Pub Date : 2023-12-18DOI: 10.29036/jots.v14i27.554
Lang Ngoc Duong, L. Pham, Thao Thi Phuong Hoang
The purpose of the study was to determine the motivations driving domestic tourists’ travel decisions to Vietnam’s Central Highlands. These motivations are categorized as originating from within the tourists themselves (push) and as being shaped by the attractiveness and external attributes of the tourist destination in the Central Highlands (pull). Additionally, the study aimed to examine how demographic factors such as gender and age influence these motives. To conduct this research, the authors gathered relevant studies and expert opinions to construct a research model. A total of 745 visitors were surveyed over a period of more than two months. The collected data was quantitatively analyzed using two tools: SPSS and AMOS. The findings indicated that three factors impact push motivation: personal factors, escapism, and knowledge and cultural experiences. Furthermore, three elements influence pull motivation: destination information and accessibility, the destination’s unique image, and personal factors. Gender and age exhibited significant effects on these aspects at various levels, except for males, who had no influence on the escapism factor. These findings provide valuable insights for the Central Highlands tourism sector, enabling tourism managers and stakeholders to adjust their services and marketing strategies to better cater to the preferences and demands of domestic visitors. Moreover, the outcomes of this study could be applied to other regions with similarities, such as the Northwest region of Vietnam, the mountainous areas of the central provinces of Vietnam (challenging regions with diverse ethnic minorities), or analogous areas worldwide.
{"title":"Applying Push and Pull Theory to Determine Domestic Visitors’ Tourism Motivations","authors":"Lang Ngoc Duong, L. Pham, Thao Thi Phuong Hoang","doi":"10.29036/jots.v14i27.554","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29036/jots.v14i27.554","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the study was to determine the motivations driving domestic tourists’ travel decisions to Vietnam’s Central Highlands. These motivations are categorized as originating from within the tourists themselves (push) and as being shaped by the attractiveness and external attributes of the tourist destination in the Central Highlands (pull). Additionally, the study aimed to examine how demographic factors such as gender and age influence these motives. To conduct this research, the authors gathered relevant studies and expert opinions to construct a research model. A total of 745 visitors were surveyed over a period of more than two months. The collected data was quantitatively analyzed using two tools: SPSS and AMOS. The findings indicated that three factors impact push motivation: personal factors, escapism, and knowledge and cultural experiences. Furthermore, three elements influence pull motivation: destination information and accessibility, the destination’s unique image, and personal factors. Gender and age exhibited significant effects on these aspects at various levels, except for males, who had no influence on the escapism factor. These findings provide valuable insights for the Central Highlands tourism sector, enabling tourism managers and stakeholders to adjust their services and marketing strategies to better cater to the preferences and demands of domestic visitors. Moreover, the outcomes of this study could be applied to other regions with similarities, such as the Northwest region of Vietnam, the mountainous areas of the central provinces of Vietnam (challenging regions with diverse ethnic minorities), or analogous areas worldwide.","PeriodicalId":43795,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tourism and Services","volume":"10 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139173534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-18DOI: 10.29036/jots.v14i27.647
Mohamed Abou-Shouk, Mohamed Bayoumy, Nidal Alzboun, Saleh Muhammad Zeki Al-Leheabi, M. Abdel-Jalil
COVID-19 has crucially changed the motivations, attitudes, and behaviours of travellers. This study explores the shifts in travel attitudes after the COVID-19 pandemic and how these changes affect the intention for upcoming travels. It investigates the moderating role of the traveller personality in forming the relationships between travel attitude’s antecedents and future travel intention. The study adopts the deductive approach and employs the quantitative method to achieve its aim. It compares the perceptions collected via a questionnaire from random travellers from three countries: UAE, Egypt, and Jordan. PLS-SEM is used for data analysis. It is revealed that protection motivation intentions, destination selection factors, and travel patterns/ arrangements predict travel attitudes post the pandemic. Cautious travellers are highly concerned with protection intentions and destination selection post-epidemic compared with normal travellers. Findings help us understand the shifts in travel attitudes and intentions after the pandemic. Understating the influence of the epidemic on tourists’ attitudes and intention to travel post-pandemic is strongly needed to accelerate tourism recovery and ensure a safe travel environment for tourists. Theoretically, the study responds to the research calls for examining the changes in travel motivations, attitudes, and behaviours. Practically, the study profiles travellers based on their travel personality (i.e., cautious versus normal travellers) and identifies the characteristics of each category. This will help destination marketers and service providers to adopt the relevant strategies to meet the tourists’ needs, expectations and fears in the post-pandemic new normal.
