Abstract:Despite its public invisibility, fragments and transfigurations of Greek heritage continue to permeate and affect the social lives of local communities in the Trabzon region. An examination of the persistence of Greek heritage in Trabzon suggests that heritage should not be sought solely through material traces and remnants: intangible heritages take peculiar shapes in localized contexts in relation to members’ wider socio-economic and political engagements in the present, requiring researchers to be attuned to discreet, somewhat mythical, non-public, and elusive aspects of local socialities.
{"title":"Tracing “Greek” Heritage: Anthropological Insights into Intangible Heritages, Collective Memory, and Identity on the Black Sea Littoral","authors":"Erol Saglam","doi":"10.1353/mgs.2022.0026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/mgs.2022.0026","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:Despite its public invisibility, fragments and transfigurations of Greek heritage continue to permeate and affect the social lives of local communities in the Trabzon region. An examination of the persistence of Greek heritage in Trabzon suggests that heritage should not be sought solely through material traces and remnants: intangible heritages take peculiar shapes in localized contexts in relation to members’ wider socio-economic and political engagements in the present, requiring researchers to be attuned to discreet, somewhat mythical, non-public, and elusive aspects of local socialities.","PeriodicalId":43810,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF MODERN GREEK STUDIES","volume":"40 1","pages":"373 - 394"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46391318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Not all Albanians were obedient tools of the sultan but rather were allies up to the point where their interests diverged from those of the Sublime Porte. At the end of the day both Albanian beys and Greek kapetans were forced to submit not so much to the power of the Ottoman and Greek states but rather to changes conjured in faraway London, harbingers of the modernization which changed the map of the Balkans and the societies of the people living there. In that respect, the original title of the book, Δέν ειν’ ο περσινός καιρός . . . , could be accurately translated as “the times, they are a-changing.”
{"title":"Child Survivors of the Holocaust in Greece: Memory, Testimony and Subjectivity by Pothiti Hantzaroula (review)","authors":"Kateřina Králová","doi":"10.1353/mgs.2022.0034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/mgs.2022.0034","url":null,"abstract":"Not all Albanians were obedient tools of the sultan but rather were allies up to the point where their interests diverged from those of the Sublime Porte. At the end of the day both Albanian beys and Greek kapetans were forced to submit not so much to the power of the Ottoman and Greek states but rather to changes conjured in faraway London, harbingers of the modernization which changed the map of the Balkans and the societies of the people living there. In that respect, the original title of the book, Δέν ειν’ ο περσινός καιρός . . . , could be accurately translated as “the times, they are a-changing.”","PeriodicalId":43810,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF MODERN GREEK STUDIES","volume":"40 1","pages":"476 - 480"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47411537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Nisiotika: Music, Dances, and Bitter-Sweet Songs of the Aegean Islands by Gail Holst-Warhaft (review)","authors":"Angela C. Glaros","doi":"10.1353/mgs.2022.0035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/mgs.2022.0035","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43810,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF MODERN GREEK STUDIES","volume":"269 1","pages":"481 - 483"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41266242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract:The Pontic Greeks or Pontians play an important role in contemporary Greek history. Pontic identity and collective memory narratives wield significant influence over the national memory, and particularly the memories of Asia Minor and of the 1922 Catastrophe. Pontians commemorate and postmemorialize their ancestral pre-1922 homeland in the practice of music socialization known as parakathi or muhabeti. The performance of the parakathi repertoire involves an intertextual and dialogical negotiation of broader narratives of Pontic memory, especially nationalist Pontic folklore and representations of transgenerational trauma, thus exemplifying the complexity of collective postmemory practices as involving both highly personal processes of remembering and canonistic narratives of a usable past. Emotionality is central in the Pontic practices of the post/memory of Asia Minor.
{"title":"Pastures of Love, Mountains of Sacrifice: Ιmaginings of Pontic Homelands in Parakathi Singing and the Postmemory of Trauma","authors":"Ioannis Tsekouras","doi":"10.1353/mgs.2022.0027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/mgs.2022.0027","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:The Pontic Greeks or Pontians play an important role in contemporary Greek history. Pontic identity and collective memory narratives wield significant influence over the national memory, and particularly the memories of Asia Minor and of the 1922 Catastrophe. Pontians commemorate and postmemorialize their ancestral pre-1922 homeland in the practice of music socialization known as parakathi or muhabeti. The performance of the parakathi repertoire involves an intertextual and dialogical negotiation of broader narratives of Pontic memory, especially nationalist Pontic folklore and representations of transgenerational trauma, thus exemplifying the complexity of collective postmemory practices as involving both highly personal processes of remembering and canonistic narratives of a usable past. Emotionality is central in the Pontic practices of the post/memory of Asia Minor.","PeriodicalId":43810,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF MODERN GREEK STUDIES","volume":"40 1","pages":"395 - 423"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45734072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract:What cultural, historical, institutional, and legal paradigms have the Greco- Turkish War and Population Exchange bequeathed to national and trans-national practices of border-making, border-crossing, and heritage-claiming over the past century, and how have subsequent experiences reshaped the original paradigm? We approach this question through four distinct categories: namely, the historical trajectory of refugee identity and its different political and cultural legacies in Greece and Turkey; the racialization of religion, which has helped to rewrite the boundaries of citizenship and belonging over the past century; the paradigm of peacekeeping by partition that the Population Exchange handed down to the international diplomatic norms of subsequent decades, along with the widespread regime of unseeing on which it depends; and, finally, memory practices that establish templates for remembering refugee pasts as well as making sense of contemporary crises.
