This study investigated levels of communicative anxiety (CA) among three generations of Korean immigrants (i.e., first, 1.5, and second generation) in Australia. A survey asking about their levels of CA in Korean (i.e., heritage language) and in English (i.e., majority language) was completed by 137 Korean immigrants. Some of the survey respondents participated in the open-ended questions and interviews, which asked about anxiety-arousing situations and coping strategies. Overall, all three generations of Koreans showed very low levels of CA in Korean. Regarding CA in English, the first-generation group showed a moderate level of anxiety whereas the second-generation group showed a very low level of anxiety. The 1.5-generation group revealed relatively low levels, but still ‘some’ degree of CA in both Korean and English. Among many contexts, public speaking provoked the most anxiety, both in Korean and English, and for all three generations. Various linguistic and socio-emotional reasons interplayed, and strategies similar to those used by successful foreign or second language learners were reported.
{"title":"Communicative anxiety among Korean immigrants in Australia","authors":"Min Jung Jee","doi":"10.1075/aral.21016.jee","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/aral.21016.jee","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000This study investigated levels of communicative anxiety (CA) among three generations of Korean immigrants (i.e., first, 1.5, and second generation) in Australia. A survey asking about their levels of CA in Korean (i.e., heritage language) and in English (i.e., majority language) was completed by 137 Korean immigrants. Some of the survey respondents participated in the open-ended questions and interviews, which asked about anxiety-arousing situations and coping strategies. Overall, all three generations of Koreans showed very low levels of CA in Korean. Regarding CA in English, the first-generation group showed a moderate level of anxiety whereas the second-generation group showed a very low level of anxiety. The 1.5-generation group revealed relatively low levels, but still ‘some’ degree of CA in both Korean and English. Among many contexts, public speaking provoked the most anxiety, both in Korean and English, and for all three generations. Various linguistic and socio-emotional reasons interplayed, and strategies similar to those used by successful foreign or second language learners were reported.","PeriodicalId":43911,"journal":{"name":"Australian Review of Applied Linguistics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48563635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This exploratory Australian study tested a novel mobile-based language learning service intervention (via WhatsApp) called ‘Chatloop’ with 31 newly arrived migrants. This intervention was offered in tandem with the traditional Adult Migrant English Program (AMEP) classroom curriculum. A mixed methods approach was employed to trial the intervention of Chatloop with AMEP students at two Queensland TAFE campuses. Quantitative data were gathered to measure changes in participants’ English proficiency, and qualitative interviews gathered narratives about the experience of using Chatloop. Chatloop intervention group participants perceived it to be an interactive learning service that significantly improved their reading and writing skills, acculturation, and enhanced social connections. Being able to access Chatloop on their mobile device 24/7 was deemed to be an added advantage as compared to traditional classroom learning; it provided an opportunity to learn more about Australian culture and communication patterns, at their convenience. These findings suggest that such mobile interventions can be a valuable means of enhancing migrant’s English language learning and warrants future research.
{"title":"Exploring a mobile-based language learning intervention to improve English language acquisition and acculturation among\u0000 migrants in Australia","authors":"A. Hebbani, Michael Mersiades, Ameya Deshmukh","doi":"10.1075/aral.21017.heb","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/aral.21017.heb","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This exploratory Australian study tested a novel mobile-based language learning service intervention (via\u0000 WhatsApp) called ‘Chatloop’ with 31 newly arrived migrants. This intervention was offered in tandem with the traditional Adult\u0000 Migrant English Program (AMEP) classroom curriculum. A mixed methods approach was employed to trial the intervention of Chatloop\u0000 with AMEP students at two Queensland TAFE campuses. Quantitative data were gathered to measure changes in participants’ English\u0000 proficiency, and qualitative interviews gathered narratives about the experience of using Chatloop. Chatloop intervention group\u0000 participants perceived it to be an interactive learning service that significantly improved their reading and writing skills,\u0000 acculturation, and enhanced social connections. Being able to access Chatloop on their mobile device 24/7 was deemed to be an\u0000 added advantage as compared to traditional classroom learning; it provided an opportunity to learn more about Australian culture\u0000 and communication patterns, at their convenience. These findings suggest that such mobile interventions can be a valuable means of\u0000 enhancing migrant’s English language learning and warrants future research.","PeriodicalId":43911,"journal":{"name":"Australian Review of Applied Linguistics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48200202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Considering the contradictions in the structured and static approaches to the nation and national identity observed world-wide and fluid trans- approaches to language in applied linguistics and sociolinguistics, the paper explores how national identity is constructed and sustained nowadays, specifically in digital spaces both discursively and non-discursively. Based on the notion of ‘practice’ by Theodore Schatzki (2002), the paper focuses on the translingual practices in relation to national issues and events in Bangladesh drawn from digital spaces through a virtual ethnography. The findings in this paper show that translingual practices and national identity may apparently seem fluid in digital spaces. However, actors nurture beliefs, values, and ideologies in their translingual practices with reference to a territory-based notion of nation, religion, and national identity. Their discursive construction of nation and national identity also seems entangled with a non-discursive bundle of activities and symbolic and material artefacts within material arrangements of spaces. Verbal violence and terrorism accentuating nationalism get immediacy and are concretized in materially mediated semiotized spaces. With an immediate focus on spatial dynamics, while acknowledging the ethos of the post-structuralist approach to language, the paper, hence, indicates the necessity of transgressing the ‘logocentrism’ in language and identity research in applied linguistics and contributing to the recent development in the post-humanist applied linguistics.
