Pub Date : 2023-11-06DOI: 10.6001/fil-soc.2023.34.4priedas.special-issue.2
Arūnas Poviliūnas, Ieva Adomaitytė-Subačienė
Socialinio darbo teoretikai sutinka, kad Pierre’o Bourdieu sociologijos įtaka sociali niam darbui plečiasi ir gilėja. Kita vertus, kai kalbama apie socialinio darbo profesiją, tie patys teoretikai ignoruoja P. Bourdieu nuostatą nuo profesijos tyrimų pereiti prie profesinio lauko analizės. P. Bourdieu profesijos fenomeną laikė biurokratinės pri gimties konceptualizacija, kuri įtvirtina mokslinio mąstymo logikai prieštaraujančias heteronomijos apraiškas. Straipsnyje siekiama įgyvendinti P. Bourdieu reikalavimą ir, pritaikius jį socialiniam darbui, nuo socialinio darbo profesijos analizės pereiti prie socialinio darbo profesinio lauko tyrimų. Straipsnyje ieškome atsakymo į klausimą, kaip keičiasi su socialiniu darbu siejamų veiklos formų arba praktikų traktavimas, kai socialinio darbo profesijos analizę keičia socialinio darbo lauko tyrimas. Palyginę trijų skirtingų šalių – JAV, Japonijos ir Lietuvos – socialinio darbo profesinės veiklos lau kus, priėjome prie išvados, kad profesinio lauko, kitaip nei profesijos, požiūris sudaro prielaidas įtraukti į socialinio darbo lauką tas socialinio įgalinimo praktikas, kurios, socialinio darbo profesijos požiūriu, lieka anapus biurokratinio socialinio darbo reg lamento.
{"title":"Nuo socialinio darbo profesijos link socialinio darbo profesinės veiklos lauko analizės","authors":"Arūnas Poviliūnas, Ieva Adomaitytė-Subačienė","doi":"10.6001/fil-soc.2023.34.4priedas.special-issue.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6001/fil-soc.2023.34.4priedas.special-issue.2","url":null,"abstract":"
 
 
 Socialinio darbo teoretikai sutinka, kad Pierre’o Bourdieu sociologijos įtaka sociali niam darbui plečiasi ir gilėja. Kita vertus, kai kalbama apie socialinio darbo profesiją, tie patys teoretikai ignoruoja P. Bourdieu nuostatą nuo profesijos tyrimų pereiti prie profesinio lauko analizės. P. Bourdieu profesijos fenomeną laikė biurokratinės pri gimties konceptualizacija, kuri įtvirtina mokslinio mąstymo logikai prieštaraujančias heteronomijos apraiškas. Straipsnyje siekiama įgyvendinti P. Bourdieu reikalavimą ir, pritaikius jį socialiniam darbui, nuo socialinio darbo profesijos analizės pereiti prie socialinio darbo profesinio lauko tyrimų. Straipsnyje ieškome atsakymo į klausimą, kaip keičiasi su socialiniu darbu siejamų veiklos formų arba praktikų traktavimas, kai socialinio darbo profesijos analizę keičia socialinio darbo lauko tyrimas. Palyginę trijų skirtingų šalių – JAV, Japonijos ir Lietuvos – socialinio darbo profesinės veiklos lau kus, priėjome prie išvados, kad profesinio lauko, kitaip nei profesijos, požiūris sudaro prielaidas įtraukti į socialinio darbo lauką tas socialinio įgalinimo praktikas, kurios, socialinio darbo profesijos požiūriu, lieka anapus biurokratinio socialinio darbo reg lamento.
