Denis A. Jakovlev, Anna D. Shurygina, S. Kuzmina, A. Rascheskov
The article presents materials from foreign and domestic literature, that indicate the relationship between ophthalmic pathology and mental disorders. The most common mental disorders are depression and anxiety among patients with visual impairment. The prevalence of comorbidity of ophthalmic and mental pathology was considered, as well as factors contributing to the progression of these diseases.
{"title":"The prevalence of mental disorders in patients with posterior segment eye disease","authors":"Denis A. Jakovlev, Anna D. Shurygina, S. Kuzmina, A. Rascheskov","doi":"10.17816/nb303671","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/nb303671","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents materials from foreign and domestic literature, that indicate the relationship between ophthalmic pathology and mental disorders. The most common mental disorders are depression and anxiety among patients with visual impairment. The prevalence of comorbidity of ophthalmic and mental pathology was considered, as well as factors contributing to the progression of these diseases.","PeriodicalId":436189,"journal":{"name":"Neurology Bulletin","volume":"140 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129991124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
L.I. Kopylova, Alexey A. Tappakhov, T. Nikolaeva, T. Popova
Parkinsons disease (PD) is an age-related neurodegenerative disease associated with the loss of dopamine-producing neurons in the substantia nigra. The disease is manifested by motor disorders and a variety of non-motor symptoms (NMS). NMS may reduce the quality of life (QoL) of people with Parkinsons disease (PD) more than motor manifestations, but their ultimate contribution has not been fully established. AIM. To determine the impact of motor, cognitive and affective disorders and social factors on the quality of life of patients with PD in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). MATERIAL AND METHODS. The study included 35 patients with PD, HoehnYahr stage 13 (60% women and 40% men), mean age 64.42.0 years. We used scales: UPDRS, MoCA, HADS, NMSQuest, Epward Sleepiness Scale, PDQ39. The analysis of clinical signs and social factors in the studied group of patients was carried out. RESULTS. The decrease in QoL was moderately associated with disease stage (r=0.56, p=0.009), the severity of motor manifestations (r=0.65, p 0.001) and the total number of NMS (r=0.46, p=0.008). Age and disease duration did not affect on QoL. The decrease in QoL was influenced by the presence of depression (r=0.83, p 0.001), anxiety (r=0.69, p 0.001) and cognitive decline (r=0.46, p=0.008). Low levels of QoL were found in individual PD patients and in people with disabilities. QoL was not influenced by ethnicity, gender, employment or education. Three groups of patients with PD were identified: those with mild, moderate and severe decrease in QoL. Their clinical and social portraits are presented. CONCLUSION. The dependence of the quality of life of patients with PD on the form of the disease, the stage of the disease, the severity of depression, social factors has been demonstrated, which requires attention not only from neurologists, but also from psychotherapists and social workers.
{"title":"Clinical and social aspects of the quality of life in patients with Parkinson’s disease","authors":"L.I. Kopylova, Alexey A. Tappakhov, T. Nikolaeva, T. Popova","doi":"10.17816/nb321228","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/nb321228","url":null,"abstract":"Parkinsons disease (PD) is an age-related neurodegenerative disease associated with the loss of dopamine-producing neurons in the substantia nigra. The disease is manifested by motor disorders and a variety of non-motor symptoms (NMS). NMS may reduce the quality of life (QoL) of people with Parkinsons disease (PD) more than motor manifestations, but their ultimate contribution has not been fully established. \u0000AIM. To determine the impact of motor, cognitive and affective disorders and social factors on the quality of life of patients with PD in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). \u0000MATERIAL AND METHODS. The study included 35 patients with PD, HoehnYahr stage 13 (60% women and 40% men), mean age 64.42.0 years. We used scales: UPDRS, MoCA, HADS, NMSQuest, Epward Sleepiness Scale, PDQ39. The analysis of clinical signs and social factors in the studied group of patients was carried out. \u0000RESULTS. The decrease in QoL was moderately associated with disease stage (r=0.56, p=0.009), the severity of motor manifestations (r=0.65, p 0.001) and the total number of NMS (r=0.46, p=0.008). Age and disease duration did not affect on QoL. The decrease in QoL was influenced by the presence of depression (r=0.83, p 0.001), anxiety (r=0.69, p 0.001) and cognitive decline (r=0.46, p=0.008). Low levels of QoL were found in individual PD patients and in people with disabilities. QoL was not influenced by ethnicity, gender, employment or education. Three groups of patients with PD were identified: those with mild, moderate and severe decrease in QoL. Their clinical and social portraits are presented. \u0000CONCLUSION. The dependence of the quality of life of patients with PD on the form of the disease, the stage of the disease, the severity of depression, social factors has been demonstrated, which requires attention not only from neurologists, but also from psychotherapists and social workers.","PeriodicalId":436189,"journal":{"name":"Neurology Bulletin","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125557355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Savina, Elisaveta A. Petrova, Eugenia A. Koltsova