{"title":"Translingual practices and national identity mediated in the semiotized digital spaces","authors":"Shaila Sultana","doi":"10.1075/aral.21051.sul","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/aral.21051.sul","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Considering the contradictions in the structured and static approaches to the nation and national identity observed world-wide and fluid trans- approaches to language in applied linguistics and sociolinguistics, the paper explores how national identity is constructed and sustained nowadays, specifically in digital spaces both discursively and non-discursively. Based on the notion of ‘practice’ by Theodore Schatzki (2002), the paper focuses on the translingual practices in relation to national issues and events in Bangladesh drawn from digital spaces through a virtual ethnography. The findings in this paper show that translingual practices and national identity may apparently seem fluid in digital spaces. However, actors nurture beliefs, values, and ideologies in their translingual practices with reference to a territory-based notion of nation, religion, and national identity. Their discursive construction of nation and national identity also seems entangled with a non-discursive bundle of activities and symbolic and material artefacts within material arrangements of spaces. Verbal violence and terrorism accentuating nationalism get immediacy and are concretized in materially mediated semiotized spaces. With an immediate focus on spatial dynamics, while acknowledging the ethos of the post-structuralist approach to language, the paper, hence, indicates the necessity of transgressing the ‘logocentrism’ in language and identity research in applied linguistics and contributing to the recent development in the post-humanist applied linguistics.","PeriodicalId":43911,"journal":{"name":"Australian Review of Applied Linguistics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44104884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
While previous studies have outlined the advantages of semiotic resources for meaning making and relationship building, not all semiotic resources are equal in their ability to enhance these features. Using linguistic ethnographic interviews and focus group discussions, this article examines whether mobile phones provide sufficient semiotic resources for English as a Foreign Language (EFL) migrants to effectively communicate, particularly for service situations regarding finances where they often have to speak in English with unknown interlocutors. Two important elements are uncovered regarding EFL migrants’ difficulty in using phones as a semiotic resource – (1) linguistic superiority, where they are judged by their English-speaking interlocutor as engaging in inferior English practices, and (2) paralinguistic insufficiency, where the lack of gestures and facial expressions takes away their ability to make meaning. These elements combined make telephone conversations difficult for many EFL migrants, affecting their expressiveness and ability to effectively communicate, leading to negative outcomes such as avoidance behaviors, and feelings of anxiety and disempowerment. Such difficulties lead to the finding that EFL migrants must be better accommodated when engaging in service transactions, with other, semiotically richer resources required to better aid their understanding and ease feelings of anxiety.