{"title":"Travellers’ Attitude and Intention towards post Covid-19 Travel: The Moderating Role of Traveller Personality Type","authors":"Mohamed Abou-Shouk, Mohamed Bayoumy, Nidal Alzboun, Saleh Muhammad Zeki Al-Leheabi, M. Abdel-Jalil","doi":"10.29036/jots.v14i27.647","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29036/jots.v14i27.647","url":null,"abstract":"COVID-19 has crucially changed the motivations, attitudes, and behaviours of travellers. This study explores the shifts in travel attitudes after the COVID-19 pandemic and how these changes affect the intention for upcoming travels. It investigates the moderating role of the traveller personality in forming the relationships between travel attitude’s antecedents and future travel intention. The study adopts the deductive approach and employs the quantitative method to achieve its aim. It compares the perceptions collected via a questionnaire from random travellers from three countries: UAE, Egypt, and Jordan. PLS-SEM is used for data analysis. It is revealed that protection motivation intentions, destination selection factors, and travel patterns/ arrangements predict travel attitudes post the pandemic. Cautious travellers are highly concerned with protection intentions and destination selection post-epidemic compared with normal travellers. Findings help us understand the shifts in travel attitudes and intentions after the pandemic. Understating the influence of the epidemic on tourists’ attitudes and intention to travel post-pandemic is strongly needed to accelerate tourism recovery and ensure a safe travel environment for tourists. Theoretically, the study responds to the research calls for examining the changes in travel motivations, attitudes, and behaviours. Practically, the study profiles travellers based on their travel personality (i.e., cautious versus normal travellers) and identifies the characteristics of each category. This will help destination marketers and service providers to adopt the relevant strategies to meet the tourists’ needs, expectations and fears in the post-pandemic new normal.","PeriodicalId":43795,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tourism and Services","volume":"71 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139173754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The issue of KPI selection is urgent for sustainable business organization including the financial sector. There are numerous studies devoted to KPIs; however, the European Central Bank (European Central Bank, 2023) insists on the necessity of revising the methodology to improve it and make it based on risk and behavior aspects. This research is an attempt to meet the new vision of the ECB. The authors develop a new approach to the selected KPIs of financial institutions on the basis of risk indicators. The PLS-SEM method was used to construct and test the model, representing the company's compliance function and considering various risk categories. The significant relationship between compliance procedures and risk factors was confirmed by the constructed model. The study results not only meet the ECB's new approach but also contribute to the scientific area of choosing sustainable indicators for sustainable business. Empirical analyses from the study decisively highlighted a pronounced correlation between strict compliance with the established rules and proficient risk management practices. In tandem with the ECB's guiding principles, the conclusions derived from this research not only complement the existing body of knowledge but also offer a novel perspective on the essence of the KPI selection. Conclusively, this research confirms the significance of risk-aware KPIs in guiding financial entities toward a trajectory of sustained excellence and growth.