{"title":"Borders, Belonging, and Refugee Memory since the Greco-Turkish War and Population Exchange","authors":"William Stroebel, K. Gedgaudaitė","doi":"10.1353/mgs.2022.0021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/mgs.2022.0021","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:What cultural, historical, institutional, and legal paradigms have the Greco- Turkish War and Population Exchange bequeathed to national and trans-national practices of border-making, border-crossing, and heritage-claiming over the past century, and how have subsequent experiences reshaped the original paradigm? We approach this question through four distinct categories: namely, the historical trajectory of refugee identity and its different political and cultural legacies in Greece and Turkey; the racialization of religion, which has helped to rewrite the boundaries of citizenship and belonging over the past century; the paradigm of peacekeeping by partition that the Population Exchange handed down to the international diplomatic norms of subsequent decades, along with the widespread regime of unseeing on which it depends; and, finally, memory practices that establish templates for remembering refugee pasts as well as making sense of contemporary crises.","PeriodicalId":43810,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF MODERN GREEK STUDIES","volume":"40 1","pages":"vii - xxxvii"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46034417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Forgotten Heroes of the Balkan Wars: Greek-Americans and Philhellenes, 1912–1913 by Peter S. Giakoumis (review)","authors":"Fevronia K. Soumakis","doi":"10.1353/mgs.2022.0032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/mgs.2022.0032","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43810,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF MODERN GREEK STUDIES","volume":"40 1","pages":"469 - 473"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41678992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract:The Great Fire of Smyrna (Izmir) in September 1922 and the subsequent population exchange had fatal consequences for Ottoman Christian communities, namely Orthodox Greeks (Rums) and Armenians. The 1930 Convention of Settlement, Commerce, and Navigation, a treaty between Greece and Turkey (the Greco-Turkish Ankara Convention), would later permit individual resettlement of persons but not of groups en masse. In the early 1950s, some Smyrniote Greeks, including Giorgos Seferis, Olga Vatidou, and Giorgos Tzavelopoulos, managed to visit their ethnically cleansed homeland and write (or in some cases, orally transmit) their memoirs. These individuals, former Ottoman citizens who were excluded from Turkish national identity and returned to a "new and wholly Turkish Izmir," embarked on personal pilgrimages that haunted the contours of the young Turkish Republic's national identity.
{"title":"Homeland as Terra Pericolosa: Post-Catastrophe Homecoming Narratives of Smyrniote Greeks in Early Republican Turkey","authors":"Umit Eser","doi":"10.1353/mgs.2022.0015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/mgs.2022.0015","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:The Great Fire of Smyrna (Izmir) in September 1922 and the subsequent population exchange had fatal consequences for Ottoman Christian communities, namely Orthodox Greeks (Rums) and Armenians. The 1930 Convention of Settlement, Commerce, and Navigation, a treaty between Greece and Turkey (the Greco-Turkish Ankara Convention), would later permit individual resettlement of persons but not of groups en masse. In the early 1950s, some Smyrniote Greeks, including Giorgos Seferis, Olga Vatidou, and Giorgos Tzavelopoulos, managed to visit their ethnically cleansed homeland and write (or in some cases, orally transmit) their memoirs. These individuals, former Ottoman citizens who were excluded from Turkish national identity and returned to a \"new and wholly Turkish Izmir,\" embarked on personal pilgrimages that haunted the contours of the young Turkish Republic's national identity.","PeriodicalId":43810,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF MODERN GREEK STUDIES","volume":"40 1","pages":"169 - 193"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42697290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Tradition in the Frame: Photography, Power, and Imagination in Sfakia, Crete by Konstantinos Kalantzis (review)","authors":"S. Stamatopoulou-Robbins","doi":"10.1353/mgs.2022.0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/mgs.2022.0007","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43810,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF MODERN GREEK STUDIES","volume":"40 1","pages":"257 - 260"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46467225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract:In 1770, in the immediate aftermath of the Orlov Revolt in the Ottoman Peloponnese, islanders from Zante and Cephalonia, subjects of the Venetian Republic who were involved in the uprising, were driven back to their homelands by the Muslim Albanian contingents that fought against them. Upon their return, these individuals challenged the islands' social order and controlling them became a matter of high priority for the local authorities. One such individual was the peasant Nicolin Fortuni, who, after leading the islanders' invasion of Ottoman Gastouni in March 1770, returned to Zante and became a notorious brigand. A reconstruction of Fortuni's activities after the revolt offers new insights into the birth of Ionian Russophilism before the fall of the Venetian Republic in 1797.
{"title":"The Aftermath of the Orlov Revolt in the Venetian Ionian Islands: Outlaw Nicolin Fortuni and the Question of Russophile Influence","authors":"Nikos Kapodistrias","doi":"10.1353/mgs.2022.0013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/mgs.2022.0013","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:In 1770, in the immediate aftermath of the Orlov Revolt in the Ottoman Peloponnese, islanders from Zante and Cephalonia, subjects of the Venetian Republic who were involved in the uprising, were driven back to their homelands by the Muslim Albanian contingents that fought against them. Upon their return, these individuals challenged the islands' social order and controlling them became a matter of high priority for the local authorities. One such individual was the peasant Nicolin Fortuni, who, after leading the islanders' invasion of Ottoman Gastouni in March 1770, returned to Zante and became a notorious brigand. A reconstruction of Fortuni's activities after the revolt offers new insights into the birth of Ionian Russophilism before the fall of the Venetian Republic in 1797.","PeriodicalId":43810,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF MODERN GREEK STUDIES","volume":"40 1","pages":"117 - 138"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41396271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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