Abstract “Dla” and “ku” are widely considered to be multifunctional and polysemous prepositions sharing at least some semantic components. While agreeing with their wide functional spectrum, the author argues for them to be monosemous: “dla” brings a positive evaluation of something from a given perspective, whereas “ku” points to something happening when something else occurs. By analysing their connectivity and interchangeability, the author proves that, against lexicographic descriptions, the semantic structures of these prepositions are not identical and, in fact, do not share any semantic components. The semantic differences between the two prepositions make them prone to different types of contexts. “Dla” appears in purposive-intentional and benefactive contexts and collocates with various types of nouns, from gerunds to personal nouns. “Ku” prefers resultative sentences, in which it introduces a special stylistic tone of sobriety. Due to this, possible collocations of this preposition are very limited, and many are reported to be undergoing lexicalization.
{"title":"Are Polish “DLA” and “KU” really synonymic purposive prepositions?","authors":"A. Kisiel","doi":"10.1515/psicl-2022-0013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/psicl-2022-0013","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract “Dla” and “ku” are widely considered to be multifunctional and polysemous prepositions sharing at least some semantic components. While agreeing with their wide functional spectrum, the author argues for them to be monosemous: “dla” brings a positive evaluation of something from a given perspective, whereas “ku” points to something happening when something else occurs. By analysing their connectivity and interchangeability, the author proves that, against lexicographic descriptions, the semantic structures of these prepositions are not identical and, in fact, do not share any semantic components. The semantic differences between the two prepositions make them prone to different types of contexts. “Dla” appears in purposive-intentional and benefactive contexts and collocates with various types of nouns, from gerunds to personal nouns. “Ku” prefers resultative sentences, in which it introduces a special stylistic tone of sobriety. Due to this, possible collocations of this preposition are very limited, and many are reported to be undergoing lexicalization.","PeriodicalId":43804,"journal":{"name":"Poznan Studies in Contemporary Linguistics","volume":"12 1","pages":"227 - 252"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72791959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Previous research on similarity avoidance has focused on such phonological factors as featural similarity and adjacency. This paper additionally investigates the phonology-morphology interface and draws attention to morphological and lexical effects of similarity avoidance. Avoidance of identical or similar sounds may give rise to a variety of strategies, including periphrastic category formation, an unexpected allomorph of the stem or affix and a lexical gap. It is argued that, although similarity avoidance has a universal basis in language processing, the various strategies to implement it are construction specific. In particular, it is shown that one construction may exhibit a different scope of OCP effects than another, which entails that the constraints regulating OCP effects should be morphosyntactically indexed, in turn requiring reference to multiple cophonologies with distinct properties. A novel finding is that cophonologies may be delimited by the syntactic category of the base of category formation. Drawing on the insight of Construction Morphology, the analysis represents dissimilation as an interaction of construction-specific OCP constraints with schemas that include reference to the base. In order to derive the gradience of OCP effects, the relevant constraints are ranked on the basis of a similarity metric and formal complexity. The proposed constraint-based analysis aims to represent the construction-specific strategies for dealing with dissimilation and capture the observed gradience of the pressure.