对于包括金融业在内的可持续商业组织而言，关键绩效指标的选择问题迫在眉睫。关于关键绩效指标的研究不胜枚举，但欧洲中央银行（European Central Bank，2023 年）坚持认为，有必要对方法论进行修订，使其更加完善，并以风险和行为方面为基础。本研究正是为实现欧洲中央银行的新愿景而进行的一次尝试。作者在风险指标的基础上为选定的金融机构关键绩效指标开发了一种新方法。使用 PLS-SEM 方法构建和测试模型，代表公司的合规职能并考虑各种风险类别。构建的模型证实了合规程序与风险因素之间的重要关系。研究结果不仅符合欧洲央行的新方法，而且有助于为可持续业务选择可持续指标的科学领域。研究中的实证分析果断地强调了严格遵守既定规则与熟练的风险管理实践之间的显著相关性。根据欧洲央行的指导原则，本研究得出的结论不仅补充了现有的知识体系，还为关键绩效指标选择的本质提供了新的视角。总之，本研究证实了风险意识关键绩效指标在引导金融实体走向持续卓越和增长方面的重要意义。
{"title":"Business KPIs Based on Compliance Risk Estimation","authors":"Olegs Cernisevs, Yelena Popova, Dmitrijs Cernisevs","doi":"10.29036/jots.v14i27.636","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29036/jots.v14i27.636","url":null,"abstract":"The issue of KPI selection is urgent for sustainable business organization including the financial sector. There are numerous studies devoted to KPIs; however, the European Central Bank (European Central Bank, 2023) insists on the necessity of revising the methodology to improve it and make it based on risk and behavior aspects. This research is an attempt to meet the new vision of the ECB. The authors develop a new approach to the selected KPIs of financial institutions on the basis of risk indicators. The PLS-SEM method was used to construct and test the model, representing the company's compliance function and considering various risk categories. The significant relationship between compliance procedures and risk factors was confirmed by the constructed model. The study results not only meet the ECB's new approach but also contribute to the scientific area of choosing sustainable indicators for sustainable business. Empirical analyses from the study decisively highlighted a pronounced correlation between strict compliance with the established rules and proficient risk management practices. In tandem with the ECB's guiding principles, the conclusions derived from this research not only complement the existing body of knowledge but also offer a novel perspective on the essence of the KPI selection. Conclusively, this research confirms the significance of risk-aware KPIs in guiding financial entities toward a trajectory of sustained excellence and growth.","PeriodicalId":43795,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tourism and Services","volume":"106 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139174266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-18DOI: 10.29036/jots.v14i27.547
Tünde Máté, Attila Kajos
Sporting events are central to the world of professional sports, making the acceptance and support of these events critical to their success. Our study aimed to analyse the relationship between opinion formation (support or opposition) and general attitudes toward sporting events in Hungary. And also to explore how attitudes towards sporting events differ from those who do not. To determine the connection and effects of the model, we use Covariance-based Structural Equation Modelling (CB-SEM), while in order to analyse the differences of supporter types we concluded a Cluster analysis. The latent variables of the developed SEM model had high internal consistency and good reliability, while the model had good psychometric properties. The results indicate that attitude has a significantly positive effect on perceived positive impacts of sports events (=0.93), explaining 87% of its variance, while it also has a significantly negative effect on perceptions of negative impacts of sporting events (>=-0.42). In addition, there is a strong direct effect between positive attitudes towards sports events and their positive perception. Through cluster analysis, we identified four significantly distinct groups: "Opponents" (13.5%), "Indifferent" (28.6%), "Rational Supporters" (29.4%), and "Enthusiastic Supporters" (28.6%). Most of the respondents agreed that international sporting events can enhance the image of the host city, promote economic development, and stimulate the local economy. However, perceived negative effects were driven by political reasons, such as government support for sports and lack of information. Therefore, our findings suggest that education and the provision of accurate information can help increase support for similar sporting events.
