Pub Date : 2021-12-22DOI: 10.29036/jots.v12i23.287
Özgür Yayla, Handan Özçelik Bozkurt, Emin Arslan, H. Kendir
Environmental problems, environmental awareness, and efforts to protect the environment are among the issues that concern the whole world and that need to be acted upon. Environmental concerns, which have come to the fore, especially in recent years, are closely related to the tourism sector. The main purpose of this research is to determine the moderator role of environmental interpretations in the relationship between planned behavior levels and environmental awareness perceptions of hotel employees. The sample of the research consists of 697 employees, who worked in five-star hotels in the Alanya region between the months of August and September 2020. As the data collection method in the research, the questionnaire technique has been preferred. As a result of the data obtained from the research, the Amos program was used to test the structural model. Respectively, these analyzes are reliability analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, discriminant analysis, and regression analysis. As a consequence of the regression analysis conducted within the context of the study, it has been determined that the level of attitude, which is considered to be one of the planned behavior factors of the employees in the hotel enterprises, has a positive and significant effect on their environmental awareness. In addition, it has been determined that environmental interpretations have a moderating role in the relationship between the attitude levels and environmental awareness of the employees, participated in the research.
{"title":"The Moderator Role of Environmental Interpretations in the Relationship between Planned Behavior Level and Environmental Awareness Perception of Hotel Employees","authors":"Özgür Yayla, Handan Özçelik Bozkurt, Emin Arslan, H. Kendir","doi":"10.29036/jots.v12i23.287","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29036/jots.v12i23.287","url":null,"abstract":"Environmental problems, environmental awareness, and efforts to protect the environment are among the issues that concern the whole world and that need to be acted upon. Environmental concerns, which have come to the fore, especially in recent years, are closely related to the tourism sector. The main purpose of this research is to determine the moderator role of environmental interpretations in the relationship between planned behavior levels and environmental awareness perceptions of hotel employees. The sample of the research consists of 697 employees, who worked in five-star hotels in the Alanya region between the months of August and September 2020. As the data collection method in the research, the questionnaire technique has been preferred. As a result of the data obtained from the research, the Amos program was used to test the structural model. Respectively, these analyzes are reliability analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, discriminant analysis, and regression analysis. As a consequence of the regression analysis conducted within the context of the study, it has been determined that the level of attitude, which is considered to be one of the planned behavior factors of the employees in the hotel enterprises, has a positive and significant effect on their environmental awareness. In addition, it has been determined that environmental interpretations have a moderating role in the relationship between the attitude levels and environmental awareness of the employees, participated in the research.","PeriodicalId":43795,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tourism and Services","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41448154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-22DOI: 10.29036/jots.v12i23.275
Yelena Popova
The accelerated urbanization rate results in the birth of the Smart City concept, presupposing the more efficient use of digital technologies for the benefit of inhabitants and businesses. The idea of digital banking is one of the key issues in a smart city concept. The research should demonstrate that the efficient and effective way to produce such kind of services is to use the fintech companies’ facilities. Many researchers study fintech from a technological point of view, the contribution of fintech to general banking, the level of satisfaction of customers with fintech products. However, there is a gap in studying the economic basis of these companies. The research aims to determine the economic basis for the projects implemented by the fintech company and to determine the source of the efficiency of these companies in financial operations compared to the conventional bank. It has additional importance since the analysis of research devoted to technological solutions demonstrates a certain lacuna in the economic substantiation of such smart solutions. The results of this study are based on the implementation of traditional Cost-Benefit and Total Cost of Ownership analyses and include the developed cost and income functions, calculated Benefit/Cost ratio, and demonstrated the source of efficiency of fintech company compared to a traditional bank. Therefore, the activities of a fintech company in the area of digital banking received the economic ground, and this fact decreases the gap between intuitive comprehension of the necessity of the introduction of smart solutions in practice and the economic substantiation of this process.
