Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1109/OCEANS.1985.1160121
S. Barsky
Organizations such as NOAA, the EPA, the Coast Guard, and commercial diving firms frequently find themselves in positions where divers may be exposed to hazardous chemicals or radioactive wastes. The key component of a safe system for this application are as follows: These components must combine to provide a system which offers the following: 1) economically acceptable 2) human engineered (diver comfort) 3) common availability of spare parts (off the shelf items) 4) technical support literature 5) designed for maintainability 6) ease of decontamination An evaluation of the specifications of the SuperLite-17/Viking system, which meets all of the above requirements, is the subject of this paper.
{"title":"Technical specifications of a system for contaminated water diving","authors":"S. Barsky","doi":"10.1109/OCEANS.1985.1160121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANS.1985.1160121","url":null,"abstract":"Organizations such as NOAA, the EPA, the Coast Guard, and commercial diving firms frequently find themselves in positions where divers may be exposed to hazardous chemicals or radioactive wastes. The key component of a safe system for this application are as follows: These components must combine to provide a system which offers the following: 1) economically acceptable 2) human engineered (diver comfort) 3) common availability of spare parts (off the shelf items) 4) technical support literature 5) designed for maintainability 6) ease of decontamination An evaluation of the specifications of the SuperLite-17/Viking system, which meets all of the above requirements, is the subject of this paper.","PeriodicalId":437366,"journal":{"name":"OCEANS '85 - Ocean Engineering and the Environment","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125319707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1109/OCEANS.1985.1160266
R. Earp
A Microprocessor Development System for the ROV CUDA (Computerized Underwater Data Acquisition) system is described. The Development System is an integrated collection of hardware and software components used to develop, test, and debug the CUDA WE 32100 microprocessor control system.
介绍了一种用于ROV CUDA(计算机水下数据采集)系统的微处理器开发系统。开发系统是硬件和软件组件的集成集合，用于开发、测试和调试CUDA WE 32100微处理器控制系统。
{"title":"A microprocessor development system for ROV CUDA","authors":"R. Earp","doi":"10.1109/OCEANS.1985.1160266","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANS.1985.1160266","url":null,"abstract":"A Microprocessor Development System for the ROV CUDA (Computerized Underwater Data Acquisition) system is described. The Development System is an integrated collection of hardware and software components used to develop, test, and debug the CUDA WE 32100 microprocessor control system.","PeriodicalId":437366,"journal":{"name":"OCEANS '85 - Ocean Engineering and the Environment","volume":"152 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116396493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1109/OCEANS.1985.1160100
J. Niedzwecki, M. Vargo
The development of knowledge-based expert systems for offshore scientific and engineering applications holds great promise for a wide variety of important problems. The problems range from technically complex and data intensive types to the more mundane logistics and scheduling problems. This relatively new computer based technology involves the development of sophisticated software incorporating the latest artificial intelligence technology. Expert advisor systems are designed to help less experienced personnel achieve a level of performance comparable to that of a human expert in the performance of a specialized task. Fundamental concepts, computer language requirements and overall system requirements are discussed. Specific problem areas in which the Ocean Drilling Program might benifit from the application of this new technology are presented.
{"title":"The Ocean Drilling Program VII: Expert systems for deepwater scientific drilling activities","authors":"J. Niedzwecki, M. Vargo","doi":"10.1109/OCEANS.1985.1160100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANS.1985.1160100","url":null,"abstract":"The development of knowledge-based expert systems for offshore scientific and engineering applications holds great promise for a wide variety of important problems. The problems range from technically complex and data intensive types to the more mundane logistics and scheduling problems. This relatively new computer based technology involves the development of sophisticated software incorporating the latest artificial intelligence technology. Expert advisor systems are designed to help less experienced personnel achieve a level of performance comparable to that of a human expert in the performance of a specialized task. Fundamental concepts, computer language requirements and overall system requirements are discussed. Specific problem areas in which the Ocean Drilling Program might benifit from the application of this new technology are presented.","PeriodicalId":437366,"journal":{"name":"OCEANS '85 - Ocean Engineering and the Environment","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122412550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1109/oceans.1985.1160092
E. Galerne
Thls paper deals with, the current challenqe of training personnel for positions in the offshore F X A 7 f ie lc . The p a p r descrlbes facility desiqn, curricul>m., teachng objectives and indxt ry ret-yirewnts. Currently, this is the only ccmmercial faci l i ry to t ra in incoming Frofessionals in this f ie ld . The xokibit ive costs, bcth direct and indirect, of "on-che ?ob trzinir,g" is examind a::d cs:ti-astci: t,:ith th i s t ra inxg P F G ? ~ ~ .