体育赛事是职业体育世界的核心，因此对这些赛事的接受和支持对赛事的成功至关重要。我们的研究旨在分析匈牙利体育赛事的意见形成（支持或反对）与一般态度之间的关系。同时探讨对体育赛事的态度与不支持体育赛事的态度有何不同。为了确定模型的联系和效果，我们使用了基于协方差的结构方程模型（CB-SEM），而为了分析支持者类型的差异，我们进行了聚类分析。所建立的 SEM 模型的潜在变量具有较高的内部一致性和良好的可靠性，同时该模型具有良好的心理测量特性。结果表明，态度对体育赛事积极影响的感知有显著的正向影响（=0.93），解释了 87% 的方差，而态度对体育赛事消极影响的感知也有显著的负向影响（>=-0.42）。此外，对体育赛事的积极态度与体育赛事的积极感知之间存在很强的直接效应。通过聚类分析，我们确定了四个明显不同的群体："反对者"（13.5%）、"漠不关心者"（28.6%）、"理性支持者"（29.4%）和 "热情支持者"（28.6%）。大多数受访者同意，国际体育赛事可以提升主办城市的形象，促进经济发展，刺激当地经 济。然而，受访者认为国际体育赛事会带来负面影响的原因主要是政治因素，如政府对体育运动的支持和信息匮乏。因此，我们的调查结果表明，教育和提供准确的信息有助于增加对类似体育赛事的支持。
{"title":"Social Perception and Attitude Towards International Sporting Events of Local Residents","authors":"Tünde Máté, Attila Kajos","doi":"10.29036/jots.v14i27.547","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29036/jots.v14i27.547","url":null,"abstract":"Sporting events are central to the world of professional sports, making the acceptance and support of these events critical to their success. Our study aimed to analyse the relationship between opinion formation (support or opposition) and general attitudes toward sporting events in Hungary. And also to explore how attitudes towards sporting events differ from those who do not. To determine the connection and effects of the model, we use Covariance-based Structural Equation Modelling (CB-SEM), while in order to analyse the differences of supporter types we concluded a Cluster analysis. The latent variables of the developed SEM model had high internal consistency and good reliability, while the model had good psychometric properties. The results indicate that attitude has a significantly positive effect on perceived positive impacts of sports events (=0.93), explaining 87% of its variance, while it also has a significantly negative effect on perceptions of negative impacts of sporting events (>=-0.42). In addition, there is a strong direct effect between positive attitudes towards sports events and their positive perception. Through cluster analysis, we identified four significantly distinct groups: \"Opponents\" (13.5%), \"Indifferent\" (28.6%), \"Rational Supporters\" (29.4%), and \"Enthusiastic Supporters\" (28.6%). Most of the respondents agreed that international sporting events can enhance the image of the host city, promote economic development, and stimulate the local economy. However, perceived negative effects were driven by political reasons, such as government support for sports and lack of information. Therefore, our findings suggest that education and the provision of accurate information can help increase support for similar sporting events.","PeriodicalId":43795,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tourism and Services","volume":"37 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139174695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-18DOI: 10.29036/jots.v14i27.666
A. Plaikner, Marco Haid, Andreas Kallmuenzer, Sascha Kraus
A fierce "war for talent" has emerged, particularly in the tourism industry, with labour shortages and high turnover rates. This situation challenges employers to secure strategic competitive advantage through their most vital asset, people. Simultaneously, firms must invest in their human capital to increase their value, heightening the significance of employer branding. This paper hence investigates employer branding and does so in the unique context of family businesses, the dominant form of tourism firms, where employer branding takes on a distinct dimension as the family's influence fuses corporate and familial identities. Extending prior research findings that indicate that labour issues often stem from leadership inadequacies and human resource management shortcomings, this paper aims to comprehensively examine these multifaceted challenges and their relevance in the tourism industry. This study employs a qualitative approach utilizing 28 semi-structured interviews with managers, successors, and HR managers in Tyrol, an established tourism region in Austria and Europe. The results reveal that the integration of family values and qualities, as well as the identity and value-based self-image and brand strategies of a business, are important factors in recruiting and retaining employees. This study contributes to deeper insight into the importance, opportunities, and challenges of employer branding in family-run tourism businesses.
