Not all Albanians were obedient tools of the sultan but rather were allies up to the point where their interests diverged from those of the Sublime Porte. At the end of the day both Albanian beys and Greek kapetans were forced to submit not so much to the power of the Ottoman and Greek states but rather to changes conjured in faraway London, harbingers of the modernization which changed the map of the Balkans and the societies of the people living there. In that respect, the original title of the book, Δέν ειν’ ο περσινός καιρός . . . , could be accurately translated as “the times, they are a-changing.”
{"title":"Child Survivors of the Holocaust in Greece: Memory, Testimony and Subjectivity by Pothiti Hantzaroula (review)","authors":"Kateřina Králová","doi":"10.1353/mgs.2022.0034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/mgs.2022.0034","url":null,"abstract":"Not all Albanians were obedient tools of the sultan but rather were allies up to the point where their interests diverged from those of the Sublime Porte. At the end of the day both Albanian beys and Greek kapetans were forced to submit not so much to the power of the Ottoman and Greek states but rather to changes conjured in faraway London, harbingers of the modernization which changed the map of the Balkans and the societies of the people living there. In that respect, the original title of the book, Δέν ειν’ ο περσινός καιρός . . . , could be accurately translated as “the times, they are a-changing.”","PeriodicalId":43810,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF MODERN GREEK STUDIES","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47411537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract:Neoliberal borders inconspicuously morph, now facilitating the free passage of goods and citizens from rich countries, now violently excluding irregular travelers departing from impoverished and repressive environments. In turn, unauthorized migrants demonstrate narrative and performative craft(iness) by tactically shapeshifting to fit themselves into the highly particular mold of a “worthy refugee.” The 2019 Arabic-language memoir Anthems of Salt, which chronicles its Algerian author’s attempt at clandestine migration to northern Europe via Turkey and Greece, provides a backdrop for recent scholarship on twenty-first-century borders and the so-called refugee crisis. A close reading of Ramdani’s account, in conjunction with examples from fieldwork as a volunteer for asylum aid organizations in Greece, provides a view of what is produced in the interaction between morphing borderscapes and shapeshifting migrants—namely, incarnations of the very essentialized images that states project onto their unwanted entrants. But candid border-crossing narratives like Ramdani’s are produced as well, revealing the many cross-territorial linkages through which borderlines slice. These linkages suggest the potential for alternative cartographies that challenge dominant notions of nation-statehood.
摘要:新自由主义的边界在悄然变化，时而便利来自富裕国家的货物和公民的自由通行，时而粗暴地排斥来自贫困和压迫环境的非正规旅行者。反过来，未经授权的移民通过战术上的变形来适应“有价值的难民”的高度特殊的模式，展示了叙事和表演技巧。2019年出版的阿拉伯语回忆录《盐之歌》(anthem of Salt)记录了阿尔及利亚作者试图通过土耳其和希腊秘密移民到北欧的经历，为最近有关21世纪边界和所谓难民危机的学术研究提供了背景。仔细阅读Ramdani的叙述，结合他作为希腊庇护援助组织志愿者的实地工作实例，可以看到在不断变化的边界景观和变形的移民之间的相互作用中产生了什么——也就是说，国家投射到他们不受欢迎的入境者身上的非常本质的形象的化身。但像拉姆达尼这样坦率的越境叙述也被制作出来，揭示了许多跨地域的联系，通过这些联系，边界被分割开来。这些联系表明，有可能出现挑战民族国家地位主流观念的另类地图绘制方法。
{"title":"“A Ḥarrāg’s Account”: Craftily Narrating and Navigating the EU’s Morphing Borderscape","authors":"Graham Liddell","doi":"10.1353/mgs.2022.0025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/mgs.2022.0025","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:Neoliberal borders inconspicuously morph, now facilitating the free passage of goods and citizens from rich countries, now violently excluding irregular travelers departing from impoverished and repressive environments. In turn, unauthorized migrants demonstrate narrative and performative craft(iness) by tactically shapeshifting to fit themselves into the highly particular mold of a “worthy refugee.” The 2019 Arabic-language memoir Anthems of Salt, which chronicles its Algerian author’s attempt at clandestine migration to northern Europe via Turkey and Greece, provides a backdrop for recent scholarship on twenty-first-century borders and the so-called refugee crisis. A close reading of Ramdani’s account, in conjunction with examples from fieldwork as a volunteer for asylum aid organizations in Greece, provides a view of what is produced in the interaction between morphing borderscapes and shapeshifting migrants—namely, incarnations of the very essentialized images that states project onto their unwanted entrants. But candid border-crossing narratives like Ramdani’s are produced as well, revealing the many cross-territorial linkages through which borderlines slice. These linkages suggest the potential for alternative cartographies that challenge dominant notions of nation-statehood.","PeriodicalId":43810,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF MODERN GREEK STUDIES","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42595366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract:Despite its public invisibility, fragments and transfigurations of Greek heritage continue to permeate and affect the social lives of local communities in the Trabzon region. An examination of the persistence of Greek heritage in Trabzon suggests that heritage should not be sought solely through material traces and remnants: intangible heritages take peculiar shapes in localized contexts in relation to members’ wider socio-economic and political engagements in the present, requiring researchers to be attuned to discreet, somewhat mythical, non-public, and elusive aspects of local socialities.
