Pub Date : 2022-12-20DOI: 10.29036/jots.v13i25.388
Niranjan Devkota, Ľ. Kmeco, Sunil Thapa, P. Houška, U. Poudel
Travel risk and management views of tourists have a key role in their choice of locations while the COVID-19 epidemic is still causing travel-related concerns. Despite many studies available in the western world, the effect of COVID-19 has been less explored in Nepal. Thus, this research aims to investigate travel risk and management perception in post-COVID tourism activities in Nepal. Based on pathogen stress theory and explanatory research design, this study seeks a causal relationship between Travel Risk and Management in Nepal. Following the purposive sampling technique, data collection is done using KOBO Toolbox through a structured questionnaire. Findings revealed that Risk Management, Transportation Patterns, Distribution Channel, Avoidance of Overpopulated destinations, Hygiene and Safety are significant to Travel risk and management perception whereas Risk Management, Travel risk and management perception, Service Delivery, Distribution Channel, Hygiene and Safety are significant to COVID-19 pandemic in Nepal which supports pathogen-stress theory. Furthermore, travel risk and management perception partially mediate the favorable association between avoidance of overpopulated destinations and the COVID-19 pandemic. Additionally, the primary problems faced by the traveler were securing a comfortable hotel and selecting a destination where COVID risk is minimum. However, the COVID-19 break has caused health concerns among visitors, causing many to cancel their holiday plans. Therefore, in the post-pandemic phase, tourists are more concerned about the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on their travel activities and choice.
{"title":"Tourists’ Perception of Travel Risk and Management in Destination amid Covid-19 Pandemic: Empirical Evidence from Nepal","authors":"Niranjan Devkota, Ľ. Kmeco, Sunil Thapa, P. Houška, U. Poudel","doi":"10.29036/jots.v13i25.388","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29036/jots.v13i25.388","url":null,"abstract":"Travel risk and management views of tourists have a key role in their choice of locations while the COVID-19 epidemic is still causing travel-related concerns. Despite many studies available in the western world, the effect of COVID-19 has been less explored in Nepal. Thus, this research aims to investigate travel risk and management perception in post-COVID tourism activities in Nepal. Based on pathogen stress theory and explanatory research design, this study seeks a causal relationship between Travel Risk and Management in Nepal. Following the purposive sampling technique, data collection is done using KOBO Toolbox through a structured questionnaire. Findings revealed that Risk Management, Transportation Patterns, Distribution Channel, Avoidance of Overpopulated destinations, Hygiene and Safety are significant to Travel risk and management perception whereas Risk Management, Travel risk and management perception, Service Delivery, Distribution Channel, Hygiene and Safety are significant to COVID-19 pandemic in Nepal which supports pathogen-stress theory. Furthermore, travel risk and management perception partially mediate the favorable association between avoidance of overpopulated destinations and the COVID-19 pandemic. Additionally, the primary problems faced by the traveler were securing a comfortable hotel and selecting a destination where COVID risk is minimum. However, the COVID-19 break has caused health concerns among visitors, causing many to cancel their holiday plans. Therefore, in the post-pandemic phase, tourists are more concerned about the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on their travel activities and choice.","PeriodicalId":43795,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tourism and Services","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42794440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-20DOI: 10.29036/jots.v13i25.376
T. Kliestik, Lenka Hrosova, K. Valaskova, Lucia Švábová
We study whether the presence of earnings management in the period of 2016-2019 occurs in companies operating in the tourism sector in the V4 countries, as the issue of earnings management in the tourism sector is not developed in these countries. To identify the presence of earnings management, we apply the Jones model in each V4 country to assess the occurrence of earnings management and its direction, degree, and extent. We use regression analysis in our paper. The existence of earnings management is verified using a non-parametric Mann-Whitney test. The direction, degree, and extent are verified through discretionary accrual percentages and average discretionary accruals. The data are drawn from the Amadeus financial database. The selection of companies is based on a set criterion, where the value of total assets in the period 2016-2019 will reach at least one million euros. Our analysis shows that companies in the tourism sector in the V4 countries manipulate profits. Discretionary accrual analysis reveals different positive and negative discretionary accrual values in the V4 countries. Enterprises in Slovakia achieve lower values of positive discretionary accrual compared to negative discretionary accrual. On the contrary, in the Czech Republic, Poland, and Hungary, companies achieve higher values of positive discretionary accrual. We also found that companies in Slovakia manage their profits by decreasing compared to those in the Czech Republic, Poland, and Hungary, which in turn manage their profits by increasing.
