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Gadamer’s Philosophical Hermeneutics on Religious Language and COVID-19 伽达默尔关于宗教语言与新冠肺炎的哲学解释学
IF 0.3 4区 社会学 0 PHILOSOPHY Pub Date : 2022-09-13 DOI: 10.6001/fil-soc.v33i3.4780
Ilyas Supena
Philosophical hermeneutics is a style of hermeneutics that focuses on the ontology of understanding and interpretation. One of the leading exponents of philosophical hermeneutics is Hans-Georg Gadamer. Gadamer explained that the prejudice and historical aspects that accept the dialectics of the past, the present and the future are crucial in understanding religious language related to COVID-19. This concept then underlies Gadamer’s thoughts on the idea of the fusion of horizon. This idea indicates that understanding religious texts must be done by bringing together the text’s horizon, author and reader to reach a meaningful knowledge in interpreting a text. Suppose this view applies in understanding religious language related to the COVID-19 pandemic protocol. In that case, interpreter must consider all dimensions associated with the social situation to find a substantive meaning and a complete understanding of all dimensions related to the interpreter’s current position to apply the substantive meaning contextually in actual cases.
哲学解释学是一种关注理解和解释本体论的解释学流派。哲学解释学的主要代表之一是汉斯-乔治·伽达默尔。伽达默尔解释说,接受过去、现在和未来辩证法的偏见和历史方面对于理解与COVID-19相关的宗教语言至关重要。这个概念是伽达默尔关于视界融合思想的基础。这一观点表明,理解宗教文本必须将文本的视界、作者和读者结合起来,才能在解读文本时获得有意义的知识。假设这一观点适用于理解与COVID-19大流行协议相关的宗教语言。在这种情况下,口译员必须考虑与社会情境相关的所有维度,以找到实质性意义,并对口译员当前位置相关的所有维度进行全面了解,以便将实质性意义应用于实际情况。
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引用次数: 1
Social Simulation as a Prognostic Tool for Communication Processes: Theoretical and Philosophical Perspectives 社会模拟作为沟通过程的预测工具:理论和哲学观点
IF 0.3 4区 社会学 0 PHILOSOPHY Pub Date : 2022-09-13 DOI: 10.6001/fil-soc.v33i3.4769
Jovilė Barevičiūtė, Vaida Asakavičiūtė
The article presents social simulation from theoretical and philosophical perspectives as a prognostic tool for researching, analysing and anticipating communication and other processes in social environments. The first part discusses the phenomena of ontological and epistemological simulation, treating social simulation processes as epistemological ones. The second part analyses the attitude of the French sociologist and media philosopher Jean Baudrillard towards social simulation, which he himself treats as ontological one. The counterarguments to introduce Baudrillard’s unidentified distinction between ontological and epistemological simulation processes are presented. The third part deals with the principles of the functioning of social simulations as a prognostic tool and provides analytical possibilities for various social environments, communication and other processes. At the end of the article, it is concluded that Baudrillard’s concept of ontological simulation, which annihilates classical Western metaphysics, erroneously reduces the difference between ontos and epistēmē.
本文从理论和哲学的角度介绍了社会模拟作为一种预测工具,用于研究、分析和预测社会环境中的交流和其他过程。第一部分讨论了本体论模拟和认识论模拟现象,将社会模拟过程视为认识论模拟过程。第二部分分析了法国社会学家、媒介哲学家让·鲍德里亚对社会模拟的态度,他本人认为社会模拟是本体论的模拟。介绍鲍德里亚的本体论和认识论模拟过程的不明区分的反驳提出。第三部分涉及社会模拟作为预测工具的功能原理,并为各种社会环境,沟通和其他过程提供分析可能性。在文章的最后,我们得出结论,鲍德里亚的本体论模拟概念错误地缩小了本体与epistēmē之间的区别,这一概念消灭了西方古典形而上学。
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引用次数: 1
The Body in Religious Media Ecologies: The Case of Subaltern Latino Counterpublics 宗教媒体生态中的身体:下层拉丁裔反公众的案例
IF 0.3 4区 社会学 0 PHILOSOPHY Pub Date : 2022-09-13 DOI: 10.6001/fil-soc.v33i3.4768
Mariano Navarro, Mindaugas Briedis
This paper explores the body-schematic and body-imaginative processes that underlie individuals’ participation in the public sphere via religious media ecologies. Utilising embodied cognition and social critique, the authors outline how subaltern counterpublics make use of the body to enact micro-oppositions to mainstream discourses. The paper also discloses the origins of higher objectivities (identity, sense of togetherness, justice, plausibility, opposition and openness) in embodiment. Discussing counterpublics through the prism of embodied cognition, as found in Latin religious media ecologies, constitutes a valuable alternative to the logocentric understanding of public consent. While the dominant discourse privileges abstract formal cognition, Latino subalterns use bodily, affective and enactive affordances given by religious media ecologies. The latter offer affordances and alternative strategies for enacting social imagination, bridging the personal and the public in physically choreographed joint intentions. Embodied participation suggests a constitutive process of public meaning that makes use of the body as the most fundamental medium of communication.