{"title":"Tracing “Greek” Heritage: Anthropological Insights into Intangible Heritages, Collective Memory, and Identity on the Black Sea Littoral","authors":"Erol Saglam","doi":"10.1353/mgs.2022.0026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/mgs.2022.0026","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:Despite its public invisibility, fragments and transfigurations of Greek heritage continue to permeate and affect the social lives of local communities in the Trabzon region. An examination of the persistence of Greek heritage in Trabzon suggests that heritage should not be sought solely through material traces and remnants: intangible heritages take peculiar shapes in localized contexts in relation to members’ wider socio-economic and political engagements in the present, requiring researchers to be attuned to discreet, somewhat mythical, non-public, and elusive aspects of local socialities.","PeriodicalId":43810,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF MODERN GREEK STUDIES","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46391318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Nisiotika: Music, Dances, and Bitter-Sweet Songs of the Aegean Islands by Gail Holst-Warhaft (review)","authors":"Angela C. Glaros","doi":"10.1353/mgs.2022.0035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/mgs.2022.0035","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43810,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF MODERN GREEK STUDIES","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41266242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract:The Pontic Greeks or Pontians play an important role in contemporary Greek history. Pontic identity and collective memory narratives wield significant influence over the national memory, and particularly the memories of Asia Minor and of the 1922 Catastrophe. Pontians commemorate and postmemorialize their ancestral pre-1922 homeland in the practice of music socialization known as parakathi or muhabeti. The performance of the parakathi repertoire involves an intertextual and dialogical negotiation of broader narratives of Pontic memory, especially nationalist Pontic folklore and representations of transgenerational trauma, thus exemplifying the complexity of collective postmemory practices as involving both highly personal processes of remembering and canonistic narratives of a usable past. Emotionality is central in the Pontic practices of the post/memory of Asia Minor.
{"title":"Pastures of Love, Mountains of Sacrifice: Ιmaginings of Pontic Homelands in Parakathi Singing and the Postmemory of Trauma","authors":"Ioannis Tsekouras","doi":"10.1353/mgs.2022.0027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/mgs.2022.0027","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:The Pontic Greeks or Pontians play an important role in contemporary Greek history. Pontic identity and collective memory narratives wield significant influence over the national memory, and particularly the memories of Asia Minor and of the 1922 Catastrophe. Pontians commemorate and postmemorialize their ancestral pre-1922 homeland in the practice of music socialization known as parakathi or muhabeti. The performance of the parakathi repertoire involves an intertextual and dialogical negotiation of broader narratives of Pontic memory, especially nationalist Pontic folklore and representations of transgenerational trauma, thus exemplifying the complexity of collective postmemory practices as involving both highly personal processes of remembering and canonistic narratives of a usable past. Emotionality is central in the Pontic practices of the post/memory of Asia Minor.","PeriodicalId":43810,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF MODERN GREEK STUDIES","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45734072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract:What cultural, historical, institutional, and legal paradigms have the Greco- Turkish War and Population Exchange bequeathed to national and trans-national practices of border-making, border-crossing, and heritage-claiming over the past century, and how have subsequent experiences reshaped the original paradigm? We approach this question through four distinct categories: namely, the historical trajectory of refugee identity and its different political and cultural legacies in Greece and Turkey; the racialization of religion, which has helped to rewrite the boundaries of citizenship and belonging over the past century; the paradigm of peacekeeping by partition that the Population Exchange handed down to the international diplomatic norms of subsequent decades, along with the widespread regime of unseeing on which it depends; and, finally, memory practices that establish templates for remembering refugee pasts as well as making sense of contemporary crises.