{"title":"Do Firm in the Tourism Sector Manage Earnings? The Case of the V4 Countries","authors":"T. Kliestik, Lenka Hrosova, K. Valaskova, Lucia Švábová","doi":"10.29036/jots.v13i25.376","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29036/jots.v13i25.376","url":null,"abstract":"We study whether the presence of earnings management in the period of 2016-2019 occurs in companies operating in the tourism sector in the V4 countries, as the issue of earnings management in the tourism sector is not developed in these countries. To identify the presence of earnings management, we apply the Jones model in each V4 country to assess the occurrence of earnings management and its direction, degree, and extent. We use regression analysis in our paper. The existence of earnings management is verified using a non-parametric Mann-Whitney test. The direction, degree, and extent are verified through discretionary accrual percentages and average discretionary accruals. The data are drawn from the Amadeus financial database. The selection of companies is based on a set criterion, where the value of total assets in the period 2016-2019 will reach at least one million euros. Our analysis shows that companies in the tourism sector in the V4 countries manipulate profits. Discretionary accrual analysis reveals different positive and negative discretionary accrual values in the V4 countries. Enterprises in Slovakia achieve lower values of positive discretionary accrual compared to negative discretionary accrual. On the contrary, in the Czech Republic, Poland, and Hungary, companies achieve higher values of positive discretionary accrual. We also found that companies in Slovakia manage their profits by decreasing compared to those in the Czech Republic, Poland, and Hungary, which in turn manage their profits by increasing.","PeriodicalId":43795,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tourism and Services","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43647339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-20DOI: 10.29036/jots.v13i25.437
Navickas Valentinas, Ieva Petrokė, M. Urbański, O. Soboleva
The sharing economy expands and becomes a significant part of tourism, contributing to economic development. The Lithuanian tourism sector is changing from an internal perspective and is influenced by various external macro-environment factors. Currently, as the tourism sector recovers, not only on a national but also international scale, to achieve rapid development of the tourism sector, and assess the importance of one of the biggest catalysts of the tourism sector - the sharing economy, the research aim is to determine the macroeconomic factors that have the influence on the sharing economy in the tourism sector, Lithuania. This research will help policymakers and other stakeholders to create conditions for the sharing economy in the tourism sector for future development and growth in Lithuania. The paper is carried out in the following logical order. First, the literature analysis identifies the macro-environment vectors that significantly impact the development of the sharing economy. The further analysis identifies specific parameters that, according to various literature reviews, influence sharing economy's development in the tourism sector. Further research is aimed at verifying coefficients of influential macroeconomic factors and impact directions by experts. The authors found a positive, most substantial medium-term relationship: between 21-49 years old population growth; increase in monthly income; higher education level of population; the number of households with children; consumer confidence index. The results suggest that the growth of these and other analyzed parameters would have the most influence while encouraging sharing economy's development in the tourism sector. The authors also analyzed other political, economic, sociocultural, technological, environmental, and legal parameters.
{"title":"Macroeconomic Factors Influencing the Development of the Sharing Economy in the Lithuanian Tourism Sector","authors":"Navickas Valentinas, Ieva Petrokė, M. Urbański, O. Soboleva","doi":"10.29036/jots.v13i25.437","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29036/jots.v13i25.437","url":null,"abstract":"The sharing economy expands and becomes a significant part of tourism, contributing to economic development. The Lithuanian tourism sector is changing from an internal perspective and is influenced by various external macro-environment factors. Currently, as the tourism sector recovers, not only on a national but also international scale, to achieve rapid development of the tourism sector, and assess the importance of one of the biggest catalysts of the tourism sector - the sharing economy, the research aim is to determine the macroeconomic factors that have the influence on the sharing economy in the tourism sector, Lithuania. This research will help policymakers and other stakeholders to create conditions for the sharing economy in the tourism sector for future development and growth in Lithuania. The paper is carried out in the following logical order. First, the literature analysis identifies the macro-environment vectors that significantly impact the development of the sharing economy. The further analysis identifies specific parameters that, according to various literature reviews, influence sharing economy's development in the tourism sector. Further research is aimed at verifying coefficients of influential macroeconomic factors and impact directions by experts. The authors found a positive, most substantial medium-term relationship: between 21-49 years old population growth; increase in monthly income; higher education level of population; the number of households with children; consumer confidence index. The results suggest that the growth of these and other analyzed parameters would have the most influence while encouraging sharing economy's development in the tourism sector. The authors also analyzed other political, economic, sociocultural, technological, environmental, and legal parameters.","PeriodicalId":43795,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tourism and Services","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46168301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-30DOI: 10.29036/jots.v13i24.374
