In 2024, Russia will change over to the 11th version of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11) where the diagnosis transsexualism will be replaced by gender incongruence. At present, clinical practice guidelines rooted in evidence-based medicine are being developed. This means that validated instruments of experimental psychological diagnostics should be used. In the present review, we identify ten instruments used in international practice. After discussing their strengths and weaknesses we can recommend four instruments for diagnosing gender dysphoria and gender incongruence: Transgender Congruence Scale, Trans Collaborations Clinical Check-In (TC3), Gender Congruence and Life Satisfaction Scale, and Utrecht Gender Dysphoria Scale Gender Spectrum (UDGS-GS). Six instruments are recommended for prescribing psychotherapy aimed to help the patients accept their gender identity and build resilience: Transgender Congruence Scale, Gender Identity Reflection and Rumination Scale, Gender Preoccupation and Stability Questionnaire, Trans Collaborations Clinical Check-In (TC3), Gender Congruence and Life Satisfaction Scale, and Transgender Identity Survey. At the same time, we do not recommend two widely used instruments Utrecht Gender Dysphoria Scale (classical version) and Gender Identity/Gender Dysphoria Questionnaire for Adolescents and Adults due to their inapplicability to gender non-binary individuals and those in the process of gender transition. In the article we also discuss issues related to differential diagnostics in the context of ICD-11, as well as peculiarities of using diagnostic scales with gender non-binary individuals, intersex people and detransitioners.
{"title":"A review of instruments of experimental psychological diagnostics of gender dysphoria and gender incongruence in the context of transition to ICD-11","authors":"Y. Kirey-Sitnikova, E. A. Burtsev","doi":"10.17816/nb105198","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/nb105198","url":null,"abstract":"In 2024, Russia will change over to the 11th version of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11) where the diagnosis transsexualism will be replaced by gender incongruence. At present, clinical practice guidelines rooted in evidence-based medicine are being developed. This means that validated instruments of experimental psychological diagnostics should be used. In the present review, we identify ten instruments used in international practice. After discussing their strengths and weaknesses we can recommend four instruments for diagnosing gender dysphoria and gender incongruence: Transgender Congruence Scale, Trans Collaborations Clinical Check-In (TC3), Gender Congruence and Life Satisfaction Scale, and Utrecht Gender Dysphoria Scale Gender Spectrum (UDGS-GS). Six instruments are recommended for prescribing psychotherapy aimed to help the patients accept their gender identity and build resilience: Transgender Congruence Scale, Gender Identity Reflection and Rumination Scale, Gender Preoccupation and Stability Questionnaire, Trans Collaborations Clinical Check-In (TC3), Gender Congruence and Life Satisfaction Scale, and Transgender Identity Survey. At the same time, we do not recommend two widely used instruments Utrecht Gender Dysphoria Scale (classical version) and Gender Identity/Gender Dysphoria Questionnaire for Adolescents and Adults due to their inapplicability to gender non-binary individuals and those in the process of gender transition. In the article we also discuss issues related to differential diagnostics in the context of ICD-11, as well as peculiarities of using diagnostic scales with gender non-binary individuals, intersex people and detransitioners.","PeriodicalId":436189,"journal":{"name":"Neurology Bulletin","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127060555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
V. Mendelevich, F. F. Gatin, R. Khamitov, Veronika N. Konovalova, P. V. Koroleva
The article is devoted to the analysis of current trends in the field of clinical psychiatry. Using the example of borderline personality disorder, in which verbal hallucinations are observed, the problem of qualifying psychotic symptoms in non-psychotic disorders is discussed. The question is raised that such phenomena can be considered either as diagnostic errors or as a new psychiatric reality.
