The V de resultative construction has been an intriguing issue in Chinese linguistics. Theories have been put forth regarding what the morpheme de (here called deresult to avoid confusion) does in this construction. In this article, the preexisting theories are empirically questioned. It is shown that the presence of deresult is not obligatory when the result predicate takes some special forms. A procedural account is proposed of how the typical V deresult construction and its variants deliver the same logical form although they involve different functional morphemes. As a bonus, this account provides an improved model explaining the phenomenon that the V deresult construction can have multiple readings.
V de 结果结构一直是汉语语言学中一个引人入胜的问题。关于词素 de（为避免混淆，此处称为 de result）在这一结构中的作用，已经有很多理论被提出。本文从经验角度对已有理论提出质疑。研究表明，当结果谓词采用某些特殊形式时，de result 的存在并不是强制性的。文章提出了一个程序性的解释，说明典型的 V de result 结构及其变体如何提供相同的逻辑形式，尽管它们涉及不同的功能词素。此外，这一解释还提供了一个更好的模型，解释了 V de 结果结构可以有多种读法的现象。
{"title":"The syntactic variety and semantic unity of the V de resultative construction in Mandarin Chinese","authors":"Wenshan Li","doi":"10.1515/psicl-2023-0042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/psicl-2023-0042","url":null,"abstract":"The V <jats:italic>de</jats:italic> resultative construction has been an intriguing issue in Chinese linguistics. Theories have been put forth regarding what the morpheme <jats:italic>de</jats:italic> (here called <jats:italic>de</jats:italic> <jats:sub>result</jats:sub> to avoid confusion) does in this construction. In this article, the preexisting theories are empirically questioned. It is shown that the presence of <jats:italic>de</jats:italic> <jats:sub>result</jats:sub> is not obligatory when the result predicate takes some special forms. A procedural account is proposed of how the typical V <jats:italic>de</jats:italic> <jats:sub>result</jats:sub> construction and its variants deliver the same logical form although they involve different functional morphemes. As a bonus, this account provides an improved model explaining the phenomenon that the V <jats:italic>de</jats:italic> <jats:sub>result</jats:sub> construction can have multiple readings.","PeriodicalId":43804,"journal":{"name":"Poznan Studies in Contemporary Linguistics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141166269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Using a corpus-based multi-dimensional analysis, this study investigates the linguistic features and variation of corporate blogs from four industries: Service industry, the Wholesale and Retail Trade industry, the Manufacturing industry, and Information industry. The primary goal of this study is to examine the linguistic variation in corporate blogs from different industries. The data used for the current study is a 570,745-word corpus consisting of 995 textual posts from 40 top-ranked corporate blogs. In the multi-dimensional analysis, 67 linguistic features in the corpus are tagged, counted and normalized by using a Multidimensional Analysis Tagger (MAT). We imported the output files containing relevant statistical information from the MAT and then to SPSS 25.0 for a further t-test analysis. Overall, the corporate blogs are closest to the text type of general narrative exposition. The study finds that, as a hybrid genre, corporate blogs are basically informationally dense, non-narrative, interactive, and contextually independent. There are some statistically significant differences between four sub-corpora in corporate blogs. In particular, the Wholesale & Retail Trade sub-corpus is the most distinctive one that is significantly different from others on many dimensions, characterized by giving instructions, or telling stories, rather than persuading their audiences to do something.