BACKGROUND. Inadequate coping strategies are associated with affective disorders and poor quality of life in stroke survivors. Although coping strategies are determined by several non-modifiable factors they have been shown to change over time. AIM. Longitudinal assessment of coping strategies and associated factors in patients with first-ever stroke. MATERIAL AND METHODS. This study was a part of prospective observational study of a cohort of patients with first-ever stroke. Patients underwent standard psychiatric, neurological and cognitive assessment and CT. Patients without aphasia, severe fatigue, eye problems fulfilled the coping strategies indicator (Amirkhan J.H., 1990): 87 patients in the first week after stroke, 45 patients in the second week, 20 patients in 3 months, 21 patients in 6 months, 33 patients in 1 year after stroke. Non-parametric statistics were used. RESULTS. Different coping strategies were not determined by age, gender and severity of neurological deficit; there were some correlations with educational level, work status, cognitive dysfunction, stroke volume and lesion location. There were differences in the use of coping strategies in the groups with different depression manifestations: in the group with depression manifestations in the early recovery period and later, coping strategies did not differ from the control group in the acute stroke period, but since the manifestation of depression the amount of avoidance strategies increased. In the group with pre-stroke depression, a significant increase in avoidance strategies was observed in the first week after the stroke. CONCLUSIONS. The longitudinal study of coping strategies revealed that the use of coping strategies is a dynamic process determined by several modifiable and non-modifiable factors in combination. Coping strategies were not predictors of depression; on the contrary, depression seems to influence the choice of coping strategies.
{"title":"Longitudinal study of coping strategies in first-time stroke patients: association with cognitive dysfunction, stroke site and depression","authors":"M. Savina, Elisaveta A. Petrova, Eugenia A. Koltsova","doi":"10.17816/nb253252","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/nb253252","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND. Inadequate coping strategies are associated with affective disorders and poor quality of life in stroke survivors. Although coping strategies are determined by several non-modifiable factors they have been shown to change over time. \u0000AIM. Longitudinal assessment of coping strategies and associated factors in patients with first-ever stroke. \u0000MATERIAL AND METHODS. This study was a part of prospective observational study of a cohort of patients with first-ever stroke. Patients underwent standard psychiatric, neurological and cognitive assessment and CT. Patients without aphasia, severe fatigue, eye problems fulfilled the coping strategies indicator (Amirkhan J.H., 1990): 87 patients in the first week after stroke, 45 patients in the second week, 20 patients in 3 months, 21 patients in 6 months, 33 patients in 1 year after stroke. Non-parametric statistics were used. \u0000RESULTS. Different coping strategies were not determined by age, gender and severity of neurological deficit; there were some correlations with educational level, work status, cognitive dysfunction, stroke volume and lesion location. There were differences in the use of coping strategies in the groups with different depression manifestations: in the group with depression manifestations in the early recovery period and later, coping strategies did not differ from the control group in the acute stroke period, but since the manifestation of depression the amount of avoidance strategies increased. In the group with pre-stroke depression, a significant increase in avoidance strategies was observed in the first week after the stroke. \u0000CONCLUSIONS. The longitudinal study of coping strategies revealed that the use of coping strategies is a dynamic process determined by several modifiable and non-modifiable factors in combination. Coping strategies were not predictors of depression; on the contrary, depression seems to influence the choice of coping strategies.","PeriodicalId":436189,"journal":{"name":"Neurology Bulletin","volume":"175 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126244270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The article is devoted to an analysis of the terminology used to support a psychiatric diagnosis. Using linguistic approaches, the author draws attention to the presence in psychiatry of semantically filled and semantically empty terms that denote certain psychopathological symptoms/signs. It is concluded that for a number of terms used in the diagnosis of schizophrenia spectrum disorders, a revision should be revised and those that are vague, ambiguous, not included in international diagnostic systems and recognised as archaic should be removed from the psychiatric lexicon. In particular, we are talking about symptoms such as emasculation of emotions, pretentiousness, paradoxicality, eccentricity, ambivalence.