{"title":"Psychotic symptoms for non-psychotic disorders: errors of diagnosis or a new reality?","authors":"V. Mendelevich, F. F. Gatin, R. Khamitov, Veronika N. Konovalova, P. V. Koroleva","doi":"10.17816/nb108655","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/nb108655","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to the analysis of current trends in the field of clinical psychiatry. Using the example of borderline personality disorder, in which verbal hallucinations are observed, the problem of qualifying psychotic symptoms in non-psychotic disorders is discussed. The question is raised that such phenomena can be considered either as diagnostic errors or as a new psychiatric reality.","PeriodicalId":436189,"journal":{"name":"Neurology Bulletin","volume":"16 5","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134259186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A clinical case of Stanislav G., 18 years old, an IT-specialist, who underwent therapy in a psychiatric hospital in connection with a schizotypal disorder diagnosed in him, is described. After a month, the patient admitted that he was feigning a mental disorder, because he could not receive effective treatment for the vegetative symptoms of hypothyroidism diagnosed in him, and began an intensive search for the psychopathological causes of his own illness. He believed that he had some signs of schizotypal disorder, but they were not enough to make an official diagnosis and receive the desired psychopharmacotherapy. For persuasiveness, he studied on the Internet the anamnesis of patients and decided to simulate elements of reasoning, emasculation of associations and a distorted perception of the interlocutors words, flattening of affect. On re-examination after claiming the sham, it was concluded that he did not have the listed symptoms and that there was no scientific evidence to support any psychiatric diagnosis. Doubts in the analysis were only caused by the patients motivation to simulate psychopathology in the absence of traditional grounds for malingering (criminal prosecution, military service), and excessive intellectualization of health problems and a specific style of thinking that did not go beyond the norm. The article discusses the question of whether the patient had symptoms of schizotypal disorder and, if so, whether they could completely stop in a short period of time. The article provides substantiations for the conclusion about the detection of feigning behavior in the patient, and provides data on the differential diagnosis between the malingering of a healthy person and pseudo-simulation in schizotypal disorder, as well as observations on the specifics of the mental activity of persons with schizoid personality disorder and Aspergers syndrome diagnoses assumed in the examined.
{"title":"Was it a malingering of a mental disorder? Clinical case of self-disclosure of the patient and its interpretation","authors":"V. Mendelevich, I. Mitrofanov","doi":"10.17816/nb108707","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/nb108707","url":null,"abstract":"A clinical case of Stanislav G., 18 years old, an IT-specialist, who underwent therapy in a psychiatric hospital in connection with a schizotypal disorder diagnosed in him, is described. After a month, the patient admitted that he was feigning a mental disorder, because he could not receive effective treatment for the vegetative symptoms of hypothyroidism diagnosed in him, and began an intensive search for the psychopathological causes of his own illness. He believed that he had some signs of schizotypal disorder, but they were not enough to make an official diagnosis and receive the desired psychopharmacotherapy. For persuasiveness, he studied on the Internet the anamnesis of patients and decided to simulate elements of reasoning, emasculation of associations and a distorted perception of the interlocutors words, flattening of affect. On re-examination after claiming the sham, it was concluded that he did not have the listed symptoms and that there was no scientific evidence to support any psychiatric diagnosis. Doubts in the analysis were only caused by the patients motivation to simulate psychopathology in the absence of traditional grounds for malingering (criminal prosecution, military service), and excessive intellectualization of health problems and a specific style of thinking that did not go beyond the norm. The article discusses the question of whether the patient had symptoms of schizotypal disorder and, if so, whether they could completely stop in a short period of time. The article provides substantiations for the conclusion about the detection of feigning behavior in the patient, and provides data on the differential diagnosis between the malingering of a healthy person and pseudo-simulation in schizotypal disorder, as well as observations on the specifics of the mental activity of persons with schizoid personality disorder and Aspergers syndrome diagnoses assumed in the examined.","PeriodicalId":436189,"journal":{"name":"Neurology Bulletin","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121314208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BACKGROUND. Hypnotherapy is one of the treatments for irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). AIM. Meta-analysis was to evaluate the effectiveness of its use and to identify the most optimal conditions for its implementation. MATERIALS AND METHODS. We analyzed Scientific medical databases PubMed, EMBASE, eLibrary for the period from 2005 to 2022. Studies performed on adult samples of patients with a confirmed diagnosis of IBS on the basis of Rome IIIV with a control group were selected. Included studies were analyzed for risks of bias and publication bias. Clinical efficacy was assessed by comparing data on gastrointestinal symptoms reduction and psychological condition. A subgroup analysis was used to compare the effectiveness of group and individual hypnotherapy, as well as the number of sessions conducted. RESULTS. Nine studies (867 patients) were included in the final meta-analysis. Hypnotherapy was significantly more effective in reducing gastrointestinal symptoms in patients with IBS compared to controls (SMD=0.25 [95% CI 0.020.49], I2=53%, p=0.03), with positive effects persisting up to one year (SMD=0.34 [95% CI 0.070.60], p=0.01). Hypnotherapy resulted in an equalization of the psychological distress (MD=1.09 [95% CI from 1.27 to 3.44], p=0.37), but the results were not significant. Group hypnotherapy (SMD=0.35 [95% CI 0.010.70], p=0.05) and higher amount of hypnotherapy sessions during treatment (SMD=0.35 [95% CI 0.140.57], p=0.001) were more effective. CONCLUSION. Based on the results of this systematic review, it is fair to assume that the most effective use of hypnotherapy in patients with IBS, including those with therapy-resistant forms, is more than 7 sessions of group hypnotherapy more than once a week with a minimum session time of 45 minutes.