{"title":"Employer Branding in Tourism: How to Recruit, Retain and Motivate Staff","authors":"A. Plaikner, Marco Haid, Andreas Kallmuenzer, Sascha Kraus","doi":"10.29036/jots.v14i27.666","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29036/jots.v14i27.666","url":null,"abstract":"A fierce \"war for talent\" has emerged, particularly in the tourism industry, with labour shortages and high turnover rates. This situation challenges employers to secure strategic competitive advantage through their most vital asset, people. Simultaneously, firms must invest in their human capital to increase their value, heightening the significance of employer branding. This paper hence investigates employer branding and does so in the unique context of family businesses, the dominant form of tourism firms, where employer branding takes on a distinct dimension as the family's influence fuses corporate and familial identities. Extending prior research findings that indicate that labour issues often stem from leadership inadequacies and human resource management shortcomings, this paper aims to comprehensively examine these multifaceted challenges and their relevance in the tourism industry. This study employs a qualitative approach utilizing 28 semi-structured interviews with managers, successors, and HR managers in Tyrol, an established tourism region in Austria and Europe. The results reveal that the integration of family values and qualities, as well as the identity and value-based self-image and brand strategies of a business, are important factors in recruiting and retaining employees. This study contributes to deeper insight into the importance, opportunities, and challenges of employer branding in family-run tourism businesses.","PeriodicalId":43795,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tourism and Services","volume":"384 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139173974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-29DOI: 10.29036/jots.v14i26.489
Ana Batriysia Azman, Mohd Aliff Abdul Majid
This study aimed to investigate the challenges faced, and strategies adopted by micro-family food businesses (MFFB) in Malaysia and examine the family's role in managing such businesses during the COVID-19 crisis. A qualitative research approach was employed, using semi-structured interviews with MFFB owners. The interviews ceased after six participants, ensuring data saturation and the interpreted data's trustworthiness is explained. The findings revealed that MFFB faced multiple challenges, including a drop in sales, business closure, financial instability, and pressure on fixed costs. Besides, this research captured several unique survival strategies adopted by the MFFB owners, such as generosity towards customers, changes in operation, online advertisements, customer satisfaction surveys, maintaining food quality and prices, initiating takeaway orders, and collaboration with food aggregators. The results indicate that task management, responsibility, and reliance are essential to family-owned businesses as significant business strategies. It implies that family relationships play a significant role in the business's direction and business survival; future directions might compare the results to a larger business capacity. This study sheds light on the role of families in managing MFFB during the COVID-19 pandemic and provides practical implications for policymakers, business owners, and practitioners to support MFFB in overcoming challenges during unexpected adversity. By better understanding the challenges faced and strategies adopted by MFFB, it is anticipated to gain greater insight into how the Malaysian food business can become more resilient in the future.
{"title":"Role of Family and Survival Strategies of Micro-Family Food Business during COVID-19 Pandemic","authors":"Ana Batriysia Azman, Mohd Aliff Abdul Majid","doi":"10.29036/jots.v14i26.489","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29036/jots.v14i26.489","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to investigate the challenges faced, and strategies adopted by micro-family food businesses (MFFB) in Malaysia and examine the family's role in managing such businesses during the COVID-19 crisis. A qualitative research approach was employed, using semi-structured interviews with MFFB owners. The interviews ceased after six participants, ensuring data saturation and the interpreted data's trustworthiness is explained. The findings revealed that MFFB faced multiple challenges, including a drop in sales, business closure, financial instability, and pressure on fixed costs. Besides, this research captured several unique survival strategies adopted by the MFFB owners, such as generosity towards customers, changes in operation, online advertisements, customer satisfaction surveys, maintaining food quality and prices, initiating takeaway orders, and collaboration with food aggregators. The results indicate that task management, responsibility, and reliance are essential to family-owned businesses as significant business strategies. It implies that family relationships play a significant role in the business's direction and business survival; future directions might compare the results to a larger business capacity. This study sheds light on the role of families in managing MFFB during the COVID-19 pandemic and provides practical implications for policymakers, business owners, and practitioners to support MFFB in overcoming challenges during unexpected adversity. By better understanding the challenges faced and strategies adopted by MFFB, it is anticipated to gain greater insight into how the Malaysian food business can become more resilient in the future.","PeriodicalId":43795,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tourism and Services","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43140164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-29DOI: 10.29036/jots.v14i26.551