M. Přívarová, M. Martincová, Karol Trnovský, Dušan Hačár
During the last decades, the deepening of globalisation has led to an intensification of two forms of international human mobility – tourism and migration. Considering the high proportion of migrant workers in the tourism industry, migration’s possible negative or positive impact on international tourism comes to the forefront. The current article aims to explore the influence of migration, including labour migration, on tourism flows and the impact of tourism flows and migration on the labour market both in donor and host countries. The statistical basis of the analysis was the annual panel data on labour market and tourism indicators for selected EU member states. We have built three panel data econometric models on 17 member states of the European Union on the data from 2005 to 2019. The results suggest that migration and labour migration are significant factors for international tourism and the labour market, with immigration positively impacting both the tourism industry and labour market. At the same time, emigration has a negative effect mainly due to the possible “brain drain” in the donor countries. On the other hand, international tourism has a strong positive influence on the labour market, providing strong evidence for the phenomena of migration-led tourism in the selected member-states of the European Union. Our primary assumption in this regard is that immigration and labour migration contribute to the increase in international tourism arrivals through VFR tourism and cultural enrichment of the destination countries. The current study contributes to the modern research on the interconnections between labour market and tourism. Policy makers can use the results to improve labour market and tourism conditions.
{"title":"Labour Migration and Tourism Flows: the Case of the EU","authors":"M. Přívarová, M. Martincová, Karol Trnovský, Dušan Hačár","doi":"10.29036/jots.v13i24.374","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29036/jots.v13i24.374","url":null,"abstract":"During the last decades, the deepening of globalisation has led to an intensification of two forms of international human mobility – tourism and migration. Considering the high proportion of migrant workers in the tourism industry, migration’s possible negative or positive impact on international tourism comes to the forefront. The current article aims to explore the influence of migration, including labour migration, on tourism flows and the impact of tourism flows and migration on the labour market both in donor and host countries. The statistical basis of the analysis was the annual panel data on labour market and tourism indicators for selected EU member states. We have built three panel data econometric models on 17 member states of the European Union on the data from 2005 to 2019. The results suggest that migration and labour migration are significant factors for international tourism and the labour market, with immigration positively impacting both the tourism industry and labour market. At the same time, emigration has a negative effect mainly due to the possible “brain drain” in the donor countries. On the other hand, international tourism has a strong positive influence on the labour market, providing strong evidence for the phenomena of migration-led tourism in the selected member-states of the European Union. Our primary assumption in this regard is that immigration and labour migration contribute to the increase in international tourism arrivals through VFR tourism and cultural enrichment of the destination countries. The current study contributes to the modern research on the interconnections between labour market and tourism. Policy makers can use the results to improve labour market and tourism conditions.","PeriodicalId":43795,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tourism and Services","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47283448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-30DOI: 10.29036/jots.v13i24.284
Mehmet Necati Cizrelioğulları, Mehmet Veysi Babayiğit
Maintaining an effective workflow is crucial to obtain a mediating role among various concepts to boost the efficacy and performances of the employees in a workplace. The current study aims to investigate the effects of the psychological capital on the high-performance system and the job satisfaction levels of migrant employees in the hotel industry of Northern Cyprus. As objectives, the role of psychological capital in high-performance system and the job satisfaction levels of immigrant /migrant employees, and interactive manners among psychological capital, high-performance system, and the job satisfaction are considered. The setting of the current study is North Cyprus, a small, unrecognized island with a tremendously developed tourism and hospitality industry flourishing in the last decade. Regarding the methodology, the quantitative approach was adopted, and the convenience sampling method was chosen to get the facts and relations about PsyCap, JS and HPWS among immigrant employees at the hotels of North Cyprus. The data collection tools were questionnaires comprised of three parts, including different items adopted from well-known sources, and there were 400 migrant employees at 18 hotels in North Cyprus. The analysis was conducted via IBM statics covering SPSS and AMOS and included descriptive, factor, and statistical regression analyses. The results reveal that psychological capital has a mediating role between high-performance work systems and job satisfaction of migrant employees in the hotel sector of North Cyprus. Furthermore, the results highlighted the positive impact of psychological capital as almost all of the respondents were more eager to work under equal conditions brought by psychological capital factors. It is hoped that this study will posit influential data for obtaining efficient manners in workplaces and holds a sample for further academic studies.