背景。催眠疗法是治疗肠易激综合征(IBS)的一种方法。的目标。荟萃分析旨在评估其使用的有效性，并确定其实施的最佳条件。材料和方法。我们分析了2005年至2022年期间的科学医学数据库PubMed, EMBASE, library。在Rome iii的基础上，对确诊为IBS的成年患者样本进行研究，并选择对照组。对纳入的研究进行偏倚风险和发表偏倚分析。通过比较胃肠道症状减轻和心理状态的数据来评估临床疗效。亚组分析用于比较团体和个人催眠治疗的有效性，以及进行的疗程数量。结果。9项研究(867例患者)被纳入最终的荟萃分析。与对照组相比，催眠疗法在减轻IBS患者胃肠道症状方面明显更有效(SMD=0.25 [95% CI 0.020.49]， I2=53%， p=0.03)，积极效果持续长达一年(SMD=0.34 [95% CI 0.070.60]， p=0.01)。催眠治疗导致心理困扰的均衡化(MD=1.09 [95% CI从1.27到3.44]，p=0.37)，但结果不显著。团体催眠治疗(SMD=0.35 [95% CI 0.010.70]， p=0.05)和治疗期间较高的催眠治疗次数(SMD=0.35 [95% CI 0.140.57]， p=0.001)更有效。结论。基于本系统综述的结果，我们可以公平地假设，对IBS患者(包括治疗抵抗型患者)最有效的催眠治疗是每周进行7次以上的集体催眠治疗，每次至少45分钟。
{"title":"Efficacy of hypnotherapy in the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome. A systematic review with meta-analysis","authors":"K. Markin, A. Temniy, K. V. Dnov","doi":"10.17816/nb107881","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/nb107881","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND. Hypnotherapy is one of the treatments for irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). \u0000AIM. Meta-analysis was to evaluate the effectiveness of its use and to identify the most optimal conditions for its implementation. \u0000MATERIALS AND METHODS. We analyzed Scientific medical databases PubMed, EMBASE, eLibrary for the period from 2005 to 2022. Studies performed on adult samples of patients with a confirmed diagnosis of IBS on the basis of Rome IIIV with a control group were selected. Included studies were analyzed for risks of bias and publication bias. Clinical efficacy was assessed by comparing data on gastrointestinal symptoms reduction and psychological condition. A subgroup analysis was used to compare the effectiveness of group and individual hypnotherapy, as well as the number of sessions conducted. \u0000RESULTS. Nine studies (867 patients) were included in the final meta-analysis. Hypnotherapy was significantly more effective in reducing gastrointestinal symptoms in patients with IBS compared to controls (SMD=0.25 [95% CI 0.020.49], I2=53%, p=0.03), with positive effects persisting up to one year (SMD=0.34 [95% CI 0.070.60], p=0.01). Hypnotherapy resulted in an equalization of the psychological distress (MD=1.09 [95% CI from 1.27 to 3.44], p=0.37), but the results were not significant. Group hypnotherapy (SMD=0.35 [95% CI 0.010.70], p=0.05) and higher amount of hypnotherapy sessions during treatment (SMD=0.35 [95% CI 0.140.57], p=0.001) were more effective. \u0000CONCLUSION. Based on the results of this systematic review, it is fair to assume that the most effective use of hypnotherapy in patients with IBS, including those with therapy-resistant forms, is more than 7 sessions of group hypnotherapy more than once a week with a minimum session time of 45 minutes.","PeriodicalId":436189,"journal":{"name":"Neurology Bulletin","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132953998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In the era of the COVID-19 pandemic, unprecedented efforts have been made by governments and the scientific community to develop vaccines. Vaccines developed on the basis of new technologies have proven to be effective and safe. The accumulated experience in vaccine development on the basis of human adenovirus DNA has allowed domestic scientists to develop and launch the worlds first vaccine against a new coronavirus infection, Sputnik V, in a short period of time, which has received worldwide recognition. Pre-registration trials may be insufficient to detect rare post-vaccination complications, and the lack of information about them may cause distrust in vaccination companies among part of the population. A review of the worldwide literature on SARS-CoV-2 vaccine-related complications is presented. It concludes that vaccination is superior to their risks. An oculomotor nerve injury following vaccination with Sputnik Lite in a 67-year-old woman with a favourable outcome is described.