本研究采用基于语料库的多维分析方法，研究了四个行业的企业博客的语言特点和差异：服务业、批发和零售业、制造业以及信息业。本研究的主要目的是考察不同行业企业博客的语言差异。本研究使用的数据是一个 570,745 字的语料库，由来自 40 个排名靠前的企业博客的 995 篇文本文章组成。在多维分析中，我们使用多维分析标记器（MAT）对语料库中的 67 个语言特征进行了标记、统计和归一化处理。我们将包含相关统计信息的输出文件从 MAT 中导入，然后导入 SPSS 25.0 进行进一步的 t 检验分析。总体而言，企业博客最接近于一般叙事论述的文本类型。研究发现，作为一种混合体裁，企业博客基本上具有信息密集、非叙述性、交互性和上下文独立性等特点。在统计意义上，企业博客的四个子群之间存在一些显著差异。其中，批发与零售业子语料库最为独特，在许多方面都与其他子语料库有显著差异，其特点是发出指令或讲述故事，而不是说服受众去做某事。
{"title":"A multi-dimensional analysis of corporate blogs","authors":"Yang Wu, Hui Ren","doi":"10.1515/psicl-2022-1080","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/psicl-2022-1080","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Using a corpus-based multi-dimensional analysis, this study investigates the linguistic features and variation of corporate blogs from four industries: Service industry, the Wholesale and Retail Trade industry, the Manufacturing industry, and Information industry. The primary goal of this study is to examine the linguistic variation in corporate blogs from different industries. The data used for the current study is a 570,745-word corpus consisting of 995 textual posts from 40 top-ranked corporate blogs. In the multi-dimensional analysis, 67 linguistic features in the corpus are tagged, counted and normalized by using a Multidimensional Analysis Tagger (MAT). We imported the output files containing relevant statistical information from the MAT and then to SPSS 25.0 for a further t-test analysis. Overall, the corporate blogs are closest to the text type of general narrative exposition. The study finds that, as a hybrid genre, corporate blogs are basically informationally dense, non-narrative, interactive, and contextually independent. There are some statistically significant differences between four sub-corpora in corporate blogs. In particular, the Wholesale & Retail Trade sub-corpus is the most distinctive one that is significantly different from others on many dimensions, characterized by giving instructions, or telling stories, rather than persuading their audiences to do something.","PeriodicalId":43804,"journal":{"name":"Poznan Studies in Contemporary Linguistics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141114268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The way and degree to which people in different cultures consider a metaphor to be appropriate, acceptable, or apt has been the subject of controversy in recent decades. According to structure-mapping models, metaphors are understood by mapping relations from the base domain to relations in the target domain. However, previous research lacks literature on cross-cultural contexts and differences in the degree of acceptability of metaphors in different cultures. To address this gap, in this study we examined cross-cultural differences in metaphor aptness among participants from three different cultures. We developed two questionnaires, an acceptability judgment-task and a parallel-relation test using the COCA (English), PLDB (Persian), and KorAP (German) corpus databases. The results suggest striking differences in the acceptance of a metaphor in different cultures where the vehicle of a metaphor is not present. It is suggested that metaphors are considered apt through the process of categorizing the salient features that are considered structurally similar. This idea is partially consistent with studies that support class-inclusion models which suggest that hearers place the topic of a metaphor in a category in which the vehicle fits. The absence of a domain (whether topic or vehicle) may lead to unacceptability of a metaphor. Lack of cultural background in the use of these words hinders the process of finding a salient feature between them and the counter domain in a metaphor to form an appropriate alignment.
{"title":"Metaphors across cultures","authors":"Hassan Banaruee, Danyal Farsani, Omid Khatin-Zadeh, Zahra Eskandari","doi":"10.1515/psicl-2023-0035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/psicl-2023-0035","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The way and degree to which people in different cultures consider a metaphor to be appropriate, acceptable, or apt has been the subject of controversy in recent decades. According to structure-mapping models, metaphors are understood by mapping relations from the base domain to relations in the target domain. However, previous research lacks literature on cross-cultural contexts and differences in the degree of acceptability of metaphors in different cultures. To address this gap, in this study we examined cross-cultural differences in metaphor aptness among participants from three different cultures. We developed two questionnaires, an acceptability judgment-task and a parallel-relation test using the COCA (English), PLDB (Persian), and KorAP (German) corpus databases. The results suggest striking differences in the acceptance of a metaphor in different cultures where the vehicle of a metaphor is not present. It is suggested that metaphors are considered apt through the process of categorizing the salient features that are considered structurally similar. This idea is partially consistent with studies that support class-inclusion models which suggest that hearers place the topic of a metaphor in a category in which the vehicle fits. The absence of a domain (whether topic or vehicle) may lead to unacceptability of a metaphor. Lack of cultural background in the use of these words hinders the process of finding a salient feature between them and the counter domain in a metaphor to form an appropriate alignment.","PeriodicalId":43804,"journal":{"name":"Poznan Studies in Contemporary Linguistics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140970838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Using the GiNZA v4 natural language processing library, this study examines the case marking richness and word order flexibility in Japanese dialects across 47 regions to investigate the dynamic self-adaptation within the language subsystem, specifically morphology and syntax. Case marking richness is evaluated using the moving-average mean size of paradigm, while word order flexibility is assessed through entropy. The findings reveal a positive correlation between case marking richness and word order flexibility, providing empirical support for the “complexity trade-off hypothesis”. Leveraging the distinct morphosyntactic features inherent in dialects, this study proposes a hypothesis for categorizing Japanese dialects.