本文论述了目前海上fa7油田岗位人才培养面临的挑战。p - a - p - r描述了设施设计、课程设置。、教学目标和指标。目前，这是唯一的商业项目，我试图在这一领域的新专业人士。xokibit ive成本、bcth直接和间接的“on-che ? ob trzinir g”是灰阶::d cs: ti-astci: t, t i th is ra inxg P F g ?~ ~。
{"title":"ROV training","authors":"E. Galerne","doi":"10.1109/oceans.1985.1160092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/oceans.1985.1160092","url":null,"abstract":"Thls paper deals with, the current challenqe of training personnel for positions in the offshore F X A 7 f ie lc . The p a p r descrlbes facility desiqn, curricul>m., teachng objectives and indxt ry ret-yirewnts. Currently, this is the only ccmmercial faci l i ry to t ra in incoming Frofessionals in this f ie ld . The xokibit ive costs, bcth direct and indirect, of \"on-che ?ob trzinir,g\" is examind a::d cs:ti-astci: t,:ith th i s t ra inxg P F G ? ~ ~ .","PeriodicalId":437366,"journal":{"name":"OCEANS '85 - Ocean Engineering and the Environment","volume":"78 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122530253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1109/OCEANS.1985.1160255
W. Kroebel
This paper describes a new CTD sonde which has been tested in situ. The sonde's measuring resolution is equivalent to 1/2 LSB of a 16-18 bit converter. With this resolution, the sonde can record an accumulated value within a 1-5msec time interval, depending on the throw. The sonde is constructed such that an approx. 7 m/sec water flow through the sonde is in no way obstructed. This paper then describes a new and improved two-phase alternating voltage bridge, with which sensor values can be measured linearly at an interval of 2 m/sec with a resolution of 16-18 bit of the usual measuring range.
{"title":"Results from test trials with very fast measuring high precision CTD sonde for profiling speeds of up to 7-10 m/s","authors":"W. Kroebel","doi":"10.1109/OCEANS.1985.1160255","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANS.1985.1160255","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes a new CTD sonde which has been tested in situ. The sonde's measuring resolution is equivalent to 1/2 LSB of a 16-18 bit converter. With this resolution, the sonde can record an accumulated value within a 1-5msec time interval, depending on the throw. The sonde is constructed such that an approx. 7 m/sec water flow through the sonde is in no way obstructed. This paper then describes a new and improved two-phase alternating voltage bridge, with which sensor values can be measured linearly at an interval of 2 m/sec with a resolution of 16-18 bit of the usual measuring range.","PeriodicalId":437366,"journal":{"name":"OCEANS '85 - Ocean Engineering and the Environment","volume":"88 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114400694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1109/OCEANS.1985.1160134
R. Kozak, R. Partridge
The Tropical Ocean Global Atmosphere (TOGA) Program was started in January of 1985 as part of the World Climate Research Project (WCRP).It is designed to improve our understanding of events in the tropical oceans and global atmosphere that significantly influence predictability of seasonal to interannual climatic variations. To support TOGA, the National Data Buoy Center (NDBC) was assigned the responsibility of procuring, deploying, and maintaining a grid pattern of 50 drifting buoys throughout the oceans of the Southern Hemisphere. From October I984 through June 1985, NDBC deployed 64 buoys in the southern oceans. This paper describes the buoys, addresses the extensive logistics program necessary for worldwide deployment, and evaluates buoy performance.