{"title":"Effects of High-Performance Work System on Job Satisfaction: The Mediating Role of Psychological Capital in the Hotel Employees of North Cyprus","authors":"Mehmet Necati Cizrelioğulları, Mehmet Veysi Babayiğit","doi":"10.29036/jots.v13i24.284","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29036/jots.v13i24.284","url":null,"abstract":"Maintaining an effective workflow is crucial to obtain a mediating role among various concepts to boost the efficacy and performances of the employees in a workplace. The current study aims to investigate the effects of the psychological capital on the high-performance system and the job satisfaction levels of migrant employees in the hotel industry of Northern Cyprus. As objectives, the role of psychological capital in high-performance system and the job satisfaction levels of immigrant /migrant employees, and interactive manners among psychological capital, high-performance system, and the job satisfaction are considered. The setting of the current study is North Cyprus, a small, unrecognized island with a tremendously developed tourism and hospitality industry flourishing in the last decade. Regarding the methodology, the quantitative approach was adopted, and the convenience sampling method was chosen to get the facts and relations about PsyCap, JS and HPWS among immigrant employees at the hotels of North Cyprus. The data collection tools were questionnaires comprised of three parts, including different items adopted from well-known sources, and there were 400 migrant employees at 18 hotels in North Cyprus. The analysis was conducted via IBM statics covering SPSS and AMOS and included descriptive, factor, and statistical regression analyses. The results reveal that psychological capital has a mediating role between high-performance work systems and job satisfaction of migrant employees in the hotel sector of North Cyprus. Furthermore, the results highlighted the positive impact of psychological capital as almost all of the respondents were more eager to work under equal conditions brought by psychological capital factors. It is hoped that this study will posit influential data for obtaining efficient manners in workplaces and holds a sample for further academic studies.","PeriodicalId":43795,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tourism and Services","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49121211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-30DOI: 10.29036/jots.v13i24.360
Rocío Hernández-Garrido, David Perea, Cinta Pérez-Calañas
Mobile applications (apps) are becoming an essential tool when it comes to sightseeing. There is even a specific category for trips in the leading app stores. These are no strangers to the rise of the itinerant travel style, the caravans. The study aims to understand the situation of the main caravanning apps in Spain. We have carried out a web scraping methodology using a sample of 1,601 Spanish reviews of the main apps related to caravanning. The most interesting findings, among others, are that we are getting to know a sector that up to now was unknown and that even has not been affected by the pandemic crisis. Besides, the paper has demonstrated that developers do not follow the right strategies in caravanning apps. The paper also shows users' most crucial concerns about these apps. Therefore, managers of caravanning apps could improve their strategies by focusing their attention on users' concerns and, most important, reviews to respond.
{"title":"The Vision of the Main Mobile Apps Related to Caravanning: an Analysis of the Reviews Focusing on Users and Developers","authors":"Rocío Hernández-Garrido, David Perea, Cinta Pérez-Calañas","doi":"10.29036/jots.v13i24.360","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29036/jots.v13i24.360","url":null,"abstract":"Mobile applications (apps) are becoming an essential tool when it comes to sightseeing. There is even a specific category for trips in the leading app stores. These are no strangers to the rise of the itinerant travel style, the caravans. The study aims to understand the situation of the main caravanning apps in Spain. We have carried out a web scraping methodology using a sample of 1,601 Spanish reviews of the main apps related to caravanning. The most interesting findings, among others, are that we are getting to know a sector that up to now was unknown and that even has not been affected by the pandemic crisis. Besides, the paper has demonstrated that developers do not follow the right strategies in caravanning apps. The paper also shows users' most crucial concerns about these apps. Therefore, managers of caravanning apps could improve their strategies by focusing their attention on users' concerns and, most important, reviews to respond.","PeriodicalId":43795,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tourism and Services","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44690057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-30DOI: 10.29036/jots.v13i24.371
G. Ergün, Hüseyin Keleş, B. Taspinar, Ebru Gözen, Engin Derman
Brand equity and destination branding subjects are among the most important issues in the field of destination marketing that have concerned the business managers and destination management organizations operating in the tourism sector. Particularly in recent periods, as a result of the growing competition, there has been a significant increase in the studies on the branding of a destination. The main objective of this research is to determine the effect of destination brand value on travel intention and examine the moderator role of cross-cultural differences in this effect. Another primary objective of the research is to ascertain the effect of destination brand equity on travel intention. Besides, the moderator role of intercultural difference on the mentioned effect has been examined. The research was carried out with the participation of 395 tourists from different countries in Side, considered one of Turkey's most important tourist destinations. The research data were collected by convenience sampling method, and the created model was tested with structural equation modeling. Besides, Process Macro was used in order to determine the moderator effect. When the research results were examined, it was concluded that the brand equity dimensions of destination brand awareness and destination loyalty had a significant effect on travel intention. In addition to these, tourists from Europe and Asia play a moderator role in this effect. The absence of a study among the studies that measure the relationship between brand equity and travel intention that determines the moderator role of culture reveals the originality of the study and its contribution to the literature. In the light of the results taken from the research, a number of suggestions have been presented to sector representatives, academicians studying in the literature, and destination management organizations, as well.