{"title":"Construction-specific effects of phonological similarity avoidance","authors":"Bartłomiej Czaplicki","doi":"10.1515/psicl-2022-0010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/psicl-2022-0010","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Previous research on similarity avoidance has focused on such phonological factors as featural similarity and adjacency. This paper additionally investigates the phonology-morphology interface and draws attention to morphological and lexical effects of similarity avoidance. Avoidance of identical or similar sounds may give rise to a variety of strategies, including periphrastic category formation, an unexpected allomorph of the stem or affix and a lexical gap. It is argued that, although similarity avoidance has a universal basis in language processing, the various strategies to implement it are construction specific. In particular, it is shown that one construction may exhibit a different scope of OCP effects than another, which entails that the constraints regulating OCP effects should be morphosyntactically indexed, in turn requiring reference to multiple cophonologies with distinct properties. A novel finding is that cophonologies may be delimited by the syntactic category of the base of category formation. Drawing on the insight of Construction Morphology, the analysis represents dissimilation as an interaction of construction-specific OCP constraints with schemas that include reference to the base. In order to derive the gradience of OCP effects, the relevant constraints are ranked on the basis of a similarity metric and formal complexity. The proposed constraint-based analysis aims to represent the construction-specific strategies for dealing with dissimilation and capture the observed gradience of the pressure.","PeriodicalId":43804,"journal":{"name":"Poznan Studies in Contemporary Linguistics","volume":"9 1","pages":"159 - 204"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74831216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract The aim of this research is to investigate the relation between musical aptitude and the acquisition of L2 rhythm by Polish advanced learners of English. A longitudinal study was conducted among 50 Polish students of English reading the “Please Call Stella” passage before and after an intensive two-semester accent training course supplemented by an extensive practical course in English phonetics and phonology. Participants also completed two musical hearing tests (Mandell 2009) and a survey on musical experience. Automated alignment was performed in DARLA (Reddy and Stanford 2015) and reviewed in Praat (Boersma and Weenink 2019). We compared the rhythm metrics calculated in Correlatore (Mairano and Romano 2010) before and after training and juxtaposed them against the pronunciation teachers’ results. We reported a significant difference between the scores for vocalic intervals across all rhythm metrics, indicating that participants’ produced higher vocalic variation after training, more similar to their teachers. However, we observed no significant relationship between the participants’ rhythm metric scores and their musical hearing test scores or musical experience, suggesting that musical aptitude might not play a crucial role in the L2 rhythm production in a formal academic learning environment.
摘要本研究旨在探讨波兰高级英语学习者的音乐天赋与第二语言节奏习得之间的关系。我们对50名波兰学生进行了一项纵向研究，他们在两个学期的强化口音训练课程之前和之后阅读了“请打电话给斯特拉”这一段落，并辅以广泛的英语语音和音韵学实践课程。参与者还完成了两项音乐听力测试(Mandell 2009)和一项音乐体验调查。在DARLA进行了自动校准(Reddy和Stanford 2015)，并在Praat进行了审查(Boersma和Weenink 2019)。我们比较了培训前后在Correlatore (Mairano and Romano 2010)中计算的节奏指标，并将其与发音教师的结果进行对比。我们报告了所有节奏指标的语音间隔得分之间的显著差异，表明参与者在训练后产生了更高的语音变化，更类似于他们的老师。然而，我们观察到参与者的节奏度量分数与他们的音乐听力测试分数或音乐经验之间没有显著的关系，这表明在正式的学术学习环境中，音乐天赋可能在第二语言节奏产生中不起关键作用。
{"title":"L2 rhythm production and musical rhythm perception in advanced learners of English","authors":"Mateusz Jekiel","doi":"10.1515/psicl-2022-0016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/psicl-2022-0016","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The aim of this research is to investigate the relation between musical aptitude and the acquisition of L2 rhythm by Polish advanced learners of English. A longitudinal study was conducted among 50 Polish students of English reading the “Please Call Stella” passage before and after an intensive two-semester accent training course supplemented by an extensive practical course in English phonetics and phonology. Participants also completed two musical hearing tests (Mandell 2009) and a survey on musical experience. Automated alignment was performed in DARLA (Reddy and Stanford 2015) and reviewed in Praat (Boersma and Weenink 2019). We compared the rhythm metrics calculated in Correlatore (Mairano and Romano 2010) before and after training and juxtaposed them against the pronunciation teachers’ results. We reported a significant difference between the scores for vocalic intervals across all rhythm metrics, indicating that participants’ produced higher vocalic variation after training, more similar to their teachers. However, we observed no significant relationship between the participants’ rhythm metric scores and their musical hearing test scores or musical experience, suggesting that musical aptitude might not play a crucial role in the L2 rhythm production in a formal academic learning environment.","PeriodicalId":43804,"journal":{"name":"Poznan Studies in Contemporary Linguistics","volume":"80 1","pages":"315 - 340"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88588120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract The report describes the recorded corpus of Polish geminate consonants. It is available at It contains 111 words with double consonant letters produced by 54 native speakers of Polish, yielding a total of 5994 recorded tokens. The corpus may be used for future research on the production of Polish geminates or for perception experiments with speakers of other geminating or non-geminating languages. The report provides information on the lexical structure of the corpus, recruited speakers and recording specification. It also contains basic statistics of the rate of observed degemination and rearticulation.