 
 
","PeriodicalId":43648,"journal":{"name":"Filosofija-Sociologija","volume":"60 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135724027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Straipsnyje, remiantis tarptautinio jaunimo delinkvencijos ir viktimizacijos kiekybinio tyrimo ISRD, kuris Lietuvoje atliktas 2006 m., 2013 m. ir 2022 m., duomenimis, nagrinėjamas jaunuolių, gimusių po 1990-ųjų metų Lietuvoje, turtinio ir smurtinio pobūdžio delinkventinis elgesys. Keliant klausimą, kaip keitėsi šio pobūdžio delinkventinio elgesio dinamika, kiek ji atliepė registruotų nepilnamečių nusikalstamų veikų tendencijas bei kiek lytis išliko kaip delinkventinį elgesį diferencijuojantis veiksnys, straipsnyje lyginamos trijų amžiaus kohortų, jaunuolių, gimusių 1991–1993 m., 1998–2000 m. ir 2007–2009 m., apklausų duomenys. Tyrimo rezultatai atskleidė delinkventinio elgesio tarp kohortų skirtumus, o naujausio tyrimo rezultatai leidžia teigti, kad 2007–2009 m. gimusiųjų amžiaus kohortoje delinkventinis elgesys būdingas tiek vaikinams, tiek merginoms, ir šie jaunuoliai labiau pasižymi turtinio, o ne smurtinio pobūdžio delinkventiniu elgesiu.
{"title":"Jaunuolių delinkventinis elgesys Lietuvoje: ką atskleidžia naujas delinkvencijos ir viktimizacijos tyrimas?","authors":"Aušra Pocienė, Jolanta Aleknevičienė, Vaidas Kalpokas","doi":"10.6001/fil-soc.2023.34.4priedas.special-issue.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6001/fil-soc.2023.34.4priedas.special-issue.4","url":null,"abstract":"
 
 
 Straipsnyje, remiantis tarptautinio jaunimo delinkvencijos ir viktimizacijos kiekybinio tyrimo ISRD, kuris Lietuvoje atliktas 2006 m., 2013 m. ir 2022 m., duomenimis, nagrinėjamas jaunuolių, gimusių po 1990-ųjų metų Lietuvoje, turtinio ir smurtinio pobūdžio delinkventinis elgesys. Keliant klausimą, kaip keitėsi šio pobūdžio delinkventinio elgesio dinamika, kiek ji atliepė registruotų nepilnamečių nusikalstamų veikų tendencijas bei kiek lytis išliko kaip delinkventinį elgesį diferencijuojantis veiksnys, straipsnyje lyginamos trijų amžiaus kohortų, jaunuolių, gimusių 1991–1993 m., 1998–2000 m. ir 2007–2009 m., apklausų duomenys. Tyrimo rezultatai atskleidė delinkventinio elgesio tarp kohortų skirtumus, o naujausio tyrimo rezultatai leidžia teigti, kad 2007–2009 m. gimusiųjų amžiaus kohortoje delinkventinis elgesys būdingas tiek vaikinams, tiek merginoms, ir šie jaunuoliai labiau pasižymi turtinio, o ne smurtinio pobūdžio delinkventiniu elgesiu.
 
 
","PeriodicalId":43648,"journal":{"name":"Filosofija-Sociologija","volume":"116 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135724310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-06DOI: 10.6001/fil-soc.2023.34.4priedas.special-issue.3
Rūta Žiliukaitė
Pastaruoju metu pasaulyje vis labiau populiarėja laimės kaip atskiros socialinių tyrimų srities studijos, nes vis daugiau dėmesio skiriama gyvenimo kokybės aspektams. Mokslininkai sprendžia klausimus: kas lemia, kad žmonės jaučiasi laimingi; ar esame laimingi vienodai; ką tai atskleidžia apie mus kaip visuomenę; ar skirtingų kartų žmonėms laimė reiškia tuos pačius dalykus; ar laisvoje aukštesnio gerbūvio visuomenėje formuojasi laimingesnių žmonių karta.Šiame straipsnyje, pasitelkiant 1990, 1999, 2008 ir 2017 metų Europos vertybių tyrimo duomenis, analizuojama laimės lygio dinamika Lietuvoje, siekiant išsiaiškinti, kaip skirtingi sociodemografiniai ir kultūriniai veiksniai susirikiuoja į subjektyvios gerovės lygtį ir kaip tai susiję su gyventojų kartų kaita, ypatingą dėmesį skiriant vadinamosios Pirmosios nepriklausomybės kartos specifikai. Atlikta statistinė empirinių duomenų analizė atskleidė reikšmingus laimės jausenos skirtumus skirtingose Lietuvos gyventojų socialinėse kartose, net ir kontroliuojant kitus jai įtaką darančius veiksnius.