V. Krajčík, Ota Novotný, M. Civelek, Svetlana Semrádová Zvolánková
Digital literacy of the workforce, firms' digital literacy activities for their employees, and firms' stages in the digitalization process are some of the major concerns of SMEs in their digitalization process. Firms that take effective actions for those issues can reduce their concerns in their digital transformation. However, SMEs' digital transformation and digital literacy activities might differ depending on firm-level characteristics. This paper investigates whether SMEs' dynamic capabilities differ depending on their firm-level characteristics, such as firm size and sector. This paper considers digital transformation, digital literacy of workers, and digital literacy activities of SMEs as dynamic capabilities since those activities are included and identified in Resource-Based View (RBV) as dynamic capabilities. The research team employs a telephone survey to collect data. Moreover, the researchers apply purposive sampling techniques to generate research samples. The researchers perform Chi-square test and ANOVA analyses to investigate the differences in 330 small-large, manufacturing, and service SMEs' dynamic capabilities. According to the results, while the digital transformation stages of SMEs do not differ depending on their sector and size, there are significant differences between the digital literacy activities of small-large and manufacturing-service SMEs. They indicate similarities regarding concerns of small-large SMEs for their workers' digital literacy. However, compared to manufacturing SMEs, service firms indicate greater interest in their workers' digital literacy. Country-specific, firm-specific, sector-specific, and executive-specific factors, including market structure, level of financial assets, close interactions with customers, education level, and responsibilities of firm executives, respectively, might explain those results.
{"title":"Digital Literacy and Digital Transformation Activities of Service and Manufacturing SMEs","authors":"V. Krajčík, Ota Novotný, M. Civelek, Svetlana Semrádová Zvolánková","doi":"10.29036/jots.v14i26.551","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29036/jots.v14i26.551","url":null,"abstract":"Digital literacy of the workforce, firms' digital literacy activities for their employees, and firms' stages in the digitalization process are some of the major concerns of SMEs in their digitalization process. Firms that take effective actions for those issues can reduce their concerns in their digital transformation. However, SMEs' digital transformation and digital literacy activities might differ depending on firm-level characteristics. This paper investigates whether SMEs' dynamic capabilities differ depending on their firm-level characteristics, such as firm size and sector. This paper considers digital transformation, digital literacy of workers, and digital literacy activities of SMEs as dynamic capabilities since those activities are included and identified in Resource-Based View (RBV) as dynamic capabilities. The research team employs a telephone survey to collect data. Moreover, the researchers apply purposive sampling techniques to generate research samples. The researchers perform Chi-square test and ANOVA analyses to investigate the differences in 330 small-large, manufacturing, and service SMEs' dynamic capabilities. According to the results, while the digital transformation stages of SMEs do not differ depending on their sector and size, there are significant differences between the digital literacy activities of small-large and manufacturing-service SMEs. They indicate similarities regarding concerns of small-large SMEs for their workers' digital literacy. However, compared to manufacturing SMEs, service firms indicate greater interest in their workers' digital literacy. Country-specific, firm-specific, sector-specific, and executive-specific factors, including market structure, level of financial assets, close interactions with customers, education level, and responsibilities of firm executives, respectively, might explain those results.","PeriodicalId":43795,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tourism and Services","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45265026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-29DOI: 10.29036/jots.v14i26.463
Kuang-Yu Chang, Edward C. S. Ku
In low-cost carrier (LCC) businesses, LCCs have developed cabin design and production services that are different from the available airlines to compete for routes in certain regions. The LCC reduces operating costs. Its operation mode has quickly robbed ordinary airlines of a market, and its business model is also a concern for academia and the industry. This study aims to explain how low-cost mobile carrier apps can enhance decision-making during shopping with an LCC. Stratified sampling was used for data collection in this study, which included individuals who had experience using LCCs and utilized LCC mobile apps; 868 participants completed the surveys, and their data were considered for analysis. We then evaluated our hypotheses using structural equation modeling (SEM). The findings of this study offer some critical implications for the design of mobile applications and results to succeed in LCC business endeavors: the mobile application's interface design can be personalized and display things that are the user interface for passengers while reflecting lifestyles and preferences that appeal to them, to increase their willingness to continue using the application. Moreover, LCCs can adjust their competitive market strategies by implementing mobile applications. This study is based on the operation of LCCs, presents a continued usage mobile device application model, and provides strategic practice guidelines and academic insights.