{"title":"Complexity trade-off in morphosyntactic module: suggestions from Japanese dialects","authors":"Wenchao Li, Haitao Liu","doi":"10.1515/psicl-2023-0054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/psicl-2023-0054","url":null,"abstract":"Using the GiNZA v4 natural language processing library, this study examines the case marking richness and word order flexibility in Japanese dialects across 47 regions to investigate the dynamic self-adaptation within the language subsystem, specifically morphology and syntax. Case marking richness is evaluated using the moving-average mean size of paradigm, while word order flexibility is assessed through entropy. The findings reveal a positive correlation between case marking richness and word order flexibility, providing empirical support for the “complexity trade-off hypothesis”. Leveraging the distinct morphosyntactic features inherent in dialects, this study proposes a hypothesis for categorizing Japanese dialects.","PeriodicalId":43804,"journal":{"name":"Poznan Studies in Contemporary Linguistics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140935535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Access to speech datasets is essential for the effective use of modern ASR systems in low-resource languages like Polish. However, the lack of centralized information and metadata describing available datasets poses a significant challenge to researchers and practitioners. In this paper, we address this issue by presenting the most comprehensive survey of Polish ASR speech datasets to date. We manually curated information on 53 publicly available datasets and annotated them with 61 attributes, providing a comprehensive catalog of these resources. The catalog facilitates the discovery and evaluation of available datasets, enabling researchers to identify datasets that suit their specific needs. It also enables the identification of gaps in the existing datasets, which may inform future research directions. The catalog is open and community-driven, which means that new data sets can be added and issues can be reported, ensuring its continued relevance and usefulness to the ASR community. Our work contributes to improving the accessibility and usability of ASR systems in low-resource languages such as Polish.
获取语音数据集对于在波兰语等低资源语言中有效使用现代 ASR 系统至关重要。然而，缺乏描述可用数据集的集中信息和元数据给研究人员和从业人员带来了巨大挑战。在本文中，我们通过提供迄今为止最全面的波兰语 ASR 语音数据集调查来解决这一问题。我们手动整理了 53 个公开可用数据集的信息，并为它们标注了 61 个属性，从而提供了这些资源的综合目录。该目录有助于发现和评估可用的数据集，使研究人员能够找到适合其特定需求的数据集。它还能发现现有数据集中的空白，为未来的研究方向提供参考。该目录是开放的，由社区驱动，这意味着可以添加新的数据集，也可以报告问题，从而确保其对 ASR 社区的持续相关性和实用性。我们的工作有助于提高波兰语等低资源语言 ASR 系统的可访问性和可用性。
{"title":"A survey of Polish ASR speech datasets","authors":"Michał Junczyk","doi":"10.1515/psicl-2023-0019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/psicl-2023-0019","url":null,"abstract":"Access to speech datasets is essential for the effective use of modern ASR systems in low-resource languages like Polish. However, the lack of centralized information and metadata describing available datasets poses a significant challenge to researchers and practitioners. In this paper, we address this issue by presenting the most comprehensive survey of Polish ASR speech datasets to date. We manually curated information on 53 publicly available datasets and annotated them with 61 attributes, providing a comprehensive catalog of these resources. The catalog facilitates the discovery and evaluation of available datasets, enabling researchers to identify datasets that suit their specific needs. It also enables the identification of gaps in the existing datasets, which may inform future research directions. The catalog is open and community-driven, which means that new data sets can be added and issues can be reported, ensuring its continued relevance and usefulness to the ASR community. Our work contributes to improving the accessibility and usability of ASR systems in low-resource languages such as Polish.","PeriodicalId":43804,"journal":{"name":"Poznan Studies in Contemporary Linguistics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140016862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The present study investigates the effects of late sign language acquisition on the linguistic strategies used in the first introductions of inanimate objects through comparisons between narrations produced by deaf signers exposed to sign language after early childhood (i.e., late signers) and those of deaf signers acquiring sign language from birth (i.e., native signers). According to the results, late sign language acquisition has no hindering effect on the acquisition of the linguistic strategies used in the first introductions of inanimate objects. In addition, both native and late-signing children do not display adult-like patterns. This study suggests that the acquisition of referent introduction seems to be resilient to the effects of late sign language exposure. It also highlights the necessity of more research on different domains to gain insights into the narrative skills of late signers.