{"title":"Borders, Belonging, and Refugee Memory since the Greco-Turkish War and Population Exchange","authors":"William Stroebel, K. Gedgaudaitė","doi":"10.1353/mgs.2022.0021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/mgs.2022.0021","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:What cultural, historical, institutional, and legal paradigms have the Greco- Turkish War and Population Exchange bequeathed to national and trans-national practices of border-making, border-crossing, and heritage-claiming over the past century, and how have subsequent experiences reshaped the original paradigm? We approach this question through four distinct categories: namely, the historical trajectory of refugee identity and its different political and cultural legacies in Greece and Turkey; the racialization of religion, which has helped to rewrite the boundaries of citizenship and belonging over the past century; the paradigm of peacekeeping by partition that the Population Exchange handed down to the international diplomatic norms of subsequent decades, along with the widespread regime of unseeing on which it depends; and, finally, memory practices that establish templates for remembering refugee pasts as well as making sense of contemporary crises.","PeriodicalId":43810,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF MODERN GREEK STUDIES","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46034417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Δέν ειν’ ο περσινός καιρός . . . : Έλλη-νες κλεφταρματολοί καί Αλβανοί στασιαστές (1829–1831) [It’s not last year . . . : Greek militiamen-bandits and Albanian rebels (1829–1831)] by Basil K. Gounaris (Βασίλης Κ. Γούναρης) (review)","authors":"John Athanasios Mazis","doi":"10.1353/mgs.2022.0033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/mgs.2022.0033","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43810,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF MODERN GREEK STUDIES","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44236211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Forgotten Heroes of the Balkan Wars: Greek-Americans and Philhellenes, 1912–1913 by Peter S. Giakoumis (review)","authors":"Fevronia K. Soumakis","doi":"10.1353/mgs.2022.0032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/mgs.2022.0032","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43810,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF MODERN GREEK STUDIES","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41678992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract:The Great Fire of Smyrna (Izmir) in September 1922 and the subsequent population exchange had fatal consequences for Ottoman Christian communities, namely Orthodox Greeks (Rums) and Armenians. The 1930 Convention of Settlement, Commerce, and Navigation, a treaty between Greece and Turkey (the Greco-Turkish Ankara Convention), would later permit individual resettlement of persons but not of groups en masse. In the early 1950s, some Smyrniote Greeks, including Giorgos Seferis, Olga Vatidou, and Giorgos Tzavelopoulos, managed to visit their ethnically cleansed homeland and write (or in some cases, orally transmit) their memoirs. These individuals, former Ottoman citizens who were excluded from Turkish national identity and returned to a "new and wholly Turkish Izmir," embarked on personal pilgrimages that haunted the contours of the young Turkish Republic's national identity.
{"title":"Homeland as Terra Pericolosa: Post-Catastrophe Homecoming Narratives of Smyrniote Greeks in Early Republican Turkey","authors":"Umit Eser","doi":"10.1353/mgs.2022.0015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/mgs.2022.0015","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:The Great Fire of Smyrna (Izmir) in September 1922 and the subsequent population exchange had fatal consequences for Ottoman Christian communities, namely Orthodox Greeks (Rums) and Armenians. The 1930 Convention of Settlement, Commerce, and Navigation, a treaty between Greece and Turkey (the Greco-Turkish Ankara Convention), would later permit individual resettlement of persons but not of groups en masse. In the early 1950s, some Smyrniote Greeks, including Giorgos Seferis, Olga Vatidou, and Giorgos Tzavelopoulos, managed to visit their ethnically cleansed homeland and write (or in some cases, orally transmit) their memoirs. These individuals, former Ottoman citizens who were excluded from Turkish national identity and returned to a \"new and wholly Turkish Izmir,\" embarked on personal pilgrimages that haunted the contours of the young Turkish Republic's national identity.","PeriodicalId":43810,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF MODERN GREEK STUDIES","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42697290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Tradition in the Frame: Photography, Power, and Imagination in Sfakia, Crete by Konstantinos Kalantzis (review)","authors":"S. Stamatopoulou-Robbins","doi":"10.1353/mgs.2022.0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/mgs.2022.0007","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43810,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF MODERN GREEK STUDIES","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46467225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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