{"title":"Side effects of vaccination against COVID-19: description of a case of isolated oculomotor nerve damage with a literature review","authors":"R. Gaifutdinov, Dinara Sh. Kamalova","doi":"10.17816/nb100332","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/nb100332","url":null,"abstract":"In the era of the COVID-19 pandemic, unprecedented efforts have been made by governments and the scientific community to develop vaccines. Vaccines developed on the basis of new technologies have proven to be effective and safe. The accumulated experience in vaccine development on the basis of human adenovirus DNA has allowed domestic scientists to develop and launch the worlds first vaccine against a new coronavirus infection, Sputnik V, in a short period of time, which has received worldwide recognition. Pre-registration trials may be insufficient to detect rare post-vaccination complications, and the lack of information about them may cause distrust in vaccination companies among part of the population. A review of the worldwide literature on SARS-CoV-2 vaccine-related complications is presented. It concludes that vaccination is superior to their risks. An oculomotor nerve injury following vaccination with Sputnik Lite in a 67-year-old woman with a favourable outcome is described.","PeriodicalId":436189,"journal":{"name":"Neurology Bulletin","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131690267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BACKGROUND. The treatment of chronic tension headache mainly includes pharmacological methods, but the frequent side effects of medications and the presence of contraindications in some categories of patients determine the relevance of the search for alternative methods. One of them is the use of soft techniques of manual therapy with an impact on the myofascial structures of the head and cervical spine. AIM. To determine the effectiveness of manual therapeutic use in patients with chronic tension headache. MATERIAL AND METHODS. The clinical study was conducted in the period from 2019 to 2021. The study involved 49 patients with chronic tension headache, who were divided into 2 groups: the main (37 participants) and control (12 participants). In the main group, patients received 3 manual therapy sessions. In the control group, patients received drug therapy. After 1month and 6 months, the intensity, frequency of headache, the amount of drugs taken, and the effect of headache on work ability were assessed. Statistical processing was performed using the IBM SPSS software. The Friedman test and the Kendall coefficient of concordance were used; the Wilcoxon test and signs were used for the significance of the shift. The results of the data were taken as significant at p 0.05. RESULTS. After the therapy in the main group of strong intensity headaches decreased 6 times (p 0.05). The number of patients with an insignificant effect of headache on work ability increased 2 times (p 0.05), there were patients (21.6%) whose headache did not influence with their ability to work, while the differences were significant (p 0.05).There was a decrease in the frequency of headache attacks in more than half of the patients (62%) and for 4 times decrease of the number of painkillers (p 0.01). There were no significant changes in the incidence and intensity of headache in the control group. CONCLUSION. The use of manual therapy in patients with chronic tension headache reduces the frequency, intensity of headache, the amount of drugs used and the negative effect of headache on working capacity.