{"title":"Polgem – The recorded corpus of Polish geminate consonants","authors":"A. Rojczyk, A. Porzuczek","doi":"10.1515/psicl-2022-0014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/psicl-2022-0014","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The report describes the recorded corpus of Polish geminate consonants. It is available at It contains 111 words with double consonant letters produced by 54 native speakers of Polish, yielding a total of 5994 recorded tokens. The corpus may be used for future research on the production of Polish geminates or for perception experiments with speakers of other geminating or non-geminating languages. The report provides information on the lexical structure of the corpus, recruited speakers and recording specification. It also contains basic statistics of the rate of observed degemination and rearticulation.","PeriodicalId":43804,"journal":{"name":"Poznan Studies in Contemporary Linguistics","volume":"27 1","pages":"253 - 262"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74696160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract The goal of this paper is to offer an account of the discourse properties of urbanonynms in Italian (e.g. Via Roma, Piazza di Spagna). The paper introduces urbanonyms as a sub-type of toponyms (place names) whose linguistic properties have received little attention so far. The paper proposes an experimental study that shows how urbanonyms can enter in anaphoric relations mediated via urbanonyms’ lexico-grammatical properties. Via these experimental results, it is shown that urbanonyms can act as antecedents of indexical pronouns (e.g. qui ‘here’), and complex noun phrases (e.g. questa via ‘this street’). It is also shown that urbanonyms can involve co-referring patterns in sentences including verba nominandi (chiamarsi ‘to be called’). These results are discussed against the theoretical proposals investigating toponyms and other proper names. It is suggested that the two main “rival” theories on names, the description theory and the causal reference theory, can only address the novel data if combined into a new theoretical synthesis.
摘要本文旨在探讨意大利语中城市名词(如Via Roma、Piazza di Spagna)的语篇特征。城市名是地名的一个子类，其语言学性质一直受到较少的关注。本文提出了一项实验研究，揭示了城市词是如何通过其词汇语法特性进入回指关系的。通过这些实验结果表明，城市词可以作为指示代词(如qui ' here ')和复杂名词短语(如questa Via ' this street ')的先行词。研究还表明，城市名词类可以涉及句子中的共同指称模式，包括动词名词类(chiamarsi ' to be called ')。这些结果与研究地名和其他专有名词的理论建议进行了讨论。作者认为，描述理论和因果参照理论这两种主要的名称“竞争”理论只有结合成一个新的理论综合才能解决新的数据问题。
{"title":"The interpretation of urbanonyms in discourse: Reconciling theoretical accounts with experimental results","authors":"F. Ursini, Giuseppe Samo","doi":"10.1515/psicl-2022-0012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/psicl-2022-0012","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The goal of this paper is to offer an account of the discourse properties of urbanonynms in Italian (e.g. Via Roma, Piazza di Spagna). The paper introduces urbanonyms as a sub-type of toponyms (place names) whose linguistic properties have received little attention so far. The paper proposes an experimental study that shows how urbanonyms can enter in anaphoric relations mediated via urbanonyms’ lexico-grammatical properties. Via these experimental results, it is shown that urbanonyms can act as antecedents of indexical pronouns (e.g. qui ‘here’), and complex noun phrases (e.g. questa via ‘this street’). It is also shown that urbanonyms can involve co-referring patterns in sentences including verba nominandi (chiamarsi ‘to be called’). These results are discussed against the theoretical proposals investigating toponyms and other proper names. It is suggested that the two main “rival” theories on names, the description theory and the causal reference theory, can only address the novel data if combined into a new theoretical synthesis.","PeriodicalId":43804,"journal":{"name":"Poznan Studies in Contemporary Linguistics","volume":"12 1","pages":"263 - 288"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83611246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract A comprehensive corpus-driven account of the internal structure, meaning and interpretation of relative clauses in Nigerian Pidgin English (NPE) is missing in the literature. Relativisation, including its process, strategies, constraints, structural patterning, meaning and