{"title":"Economic Basis of Digital Banking Services Produced by FinTech Company in Smart City","authors":"Yelena Popova","doi":"10.29036/jots.v12i23.275","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29036/jots.v12i23.275","url":null,"abstract":"The accelerated urbanization rate results in the birth of the Smart City concept, presupposing the more efficient use of digital technologies for the benefit of inhabitants and businesses. The idea of digital banking is one of the key issues in a smart city concept. The research should demonstrate that the efficient and effective way to produce such kind of services is to use the fintech companies’ facilities. Many researchers study fintech from a technological point of view, the contribution of fintech to general banking, the level of satisfaction of customers with fintech products. However, there is a gap in studying the economic basis of these companies. The research aims to determine the economic basis for the projects implemented by the fintech company and to determine the source of the efficiency of these companies in financial operations compared to the conventional bank. It has additional importance since the analysis of research devoted to technological solutions demonstrates a certain lacuna in the economic substantiation of such smart solutions. The results of this study are based on the implementation of traditional Cost-Benefit and Total Cost of Ownership analyses and include the developed cost and income functions, calculated Benefit/Cost ratio, and demonstrated the source of efficiency of fintech company compared to a traditional bank. Therefore, the activities of a fintech company in the area of digital banking received the economic ground, and this fact decreases the gap between intuitive comprehension of the necessity of the introduction of smart solutions in practice and the economic substantiation of this process.","PeriodicalId":43795,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tourism and Services","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47000448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-22DOI: 10.29036/jots.v12i23.264
Muhammet Necati Çelik, Aydın Çevirgen
One of the obstacles to the success of sustainable tourism development is that the roles and responsibilities of the stakeholders in the destination are not clearly defined. This research aims to determine sustainable business practices, corporate social responsibility activities, the obstacles encountered while performing these activities, and the provided benefits within the roles and responsibilities of accommodation enterprises. The study used a phenomenology research design, a qualitative study method. A semi-structured interview form was implemented to 19 senior managers of 22 accommodation enterprises in Alanya that have environmentally friendly certificates. The results showed that the managers of the accommodation enterprises considered themselves responsible for the protection and development of the environment and that the sustainable business practices they performed were mostly ecological. It was also revealed that managers of accommodation enterprises should pay more attention to planning, which is one of the basic principles of sustainable tourism. The study’s main contribution is that it discusses sustainable business practices and corporate social responsibility activities together to determine the roles of accommodation enterprises in sustainable tourism development. Besides that, it also examines the factors that prevent sustainable business practices and their benefits. Considering that few empirical studies holistically discuss the role of accommodation enterprises in the sustainable development of tourism, this study is expected to provide a significant contribution to the literature. Deficiency of planning, mainly performing ecologically sustainable business practices, and the necessity of an effective governance system are among the implications of the research.
{"title":"The Role of Accommodation Enterprises in the Development of Sustainable Tourism","authors":"Muhammet Necati Çelik, Aydın Çevirgen","doi":"10.29036/jots.v12i23.264","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29036/jots.v12i23.264","url":null,"abstract":"One of the obstacles to the success of sustainable tourism development is that the roles and responsibilities of the stakeholders in the destination are not clearly defined. This research aims to determine sustainable business practices, corporate social responsibility activities, the obstacles encountered while performing these activities, and the provided benefits within the roles and responsibilities of accommodation enterprises. The study used a phenomenology research design, a qualitative study method. A semi-structured interview form was implemented to 19 senior managers of 22 accommodation enterprises in Alanya that have environmentally friendly certificates. The results showed that the managers of the accommodation enterprises considered themselves responsible for the protection and development of the environment and that the sustainable business practices they performed were mostly ecological. It was also revealed that managers of accommodation enterprises should pay more attention to planning, which is one of the basic principles of sustainable tourism. The study’s main contribution is that it discusses sustainable business practices and corporate social responsibility activities together to determine the roles of accommodation enterprises in sustainable tourism development. Besides that, it also examines the factors that prevent sustainable business practices and their benefits. Considering that few empirical studies holistically discuss the role of accommodation enterprises in the sustainable development of tourism, this study is expected to provide a significant contribution to the literature. Deficiency of planning, mainly performing ecologically sustainable business practices, and the necessity of an effective governance system are among the implications of the research.","PeriodicalId":43795,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tourism and Services","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43722053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-22DOI: 10.29036/jots.v12i23.269
Edward C. S. Ku
The purpose of the study is to use the advertisements of four real airline artistic endorsers to analyze the contribution of the artistic endorser to discuss possible marketing strategies through an empirical questionnaire survey approach. Data were collected from the airport. Among them, 411 valid questionnaires were finally recovered. The hypothesis of the research model was tested by the SEM approach. The artistic endorser of the airline plays the role of catalyst in the marketing process to improve the airline's operational performance; this leads to our finding that the celebrity artistic endorsement should be carefully chosen in the airlines so that the image in advertising strategies and passengers' believing in celebrity endorsement would be matched; Airline companies are searching for strategies to develop stable connecting relationships with their passengers and to increase their company revenue by strengthening marketing strategy to deliver messages by utilizing the celebrity endorsement concept of passenger preferred airline based on their trust in celebrity endorser. This study contributes celebrity endorsement to the predictability of recommendation of airlines following artistic endorser sense-making of passengers' paradigm. As expected, the recommendation of airlines is most dominantly influenced by celebrity endorsement. Through empirical research, we supplement the significance of the artistic endorser sense-making perspective.