{"title":"Investigating the effects of late sign language acquisition on referent introduction: a follow-up study","authors":"Cansu Gür","doi":"10.1515/psicl-2022-1024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/psicl-2022-1024","url":null,"abstract":"The present study investigates the effects of late sign language acquisition on the linguistic strategies used in the first introductions of inanimate objects through comparisons between narrations produced by deaf signers exposed to sign language after early childhood (i.e., late signers) and those of deaf signers acquiring sign language from birth (i.e., native signers). According to the results, late sign language acquisition has no hindering effect on the acquisition of the linguistic strategies used in the first introductions of inanimate objects. In addition, both native and late-signing children do not display adult-like patterns. This study suggests that the acquisition of referent introduction seems to be resilient to the effects of late sign language exposure. It also highlights the necessity of more research on different domains to gain insights into the narrative skills of late signers.","PeriodicalId":43804,"journal":{"name":"Poznan Studies in Contemporary Linguistics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139945468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study aims to re-examine the essential notion of “gap” in the studies of relative clauses. Following Creissels’ (Creissels, Denis. 2006. Syntaxe générale: une introduction typologique. Paris: Hermès; Creissels, Denis. 2019. Remarks on the typology of noun-modifying clause constructions. Paper presented at the Conference of Complex Sentences, Central China Normal University, 26–29 July) discussion, we argue that there are at least three types of gaps in terms of their respective compositions, namely the gap corresponding to a zero-marked constituent, the gap corresponding to a case-marked constituent, and the gap corresponding to an adposition-marked constituent. This classification, which is not based on the grammatical relation of the relativized constituent in the relative clause but focuses on the composition of the gap, can better explain the existence of the so-called “enlarged gap”, a special type of gap that has been almost completely ignored so far. Moreover, this marking-based approach can shed new light on Keenan and Comrie’s (Keenan, Edward & Bernard Comrie. 1977. Noun phrase accessibility and universal grammar. Linguistic Inquiry 8(1). 63–99) Accessibility Hierarchy. In particular, we argue that some interplay of the syntactic position and the morphological marking of a syntactic object determines whether the constituent can be relativized.
本研究旨在重新审视相对从句研究中 "间隙 "这一基本概念。根据 Creissels（Creissels, Denis.2006.Syntaxe générale: une introduction typologique.Paris: Hermès; Creissels, Denis.2019.关于名词修饰从句结构类型学的评论。在华中师范大学复杂句会议上的论文，7 月 26-29 日）讨论中，我们认为从各自的成分来看，至少有三种类型的间隙，即与零标记成分相对应的间隙、与大小写标记成分相对应的间隙和与副词标记成分相对应的间隙。这种分类不以相对从句中相对化成分的语法关系为基础，而是以间隙的构成为重点，可以更好地解释所谓的 "扩大的间隙 "这种迄今为止几乎完全被忽视的特殊类型间隙的存在。此外，这种基于标记的方法还能为 Keenan 和 Comrie（Keenan, Edward & Bernard Comrie.1977.名词短语的可及性和通用语法。Linguistic Inquiry 8(1).63-99）的可及性层次结构。特别是，我们认为句法位置和句法对象的形态标记之间的相互作用决定了该成分是否可以相对化。
{"title":"“Gap” matters: reflections on the notion of “gap” of relative clauses","authors":"Tong Wu, Yaohua Luo, Renfei Xiao","doi":"10.1515/psicl-2022-1032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/psicl-2022-1032","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to re-examine the essential notion of “gap” in the studies of relative clauses. Following Creissels’ (Creissels, Denis. 2006. <jats:italic>Syntaxe générale: une introduction typologique</jats:italic>. Paris: Hermès; Creissels, Denis. 2019. Remarks on the typology of noun-modifying clause constructions. Paper presented at the Conference of Complex Sentences, Central China Normal University, 26–29 July) discussion, we argue that there are at least three types of gaps in terms of their respective compositions, namely the gap corresponding to a zero-marked constituent, the gap corresponding to a case-marked constituent, and the gap corresponding to an adposition-marked constituent. This classification, which is not based on the grammatical relation of the relativized constituent in the relative clause but focuses on the composition of the gap, can better explain the existence of the so-called “enlarged gap”, a special type of gap that has been almost completely ignored so far. Moreover, this marking-based approach can shed new light on Keenan and Comrie’s (Keenan, Edward & Bernard Comrie. 1977. Noun phrase accessibility and universal grammar. <jats:italic>Linguistic Inquiry</jats:italic> 8(1). 63–99) Accessibility Hierarchy. In particular, we argue that some interplay of the syntactic position and the morphological marking of a syntactic object determines whether the constituent can be relativized.","PeriodicalId":43804,"journal":{"name":"Poznan Studies in Contemporary Linguistics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139917757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jeong-Seok Kim, Duk-Ho Jung, Jee Young Lee, Su-Hyuk Yoon