{"title":"“Semantic void” of some of psychiatric terms used in the diagnosis of schizophrenia","authors":"V. Mendelevich","doi":"10.17816/nb397614","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/nb397614","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to an analysis of the terminology used to support a psychiatric diagnosis. Using linguistic approaches, the author draws attention to the presence in psychiatry of semantically filled and semantically empty terms that denote certain psychopathological symptoms/signs. \u0000It is concluded that for a number of terms used in the diagnosis of schizophrenia spectrum disorders, a revision should be revised and those that are vague, ambiguous, not included in international diagnostic systems and recognised as archaic should be removed from the psychiatric lexicon. In particular, we are talking about symptoms such as emasculation of emotions, pretentiousness, paradoxicality, eccentricity, ambivalence.","PeriodicalId":436189,"journal":{"name":"Neurology Bulletin","volume":"2009 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127326653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The discussion on the methodological limitations of the quasi- measurement of human feelings and sensations, started by the author in the journal Neurology bulletin, continues. There are a number of reasons for accepting/rejecting and understanding the principles and limitations of clinical epidemiology/evidence-based medicine (EBM) to the point of deliberate distortion. It is shown that the ideas of freedom and creativity in medicine, are ways of avoiding control and the realization of biopower. A concrete example, the study of the efficacy of antidepressants, shows how it is possible, either unintentionally or intentionally, to obtain a false result without following the principles and tenets of EBM.
{"title":"How misunderstanding the principles and limitations of evidence-based medicine may discredit the concept","authors":"N. A. Zorin","doi":"10.17816/nb321817","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/nb321817","url":null,"abstract":"The discussion on the methodological limitations of the quasi- measurement of human feelings and sensations, started by the author in the journal Neurology bulletin, continues. There are a number of reasons for accepting/rejecting and understanding the principles and limitations of clinical epidemiology/evidence-based medicine (EBM) to the point of deliberate distortion. It is shown that the ideas of freedom and creativity in medicine, are ways of avoiding control and the realization of biopower. A concrete example, the study of the efficacy of antidepressants, shows how it is possible, either unintentionally or intentionally, to obtain a false result without following the principles and tenets of EBM.","PeriodicalId":436189,"journal":{"name":"Neurology Bulletin","volume":"82 8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126023621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BACKGROUND. The problem of changing a psychiatric diagnosis is a reality. AIM. To study the frequency and probability of changing the exposed patient at the age of psychiatric illness when moving under the supervision of a psychiatrist served by a large population. MATERIAL AND METHODS. We analyzed 246 cases of patients who first applied to a psychiatrist in childhood (adolescence), then taken for consultative or dispensary registration. The study was follow-up in nature, was carried out with the help of the analysis of electronic databases of the RCPB. acad. V.M. Bekhterev of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Tatarstan (Kazan), as well as by studying primary medical documentation (outpatient cards and case histories). The results of the study were processed on the basis of Statistica 6.0 and MS Excel 2020. RESULTS. The main variants of the outcomes of mental disorders diagnosed in childhood of patients are described. It is shown that in more than half of clinical cases the confirmation of a psychiatric diagnosis at an early age is not final, and the issue of further diagnostic search remains unresolved and requires revision. Using the methods of multifactorial statistics, the main transnosological (dimensional) models of algorithms for the development of mental disorders are modeled.