本文探讨了个体通过宗教媒介生态参与公共领域的身体图式和身体想象过程。利用具身认知和社会批判,作者概述了下层反公众如何利用身体制定对主流话语的微观反对。本文还揭示了高等客观客体(同一性、归属感、正义性、似然性、对立性和开放性)在体现上的渊源。通过具身认知的棱镜来讨论反公众,正如在拉丁宗教媒体生态中发现的那样,构成了对公众同意的意义中心理解的有价值的替代方案。当主流话语赋予抽象的形式认知特权时,拉丁裔次等人则使用宗教媒体生态赋予的身体、情感和行动能力。后者为实现社会想象提供了支持和替代策略,在精心设计的共同意图中架起了个人和公众的桥梁。具身参与是一种公共意义的建构过程,它以身体作为最基本的交流媒介。
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引用次数: 1
Interconnections of Creative and Social Capital 创造性和社会资本的相互联系
IF 0.3 4区 社会学 0 PHILOSOPHY Pub Date : 2022-09-13 DOI: 10.6001/fil-soc.v33i3.4778
Karolina Lacytė
The article examines social and creative capitals and their interconnections. Some authors observe similarities in them as well as areas where they complement each other. Other authors argue that social and creative capitals are still mutually exclusive and cannot be compared. The article analyses various aspects of social and creative capital, searches for similarities and differences between them, and reviews measurement methodologies and issues related to the reliability of measurement indices and criteria. All this is analysed in the context of the creative society.
本文考察了社会资本和创造性资本及其相互联系。一些作者观察到它们的相似之处,以及它们相互补充的地方。其他作者认为,社会资本和创造性资本仍然是相互排斥的,无法进行比较。本文分析了社会资本和创新资本的各个方面,寻找它们之间的异同,并回顾了测量方法以及与测量指标和标准的可靠性有关的问题。所有这些都是在创造性社会的背景下进行分析的。
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引用次数: 1
Modern National Identity and Patriotism 现代民族认同与爱国主义
IF 0.3 4区 社会学 0 PHILOSOPHY Pub Date : 2022-09-13 DOI: 10.6001/fil-soc.v33i3.4772
Vaida Nedzinskaitė-Mitkė, Nerijus Stasiulis
This article examines the national identity and the nature of patriotic attitudes of individuals with respect to their nation-state. It discusses the dialectic between the nation as a living community and the nation as an organisation based on abstract principles and situates the modern individual with its (non)patriotic attitudes in this dialectic. It seeks to unravel the complex relation between the modern individual consciousness and the modern experience of community and, by juxtaposing the classical and liberal nationalism and communitarianism, to examine the origin of modern national identity. The investigation is informed by the ontological notion of a relation between unity and plurality.
本文考察了民族认同和个人对民族国家的爱国态度的本质。它以抽象原则为基础,讨论了作为生活共同体的民族与作为组织的民族之间的辩证关系,并将现代个人及其(非)爱国态度置于这种辩证关系中。它试图解开现代个人意识和现代社区经验之间的复杂关系,并通过并列古典和自由民族主义和社区主义,来检查现代民族身份的起源。调查是由统一性和多元性之间的关系的本体论概念通知。
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引用次数: 2
It Spreads Like a Disease – Pandemics and Conspiracy Theories 它像疾病一样传播——流行病和阴谋论
IF 0.3 4区 社会学 0 PHILOSOPHY Pub Date : 2022-09-13 DOI: 10.6001/fil-soc.v33i3.4781
Alfredas Buiko, Julita Slipkauskaitė
This paper analyses what kind of conspiracy theories are generated because of the emergence and spread of diseases. Conspiracy theory narratives that are generated during the different kinds of pandemics – cholera, AIDS and COVID-19 – are described and analysed, with special attention given to COVID-19 conspiracy theories. We raise a conceptual issue for further research indicating that the disease-related conspiracies do not perfectly square with the current psychological interpretations of conspiracy beliefs.