{"title":"The Moderator Role of Culture in the Relationship between Destination Brand Equity and Travel Intention","authors":"G. Ergün, Hüseyin Keleş, B. Taspinar, Ebru Gözen, Engin Derman","doi":"10.29036/jots.v13i24.371","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29036/jots.v13i24.371","url":null,"abstract":"Brand equity and destination branding subjects are among the most important issues in the field of destination marketing that have concerned the business managers and destination management organizations operating in the tourism sector. Particularly in recent periods, as a result of the growing competition, there has been a significant increase in the studies on the branding of a destination. The main objective of this research is to determine the effect of destination brand value on travel intention and examine the moderator role of cross-cultural differences in this effect. Another primary objective of the research is to ascertain the effect of destination brand equity on travel intention. Besides, the moderator role of intercultural difference on the mentioned effect has been examined. The research was carried out with the participation of 395 tourists from different countries in Side, considered one of Turkey's most important tourist destinations. The research data were collected by convenience sampling method, and the created model was tested with structural equation modeling. Besides, Process Macro was used in order to determine the moderator effect. When the research results were examined, it was concluded that the brand equity dimensions of destination brand awareness and destination loyalty had a significant effect on travel intention. In addition to these, tourists from Europe and Asia play a moderator role in this effect. The absence of a study among the studies that measure the relationship between brand equity and travel intention that determines the moderator role of culture reveals the originality of the study and its contribution to the literature. In the light of the results taken from the research, a number of suggestions have been presented to sector representatives, academicians studying in the literature, and destination management organizations, as well.","PeriodicalId":43795,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tourism and Services","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46255707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-30DOI: 10.29036/jots.v13i24.299
N. Zain, M. Hanafiah, Nur Atiqah Hamizan, M. A. Asyraff
In the era of COVID-19, travel decisions are influenced by social norms, which is a deciding factor between one’s perception of risk and their travel intention. Moreover, serious safety measures, such as increased aircraft cleaning, social distancing during the boarding process, and the use of face masks are critical factors that influence passengers’ trust in air travel. This study examines the direct effects of safety and preventive measures and social norms on passengers’ trust in travelling with airlines. A total of 210 responses were obtained online. Multiple regression analysis was used to test the study hypotheses. Based on the result, social norms are the most influential predictors of passengers’ trust, followed by safety and preventive measures. Furthermore, the study suggests that media coverage and social circle influence can be critical elements in transferring information to passengers, influencing their decision, and instill trust to travel during the pandemic. Notably, apart from exercising social norms, the airline industry also needs to focus on safety and preventive measures consisting of staff safety practices towards the passenger and new standard operating procedures (SOPs) during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study findings assist the airline industry in understanding passengers’ post-pandemic travelling behaviour. Notably, the implementation of health security protocols at airports, supported by the provision of continuous safety information, is indeed an important feature for passengers.