{"title":"Efficiency of manual therapy methods in treatment of patients with chronic tension type headache","authors":"E. Yakupov, Faniya F. Agliullina","doi":"10.17816/nb90734","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/nb90734","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND. The treatment of chronic tension headache mainly includes pharmacological methods, but the frequent side effects of medications and the presence of contraindications in some categories of patients determine the relevance of the search for alternative methods. One of them is the use of soft techniques of manual therapy with an impact on the myofascial structures of the head and cervical spine. \u0000AIM. To determine the effectiveness of manual therapeutic use in patients with chronic tension headache. \u0000MATERIAL AND METHODS. The clinical study was conducted in the period from 2019 to 2021. The study involved 49 patients with chronic tension headache, who were divided into 2 groups: the main (37 participants) and control (12 participants). In the main group, patients received 3 manual therapy sessions. In the control group, patients received drug therapy. After 1month and 6 months, the intensity, frequency of headache, the amount of drugs taken, and the effect of headache on work ability were assessed. Statistical processing was performed using the IBM SPSS software. The Friedman test and the Kendall coefficient of concordance were used; the Wilcoxon test and signs were used for the significance of the shift. The results of the data were taken as significant at p 0.05. \u0000RESULTS. After the therapy in the main group of strong intensity headaches decreased 6 times (p 0.05). The number of patients with an insignificant effect of headache on work ability increased 2 times (p 0.05), there were patients (21.6%) whose headache did not influence with their ability to work, while the differences were significant (p 0.05).There was a decrease in the frequency of headache attacks in more than half of the patients (62%) and for 4 times decrease of the number of painkillers (p 0.01). There were no significant changes in the incidence and intensity of headache in the control group. \u0000CONCLUSION. The use of manual therapy in patients with chronic tension headache reduces the frequency, intensity of headache, the amount of drugs used and the negative effect of headache on working capacity.","PeriodicalId":436189,"journal":{"name":"Neurology Bulletin","volume":"73 5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116376066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aleksandra A. Khomchenkova, S. Prokopenko, S. Ismailova
BACKGROUND. Hypomimia is a distinct symptom of Parkinsons disease manifested by reduced facial expression and slowness of movement in mimic muscles. Clinical aspects of this symptom remain underinvestigated to the date. AIM. Based on correlation analysis, to determine the association between hypomimia, general manifestations of hypokinesia and the quality of life in patients with Parkinsons disease as well as to evaluate the influence of therapy with L-DOPA pharmaceuticals on hypomimia. MATERIAL AND METHODS. Clinical aspects of hypomimia were studied in 30 patients with stage 1.53.0 PD according to Hoehn and Yahr Rating Scale. The mean age of the patients was 69. Analysis of hypomimia was carried out using a proprietary method of computer video-analysis of facial muscle movement in performance of 6 tests: smiling, drawing of the letter O, winking, eyebrow raising, frowning and text reading. The gait function was assessed using the laser analyser of kinematic parameters of gait. Mean step length, step time and gait velocity were evaluated. Manifestations of general hypokinesia were analysed via the Unified Parkinsons Disease Rating Scale licensed by the International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society. Statistical processing of the data was performed using the IBM SPSS Statistics 23 software package. The Wilcoxon test and the Spearmans correlation coefficient were used. The statistical significance level was set at p 0.05. RESULTS. The correlation between the degree of hypomimia and the severity of general hypokinesia has been confirmed, which determines the prospect in objective analysis of mimics as a possible screening test for general hypokinesia. We have obtained data confirming the association between hypomimia and general hypokinesia: in particular, step time, step length and gait velocity. CONCLUSION. While using the proprietary method of objective hypomimia diagnosis, we have revealed the presence of correlation between manifestations of hypomimia and general hypokinesia. Additionally, manifestations of hypomimia have been found to decrease against the background of dopaminergic therapy.