interpretation, is an important syntactic structure in any language, and therefore is crucial to our understanding of the extent to which syntactic and semantic structures in NPE differ from standard varieties of English. Relying on corpus material extracted from a popular web media outlet BBC News Pidgin, the study shows that user/speakers of NPE are cognitively enabled and creative in varying relative clauses along simple and complex choices and that structural and semantic complexities operative in the relativisation process in NPE are not too different from standard Englishes. Unlike in standard English where relativisers who and which clearly relate to the animacy of the relativised NP, relativiser representing wey, which can be classified as a prototype for relativisers weh, wen, and wia, does not clearly make such distinction. Also, it is shown that wey embodies the syntactic and semantic properties of these other relativisers, a phenomenon classified as relativiser reduction.
{"title":"WEY and the structure of relative clauses in Nigerian Pidgin English","authors":"Mayowa Akinlotan","doi":"10.1515/psicl-2022-0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/psicl-2022-0001","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract A comprehensive corpus-driven account of the internal structure, meaning and interpretation of relative clauses in Nigerian Pidgin English (NPE) is missing in the literature. Relativisation, including its process, strategies, constraints, structural patterning, meaning and interpretation, is an important syntactic structure in any language, and therefore is crucial to our understanding of the extent to which syntactic and semantic structures in NPE differ from standard varieties of English. Relying on corpus material extracted from a popular web media outlet BBC News Pidgin, the study shows that user/speakers of NPE are cognitively enabled and creative in varying relative clauses along simple and complex choices and that structural and semantic complexities operative in the relativisation process in NPE are not too different from standard Englishes. Unlike in standard English where relativisers who and which clearly relate to the animacy of the relativised NP, relativiser representing wey, which can be classified as a prototype for relativisers weh, wen, and wia, does not clearly make such distinction. Also, it is shown that wey embodies the syntactic and semantic properties of these other relativisers, a phenomenon classified as relativiser reduction.","PeriodicalId":43804,"journal":{"name":"Poznan Studies in Contemporary Linguistics","volume":"128 1","pages":"1 - 27"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86966687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The handbook of translation and cognition","authors":"Xiaodong Liu","doi":"10.1515/psicl-2022-0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/psicl-2022-0006","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43804,"journal":{"name":"Poznan Studies in Contemporary Linguistics","volume":"41 1","pages":"139 - 144"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75526758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract This study investigated the role of prevoicing, breathy-voicing, and plain-aspiration in the perception of the voiced-aspirated stop category in Bangla. 31 native speakers of Bangla undertook two different perception experiments where they had to identify what stop category they can hear in forced-choice MCQ tasks. Each experiment presented 25 stimuli (repeated 3 times) that were artificially manipulated; stimuli in Experiment-1 were manipulated for the duration of prevoicing and breathy-interval, while stimuli in Experiment-2 were manipulated for the duration of prevoicing and plain-aspiration. A total of 4650 response tokens were collected in two experiments. Results revealed that a prevoicing interval of about 40ms and a breathy interval of about 20–40 ms are required for the perception of voiced-aspirates. In addition, listeners showed a clear preference for breathy-voicing over plain-aspiration when categorizing sounds as voiced-aspirated stop, indicating that breathy-voicing is perceived to be better associated with voiced-aspirates. Implications for the general phonetics of voiced-aspirates are discussed in the light of the results.