{"title":"The role of drifting buoys in the Tropical Ocean global atmosphere (TOGA) program","authors":"R. Kozak, R. Partridge","doi":"10.1109/OCEANS.1985.1160134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANS.1985.1160134","url":null,"abstract":"The Tropical Ocean Global Atmosphere (TOGA) Program was started in January of 1985 as part of the World Climate Research Project (WCRP).It is designed to improve our understanding of events in the tropical oceans and global atmosphere that significantly influence predictability of seasonal to interannual climatic variations. To support TOGA, the National Data Buoy Center (NDBC) was assigned the responsibility of procuring, deploying, and maintaining a grid pattern of 50 drifting buoys throughout the oceans of the Southern Hemisphere. From October I984 through June 1985, NDBC deployed 64 buoys in the southern oceans. This paper describes the buoys, addresses the extensive logistics program necessary for worldwide deployment, and evaluates buoy performance.","PeriodicalId":437366,"journal":{"name":"OCEANS '85 - Ocean Engineering and the Environment","volume":"83 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128914778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1109/OCEANS.1985.1160104
P. Rabinowitz, L. Garrison, B. Harding, S. Herrig, R. Kidd, W. Merrell, R. Merrill, R. Olivas
The Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) commenced its field operations in January 1985. Texas A&M University (TAMU), as Science Operator, has as its ultimate task to collect cores from the floor of the oceans and to ensure that adequate scientific analyses are performed on those samples. The Science Operator implements the science plans, provides logistical and technical support for the shipboard science team, manages post-cruise activities and the long term curation and distribution of core samples, and coordinates, edits, and publishes the final research product. The scientific program uses a dynamically positioned commercial drillship, the JOIDES RESOLUTION, which has a much more expansive research and drilling facility than previously employed for scientific ocean drilling. TAMU receives scientific guidance from an international scientific organization called the Joint Oceanographic Institutions for Deep Earth Sampling (JOIDES). The primary scientific objectives of the ODP lie in studying the origin and evolution of the oceanic crust, the tectonic evolution of the continental margins, the origin and evolution of marine sedimentary sequences, studies of long term changes in the atmosphere, oceans, cryosphere, biosphere, and magnetic field, and in the development of new tools and technology for deep ocean exploration and drilling. This paper describes the future science plans and an overview of the Ocean Drilling Program.
{"title":"The Ocean Drilling Program I: Overview and science plans","authors":"P. Rabinowitz, L. Garrison, B. Harding, S. Herrig, R. Kidd, W. Merrell, R. Merrill, R. Olivas","doi":"10.1109/OCEANS.1985.1160104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANS.1985.1160104","url":null,"abstract":"The Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) commenced its field operations in January 1985. Texas A&M University (TAMU), as Science Operator, has as its ultimate task to collect cores from the floor of the oceans and to ensure that adequate scientific analyses are performed on those samples. The Science Operator implements the science plans, provides logistical and technical support for the shipboard science team, manages post-cruise activities and the long term curation and distribution of core samples, and coordinates, edits, and publishes the final research product. The scientific program uses a dynamically positioned commercial drillship, the JOIDES RESOLUTION, which has a much more expansive research and drilling facility than previously employed for scientific ocean drilling. TAMU receives scientific guidance from an international scientific organization called the Joint Oceanographic Institutions for Deep Earth Sampling (JOIDES). The primary scientific objectives of the ODP lie in studying the origin and evolution of the oceanic crust, the tectonic evolution of the continental margins, the origin and evolution of marine sedimentary sequences, studies of long term changes in the atmosphere, oceans, cryosphere, biosphere, and magnetic field, and in the development of new tools and technology for deep ocean exploration and drilling. This paper describes the future science plans and an overview of the Ocean Drilling Program.","PeriodicalId":437366,"journal":{"name":"OCEANS '85 - Ocean Engineering and the Environment","volume":"2012 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129451874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1109/OCEANS.1985.1160278
J. Flipse
Several reasons for the continuing reduction of activity in ocean mining are presented in the historic context of the 1965 to 1980 governmental, academic and industrial programs. The causes are identified as primarily economic with uncertainties raised by the Law of the Sea Treaty debate and political indecisiveness contributing to restriction of private sector investment. Revitalization of ocean mining is shown to depend upon the jettisoning of the outer Continental Shelf Lands Act, the development of a strong exploration data base by Government programs and sponsored research, and the marked improvement of the free world metals market. The inevitability of the eventual development of marine hard minerals is emphasized.