{"title":"Discount or Prestige: E-reputation, Compatibility, and Continued Mobile Apps Usage Intention of Low-Cost Carriers","authors":"Kuang-Yu Chang, Edward C. S. Ku","doi":"10.29036/jots.v14i26.463","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29036/jots.v14i26.463","url":null,"abstract":"In low-cost carrier (LCC) businesses, LCCs have developed cabin design and production services that are different from the available airlines to compete for routes in certain regions. The LCC reduces operating costs. Its operation mode has quickly robbed ordinary airlines of a market, and its business model is also a concern for academia and the industry. This study aims to explain how low-cost mobile carrier apps can enhance decision-making during shopping with an LCC. Stratified sampling was used for data collection in this study, which included individuals who had experience using LCCs and utilized LCC mobile apps; 868 participants completed the surveys, and their data were considered for analysis. We then evaluated our hypotheses using structural equation modeling (SEM). The findings of this study offer some critical implications for the design of mobile applications and results to succeed in LCC business endeavors: the mobile application's interface design can be personalized and display things that are the user interface for passengers while reflecting lifestyles and preferences that appeal to them, to increase their willingness to continue using the application. Moreover, LCCs can adjust their competitive market strategies by implementing mobile applications. This study is based on the operation of LCCs, presents a continued usage mobile device application model, and provides strategic practice guidelines and academic insights.","PeriodicalId":43795,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tourism and Services","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48297796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-29DOI: 10.29036/jots.v14i26.512
Niranjan Devkota, Krzysztof Gajdka, Roshan Siwakoti, M. Klímová, Krishna Dhakal
This study aims to investigate the current state of Bhaktapur, Nepal, as a tourist destination and how promotional marketing strategies can be used to increase the number of tourists visiting the area. The research uses the AIDA model to analyze Bhaktapur's promotional marketing as a tourist destination. 282 tourists were surveyed through the Kobo Toolbox app to gather information about their demographics and travel profiles. The data was analyzed using SPSS and SEM to find variations in groups and predict the impact of promotional marketing on sustainable tourism demand in Bhaktapur. The findings indicate that utilizing a range of promotional marketing strategies, such as social media, and targeting different demographic groups can be effective in attracting tourists and highlight the significance of tourism as a key source of foreign exchange revenue for Nepal and suggests that promoting Bhaktapur as a tourist destination can contribute to the country's economic growth. This study contributes to the rising interest in determining the Internet's significance as a commercial tool in the tourist industry. Internet is currently the primary method for hotels and other service-based enterprises to communicate with their clients. Thus, this study aims to fill a vacuum in the literature by demonstrating how to leverage the Internet and social media as part of a marketing strategy to build a sustained demand among visitors concerned with social concerns and the environment.