{"title":"Artistic Endorsers are Catalysts for Airlines to Attract Passengers","authors":"Edward C. S. Ku","doi":"10.29036/jots.v12i23.269","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29036/jots.v12i23.269","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the study is to use the advertisements of four real airline artistic endorsers to analyze the contribution of the artistic endorser to discuss possible marketing strategies through an empirical questionnaire survey approach. Data were collected from the airport. Among them, 411 valid questionnaires were finally recovered. The hypothesis of the research model was tested by the SEM approach. The artistic endorser of the airline plays the role of catalyst in the marketing process to improve the airline's operational performance; this leads to our finding that the celebrity artistic endorsement should be carefully chosen in the airlines so that the image in advertising strategies and passengers' believing in celebrity endorsement would be matched; Airline companies are searching for strategies to develop stable connecting relationships with their passengers and to increase their company revenue by strengthening marketing strategy to deliver messages by utilizing the celebrity endorsement concept of passenger preferred airline based on their trust in celebrity endorser. This study contributes celebrity endorsement to the predictability of recommendation of airlines following artistic endorser sense-making of passengers' paradigm. As expected, the recommendation of airlines is most dominantly influenced by celebrity endorsement. Through empirical research, we supplement the significance of the artistic endorser sense-making perspective.","PeriodicalId":43795,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tourism and Services","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45869111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-22DOI: 10.29036/jots.v12i23.285
Maria do Rosário Mira, Z. Breda
This paper aims to fill a gap in the existing research about the internationalization of tourism destinations through a systematic review of the literature focusing on publications presented between 2007 and 2017. The research followed the assumptions of the non-probabilistic snowball sampling technique. In addition, the computer programs VosViewer, for bibliometric analysis, and NVivo 10, for content analysis were used. Tourism destinations’ internationalization is a combination of: (i) integration of organizational interest with stakeholders’ interests; (ii) understanding that what moves these elements are endogenous and exogenous business opportunities; (iii) integrating external opportunities in the destination by aligning them with its territorial identity; (iv) achieving coherence between the previous three components through the implementation of a governance model; (v) a governance model that facilitates the destination’s organization by conciliating interests, resources and opportunities; (vi) and the DMOs that coordinate the dynamics generated between the elements of this system, making it possible to organize the supply following its territorial identity. The internationalization process of tourism destinations highlights factors different from the internationalization of companies. In the first scenario, politics, planning, and territory internationalization strategies should target different kinds of reflections according to the level of intervention (local, regional, national or international). In the second, it is essential that supply is aware of investment opportunities abroad, financial packages to support businesses, innovation, and entrepreneurship. The current period exposed the fragility of the tourism sector and how external threats can influence it. Thinking about the internationalization of tourism destinations shows how important it is to organize the tourism offer in accordance with the challenges the sector faces, at the same time as explaining the role of DMOs. Until now, this theme has been mainly studied from the perspective of demand, creating a gap in the existing knowledge about the organizational systems.