{"title":"Ocean mining - 1985","authors":"J. Flipse","doi":"10.1109/OCEANS.1985.1160278","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANS.1985.1160278","url":null,"abstract":"Several reasons for the continuing reduction of activity in ocean mining are presented in the historic context of the 1965 to 1980 governmental, academic and industrial programs. The causes are identified as primarily economic with uncertainties raised by the Law of the Sea Treaty debate and political indecisiveness contributing to restriction of private sector investment. Revitalization of ocean mining is shown to depend upon the jettisoning of the outer Continental Shelf Lands Act, the development of a strong exploration data base by Government programs and sponsored research, and the marked improvement of the free world metals market. The inevitability of the eventual development of marine hard minerals is emphasized.","PeriodicalId":437366,"journal":{"name":"OCEANS '85 - Ocean Engineering and the Environment","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130352507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1109/OCEANS.1985.1160301
M. Brody, H. Koch
This research identifies and analyzes student science knowledge of a current marine natural resource issue. The World Court U.S./Canadian Boundary Decision has received a great deal of news coverage, affected the lives of many people and reflects the dilemma of determining natural resource policy based on our understanding of marine systems. This study generated base line data on student science knowledge of 4th, 8th and 11th grades on this specific issue. A representative sample of public school students (n=226) from Maine were interviewed on marine science, natural resource and decision-making concepts. Student knowledge was assessed and classified according to correct concepts, missing concepts and misconceptions. Similarities and differences between grade levels were analyzed. This research project identifies student knowledge of marine science and natural resource concepts which affect learning. It helps define the relationships among scientific knowledge, student understanding and current natural resource issues. The results will lead to the design of a curriculum for teaching natural resource decision-making based on science concepts and people's understanding and beliefs. Student Knowledge of a Natural Resource Issue in the Gulf of Maine
{"title":"Student knowledge of a natural resource issue in the Gulf of Maine","authors":"M. Brody, H. Koch","doi":"10.1109/OCEANS.1985.1160301","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANS.1985.1160301","url":null,"abstract":"This research identifies and analyzes student science knowledge of a current marine natural resource issue. The World Court U.S./Canadian Boundary Decision has received a great deal of news coverage, affected the lives of many people and reflects the dilemma of determining natural resource policy based on our understanding of marine systems. This study generated base line data on student science knowledge of 4th, 8th and 11th grades on this specific issue. A representative sample of public school students (n=226) from Maine were interviewed on marine science, natural resource and decision-making concepts. Student knowledge was assessed and classified according to correct concepts, missing concepts and misconceptions. Similarities and differences between grade levels were analyzed. This research project identifies student knowledge of marine science and natural resource concepts which affect learning. It helps define the relationships among scientific knowledge, student understanding and current natural resource issues. The results will lead to the design of a curriculum for teaching natural resource decision-making based on science concepts and people's understanding and beliefs. Student Knowledge of a Natural Resource Issue in the Gulf of Maine","PeriodicalId":437366,"journal":{"name":"OCEANS '85 - Ocean Engineering and the Environment","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126989322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1109/OCEANS.1985.1160172
A. Farmanfarmaian, R. Socci, D. Barkalow, C. Park
Heavy metals comprise a major category of pollutants released into coastal waters from natural and man-made sources. They bind to and accumulate in marine organisms and amplify through the food chain. Their lethal doses and sublethal effects in different organisms have been studied. We have shown that among a series of heavy metal compounds tested, HgCl2and CH3HgCl inhibit the intestinal absorption of essential amino acids (e.g. leucine, isoleucine, methionine, lysine) in marine fish. HgCl2is the more potent inhibitor. We examined the interactions of Ca++, Mg++, Na+and Se4+with the HgCl2inhibitory effect. The results show that leucine transport requires Ca++, Mg++and Na+. Hg++severely inhibits this amino acid transport. The interaction between Hg++inhibition and the absence of Ca++, Mg++or Na+is neither additive nor synergistic; there is some inter-cation antagonism. Se4+causes a small inhibition which is additive to Hg++inhibition.
{"title":"Interaction of Hg, Ca, Mg, Na and Se with intestinal absorptive functions in marine fish","authors":"A. Farmanfarmaian, R. Socci, D. Barkalow, C. Park","doi":"10.1109/OCEANS.1985.1160172","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANS.1985.1160172","url":null,"abstract":"Heavy metals comprise a major category of pollutants released into coastal waters from natural and man-made sources. They bind to and accumulate in marine organisms and amplify through the food chain. Their lethal doses and sublethal effects in different organisms have been studied. We have shown that among a series of heavy metal compounds tested, HgCl<inf>2</inf>and CH<inf>3</inf>HgCl inhibit the intestinal absorption of essential amino acids (e.g. leucine, isoleucine, methionine, lysine) in marine fish. HgCl<inf>2</inf>is the more potent inhibitor. We examined the interactions of Ca<sup>++</sup>, Mg<sup>++</sup>, Na<sup>+</sup>and Se<sup>4+</sup>with the HgCl<inf>2</inf>inhibitory effect. The results show that leucine transport requires Ca<sup>++</sup>, Mg<sup>++</sup>and Na<sup>+</sup>. Hg<sup>++</sup>severely inhibits this amino acid transport. The interaction between Hg<sup>++</sup>inhibition and the absence of Ca<sup>++</sup>, Mg<sup>++</sup>or Na<sup>+</sup>is neither additive nor synergistic; there is some inter-cation antagonism. Se<sup>4+</sup>causes a small inhibition which is additive to Hg<sup>++</sup>inhibition.","PeriodicalId":437366,"journal":{"name":"OCEANS '85 - Ocean Engineering and the Environment","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123805256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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