{"title":"Laisvi ir laimingi? Laimės dinamika Lietuvoje kartų kaitos perspektyvoje","authors":"Rūta Žiliukaitė","doi":"10.6001/fil-soc.2023.34.4priedas.special-issue.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6001/fil-soc.2023.34.4priedas.special-issue.3","url":null,"abstract":"Pastaruoju metu pasaulyje vis labiau populiarėja laimės kaip atskiros socialinių tyrimų srities studijos, nes vis daugiau dėmesio skiriama gyvenimo kokybės aspektams. Mokslininkai sprendžia klausimus: kas lemia, kad žmonės jaučiasi laimingi; ar esame laimingi vienodai; ką tai atskleidžia apie mus kaip visuomenę; ar skirtingų kartų žmonėms laimė reiškia tuos pačius dalykus; ar laisvoje aukštesnio gerbūvio visuomenėje formuojasi laimingesnių žmonių karta.Šiame straipsnyje, pasitelkiant 1990, 1999, 2008 ir 2017 metų Europos vertybių tyrimo duomenis, analizuojama laimės lygio dinamika Lietuvoje, siekiant išsiaiškinti, kaip skirtingi sociodemografiniai ir kultūriniai veiksniai susirikiuoja į subjektyvios gerovės lygtį ir kaip tai susiję su gyventojų kartų kaita, ypatingą dėmesį skiriant vadinamosios Pirmosios nepriklausomybės kartos specifikai. Atlikta statistinė empirinių duomenų analizė atskleidė reikšmingus laimės jausenos skirtumus skirtingose Lietuvos gyventojų socialinėse kartose, net ir kontroliuojant kitus jai įtaką darančius veiksnius.","PeriodicalId":43648,"journal":{"name":"Filosofija-Sociologija","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135724025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-06DOI: 10.6001/fil-soc.2023.34.4priedas.special-issue.5
Irena Juozeliūnienė, Irma Budginaitė-Mačkinė
Lietuvai atkūrus nepriklausomybę ir įstojus į Europos Sąjungą suaktyvėjo Lietuvos gyventojų judumas, kuris sudarė prielaidas naujoms veikloms, karjeros galimybėms ir šeiminio gyvenimo formoms. 1980–2000 m. gimusiųjų asmeninio gyvenimo planavimas vyko aplinkoje, kuri labai skyrėsi nuo jų tėvų asmeninį gyvenimą formavusios sovietmečio aplinkos. Dalyvavimas migraciniuose procesuose per tėvų, artimųjų arba asmenines patirtis formavo asmeninio gyvenimo lūkesčius ir elgseną, keliančius visuomenės nerimą dėl jaunų žmonių išvykimo iš Lietuvos ir šeiminių ryšių transformacijos mobilumo sąlygomis. Pasitelkiant Carol Smart (2007) asmeninio gyvenimo koncepcijoje pasiūlytas teorines idėjas apie socialinės aplinkos, kasdienių praktikų ir asmeninių projektų sąryšį, straipsnyje analizuojama, kaip globali migracija formuoja 1980–2000 m. gimusių ir nepriklausomoje Lietuvoje augusių asmenų migracinius ketinimus, susisaistymo su Lietuva ir šeiminio gyvenimo vaizdinius. Remiantis dviejų Lietuvos gyventojų reprezentatyvių apklausų bei migracinės patirties turinčių asmenų kvotinės apklausos duomenimis, surinktais įgyvendinant Lietuvos mokslo tarybos (LMT) finansuotus mokslininkų grupių projektus, statistinės analizės rezultatais, autorės nagrinėja, kaip jaunimas kuria ateities planus, kokia dalis jų svarsto išvykti iš šalies, kaip migracinės praktikos koreguoja šeiminio gyvenimo įsivaizdavimą. Straipsnyje atskleidžiama, kaip nepriklausomybės laikotarpiu susiformavusi atvira visuomenė ir mobili socialinė aplinka sukūrė prielaidas lanksčiam susisaistymui su savo kilmės šalimi ir savitam jaunų žmonių supratimui apie šeiminį gyvenimą.