{"title":"Clinical aspects of hypomimia in Parkinson’s disease","authors":"Aleksandra A. Khomchenkova, S. Prokopenko, S. Ismailova","doi":"10.17816/nb89531","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/nb89531","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND. Hypomimia is a distinct symptom of Parkinsons disease manifested by reduced facial expression and slowness of movement in mimic muscles. Clinical aspects of this symptom remain underinvestigated to the date. \u0000AIM. Based on correlation analysis, to determine the association between hypomimia, general manifestations of hypokinesia and the quality of life in patients with Parkinsons disease as well as to evaluate the influence of therapy with L-DOPA pharmaceuticals on hypomimia. \u0000MATERIAL AND METHODS. Clinical aspects of hypomimia were studied in 30 patients with stage 1.53.0 PD according to Hoehn and Yahr Rating Scale. The mean age of the patients was 69. Analysis of hypomimia was carried out using a proprietary method of computer video-analysis of facial muscle movement in performance of 6 tests: smiling, drawing of the letter O, winking, eyebrow raising, frowning and text reading. The gait function was assessed using the laser analyser of kinematic parameters of gait. Mean step length, step time and gait velocity were evaluated. Manifestations of general hypokinesia were analysed via the Unified Parkinsons Disease Rating Scale licensed by the International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society. Statistical processing of the data was performed using the IBM SPSS Statistics 23 software package. The Wilcoxon test and the Spearmans correlation coefficient were used. The statistical significance level was set at p 0.05. \u0000RESULTS. The correlation between the degree of hypomimia and the severity of general hypokinesia has been confirmed, which determines the prospect in objective analysis of mimics as a possible screening test for general hypokinesia. We have obtained data confirming the association between hypomimia and general hypokinesia: in particular, step time, step length and gait velocity. \u0000CONCLUSION. While using the proprietary method of objective hypomimia diagnosis, we have revealed the presence of correlation between manifestations of hypomimia and general hypokinesia. Additionally, manifestations of hypomimia have been found to decrease against the background of dopaminergic therapy.","PeriodicalId":436189,"journal":{"name":"Neurology Bulletin","volume":"17 13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125616827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The article analyzes the modern approach to hysteria and dissociative (conversion) disorders. The validity of their inclusion in the psychiatric or neurological section of disease classifications is assessed. Particular attention is paid to the diagnosis of functional neurological disorder, which is included in some classification systems. From the standpoint of scientific validity, the need for a neurological approach to the diagnosis and treatment of dissociative disorders is discussed.
{"title":"Patient with functional disorder between psychiatry and neurology","authors":"V. Mendelevich","doi":"10.17816/nb101756","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/nb101756","url":null,"abstract":"The article analyzes the modern approach to hysteria and dissociative (conversion) disorders. The validity of their inclusion in the psychiatric or neurological section of disease classifications is assessed. Particular attention is paid to the diagnosis of functional neurological disorder, which is included in some classification systems. From the standpoint of scientific validity, the need for a neurological approach to the diagnosis and treatment of dissociative disorders is discussed.","PeriodicalId":436189,"journal":{"name":"Neurology Bulletin","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128445903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BACKGROUND. To this day, relatively little is known about the specifics and mechanisms by which psychological factors, such as a general tendency to anger and the style of expressing anger, can be associated with pro-inflammatory processes and visceral hypersensitivity, which contribute to the appearance of signs of irritable bowel syndrome and lead to its refractory course. AIM. The purpose of the work. to identify the specifics of differences in the presence and severity of depression, anxiety, anger expression and satisfaction with the quality of life in women (average age 39.210.6) with refractory IBS of constipated, diarrheal and mixed types (duration of the disease 33.848.1 months), based on the hypothesis that women with different types of IBS may have different styles of expressing negative emotions (for example, anger) and ways of controlling behavior. MATERIAL AND METHODS. PHQ-15 Patient Health Questionnaire-15; GAD-7 General Anxiety Disorder-7; PHQ-9 Patient Health Questionnaire-9; IBS-QOL Irritable Bowel Syndrome Quality of Life; STAXI StateTrait Anger Expression Inventory. RESULTS. Correlations between subtypes of IBS and negative aspects of the emotional sphere are observed and it is shown that subtypes of IBS-C and IBS-D demonstrate affective profiles characterized by a higher level of anxiety, depression and changes in the expression of anger with difficulties of expression both verbally and nonverbally. All types are characterized by autoaggression, suppression of anger, but these aspects are more pronounced in IBS-D and IBS-C. There is intense control of anger expression. With IBS-C and IBS-M, there is greater control over the expression of anger externally than with IBS-D. Women with IBS-C have more pronounced indicators of anger as a mental state. There are difficulties in verbal expression of anger, hetero- and autoaggression. Anger is a trait of character and is included in the structure of temperament. Women with IBS-D have pronounced indicators of anger as a reaction to a current life event, autoaggression, anger control inside. The level of affect somatization, the presence and severity of generalized anxiety disorder, depression, changes in life satisfaction are among the predictors that determine both the level of anger and the ways of its expression. CONCLUSION. Intestinal motility can be considered as an indicator of behavior control, as an indicator of the regulatory function of the patient, the intensity of affective involvement in a particular situation. Changes in the cognitive, emotional and executive components of the mental organization play only a significant role in the refractory course of IBS.