{"title":"The role of prevoicing, breathy-voicing and aspiration in the perception of breathy-voiced stops in Bangla","authors":"Md. Jahurul Islam","doi":"10.1515/psicl-2022-0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/psicl-2022-0002","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This study investigated the role of prevoicing, breathy-voicing, and plain-aspiration in the perception of the voiced-aspirated stop category in Bangla. 31 native speakers of Bangla undertook two different perception experiments where they had to identify what stop category they can hear in forced-choice MCQ tasks. Each experiment presented 25 stimuli (repeated 3 times) that were artificially manipulated; stimuli in Experiment-1 were manipulated for the duration of prevoicing and breathy-interval, while stimuli in Experiment-2 were manipulated for the duration of prevoicing and plain-aspiration. A total of 4650 response tokens were collected in two experiments. Results revealed that a prevoicing interval of about 40ms and a breathy interval of about 20–40 ms are required for the perception of voiced-aspirates. In addition, listeners showed a clear preference for breathy-voicing over plain-aspiration when categorizing sounds as voiced-aspirated stop, indicating that breathy-voicing is perceived to be better associated with voiced-aspirates. Implications for the general phonetics of voiced-aspirates are discussed in the light of the results.","PeriodicalId":43804,"journal":{"name":"Poznan Studies in Contemporary Linguistics","volume":"107 1","pages":"29 - 58"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81625219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract This study examined whether and, if so, how Taiwanese Mandarin speakers’ compliment-responding behaviors are related to their gender and the gender and relative social power of their addressees. The data of the current study were collected from a discourse completion test. Forty-eight Taiwanese Mandarin native speakers participated in this study. The coding scheme encompassed seventeen microstrategies, which were further categorized into four macro-categories, including ACCEPTANCE, AMENDMENT, NONACCEPTANCE, and EVADING. Results showed that the controlled variables were all significant to the participants’ compliment response use. There are also some interactive effects between these variables on the complimentee’s compliment-responding behavior. Different microstrategies were employed to react to the given compliments according to the social expectations on the complimentees in different social positions and of different biological gender identities as well as the complimentees’ psychological perceptions of the given positive remarks. Moreover, the results also found that acceptance-oriented responses had a wider distribution in the present database. This might be attributed to that people in Taiwan nowadays place more emphasis on positive politeness and the value of prioritizing the self rather than the traditional Confucian value of humility.
{"title":"Sociopragmatics of compliment-responding behavior in Taiwanese Mandarin","authors":"Chih-Chen Tang","doi":"10.1515/psicl-2022-0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/psicl-2022-0004","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This study examined whether and, if so, how Taiwanese Mandarin speakers’ compliment-responding behaviors are related to their gender and the gender and relative social power of their addressees. The data of the current study were collected from a discourse completion test. Forty-eight Taiwanese Mandarin native speakers participated in this study. The coding scheme encompassed seventeen microstrategies, which were further categorized into four macro-categories, including ACCEPTANCE, AMENDMENT, NONACCEPTANCE, and EVADING. Results showed that the controlled variables were all significant to the participants’ compliment response use. There are also some interactive effects between these variables on the complimentee’s compliment-responding behavior. Different microstrategies were employed to react to the given compliments according to the social expectations on the complimentees in different social positions and of different biological gender identities as well as the complimentees’ psychological perceptions of the given positive remarks. Moreover, the results also found that acceptance-oriented responses had a wider distribution in the present database. This might be attributed to that people in Taiwan nowadays place more emphasis on positive politeness and the value of prioritizing the self rather than the traditional Confucian value of humility.","PeriodicalId":43804,"journal":{"name":"Poznan Studies in Contemporary Linguistics","volume":"289 1","pages":"99 - 129"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79440280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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