{"title":"Promoting Sustainable Tourist Behavior through Promotional Marketing","authors":"Niranjan Devkota, Krzysztof Gajdka, Roshan Siwakoti, M. Klímová, Krishna Dhakal","doi":"10.29036/jots.v14i26.512","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29036/jots.v14i26.512","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to investigate the current state of Bhaktapur, Nepal, as a tourist destination and how promotional marketing strategies can be used to increase the number of tourists visiting the area. The research uses the AIDA model to analyze Bhaktapur's promotional marketing as a tourist destination. 282 tourists were surveyed through the Kobo Toolbox app to gather information about their demographics and travel profiles. The data was analyzed using SPSS and SEM to find variations in groups and predict the impact of promotional marketing on sustainable tourism demand in Bhaktapur. The findings indicate that utilizing a range of promotional marketing strategies, such as social media, and targeting different demographic groups can be effective in attracting tourists and highlight the significance of tourism as a key source of foreign exchange revenue for Nepal and suggests that promoting Bhaktapur as a tourist destination can contribute to the country's economic growth. This study contributes to the rising interest in determining the Internet's significance as a commercial tool in the tourist industry. Internet is currently the primary method for hotels and other service-based enterprises to communicate with their clients. Thus, this study aims to fill a vacuum in the literature by demonstrating how to leverage the Internet and social media as part of a marketing strategy to build a sustained demand among visitors concerned with social concerns and the environment.","PeriodicalId":43795,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tourism and Services","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46114582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-29DOI: 10.29036/jots.v14i26.453
Seungmin Nam
The primary aim of this study was to provide a better understanding of the decision-making cycle of Chinese and Japanese tourists by testing the hypothesis via an extended model of goal-directed behavior. This study was also aimed at extending the concept of the goal-direct model and cognitive dissonance theory by examining the revisit intention for tourism. These two countries represent more than half of the tourism market in Korea. Despite the huge market potential of Chinese and Japanese tourists, relatively little study has been founded on predicting the revisit intention of inbounded tourists. A survey material was developed by adapting measures used in previous studies that assessed the push factor, pull factor, attitude, subjective norm, perceived behavioral control, anticipated emotion, desire, cognitive dissonance, and revisit intention. Note that 580 cases were on-site surveyed as popular tourist destinations in Seoul, South Korea. The 545 cases were analyzed for the final results. Statistical analysis was conducted through demographic analysis, Confirmatory factor analysis, and SEM (Structural Equation Model) analyses. This study found that the decision to go to Korea is a sound, enthusiastic, and delicate choice measured by the variable of the MGB. Results likewise showed that the theory could be extended to incorporate the impact of inbound visitors' perception of cognitive dissonance. This study is to recognize the decision-making process influencing the revisit intention of Chinese and Japanese tourists and draw academic and practical implications from the difference of the impact on each element.
{"title":"Predicting Tourist Revisit Intention by Applying the Extended Model of Goal-Directed Behaviour and Cognitive Dissonance Theory","authors":"Seungmin Nam","doi":"10.29036/jots.v14i26.453","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29036/jots.v14i26.453","url":null,"abstract":"The primary aim of this study was to provide a better understanding of the decision-making cycle of Chinese and Japanese tourists by testing the hypothesis via an extended model of goal-directed behavior. This study was also aimed at extending the concept of the goal-direct model and cognitive dissonance theory by examining the revisit intention for tourism. These two countries represent more than half of the tourism market in Korea. Despite the huge market potential of Chinese and Japanese tourists, relatively little study has been founded on predicting the revisit intention of inbounded tourists. A survey material was developed by adapting measures used in previous studies that assessed the push factor, pull factor, attitude, subjective norm, perceived behavioral control, anticipated emotion, desire, cognitive dissonance, and revisit intention. Note that 580 cases were on-site surveyed as popular tourist destinations in Seoul, South Korea. The 545 cases were analyzed for the final results. Statistical analysis was conducted through demographic analysis, Confirmatory factor analysis, and SEM (Structural Equation Model) analyses. This study found that the decision to go to Korea is a sound, enthusiastic, and delicate choice measured by the variable of the MGB. Results likewise showed that the theory could be extended to incorporate the impact of inbound visitors' perception of cognitive dissonance. This study is to recognize the decision-making process influencing the revisit intention of Chinese and Japanese tourists and draw academic and practical implications from the difference of the impact on each element.","PeriodicalId":43795,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tourism and Services","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41503552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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