Korean coordination allows non-final conjuncts to appear either without a tensed verb as in gapping (aka right-node-raising or right-peripheral ellipsis) or without a verbal tense morpheme as in bare ko-coordination. This study uses an acceptability judgment experiment designed to investigate whether tense mismatches degrade the acceptability of Korean gapping and bare ko-coordination with reference to full coordination. The experimental findings of the study indicate that tense-matched gapping is preferred over tense-mismatched gapping and that tense-matched bare ko-coordination is preferred over tense-mismatched bare ko-coordination. The results of the study also demonstrate that temporal order, whether it is sequential or reverse, does not affect the acceptability of Korean gapping and bare ko-coordination because tense-mismatched violations are symmetric so that they cause to affect all conjuncts. Overall, this study discusses how the phenomena of tense-mismatches are accounted for in full coordination, bare ko-coordination, and gapping. The tense-mismatches in these constructions are due to differences in conjunct size. The conjunct size is TP in full coordination (with two overt Ts) and bare-ko coordination (with a null T in the first conjunct and an overt T in the second conjunct), while it is vP in gapping (with an overt T in the second conjunct).
{"title":"Tense mismatches in Korean gapping and bare ko-coordination: an experimental study","authors":"Jeong-Seok Kim, Duk-Ho Jung, Jee Young Lee, Su-Hyuk Yoon","doi":"10.1515/psicl-2023-0012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/psicl-2023-0012","url":null,"abstract":"Korean coordination allows non-final conjuncts to appear either without a tensed verb as in gapping (<jats:italic>aka</jats:italic> right-node-raising or right-peripheral ellipsis) or without a verbal tense morpheme as in bare <jats:italic>ko-</jats:italic>coordination. This study uses an acceptability judgment experiment designed to investigate whether tense mismatches degrade the acceptability of Korean gapping and bare <jats:italic>ko-</jats:italic>coordination with reference to full coordination. The experimental findings of the study indicate that tense-matched gapping is preferred over tense-mismatched gapping and that tense-matched bare <jats:italic>ko</jats:italic>-coordination is preferred over tense-mismatched bare <jats:italic>ko</jats:italic>-coordination. The results of the study also demonstrate that temporal order, whether it is sequential or reverse, does not affect the acceptability of Korean gapping and bare <jats:italic>ko-</jats:italic>coordination because tense-mismatched violations are symmetric so that they cause to affect all conjuncts. Overall, this study discusses how the phenomena of tense-mismatches are accounted for in full coordination, bare <jats:italic>ko-</jats:italic>coordination, and gapping. The tense-mismatches in these constructions are due to differences in conjunct size. The conjunct size is TP in full coordination (with two overt Ts) and bare-<jats:italic>ko</jats:italic> coordination (with a null T in the first conjunct and an overt T in the second conjunct), while it is vP in gapping (with an overt T in the second conjunct).","PeriodicalId":43804,"journal":{"name":"Poznan Studies in Contemporary Linguistics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139583424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Infinitival clauses are known to represent a caseless domain for the subject. Nevertheless, Russian is often cited as an exception to this property. It has a so-called “dative-infinitive construction” (DIC), in which an overt subject appears in dative case. Dative morphology also appears in certain control environments, resurfacing on a semi-predicate, which has been taken as evidence of case presence on PRO. This paper scrutinizes various types of DIC and proposes their unified analysis, relying on two theoretical tools: the framework of Distributed Morphology and the Universal Spine Hypothesis. Examining the building blocks of the infinitival clause in Russian, this paper argues against a covert-modal hypothesis. The dative case is attributed to a to-like functional head, Goal, which anchors the infinitival clause to a contextually salient point in time or a world of evaluation. Within the clausal spine, GoalP can either immediately dominate VoiceP or be immediately dominated by CP. The proposed analysis builds upon the concept of “goal-oriented directedness”, borrowed from the cognitive-functionalist literature and formalized in a generative perspective. Application of this analysis to control environments leads to a conclusion that two types of infinitival domains should be differentiated in Russian: full-fledged (GoalP-containing) CPs and bare infinitival phrases.