{"title":"Probability of change in diagnosis among adult patients diagnosed with childhood mental disorders","authors":"Timur R. Gazizullin, V. Mendelevich","doi":"10.17816/nb340868","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/nb340868","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND. The problem of changing a psychiatric diagnosis is a reality. \u0000AIM. To study the frequency and probability of changing the exposed patient at the age of psychiatric illness when moving under the supervision of a psychiatrist served by a large population. \u0000MATERIAL AND METHODS. We analyzed 246 cases of patients who first applied to a psychiatrist in childhood (adolescence), then taken for consultative or dispensary registration. The study was follow-up in nature, was carried out with the help of the analysis of electronic databases of the RCPB. acad. V.M. Bekhterev of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Tatarstan (Kazan), as well as by studying primary medical documentation (outpatient cards and case histories). The results of the study were processed on the basis of Statistica 6.0 and MS Excel 2020. \u0000RESULTS. The main variants of the outcomes of mental disorders diagnosed in childhood of patients are described. It is shown that in more than half of clinical cases the confirmation of a psychiatric diagnosis at an early age is not final, and the issue of further diagnostic search remains unresolved and requires revision. Using the methods of multifactorial statistics, the main transnosological (dimensional) models of algorithms for the development of mental disorders are modeled.","PeriodicalId":436189,"journal":{"name":"Neurology Bulletin","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124384709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
V. Ruzhenkova, I. S. Khamskaya, K. Retyunskiy, A. V. Boeva, O.V. Zhigulina
BACKGROUND. One of the main problems of patients in a psychiatric clinic is non-compliance with the order of treatment, which leads to frequent exacerbations of the disease and social exclusion. According to some reports, about 3050% of patients completely refuse treatment after hospitalization or take medications in reduced doses. Important among the factors affecting the compliance of patients with schizophrenia are the patients personal characteristics, the severity of symptoms, criticism of the disease, substance abuse, side effects of drugs, features of therapeutic cooperation and other factors. AIM was to analyse the relationship between life satisfaction and compliance in patients with schizophrenia. MATERIAL AND METHODS. We examined 157 patients diagnosed with Schizophrenia aged 23 to 52 years (38.58.1 years). The examination was carried out one week before discharge from the hospital. The main methods of the study were clinical-psychopathological, clinical-dynamic, psychometric (DAI-10 compliance scale, Q-LES-Q-SF test for assessing the degree of satisfaction with life, Beck hopelessness scale, hospital anxiety and depression scale HADS), and statistical (descriptive statistics, 2 test with Yates correction for contingency tables 22, correlation analysis Spearmans rank correlation coefficient). RESULTS. It was found that only 11.4% of males and 20.7% of females were fully compliant. A third of the men and half of the women took medication under the supervision of relatives. Only 12.6% of patients with schizophrenia were satisfied with their lives (without gender differences). A significant proportion of patients (43.3%) experienced a feeling of dissatisfaction with life, and males are 2 times more likely than women. Also, some patients at the time of discharge overestimated their mood, which did not correspond to the subjective assessment. Severe depression, anxiety and a sense of hopelessness increased the patients dissatisfaction with all parameters of everyday life. Compliance of patients directly depends on their mood, ability to work, perform everyday household duties and relationships with others, which becomes problematic with anxiety, depression and a sense of hopelessness. CONCLUSION. Compliance is directly correlated with the quality of life, satisfaction with it, the physical condition of the patient, favourable family relationships, good mood, availability and job satisfaction.
{"title":"Satisfaction with life as a compliance factor of patients with schizophrenia","authors":"V. Ruzhenkova, I. S. Khamskaya, K. Retyunskiy, A. V. Boeva, O.V. Zhigulina","doi":"10.17816/nb397585","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/nb397585","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND. One of the main problems of patients in a psychiatric clinic is non-compliance with the order of treatment, which leads to frequent exacerbations of the disease and social exclusion. According to some reports, about 3050% of patients completely refuse treatment after hospitalization or take medications in reduced doses. Important among the factors affecting the compliance of patients with schizophrenia are the patients personal characteristics, the severity of symptoms, criticism of the disease, substance abuse, side effects of drugs, features of therapeutic cooperation and other factors. \u0000AIM was to analyse the relationship between life satisfaction and compliance in patients with schizophrenia. \u0000MATERIAL AND METHODS. We examined 157 patients diagnosed with Schizophrenia aged 23 to 52 years (38.58.1 years). The examination was carried out one week before discharge from the hospital. The main methods of the study were clinical-psychopathological, clinical-dynamic, psychometric (DAI-10 compliance scale, Q-LES-Q-SF test for assessing the degree of satisfaction with life, Beck hopelessness scale, hospital anxiety and depression scale HADS), and statistical (descriptive statistics, 2 test with Yates correction for contingency tables 22, correlation analysis Spearmans rank correlation coefficient). \u0000RESULTS. It was found that only 11.4% of males and 20.7% of females were fully compliant. A third of the men and half of the women took medication under the supervision of relatives. Only 12.6% of patients with schizophrenia were satisfied with their lives (without gender differences). A significant proportion of patients (43.3%) experienced a feeling of dissatisfaction with life, and males are 2 times more likely than women. Also, some patients at the time of discharge overestimated their mood, which did not correspond to the subjective assessment. Severe depression, anxiety and a sense of hopelessness increased the patients dissatisfaction with all parameters of everyday life. Compliance of patients directly depends on their mood, ability to work, perform everyday household duties and relationships with others, which becomes problematic with anxiety, depression and a sense of hopelessness. \u0000CONCLUSION. Compliance is directly correlated with the quality of life, satisfaction with it, the physical condition of the patient, favourable family relationships, good mood, availability and job satisfaction.","PeriodicalId":436189,"journal":{"name":"Neurology Bulletin","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121032732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The cases of syringomyelia described in the literature with spontaneous collapse of the cavity are analyzed. Differences among patients with cavity decay in childhood and adults are assessed. The basic theories of cavity shedding in syringomyelia are presented in this article.