{"title":"The specifics of emotional dysregulation in women with various types of irritable bowel syndrome","authors":"Aleksey I. Melehin","doi":"10.17816/nb90457","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/nb90457","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND. To this day, relatively little is known about the specifics and mechanisms by which psychological factors, such as a general tendency to anger and the style of expressing anger, can be associated with pro-inflammatory processes and visceral hypersensitivity, which contribute to the appearance of signs of irritable bowel syndrome and lead to its refractory course. \u0000AIM. The purpose of the work. to identify the specifics of differences in the presence and severity of depression, anxiety, anger expression and satisfaction with the quality of life in women (average age 39.210.6) with refractory IBS of constipated, diarrheal and mixed types (duration of the disease 33.848.1 months), based on the hypothesis that women with different types of IBS may have different styles of expressing negative emotions (for example, anger) and ways of controlling behavior. \u0000MATERIAL AND METHODS. PHQ-15 Patient Health Questionnaire-15; GAD-7 General Anxiety Disorder-7; PHQ-9 Patient Health Questionnaire-9; IBS-QOL Irritable Bowel Syndrome Quality of Life; STAXI StateTrait Anger Expression Inventory. \u0000RESULTS. Correlations between subtypes of IBS and negative aspects of the emotional sphere are observed and it is shown that subtypes of IBS-C and IBS-D demonstrate affective profiles characterized by a higher level of anxiety, depression and changes in the expression of anger with difficulties of expression both verbally and nonverbally. All types are characterized by autoaggression, suppression of anger, but these aspects are more pronounced in IBS-D and IBS-C. There is intense control of anger expression. With IBS-C and IBS-M, there is greater control over the expression of anger externally than with IBS-D. Women with IBS-C have more pronounced indicators of anger as a mental state. There are difficulties in verbal expression of anger, hetero- and autoaggression. Anger is a trait of character and is included in the structure of temperament. Women with IBS-D have pronounced indicators of anger as a reaction to a current life event, autoaggression, anger control inside. The level of affect somatization, the presence and severity of generalized anxiety disorder, depression, changes in life satisfaction are among the predictors that determine both the level of anger and the ways of its expression. \u0000CONCLUSION. Intestinal motility can be considered as an indicator of behavior control, as an indicator of the regulatory function of the patient, the intensity of affective involvement in a particular situation. Changes in the cognitive, emotional and executive components of the mental organization play only a significant role in the refractory course of IBS.","PeriodicalId":436189,"journal":{"name":"Neurology Bulletin","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123541940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Anastasiia E. Abdrakmanova, I. S. Efremov, T. R. Gizatullin, A. Asadullin
The article presents materials from Russian and foreign literature indicating the similarity between certain types of behavior in social networks and addictive behavior, as well as demonstrating the negative consequences of problematic use of social networks for the physical, mental and social well-being of users. Biological, personal and social factors predisposing to problematic use of social networks are considered. The data on the comorbidity of social media addiction with other types of addiction behavior and mental disorders, such as technological, eating, consumer addiction, depression, mania, anxiety disorder, episodes of psychotic-like experiences are presented.
{"title":"Dysfunctional use of social networks: can we talk about addiction?","authors":"Anastasiia E. Abdrakmanova, I. S. Efremov, T. R. Gizatullin, A. Asadullin","doi":"10.17816/nb99931","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/nb99931","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents materials from Russian and foreign literature indicating the similarity between certain types of behavior in social networks and addictive behavior, as well as demonstrating the negative consequences of problematic use of social networks for the physical, mental and social well-being of users. Biological, personal and social factors predisposing to problematic use of social networks are considered. The data on the comorbidity of social media addiction with other types of addiction behavior and mental disorders, such as technological, eating, consumer addiction, depression, mania, anxiety disorder, episodes of psychotic-like experiences are presented.","PeriodicalId":436189,"journal":{"name":"Neurology Bulletin","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122293871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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