{"title":"Internationalization of Tourism Destinations: Networking systems management","authors":"Maria do Rosário Mira, Z. Breda","doi":"10.29036/jots.v12i23.285","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29036/jots.v12i23.285","url":null,"abstract":"This paper aims to fill a gap in the existing research about the internationalization of tourism destinations through a systematic review of the literature focusing on publications presented between 2007 and 2017. The research followed the assumptions of the non-probabilistic snowball sampling technique. In addition, the computer programs VosViewer, for bibliometric analysis, and NVivo 10, for content analysis were used. Tourism destinations’ internationalization is a combination of: (i) integration of organizational interest with stakeholders’ interests; (ii) understanding that what moves these elements are endogenous and exogenous business opportunities; (iii) integrating external opportunities in the destination by aligning them with its territorial identity; (iv) achieving coherence between the previous three components through the implementation of a governance model; (v) a governance model that facilitates the destination’s organization by conciliating interests, resources and opportunities; (vi) and the DMOs that coordinate the dynamics generated between the elements of this system, making it possible to organize the supply following its territorial identity. The internationalization process of tourism destinations highlights factors different from the internationalization of companies. In the first scenario, politics, planning, and territory internationalization strategies should target different kinds of reflections according to the level of intervention (local, regional, national or international). In the second, it is essential that supply is aware of investment opportunities abroad, financial packages to support businesses, innovation, and entrepreneurship. The current period exposed the fragility of the tourism sector and how external threats can influence it. Thinking about the internationalization of tourism destinations shows how important it is to organize the tourism offer in accordance with the challenges the sector faces, at the same time as explaining the role of DMOs. Until now, this theme has been mainly studied from the perspective of demand, creating a gap in the existing knowledge about the organizational systems.","PeriodicalId":43795,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tourism and Services","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45401441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-22DOI: 10.29036/jots.v12i23.293
T. Pimonenko, O. Lyulyov, Yana Us
The well-developed countries have more options to attract tourists and generate profit from the tourism development. At the same time, the high volume of CO2 emissions, ecological risks, polluted nature restrict the tourism development in the country. The reorientation of global development to green growth provokes transformations in all policies of the country’s development. It allows green countries to attract more tourists. In this case, the paper aims to analyze the relationships between economic growth, ecological indicators, and tourism development. Ukraine has chosen the EU vector of development. In this case, it is necessary to identify the targets for synchronizing the Ukrainian policies (economic, ecological, social, tourism, etc.) with the EU. The objects of the investigation were Ukraine and Visegrad countries for 2000-2020 years. The panel data was generated from World Data Bank, Eurostat, European Environmental Agency, and Ukrstat. The dependent variable – GDP (as an indicator of economic growth), independent – greenhouse gas emissions and share of renewable energy in the total energy consumption (ecological indicators), the volume of tourists (indicators of tourism development). At the first stage, the study used bibliometric analysis to identify publication activities’ general tendency on the analyzed issues. The following methods were applied to check the hypothesis on cointegration between variables: panel unit root test, Pedroni panel cointegration tests, and the fully modified ordinary least squares and dynamic ordinary least squares panel cointegration techniques. The findings confirmed the relationships between economic, ecological, and tourism development. Thus, the decline of greenhouse gas emissions leads to increasing tourists, and as a consequence, it provokes GDP growth.
{"title":"Cointegration between Economic, Ecological and Tourism Development","authors":"T. Pimonenko, O. Lyulyov, Yana Us","doi":"10.29036/jots.v12i23.293","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29036/jots.v12i23.293","url":null,"abstract":"The well-developed countries have more options to attract tourists and generate profit from the tourism development. At the same time, the high volume of CO2 emissions, ecological risks, polluted nature restrict the tourism development in the country. The reorientation of global development to green growth provokes transformations in all policies of the country’s development. It allows green countries to attract more tourists. In this case, the paper aims to analyze the relationships between economic growth, ecological indicators, and tourism development. Ukraine has chosen the EU vector of development. In this case, it is necessary to identify the targets for synchronizing the Ukrainian policies (economic, ecological, social, tourism, etc.) with the EU. The objects of the investigation were Ukraine and Visegrad countries for 2000-2020 years. The panel data was generated from World Data Bank, Eurostat, European Environmental Agency, and Ukrstat. The dependent variable – GDP (as an indicator of economic growth), independent – greenhouse gas emissions and share of renewable energy in the total energy consumption (ecological indicators), the volume of tourists (indicators of tourism development). At the first stage, the study used bibliometric analysis to identify publication activities’ general tendency on the analyzed issues. The following methods were applied to check the hypothesis on cointegration between variables: panel unit root test, Pedroni panel cointegration tests, and the fully modified ordinary least squares and dynamic ordinary least squares panel cointegration techniques. The findings confirmed the relationships between economic, ecological, and tourism development. Thus, the decline of greenhouse gas emissions leads to increasing tourists, and as a consequence, it provokes GDP growth.","PeriodicalId":43795,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tourism and Services","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42736790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-22DOI: 10.29036/jots.v12i23.274
A. Chebli, B. Kadri, F. Ben Said
This study aims to study the satisfaction of national tourists with the tourism experience in the Sahara. It also seeks to examine the influence this has on the intention to return and spread positive word-of-mouth about this destination, work on its improvement to capitalize on the internal mobilities induced by COVID-19, and build a long-term relationship with them to strengthen regional attachment. Data were collected from 123 national tourists in Algeria using convenience sampling. Two analyses were carried out to process the data: a structural equation modeling approach to test and validate the hypotheses and textual analysis. The results show that among the five factors determining the quality of the Sahara experience, four factors significantly influence the satisfaction of domestic tourists: The scenic environment, the personal environment, entertainment, and reliability. It is deduced that the niche and responsible character of Saharan tourism is the main thing that satisfies tourists and ensures the success of tourism in the Sahara.