{"title":"Phones as a semiotic disadvantage","authors":"Stephanie Dryden","doi":"10.1075/aral.21028.dry","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/aral.21028.dry","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 While previous studies have outlined the advantages of semiotic resources for meaning making and relationship\u0000 building, not all semiotic resources are equal in their ability to enhance these features. Using linguistic ethnographic\u0000 interviews and focus group discussions, this article examines whether mobile phones provide sufficient semiotic resources for\u0000 English as a Foreign Language (EFL) migrants to effectively communicate, particularly for service situations regarding finances\u0000 where they often have to speak in English with unknown interlocutors. Two important elements are uncovered regarding EFL migrants’\u0000 difficulty in using phones as a semiotic resource – (1) linguistic superiority, where they are judged by their English-speaking\u0000 interlocutor as engaging in inferior English practices, and (2) paralinguistic insufficiency, where the lack of gestures and\u0000 facial expressions takes away their ability to make meaning. These elements combined make telephone conversations difficult for\u0000 many EFL migrants, affecting their expressiveness and ability to effectively communicate, leading to negative outcomes such as\u0000 avoidance behaviors, and feelings of anxiety and disempowerment. Such difficulties lead to the finding that EFL migrants must be\u0000 better accommodated when engaging in service transactions, with other, semiotically richer resources required to better aid their\u0000 understanding and ease feelings of anxiety.","PeriodicalId":43911,"journal":{"name":"Australian Review of Applied Linguistics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45342543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Funeral and mourning rites capture so many aspects of the Iranian traditional and religious rituals and provide members of society with cultural tools of lamenting the dead. The study presents socio-cultural considerations in connection with social space and action, linguistic interactions, and semiotic resources of rituals used in mourning ceremonies for Shiite Muslims in the city of Nur, Iran. The paper relies on a mediated discourse analysis approach as a theoretical framework from which to develop a semiotic analysis of the linguistic practices and mediational means that appear in the mourning events. To this end, I shall draw upon video and audio recorded interactions of mourning rituals personally collected at funerals. The paper demonstrates that while mourning rituals are culturally and religiously framed in Shiite Muslims, one must also include the social space, the discourse cycle, the trajectories of the material resource of individual’s historical bodies and of text.
{"title":"Doing penance as a nexus of practice","authors":"Dariush Izadi","doi":"10.1075/aral.21034.iza","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/aral.21034.iza","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Funeral and mourning rites capture so many aspects of the Iranian traditional and religious rituals and provide\u0000 members of society with cultural tools of lamenting the dead. The study presents socio-cultural considerations in connection with\u0000 social space and action, linguistic interactions, and semiotic resources of rituals used in mourning ceremonies for Shiite Muslims\u0000 in the city of Nur, Iran. The paper relies on a mediated discourse analysis approach as a theoretical framework from which to\u0000 develop a semiotic analysis of the linguistic practices and mediational means that appear in the mourning events. To this end, I\u0000 shall draw upon video and audio recorded interactions of mourning rituals personally collected at funerals. The paper demonstrates\u0000 that while mourning rituals are culturally and religiously framed in Shiite Muslims, one must also include the social space, the\u0000 discourse cycle, the trajectories of the material resource of individual’s historical bodies and of text.","PeriodicalId":43911,"journal":{"name":"Australian Review of Applied Linguistics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48577789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article engages with the theme of the proposed special issue in a perhaps unexpected way: for me, the ‘translinguistic movement’ is a pertinent reminder to move beyond the boundaries of language and other visible/audible modalities that are involved in semiosis. It also encourages us to move beyond the naïve empiricism that has shaped sociolinguistic work over the decades. The ‘sociolinguistics of the spectre’ that I develop in this article is rooted in philosophies of radical empiricism; it acknowledges the sensuous and affective nature of social life, and refuses to work with the ‘boundaries, binaries and demarcations’ that are located within the temporal ‘linearity of modernity’ (Garuba, 2013). In doing so, I will look at a particular time-space: the postcolony. It is a time-space where the ghosts of the past are ever-present and shape translinguistic practices; a time-space where time is always somehow ‘out-of-joint’.