{"title":"Gyvenantys mobiliame pasaulyje: 1980–2000 m. gimusiųjų migraciniai ketinimai ir šeiminio gyvenimo įsivaizdavimas","authors":"Irena Juozeliūnienė, Irma Budginaitė-Mačkinė","doi":"10.6001/fil-soc.2023.34.4priedas.special-issue.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6001/fil-soc.2023.34.4priedas.special-issue.5","url":null,"abstract":"Lietuvai atkūrus nepriklausomybę ir įstojus į Europos Sąjungą suaktyvėjo Lietuvos gyventojų judumas, kuris sudarė prielaidas naujoms veikloms, karjeros galimybėms ir šeiminio gyvenimo formoms. 1980–2000 m. gimusiųjų asmeninio gyvenimo planavimas vyko aplinkoje, kuri labai skyrėsi nuo jų tėvų asmeninį gyvenimą formavusios sovietmečio aplinkos. Dalyvavimas migraciniuose procesuose per tėvų, artimųjų arba asmenines patirtis formavo asmeninio gyvenimo lūkesčius ir elgseną, keliančius visuomenės nerimą dėl jaunų žmonių išvykimo iš Lietuvos ir šeiminių ryšių transformacijos mobilumo sąlygomis. Pasitelkiant Carol Smart (2007) asmeninio gyvenimo koncepcijoje pasiūlytas teorines idėjas apie socialinės aplinkos, kasdienių praktikų ir asmeninių projektų sąryšį, straipsnyje analizuojama, kaip globali migracija formuoja 1980–2000 m. gimusių ir nepriklausomoje Lietuvoje augusių asmenų migracinius ketinimus, susisaistymo su Lietuva ir šeiminio gyvenimo vaizdinius. Remiantis dviejų Lietuvos gyventojų reprezentatyvių apklausų bei migracinės patirties turinčių asmenų kvotinės apklausos duomenimis, surinktais įgyvendinant Lietuvos mokslo tarybos (LMT) finansuotus mokslininkų grupių projektus, statistinės analizės rezultatais, autorės nagrinėja, kaip jaunimas kuria ateities planus, kokia dalis jų svarsto išvykti iš šalies, kaip migracinės praktikos koreguoja šeiminio gyvenimo įsivaizdavimą. Straipsnyje atskleidžiama, kaip nepriklausomybės laikotarpiu susiformavusi atvira visuomenė ir mobili socialinė aplinka sukūrė prielaidas lanksčiam susisaistymui su savo kilmės šalimi ir savitam jaunų žmonių supratimui apie šeiminį gyvenimą.","PeriodicalId":43648,"journal":{"name":"Filosofija-Sociologija","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135724026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-06DOI: 10.6001/fil-soc.2023.34.4priedas.special-issue.1
Zenonas Norkus, Jurgita Markevičiūtė, Ola Grytten, Gatis Krūminš
We test the hypothesis that demographic continuity was a necessary condition of performable token post-communist social restorations. Demographic continuity means sufficient overlapping between populations of original and restored systems. Token social restoration refers to restorations where original and restored systems are identical. It is opposed to type restoration where original and restored systems are numerically different instances of the same type. The identity of original and restored systems in token restorations is achieved by performing various practices in the restored system to establish institutional continuity with the original system. The restitution of property rights is the most important of them in the post-communist restorations. So our hypothesis claims that these practices cannot be performed without sufficient demographic continuity. We abstract the demographic continuity thresholds by measuring shares of survivors from the precommunist times in the population of Baltic countries by 1990. Our data confirm the hypothesis as in none of post-communist countries with demographic continuity below these thresholds there was property rights restitution.