本文分析了由于疾病的出现和传播产生了什么样的阴谋论。在不同类型的流行病(霍乱、艾滋病和COVID-19)期间产生的阴谋论叙述进行了描述和分析,特别关注COVID-19阴谋论。我们提出了一个概念性的问题,进一步的研究表明,疾病相关的阴谋并不完全符合目前的阴谋信念的心理学解释。
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引用次数: 2
Monographic Research and its Place in Lithuanian Sociology 专题研究及其在立陶宛社会学中的地位
IF 0.3 4区 社会学 0 PHILOSOPHY Pub Date : 2022-06-04 DOI: 10.6001/fil-soc.v33i2.4718
Lilija Kublickienė, A. Žvinklienė
The article defines the concept of the monographic method and presents the development of the emergence and evolution of monographic research. The contribution of such key representatives of these studies as Frédéric Le Play, Dimitrie Gusti and Franciszek Bujak to the science of sociology is reviewed. Attention is also paid to the place of monographic research in Lithuanian sociology, stating that Lithuania has its own history of monographic research, but this research does not fall within the focus of sociologists’ analysis. The article argues the importance of academic discussions in order to legitimise monographic research in Lithuanian sociology, which would create opportunities to expand the scope of works to be included in the history of sociology and look at Lithuanian rural research in the context of a common European tradition.
本文对专题研究方法的概念进行了界定,并介绍了专题研究的产生和演变过程。本文回顾了这些研究的主要代表,如fracimdsamric Le Play, Dimitrie Gusti和Franciszek Bujak对社会学的贡献。文章还关注了专题研究在立陶宛社会学中的地位,指出立陶宛有自己的专题研究历史,但这一研究并不属于社会学家分析的重点。这篇文章认为学术讨论的重要性是为了使立陶宛社会学的专题研究合法化,这将创造机会扩大作品的范围,纳入社会学历史,并在欧洲共同传统的背景下审视立陶宛农村研究。
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引用次数: 0
Measuring Social Embeddedness of Older Adults 测量老年人的社会嵌入性
IF 0.3 4区 社会学 0 PHILOSOPHY Pub Date : 2022-06-04 DOI: 10.6001/fil-soc.v33i2.4719
S. Mikulionienė, Inga Gaižauskaitė, Ramunė Dirvanskienė
In an ageing society facing challenges for the sustainable well-being of older adults, there has been an increasing focus on the potential of soft power in recent years. Like economic and structural, social indicators can become integral indicators of older generations’ well-being. This study aims to propose a construct of the social embeddedness of older adults and its measurement tool, based on a critical review of the literature and the results of an original empirical study, to fill the knowledge gap in current statistics in the field. A critical review of the literature has disclosed that, despite many studies done, we do not have a methodological tool suitable for revealing patterns of social ties specific to older adults. The results of an empirical study of the population aged 50 and over in Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia (N = 2015) showed that the social embeddedness of older people in the Baltics is composed of these domains: socialisation with descendants, nonfamily and outside home – together named as social participation; civic participation and sense of belonging. Future research should look at ways to shorten this scale to adapt it to the needs of practical use.
