century-old pathology of autocracy.
{"title":"The Clash of Civilization and World Community: The West and China","authors":"Ban Wang","doi":"10.3817/0622199048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3817/0622199048","url":null,"abstract":"To claim that East and West can never meet is to make a false claim. But in recent years, the myth of civilizational clash has become the currency of international relations and cross-cultural understanding. This stance spawns the stale but fake news that China and the West are locked in a collision course over civilizational norms—individualism vs. authoritarianism, state capitalism vs. neoliberalism, democracy vs. autocracy. This view is in the grip of “civilization” as if it were the genetic code of a body politic that has remained unchanged across thousands of years and countless generations. A cultural DNA is said to constitute the identity of a national society, placing China on Venus and the West on Mars. The West evolves liberal democracy as its vital essence, whereas China has been bedridden with the century-old pathology of autocracy.","PeriodicalId":43573,"journal":{"name":"Telos","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86838264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction In recent years, there has been something of an explosion of news stories about various college and university campuses across North America experiencing heightened levels of political advocacy and political unrest. Visible examples include the “canceling” of invited speakers who have been deemed offensive by select student groups1 or petitions calling for the removal of instructors who have been accused of using harmful language.2 While these examples shed light on some of the more intense political debates circulating in higher educational institutions, they are also newsworthy stories precisely because they suggest strong divisiveness in worldviews in action—the contradiction between different…
{"title":"The Sensemaking and Construction of Political Narratives in Academic Settings","authors":"Richard T. Marcy, Valerie J. D’Erman","doi":"10.3817/0922200111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3817/0922200111","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction In recent years, there has been something of an explosion of news stories about various college and university campuses across North America experiencing heightened levels of political advocacy and political unrest. Visible examples include the “canceling” of invited speakers who have been deemed offensive by select student groups1 or petitions calling for the removal of instructors who have been accused of using harmful language.2 While these examples shed light on some of the more intense political debates circulating in higher educational institutions, they are also newsworthy stories precisely because they suggest strong divisiveness in worldviews in action—the contradiction between different…","PeriodicalId":43573,"journal":{"name":"Telos","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89544092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The conflict in Ukraine began in 2014. The invasion launched by Russia in 2022 was not its genesis but an escalation that fundamentally changed the nature of the war, and perhaps also marked a sea change in international affairs.
{"title":"Bleeding Ukraine","authors":"M. Kelly","doi":"10.3817/0622199163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3817/0622199163","url":null,"abstract":"The conflict in Ukraine began in 2014. The invasion launched by Russia in 2022 was not its genesis but an escalation that fundamentally changed the nature of the war, and perhaps also marked a sea change in international affairs.","PeriodicalId":43573,"journal":{"name":"Telos","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84024190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Timothy Brennan, Places of Mind: A Life of Edward Said. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2021. Pp. 464. H. Aram Veeser, Edward Said: The Charisma of Criticism. New York: Routledge, 2010. Pp. 272. Watching the famous 1986 debate between Edward Said and Bernard Lewis at the Middle East Studies Association some thirty-six years later, one is struck by the element of spectacle in the exercise, as well as the sheer superficiality of the discussion. Ostensibly a debate between two men whose bitter arguments had until then been limited to the printed page, Columbia English professor Edward Said and the (by then retired) Princeton Arabist Bernard Lewis debated “the scholars, the media, and the Middle East.” Two additional panelists, correspondent for the Nation Christopher Hitchens, at that time a Left zealot, and Leon Wieseltier, a former student of Said’s and literary editor at the New Republic, occasionally spoke as well.
蒂莫西·布伦南，《心灵之地:爱德华·赛义德的一生》。纽约:Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2021。464页。H. Aram Veeser, Edward Said:批评的魅力。纽约:劳特利奇出版社，2010。272页。36年后的1986年，爱德华•萨义德(Edward Said)与伯纳德•刘易斯(Bernard Lewis)在中东研究协会(Middle East Studies Association)进行了一场著名的辩论。当我们回顾这场辩论时，我们会惊讶于这场辩论中的场面元素，以及讨论的纯粹肤浅。表面上看，哥伦比亚大学英语教授爱德华·赛义德(Edward Said)和普林斯顿大学阿拉伯学者伯纳德·刘易斯(Bernard Lewis)就“学者、媒体和中东”展开了辩论，两人的激烈争论当时还局限于纸面上。另外两名小组成员，《国家》的记者克里斯托弗·希钦斯(Christopher Hitchens)，当时是左翼狂热分子，以及赛义德以前的学生、《新共和》的文学编辑莱昂·维塞尔蒂埃(Leon Wieseltier)，偶尔也会发言。
{"title":"The World Said Built","authors":"M. Wagner","doi":"10.3817/0622199180","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3817/0622199180","url":null,"abstract":"Timothy Brennan, Places of Mind: A Life of Edward Said. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2021. Pp. 464. H. Aram Veeser, Edward Said: The Charisma of Criticism. New York: Routledge, 2010. Pp. 272. Watching the famous 1986 debate between Edward Said and Bernard Lewis at the Middle East Studies Association some thirty-six years later, one is struck by the element of spectacle in the exercise, as well as the sheer superficiality of the discussion. Ostensibly a debate between two men whose bitter arguments had until then been limited to the printed page, Columbia English professor Edward Said and the (by then retired) Princeton Arabist Bernard Lewis debated “the scholars, the media, and the Middle East.” Two additional panelists, correspondent for the Nation Christopher Hitchens, at that time a Left zealot, and Leon Wieseltier, a former student of Said’s and literary editor at the New Republic, occasionally spoke as well.","PeriodicalId":43573,"journal":{"name":"Telos","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88027088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
After fourteen weeks of war, it is too early to determine the full impact of Russia’s February 24, 2022, invasion of Ukraine upon the existing world order. Nonetheless, there are emerging indicators of significant shifts in Eurasia, which must be recontextualized, given how they remain forgotten or ignored after the Soviet Union’s collapse in 1990–1991. The shortlived era of corporate-led, neoliberal globalization—which dawned in 1992 as “the end of history” triggered in the ruptures of 1989—now seems eclipsed by another epoch ripped open by the Kremlin’s assault on Kyiv. Given the past ten to fifteen years, this time increasingly seems defined by a “clash of civilizations,” swirling around shards and specters of the Soviet Union in many new epicenters of ethnonational alliances.