{"title":"Demographic Continuity as a Necessary Condition of Performable Post-communist Token Social Restorations","authors":"Zenonas Norkus, Jurgita Markevičiūtė, Ola Grytten, Gatis Krūminš","doi":"10.6001/fil-soc.2023.34.4priedas.special-issue.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6001/fil-soc.2023.34.4priedas.special-issue.1","url":null,"abstract":"We test the hypothesis that demographic continuity was a necessary condition of performable token post-communist social restorations. Demographic continuity means sufficient overlapping between populations of original and restored systems. Token social restoration refers to restorations where original and restored systems are identical. It is opposed to type restoration where original and restored systems are numerically different instances of the same type. The identity of original and restored systems in token restorations is achieved by performing various practices in the restored system to establish institutional continuity with the original system. The restitution of property rights is the most important of them in the post-communist restorations. So our hypothesis claims that these practices cannot be performed without sufficient demographic continuity. We abstract the demographic continuity thresholds by measuring shares of survivors from the precommunist times in the population of Baltic countries by 1990. Our data confirm the hypothesis as in none of post-communist countries with demographic continuity below these thresholds there was property rights restitution.","PeriodicalId":43648,"journal":{"name":"Filosofija-Sociologija","volume":"24 6","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135679512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-05DOI: 10.6001/fil-soc.2023.34.3.4
Linartas Tuomas
In this article, the notion of entropology introduced by Claude Lévi-Strauss is applied and developed in the context of Georges Bataille’s anthropological philosophy: Bataille’s project is defined as entropological. Four philosophical vectors are chosen for this: the theory of general economy, the concept of decay, the idea of extinction and the notion of inhumanism. The theory of general economy allows us to understand the immanent terrestrial nature of humanity and the negative – entropic – side of the capitalist economy. The concept of decay gives access to the thought of bodily disintegration and decomposition, which is temporality and mortality that split the subject. The idea of extinction speculates on the consequences of humanity’s destructiveness, libidinally charged inertia, and the extreme perspective of entropy’s impact on the planet. The notion of inhumanism suggests a radical rethinking of the human relationship with alienation and exteriority: Bataille’s philosophy is reinterpreted as inhumanist. I conclude that the Lévi-Strauss’s neologism – entropology – can be productively articulated and actualised within the framework of Bataille’s philosophy.
{"title":"Entropology in the Philosophy of Georges Bataille","authors":"Linartas Tuomas","doi":"10.6001/fil-soc.2023.34.3.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6001/fil-soc.2023.34.3.4","url":null,"abstract":"In this article, the notion of entropology introduced by Claude Lévi-Strauss is applied and developed in the context of Georges Bataille’s anthropological philosophy: Bataille’s project is defined as entropological. Four philosophical vectors are chosen for this: the theory of general economy, the concept of decay, the idea of extinction and the notion of inhumanism. The theory of general economy allows us to understand the immanent terrestrial nature of humanity and the negative – entropic – side of the capitalist economy. The concept of decay gives access to the thought of bodily disintegration and decomposition, which is temporality and mortality that split the subject. The idea of extinction speculates on the consequences of humanity’s destructiveness, libidinally charged inertia, and the extreme perspective of entropy’s impact on the planet. The notion of inhumanism suggests a radical rethinking of the human relationship with alienation and exteriority: Bataille’s philosophy is reinterpreted as inhumanist. I conclude that the Lévi-Strauss’s neologism – entropology – can be productively articulated and actualised within the framework of Bataille’s philosophy.","PeriodicalId":43648,"journal":{"name":"Filosofija-Sociologija","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84208413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-05DOI: 10.6001/fil-soc.2023.34.3.1
Inna Kovalenko, Y. Meliakova, E. Kalnytskyi, Ksenia Nesterenko
In this article, the object of research interest is the phenomenon of social control and the role of digital media in the process of digital surveillance. In the first part, the authors characterise the specifics of the panoptical and postpanoptical models of social control. The second part of the article explores the specifics of modern types of surveillance provided by digital media. It is shown that digital media extremely effectively modify communication systems, determine the main vectors of socio-cultural and personal development, and are also one of the key elements of the digital control system.