{"title":"Infinitival clauses with dative subjects: goal-oriented directedness in space and time","authors":"Egor Tsedryk","doi":"10.1515/psicl-2022-1066","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/psicl-2022-1066","url":null,"abstract":"Infinitival clauses are known to represent a caseless domain for the subject. Nevertheless, Russian is often cited as an exception to this property. It has a so-called “dative-infinitive construction” (DIC), in which an overt subject appears in dative case. Dative morphology also appears in certain control environments, resurfacing on a semi-predicate, which has been taken as evidence of case presence on PRO. This paper scrutinizes various types of DIC and proposes their unified analysis, relying on two theoretical tools: the framework of Distributed Morphology and the Universal Spine Hypothesis. Examining the building blocks of the infinitival clause in Russian, this paper argues against a covert-modal hypothesis. The dative case is attributed to a <jats:italic>to</jats:italic>-like functional head, Goal, which anchors the infinitival clause to a contextually salient point in time or a world of evaluation. Within the clausal spine, GoalP can either immediately dominate VoiceP or be immediately dominated by CP. The proposed analysis builds upon the concept of “goal-oriented directedness”, borrowed from the cognitive-functionalist literature and formalized in a generative perspective. Application of this analysis to control environments leads to a conclusion that two types of infinitival domains should be differentiated in Russian: full-fledged (GoalP-containing) CPs and bare infinitival phrases.","PeriodicalId":43804,"journal":{"name":"Poznan Studies in Contemporary Linguistics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138515822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article aims to provide a concise overview of the most relevant topics concerning the implementation of acceptability judgments in generative research. The first part focuses on theoretical issues, including the reasons underlying the prevalence of acceptability judgments, the skepticism towards the wide use of informal judgments, the arguments for and against the continued use of informal data points and the challenges related to experimental data collection and the gradient nature of judgments. The second part further explores the concept of gradient acceptability and its different sources. We suggest that violations of soft constraints correspond with partial acceptability, unlike violations of hard constraints, which cause strong unacceptability. Based on our investigation of selected partially acceptable syntactic phenomena in Polish, we show that their syntactic accounts can also benefit from the inclusion of non-syntactic factors, which can be more reliably identified via experimental methodology. More specifically, we propose that (i) the lack of subject orientation of pronominal possessives could be attributed to lexical ambiguity, (ii) coreference of possessive cataphora is facilitated by antecedent backgrounding and (iii) WCO is improved by focus marking of the possessive pronoun, (iv) while processing of the last two structures could be ameliorated with more informative fillers.
{"title":"A panoramic view of acceptability judgments in Polish generative linguistics","authors":"Paulina Łęska-Bayraktar, Sylwiusz Żychliński","doi":"10.1515/psicl-2022-1067","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/psicl-2022-1067","url":null,"abstract":"This article aims to provide a concise overview of the most relevant topics concerning the implementation of acceptability judgments in generative research. The first part focuses on theoretical issues, including the reasons underlying the prevalence of acceptability judgments, the skepticism towards the wide use of informal judgments, the arguments for and against the continued use of informal data points and the challenges related to experimental data collection and the gradient nature of judgments. The second part further explores the concept of gradient acceptability and its different sources. We suggest that violations of soft constraints correspond with partial acceptability, unlike violations of hard constraints, which cause strong unacceptability. Based on our investigation of selected partially acceptable syntactic phenomena in Polish, we show that their syntactic accounts can also benefit from the inclusion of non-syntactic factors, which can be more reliably identified via experimental methodology. More specifically, we propose that (i) the lack of subject orientation of pronominal possessives could be attributed to lexical ambiguity, (ii) coreference of possessive cataphora is facilitated by antecedent backgrounding and (iii) WCO is improved by focus marking of the possessive pronoun, (iv) while processing of the last two structures could be ameliorated with more informative fillers.","PeriodicalId":43804,"journal":{"name":"Poznan Studies in Contemporary Linguistics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138518423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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