{"title":"Ukraine and World Order: Today’s Scramble for Eurasia","authors":"T. Luke","doi":"10.3817/0622199151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3817/0622199151","url":null,"abstract":"After fourteen weeks of war, it is too early to determine the full impact of Russia’s February 24, 2022, invasion of Ukraine upon the existing world order. Nonetheless, there are emerging indicators of significant shifts in Eurasia, which must be recontextualized, given how they remain forgotten or ignored after the Soviet Union’s collapse in 1990–1991. The shortlived era of corporate-led, neoliberal globalization—which dawned in 1992 as “the end of history” triggered in the ruptures of 1989—now seems eclipsed by another epoch ripped open by the Kremlin’s assault on Kyiv. Given the past ten to fifteen years, this time increasingly seems defined by a “clash of civilizations,” swirling around shards and specters of the Soviet Union in many new epicenters of ethnonational alliances.","PeriodicalId":43573,"journal":{"name":"Telos","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79191730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A year into the Biden administration, America remains up for grabs. Trump supporters do not accept the legitimacy of the Biden presidency.1 Trump himself is already campaigning for reelection on a platform of revenge for a stolen victory. Congress remains bitterly divided; gerrymandering and voting restrictions race forward to create lopsided advantages before the 2022 elections.2 And the Supreme Court–dominated by three Trump appointees who together got only four votes of Democratic senators–continues its reactionary turn.3 Almost everyone believes our national political system is broken. Surely, it strains credulity to think that we are a democracy, if we mean by that a system in which the majority of the citizens choose their representatives who, in turn, aim to translate public opinion into public policy.4
{"title":"America’s New Civil War","authors":"P. Kahn","doi":"10.3817/0322198125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3817/0322198125","url":null,"abstract":"A year into the Biden administration, America remains up for grabs. Trump supporters do not accept the legitimacy of the Biden presidency.1 Trump himself is already campaigning for reelection on a platform of revenge for a stolen victory. Congress remains bitterly divided; gerrymandering and voting restrictions race forward to create lopsided advantages before the 2022 elections.2 And the Supreme Court–dominated by three Trump appointees who together got only four votes of Democratic senators–continues its reactionary turn.3 Almost everyone believes our national political system is broken. Surely, it strains credulity to think that we are a democracy, if we mean by that a system in which the majority of the citizens choose their representatives who, in turn, aim to translate public opinion into public policy.4","PeriodicalId":43573,"journal":{"name":"Telos","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76927056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
1. Dilemmas of Science: Tensions between University and Society The German philosopher Hans Blumenberg formulated this over thirty years ago: “The great enigma of the closing second millennium is and will perhaps remain the growing aversion to science.”1 Regardless of the time-related motivation and conditionality of his statement, Blumenberg draws our attention to dilemmas that are fundamentally formative for science due to the way they are linked. These are dilemmas that have not lost their significance since then but rather have increased in importance over the last decade.
{"title":"Tired of Science?! Notes on the Relationship between University and Society","authors":"Michael Hüther","doi":"10.3817/0922200015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3817/0922200015","url":null,"abstract":"1. Dilemmas of Science: Tensions between University and Society The German philosopher Hans Blumenberg formulated this over thirty years ago: “The great enigma of the closing second millennium is and will perhaps remain the growing aversion to science.”1 Regardless of the time-related motivation and conditionality of his statement, Blumenberg draws our attention to dilemmas that are fundamentally formative for science due to the way they are linked. These are dilemmas that have not lost their significance since then but rather have increased in importance over the last decade.","PeriodicalId":43573,"journal":{"name":"Telos","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79484147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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