{"title":"Promotion of Domestic Tourism by Enhancing the Practice of Alternative Tourism as a Quality Measure to Satisfy and Retain National Tourists","authors":"A. Chebli, B. Kadri, F. Ben Said","doi":"10.29036/jots.v12i23.274","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29036/jots.v12i23.274","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to study the satisfaction of national tourists with the tourism experience in the Sahara. It also seeks to examine the influence this has on the intention to return and spread positive word-of-mouth about this destination, work on its improvement to capitalize on the internal mobilities induced by COVID-19, and build a long-term relationship with them to strengthen regional attachment. Data were collected from 123 national tourists in Algeria using convenience sampling. Two analyses were carried out to process the data: a structural equation modeling approach to test and validate the hypotheses and textual analysis. The results show that among the five factors determining the quality of the Sahara experience, four factors significantly influence the satisfaction of domestic tourists: The scenic environment, the personal environment, entertainment, and reliability. It is deduced that the niche and responsible character of Saharan tourism is the main thing that satisfies tourists and ensures the success of tourism in the Sahara.","PeriodicalId":43795,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tourism and Services","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47687044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-22DOI: 10.29036/jots.v12i23.328
Zdenko Metzker, J. Maroušek, Roman Hlawiczka, Jaroslav Belás, Jr., Khurram Ajaz Khan
Our research examined the attitudes of owners and managers of small and medium-sized enterprises in the V4 countries, who behave responsibly - they use corporate social responsibility in their managerial practice on issues focused on the market and operational area of business. The paper is based on a questionnaire survey with data collection from September 2019 to January 2020. Statistical methods of Pearson's chi-square and z-score were used to assess the hypotheses. The results proved that there are significant differences in companies in services and tourism in the context of implementing the CSR concept. Entrepreneurs who implement social responsibility with a significant positive difference agree that a company places great emphasis on the innovation of its products and services. Researchers found that the sector has an impact on the perception of decreasing customers' requests on specific products/services. We found that corporate social responsibility and its implementation in corporate practice positively affects the relationship of V4's small and medium enterprises in the services and tourism sector to service production innovation issues, which helps increase business performance and decline customer complaints.
{"title":"The Perception of the Market and Operational Area of Business by Service Sector and Tourism Companies in terms of CSR implementation","authors":"Zdenko Metzker, J. Maroušek, Roman Hlawiczka, Jaroslav Belás, Jr., Khurram Ajaz Khan","doi":"10.29036/jots.v12i23.328","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29036/jots.v12i23.328","url":null,"abstract":"Our research examined the attitudes of owners and managers of small and medium-sized enterprises in the V4 countries, who behave responsibly - they use corporate social responsibility in their managerial practice on issues focused on the market and operational area of business. The paper is based on a questionnaire survey with data collection from September 2019 to January 2020. Statistical methods of Pearson's chi-square and z-score were used to assess the hypotheses. The results proved that there are significant differences in companies in services and tourism in the context of implementing the CSR concept. Entrepreneurs who implement social responsibility with a significant positive difference agree that a company places great emphasis on the innovation of its products and services. Researchers found that the sector has an impact on the perception of decreasing customers' requests on specific products/services. We found that corporate social responsibility and its implementation in corporate practice positively affects the relationship of V4's small and medium enterprises in the services and tourism sector to service production innovation issues, which helps increase business performance and decline customer complaints.","PeriodicalId":43795,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tourism and Services","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47413718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-30DOI: 10.29036/jots.v12i22.256
R. Machová, Enikő Korcsmáros, Monika Esseová, Roland Marča
Over the last year, many things have changed in every field as a consequence of the COVID-19 pandemic. Given the rapid spread of the coronavirus, the heads of states and governments had to respond to the virus forthwith. As government restrictions have been introduced, people started to reconsider their decisions in terms of consumption and saving. The closures affected many areas that changed people's daily lives. As a result, new trends have appeared, for instance, in the tourism field and people's shopping habits. The data were collected among Slovak and Hungarian citizens through surveys as a quantitative method. Nonparametric Pearson's chi-square test, Spearman's rho correlation test, and Mann-Whitney U tests were performed to analyze six formulated hypotheses. For the latter, it was necessary to carry out normality tests. The main purpose of this article is to give an international comparison in questions whether people will prefer domestic tourism over foreign one if people prefer domestic traders' products or foreign traders' products, whether the respondents buy online more frequently due to the pandemic, if they spend less on leisure travel and whether they think that the interest in e-commerce continues to grow. As a result of the research, it can be declared that both Slovak and Hungarian people traders prefer buying domestic traders' products instead of foreign traders' ones, while the Hungarian respondents shop online more frequently. The results pointed out that Slovak respondents will prefer domestic tourism over foreign tourism.