{"title":"Spontaneus resolution of syringomyelia is a rare variant of the disease course: analysis of clinical and neuroimaging descriptions","authors":"E. Mendelevich, Ch. S. Nurullina","doi":"10.17816/nb119898","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/nb119898","url":null,"abstract":"The cases of syringomyelia described in the literature with spontaneous collapse of the cavity are analyzed. Differences among patients with cavity decay in childhood and adults are assessed. The basic theories of cavity shedding in syringomyelia are presented in this article.","PeriodicalId":436189,"journal":{"name":"Neurology Bulletin","volume":"93 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123944582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Instrumental (controlled) aggression is observed in populations of both mentally healthy and mentally ill people. This type of aggression is not associated with any specific pathophysiological changes and cannot be considered as an independent symptom, which might be a target of pathogenetic therapy. By contrast, impulsive aggression is a paroxysm of anger, based on affectively narrowed consciousness when volition control is significantly reduced or absent. Impulsivity is different from cognate compulsivity by the loss of a stage of intellectual processing of affectively painted representations and by that the irrational attraction to action is realized involuntary, automatic. All impulsive-behavior patients are united by common pattern of neurobiological abnormalities, such as deficit of frontal inhibition of subcortical unconscious emotions and inclinations in response to relevant arousing stimuli. The results from evidence-based research, meta-analyses and Cochrane reviews of efficiency of pharmacological agents used for reduction of impulsive aggressive behavior were summarized.
{"title":"Impulsive aggression: recognition and choice of pharmacotherapy","authors":"E. V. Snedkov","doi":"10.17816/nb119902","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/nb119902","url":null,"abstract":"Instrumental (controlled) aggression is observed in populations of both mentally healthy and mentally ill people. This type of aggression is not associated with any specific pathophysiological changes and cannot be considered as an independent symptom, which might be a target of pathogenetic therapy. By contrast, impulsive aggression is a paroxysm of anger, based on affectively narrowed consciousness when volition control is significantly reduced or absent. Impulsivity is different from cognate compulsivity by the loss of a stage of intellectual processing of affectively painted representations and by that the irrational attraction to action is realized involuntary, automatic. All impulsive-behavior patients are united by common pattern of neurobiological abnormalities, such as deficit of frontal inhibition of subcortical unconscious emotions and inclinations in response to relevant arousing stimuli. The results from evidence-based research, meta-analyses and Cochrane reviews of efficiency of pharmacological agents used for reduction of impulsive aggressive behavior were summarized.","PeriodicalId":436189,"journal":{"name":"Neurology Bulletin","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126183952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aisa V. Paskenova, E. V. Makaricheva, L. Fatkhutdinova
The study involved 99 IT-workers who were divided into 4 subgroups depending on the content of the job: 3 groups of professional IT-workers system administrators, software developers, product supporters (62 people), and a group of office workers (37 people). The neurotic state questionnaire by Yakhin and Mendelevich, the Pittsburgh sleep questionnaire, as well as a questionnaire on socio-demographic indices were used. Software developers showed a significant tendency to neurotic depression and reactions of hysterical type compared with the other groups. This was related with both the personal characteristics of the workers, and the content and organization of work. For the other two subgroups of professional IT-workers, characterological features played a more important role in the development of neurotic states than the content of the job.
{"title":"Psychological characteristics of IT workers with different professional tasks","authors":"Aisa V. Paskenova, E. V. Makaricheva, L. Fatkhutdinova","doi":"10.17816/nb119894","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/nb119894","url":null,"abstract":"The study involved 99 IT-workers who were divided into 4 subgroups depending on the content of the job: 3 groups of professional IT-workers system administrators, software developers, product supporters (62 people), and a group of office workers (37 people). The neurotic state questionnaire by Yakhin and Mendelevich, the Pittsburgh sleep questionnaire, as well as a questionnaire on socio-demographic indices were used. Software developers showed a significant tendency to neurotic depression and reactions of hysterical type compared with the other groups. This was related with both the personal characteristics of the workers, and the content and organization of work. For the other two subgroups of professional IT-workers, characterological features played a more important role in the development of neurotic states than the content of the job.","PeriodicalId":436189,"journal":{"name":"Neurology Bulletin","volume":"53 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133675729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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