在老龄化社会中,老年人的可持续福祉面临挑战,近年来,人们越来越关注软实力的潜力。与经济和结构指标一样,社会指标可以成为老一代福祉的综合指标。本研究旨在通过对相关文献的批判性回顾和实证研究的结果,提出一个老年人社会嵌入性的结构及其测量工具,以填补该领域目前统计的知识空白。对文献的批判性回顾表明,尽管进行了许多研究,但我们没有一种方法工具适合揭示老年人特有的社会关系模式。对立陶宛、拉脱维亚和爱沙尼亚50岁及以上人口(N = 2015)的实证研究结果表明,波罗的海国家老年人的社会嵌入性由以下领域组成:与后代、非家庭和家庭以外的社会化——统称为社会参与;公民参与和归属感。未来的研究应该着眼于如何缩短这个尺度,使其适应实际使用的需要。
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引用次数: 0
Migration to the EU: Some Aspects of Georgian Population Attitude and Baltic States Experience 向欧盟移民:格鲁吉亚人口态度和波罗的海国家经验的某些方面
IF 0.3 4区 社会学 0 PHILOSOPHY Pub Date : 2022-06-04 DOI: 10.6001/fil-soc.v33i2.4711
Tamar Mermanishvili
Migration is one of important aspects of modern global world development, that includes many interrelated factors such as political, economic, social, cultural, etc. With recent trends, international migration is on the rise. Georgia has experienced a significant outflow of population caused by a sharp economic decline since the collapse of the Soviet Union in early 90s of 20th century. Many Georgian citizens migrated to the EU as labour migrants. After gaining the visa-free regime with the EU in 2017, the migration of Georgian citizens to the EU has increased. The reasons for emigration and immigration in Georgia do not differ from the rest of the world and are mainly caused by economic nature. The article presents the analysis and conclusions based on recent data gained by means of the sociological survey, which proves that the attitudes of Georgians towards migration mainly coincide with the approaches of Baltic States’ citizens. The survey results confirm that the experience of the Baltic States is valuable for Georgia. The outcomes demonstrate that it is more productive for Georgia to encourage the circular migration, which means promoting the employment of Georgian workers in the host countries, and later to support and facilitate their subsequent return to Georgia in order to apply the work experience and skills acquired abroad in Georgia.
移民是现代全球世界发展的重要方面之一,它包括许多相互关联的因素,如政治、经济、社会、文化等。根据最近的趋势,国际移民正在增加。自20世纪90年代初苏联解体以来,由于经济急剧衰退,格鲁吉亚经历了大量人口外流。许多格鲁吉亚公民作为劳工移民移民到欧盟。自2017年与欧盟获得免签证制度以来,格鲁吉亚公民前往欧盟的移民人数有所增加。格鲁吉亚移民和移民的原因与世界其他地区没有什么不同,主要是由经济性质引起的。本文根据最近通过社会学调查获得的数据进行分析和得出结论,证明格鲁吉亚人对移民的态度与波罗的海国家公民的态度基本一致。调查结果证实,波罗的海国家的经验对格鲁吉亚是宝贵的。结果表明,对格鲁吉亚来说,鼓励循环移民更有成效,这意味着促进格鲁吉亚工人在东道国的就业,然后支持和促进他们随后返回格鲁吉亚,以便在格鲁吉亚应用在国外获得的工作经验和技能。
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引用次数: 0
Political Communication of Creative Society in Lithuania: Sociological Aspects 立陶宛创造性社会的政治传播:社会学方面
IF 0.3 4区 社会学 0 PHILOSOPHY Pub Date : 2022-06-04 DOI: 10.6001/fil-soc.v33i2.4712
Aurimas Venckūnas
The aim of the article is to analyse the sociological aspects of political communication of creative society in Lithuania, that is to calculate (using official statistics) the approximate quantity of a creative class in nowadays society (in Lithuania and in some countries of the world: the European Union’s average of 27 countries, the USA, Canada, Russia; China still does not have such statistics). The research showed that in the nowadays society (that could be called creative society), the representatives of creative class make not less than 25–30% of all employees in that country (using official statistics, and namely, the economic activity classification ‘NACE Rev. 2’ and its analogues in other countries, in the section level, the creative class is calculated as the sum of the most suitable economic activities: J, K, L, M, P, Q, R). Moreover, the research showed that the quantity of creative class in the nowadays society was constantly increasing – by 3% on the average in every 10 years (estimating official statistics for the period of 1990–2020 where available). The article is based on the results of the doctoral dissertation prepared by the author.
本文的目的是分析立陶宛创意社会政治传播的社会学方面,即计算(使用官方统计)当今社会中创意阶层的大致数量(在立陶宛和世界上一些国家:欧盟27个国家的平均水平,美国,加拿大,俄罗斯;中国仍然没有这样的统计数据)。研究表明,在当今社会(可称为创意社会)中,创意阶层的代表不低于该国所有雇员的25-30%(使用官方统计数据,即经济活动分类“NACE Rev. 2”及其在其他国家的类似物),在部门层面,创意阶层被计算为最合适的经济活动的总和:J, K, L, M, P, Q, R)。此外,研究表明,当今社会创意阶层的数量在不断增加——平均每10年增长3%(估计1990-2020年期间的官方统计数据)。这篇文章是基于作者准备的博士论文的结果。
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引用次数: 0
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Filosofija-Sociologija
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