{"title":"COVID-19 Safety and Preventive Measures and Social Norms: How It Shaped Airlines Passengers’ Trustworthiness","authors":"N. Zain, M. Hanafiah, Nur Atiqah Hamizan, M. A. Asyraff","doi":"10.29036/jots.v13i24.299","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29036/jots.v13i24.299","url":null,"abstract":"In the era of COVID-19, travel decisions are influenced by social norms, which is a deciding factor between one’s perception of risk and their travel intention. Moreover, serious safety measures, such as increased aircraft cleaning, social distancing during the boarding process, and the use of face masks are critical factors that influence passengers’ trust in air travel. This study examines the direct effects of safety and preventive measures and social norms on passengers’ trust in travelling with airlines. A total of 210 responses were obtained online. Multiple regression analysis was used to test the study hypotheses. Based on the result, social norms are the most influential predictors of passengers’ trust, followed by safety and preventive measures. Furthermore, the study suggests that media coverage and social circle influence can be critical elements in transferring information to passengers, influencing their decision, and instill trust to travel during the pandemic. Notably, apart from exercising social norms, the airline industry also needs to focus on safety and preventive measures consisting of staff safety practices towards the passenger and new standard operating procedures (SOPs) during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study findings assist the airline industry in understanding passengers’ post-pandemic travelling behaviour. Notably, the implementation of health security protocols at airports, supported by the provision of continuous safety information, is indeed an important feature for passengers.","PeriodicalId":43795,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tourism and Services","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42819485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study explores the mediating effects of green innovation, green image, and green perceived value on the relationship between green marketing and green behavioral intention to understand the impact of green marketing on customers’ green behavioral intentions in the context of hot-spring hotels. Additionally, the moderating effect of destination trust on the relationships among green innovation, green image, green perceived value, and the green behavioral intention was also explored. A total of 300 valid responses were collected from hot-spring hotel customers in Jiaoxi, Taiwan. Structural equation modeling was used to analyze the data. The results revealed the following: (1) green image and green perceived value mediates the relationship between green marketing and behavioral intention, among which green perceived value showed a stronger mediating effect; (2) green innovation does not mediate the relationship between green marketing and behavioral intention, implying that the degree of green innovation services provided by hot-spring hotels does not provide customers with a memorable experience; (3) the effects of green innovation, green image, and green perceived value on green behavioral intention were moderated by destination trust, indicating that hot-spring hotel operators need to pay attention to customers’ perception of destination trust. On the whole, customers’ trust in tourist areas and their recognition of the green marketing activities of hot-spring hotels seem to have green consumption value, which positively impacts customers’ green behavioral intentions, thereby bringing economic benefits to hot-spring hotels.
{"title":"How Green Marketing Influences Customers’ Green Behavioral Intentions in the Context of Hot-Spring Hotels","authors":"Yanqiang Cheng, Kuo-Chien Chang, Yi-Sung Cheng, Chu-Jin Hsiao","doi":"10.29036/jots.v13i24.352","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29036/jots.v13i24.352","url":null,"abstract":"This study explores the mediating effects of green innovation, green image, and green perceived value on the relationship between green marketing and green behavioral intention to understand the impact of green marketing on customers’ green behavioral intentions in the context of hot-spring hotels. Additionally, the moderating effect of destination trust on the relationships among green innovation, green image, green perceived value, and the green behavioral intention was also explored. A total of 300 valid responses were collected from hot-spring hotel customers in Jiaoxi, Taiwan. Structural equation modeling was used to analyze the data. The results revealed the following: (1) green image and green perceived value mediates the relationship between green marketing and behavioral intention, among which green perceived value showed a stronger mediating effect; (2) green innovation does not mediate the relationship between green marketing and behavioral intention, implying that the degree of green innovation services provided by hot-spring hotels does not provide customers with a memorable experience; (3) the effects of green innovation, green image, and green perceived value on green behavioral intention were moderated by destination trust, indicating that hot-spring hotel operators need to pay attention to customers’ perception of destination trust. On the whole, customers’ trust in tourist areas and their recognition of the green marketing activities of hot-spring hotels seem to have green consumption value, which positively impacts customers’ green behavioral intentions, thereby bringing economic benefits to hot-spring hotels.","PeriodicalId":43795,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tourism and Services","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42429976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-30DOI: 10.29036/jots.v13i24.350
R. Dušek, Nikola Sagapova
The paper focuses on the social network Instagram and its use by Czech university students during the COVID-19 pandemic lockdowns with restricted travel and services in comparison to typical Instagram activity in the pre-pandemic period. As Instagram specializes in visuals, it is perceived as an attractive online tool for promoting a wide range of products and services, including hospitality services and tourism destinations. The research aimed to determine which aspects of the use of this social network were affected by the pandemic lockdown period in 2020 among the young generation of active Instagram users. The analysis of data collected from a survey of 1138 respondents, for example, showed that students often started to follow new topics - especially in the areas of politics, health, personal development, sports, or hospitality services - in the context of the pandemic and its associated restrictions. At the same time, they started to spend more time on Instagram daily, typically 1-3 hours longer than they did in the pre-pandemic period. The analysis findings suggest that this social network should be seen as an increasingly important tool for effective online communication with the younger generation with tertiary education.
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