{"title":"Changing Trends of Shopping Habits and Tourism During the Second Wave of COVID-19 – International Comparison","authors":"R. Machová, Enikő Korcsmáros, Monika Esseová, Roland Marča","doi":"10.29036/jots.v12i22.256","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29036/jots.v12i22.256","url":null,"abstract":"Over the last year, many things have changed in every field as a consequence of the COVID-19 pandemic. Given the rapid spread of the coronavirus, the heads of states and governments had to respond to the virus forthwith. As government restrictions have been introduced, people started to reconsider their decisions in terms of consumption and saving. The closures affected many areas that changed people's daily lives. As a result, new trends have appeared, for instance, in the tourism field and people's shopping habits. The data were collected among Slovak and Hungarian citizens through surveys as a quantitative method. Nonparametric Pearson's chi-square test, Spearman's rho correlation test, and Mann-Whitney U tests were performed to analyze six formulated hypotheses. For the latter, it was necessary to carry out normality tests. The main purpose of this article is to give an international comparison in questions whether people will prefer domestic tourism over foreign one if people prefer domestic traders' products or foreign traders' products, whether the respondents buy online more frequently due to the pandemic, if they spend less on leisure travel and whether they think that the interest in e-commerce continues to grow. As a result of the research, it can be declared that both Slovak and Hungarian people traders prefer buying domestic traders' products instead of foreign traders' ones, while the Hungarian respondents shop online more frequently. The results pointed out that Slovak respondents will prefer domestic tourism over foreign tourism.","PeriodicalId":43795,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tourism and Services","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42942802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-30DOI: 10.29036/jots.v12i22.237
E. Üngüren, Salih Tellioglu, Nazlı Türker
Identifying the importance and satisfaction of hotel attributes in the eyes of tourists and their role in building customer loyalty is critical for improving the service quality. Therefore, in our study, customers' importance and performance perceptions regarding the services offered by accommodation businesses were examined in terms of customers’ nationalities. Our research has two main objectives. The first objective is to determine the importance and performance perceptions of the services provided by the hotels according to the nationalities of the customers using the using importance-performance analysis (IPA) model and to compare the perceptions of importance-performance according to nationality. The second aim is to determine the effect of satisfaction perceptions regarding hotel services on customer loyalty according to customer nationality. The research was designed as a survey-based quantitative research methodology. Convenience sampling was used, which is a non-random sampling method. Data were obtained from 1153 German, Russian, and Turkish tourists accommodating in five-star hotels in Alanya, Turkey. A gap analysis was conducted using pairwise t-tests to evaluate whether the importance and performance perceptions of the participants differed. IPA was conducted with attributes being graphically displayed on the I-P grids. The impact of hotel service satisfaction on customer loyalty was investigated using regression analysis. The research findings reveal that customers' performance perceptions and services attach importance to differ significantly by nationality. And also, it was concluded that satisfaction with the services provided in accommodation businesses has a significant effect on customer loyalty and that this effect differs in customer groups. Determining satisfaction factors affecting customer loyalty according to customer characteristics make a significant contribution to service quality improvement. In this context, the research results provide practical and theoretical contributions to how customer satisfaction and customer loyalty can be improved according to market groups.
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