{"title":"Postpanopticon: Control and Media in the New Digital Reality","authors":"Inna Kovalenko, Y. Meliakova, E. Kalnytskyi, Ksenia Nesterenko","doi":"10.6001/fil-soc.2023.34.3.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6001/fil-soc.2023.34.3.1","url":null,"abstract":"In this article, the object of research interest is the phenomenon of social control and the role of digital media in the process of digital surveillance. In the first part, the authors characterise the specifics of the panoptical and postpanoptical models of social control. The second part of the article explores the specifics of modern types of surveillance provided by digital media. It is shown that digital media extremely effectively modify communication systems, determine the main vectors of socio-cultural and personal development, and are also one of the key elements of the digital control system.","PeriodicalId":43648,"journal":{"name":"Filosofija-Sociologija","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89633945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-05DOI: 10.6001/fil-soc.2023.34.3.8
Sandra Mockutė-Cicėnė, Viktorija Žilinskaitė-Vytė
The article analyses fashion as a reflex of philosophy of identity in everyday life. Contemporary fashion is not imaginable without postulation of national and/or regional identity. Worldly recognisable French, Italian and other regional fashions show a variety of models that have recognisability. Internationally recognisable as fashion that represents particular national identity it still can be seen as not the only possible its identity version. Contemporary variety in identity models in fashion design are reflecting identity models in general. Identity is understood as changeable and liquid that can reflect aspects of identity depending on participants of interaction. Fashion, differently, is a form of mass communication that does not change the message depending on the receiver.
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Pub Date : 2023-09-05DOI: 10.6001/fil-soc.2023.34.3.2
Paweł Bytniewski
I borrow part of the title of my paper from Susan Sontag. In 2003, a year before her death, Susan Sontag published an essay entitled Regarding the Pain of Others. There she takes up the subject of the moral significance of presenting the views of war, violent human death exposed to the lenses of cameras. Her approach to the contemporary issue of mediatisation through the image of the sight of human suffering provokes a question: Do we need teleethics today, the ethics of remote moral relations? Using the method of comparative analysis in the area of cultural determinants of ethics, I draw attention to the contemporary challenges that the culture of late modernity imposes on the morality of everyday life. My thesis is this: The images of human suffering provided by the media reveal the imperfection of our morality. As moral subjects, we are not prepared to respond to the suffering of human beings absent from face-to-face relationships. So, we need teleethics. The paper is devoted to this issue.
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Pub Date : 2023-09-05DOI: 10.6001/fil-soc.2023.34.3.7
Magdalena Mruszczyk
Phenomenology is one of the main currents of modern philosophy. Philosophers most often understand it from the perspective of Edmund Husserl’s (1859–1938) phenomenology as a concept of cognition and a method of viewing and describing what is directly given, i.e. a phenomenon. In addition, phenomenology is the fundamental science – prima philosophia that determines what and how is directly given. Roman Ingarden (1893–1970), a student of E. Husserl, was the first thinker in Poland who practiced philosophy in a phenomenological way. R. Ingarden contributed to the dissemination of Husserl’s phenomenology in Poland and became an outstanding phenomenologist who developed an original phenomenological path proposing a creative reception of his teacher’s thoughts between World Wars II and I. Inagrden’s phenomenological path was different from Husserl’s. While Husserl developed a transcendental-idealistic form of phenomenology, Ingarden did not wholly abandon the transcendental path but went toward realism. The Polish phenomenologist did not want to question his master’s concept of the transcendental Self but only wanted to find a place for this Self in the real world. Polish thinkers who further deepened the creative reception of Husserl’s phenomenology have always gathered around Ingarden. One such person was Anna-Teresa Tymieniecka (1923–2014). Their professor-student meeting occurred at the Jagiellonian University in Krakow just after the end of World War II. Husserl’s phenomenology inspired A.-T. Tymieniecka, but this was phenomenology understood by Ingarden, taking into account the realism of the world and the entire sphere of empiricism. We can assume that the scholar’s meeting with Ingarden allowed Tymieniecka to develop her phenomenological concept, which she called the concept of the phenomenology of life and the human creative condition. It is a phenomenology that rejects idealism and chooses the realism of the world and life in the cosmic dimension. The human being here is a living entity whose life is anchored in nature but ultimately evolves and develops in culture through scientific and technological activities. In this cosmological and dynamically changing perspective, the source experience of the subject – a living being – becomes the experience of being alive and living in the unity-of-erything-there-is-alive. Therefore, Tymieniecka rejected the primordial nature of the cognitive-constitutive act of the pure consciousness, which we deal with in classical phenomenology, favouring a creative act founded in man’s creative imagination and only secondarily reflected in the cognitive act. The Polish philosopher believed that only in such a case is there a possibility of freedom in the human world of life and, thus – authentic self-realisation and self-interpretation of man in existence.
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