{"title":"The sound of absent-presence","authors":"Ana Deumert","doi":"10.1075/aral.21039.deu","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/aral.21039.deu","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000This article engages with the theme of the proposed special issue in a perhaps unexpected way: for me, the ‘translinguistic movement’ is a pertinent reminder to move beyond the boundaries of language and other visible/audible modalities that are involved in semiosis. It also encourages us to move beyond the naïve empiricism that has shaped sociolinguistic work over the decades. The ‘sociolinguistics of the spectre’ that I develop in this article is rooted in philosophies of radical empiricism; it acknowledges the sensuous and affective nature of social life, and refuses to work with the ‘boundaries, binaries and demarcations’ that are located within the temporal ‘linearity of modernity’ (Garuba, 2013). In doing so, I will look at a particular time-space: the postcolony. It is a time-space where the ghosts of the past are ever-present and shape translinguistic practices; a time-space where time is always somehow ‘out-of-joint’.","PeriodicalId":43911,"journal":{"name":"Australian Review of Applied Linguistics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46750974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Research on translingual repertoires has highlighted the diverse semiotic resources that individuals access in communication, but little research has considered how spatial factors permit or limit access to these resources. Furthermore, as translingual studies have predominantly focused on interactional analysis, there is a paucity of studies on how social networks shape the repertoires of users. To fill this gap, we examine the communicative practices of an international spouse temporarily living in the United States. Through interview data and mobility maps, we analyze the participant’s subject positioning and its relation to his use of spatial resources in different spaces. Despite the participant’s low English proficiency, he engaged in conversations in many spaces through strategic employment of semiotic resources, including multiple languages and material objects. He also adopted certain positionings that afforded him more opportunities to interact. Thus, we argue that the usefulness of semiotic resources is tied to the spaces in which they are employed and that access to these resources is shaped by subject positioning.
{"title":"Sojourner experiences and spatial repertoires","authors":"Jade Sandbulte, Suresh Canagarajah","doi":"10.1075/aral.21025.san","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/aral.21025.san","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Research on translingual repertoires has highlighted the diverse semiotic resources that individuals access in\u0000 communication, but little research has considered how spatial factors permit or limit access to these resources. Furthermore, as\u0000 translingual studies have predominantly focused on interactional analysis, there is a paucity of studies on how social networks\u0000 shape the repertoires of users. To fill this gap, we examine the communicative practices of an international spouse temporarily\u0000 living in the United States. Through interview data and mobility maps, we analyze the participant’s subject positioning and its\u0000 relation to his use of spatial resources in different spaces. Despite the participant’s low English proficiency, he engaged in\u0000 conversations in many spaces through strategic employment of semiotic resources, including multiple languages and material\u0000 objects. He also adopted certain positionings that afforded him more opportunities to interact. Thus, we argue that the usefulness\u0000 of semiotic resources is tied to the spaces in which they are employed and that access to these resources is shaped by subject\u0000 positioning.","PeriodicalId":43911,"journal":{"name":"Australian Review of Applied Linguistics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48082039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article investigates second language socialization of three international students in a tertiary institute in New Zealand. To understand the experiences of international students, the article draws on the theoretical framework of the production of space to examine how the students experienced their new social space. The article uses multiple sources of data including video/audio recordings of the classroom interaction, field notes, interviews with the focal students/teachers/tutors/lecturers, diaries, and institutional documents to provide a thick description of students’ participation, language socialization, and identities. It does a within and across case analysis of the students’ experience to situate the learning experiences but at the same time to highlight the role of space as a participating social being in the socialization process. The concepts of language socialization and identities are reconceptualized as ever-evolving and ever-changing phenomena, whose production depends on the social conditions and relationships in the social space.
{"title":"International students’ language socialization in an English-medium university","authors":"Behnam Soltani, L. Zhang","doi":"10.1075/aral.21035.sal","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/aral.21035.sal","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This article investigates second language socialization of three international students in a tertiary institute in New Zealand. To understand the experiences of international students, the article draws on the theoretical framework of the production of space to examine how the students experienced their new social space. The article uses multiple sources of data including video/audio recordings of the classroom interaction, field notes, interviews with the focal students/teachers/tutors/lecturers, diaries, and institutional documents to provide a thick description of students’ participation, language socialization, and identities. It does a within and across case analysis of the students’ experience to situate the learning experiences but at the same time to highlight the role of space as a participating social being in the socialization process. The concepts of language socialization and identities are reconceptualized as ever-evolving and ever-changing phenomena, whose production depends on the social conditions and relationships in the social space.","PeriodicalId":43911,"journal":{"name":"Australian Review of Applied Linguistics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46295208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Review of Chapelle (2020): The concise Encyclopedia of Applied Linguistics","authors":"A. Shehadeh","doi":"10.1075/aral.21057.she","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/aral.21057.she","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43911,"journal":{"name":"Australian Review of Applied Linguistics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45360839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：