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Brokers in straitjackets: The moral quandaries of refugee support organisations in Slovakia 穿紧身衣的经纪人:斯洛伐克难民支持组织的道德困境
IF 0.6 Q3 SOCIAL SCIENCES, INTERDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2021-04-22 DOI: 10.1177/09213740211011190
E. Walther
Due to their mediating position between two antagonistic entities, brokers are often attributed a suspicious moral ambiguity, but also autonomy and creativity. Building on ethnographic fieldwork in two Slovak refugee support organisations, I examine these assumptions in relation to ʻintegration brokers’. Actors in Slovak refugee care services struggle with accusations of being partisan either to the refugees’ or state authorities’ side. By showing how refugee supporters switch between seemingly opposing moral paradigms, I problematise a popular understanding of the broker as a potent and autonomous agent and focus instead on the process of layering constraints that characterises the in-between.
由于经纪人在两个对立实体之间的中介地位,他们经常被归因于可疑的道德模糊性,但也有自主性和创造性。在两个斯洛伐克难民支持组织的民族志实地调查的基础上,我研究了这些与“融合经纪人”有关的假设。斯洛伐克难民护理服务机构的参与者与难民或国家当局的党派指控作斗争。通过展示难民支持者如何在看似对立的道德范式之间切换,我质疑了人们对经纪人作为一个强大而自主的代理人的普遍理解,并将重点放在了中间人的约束分层过程上。
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引用次数: 0
Facilitating resonance: Brokerage in indigenous activism 促进共鸣:原住民行动主义的中介
IF 0.6 Q3 SOCIAL SCIENCES, INTERDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2021-04-22 DOI: 10.1177/09213740211011192
Birgit Bräuchler
Putting forward a synergetic combination of three concepts – brokerage, indigeneity and resonance – this article investigates how brokers in Indonesia support indigenous communities in their struggle for citizen and human rights. It investigates the emergence of broker chains and multi-scalar activism that are needed to translate from the local – in this case the Aru Islands in Eastern Indonesia – to the global and vice versa. It engages with established and tracks the emergence of new brokers and analyses their strategies to produce resonance and mobilise for resistance on various scales, with media, arts and religion being main fields of engagement, and studies the challenges they face. The article thus explores the concept of brokerage within new fields and uses brokerage as an analytical lens to explore processes of mobilisation, relationship-building and identity construction.
本文提出了经纪、土著和共鸣三个概念的协同组合,调查了印度尼西亚的经纪人如何支持土著社区争取公民和人权的斗争。它调查了经纪人链和多标量激进主义的出现,这些激进主义需要从当地——在本例中是印度尼西亚东部的阿鲁群岛——转变为全球,反之亦然。它与已有的经纪人接触并跟踪新经纪人的出现,分析他们的策略,以产生共鸣并动员各种规模的抵抗,媒体、艺术和宗教是主要的参与领域,并研究他们面临的挑战。因此,本文在新的领域中探索了经纪的概念,并将经纪作为一个分析视角来探索动员、关系建立和身份构建的过程。
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引用次数: 1
Afro-descendant women Bolsa Familia and Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program and women, infants, and children beneficiaries’ perceptions of skin color and class discrimination in Brazil and the United States 巴西和美国的非洲裔妇女家庭津贴和补充营养援助计划以及妇女、婴儿和儿童受益人对肤色和阶级歧视的看法
IF 0.6 Q3 SOCIAL SCIENCES, INTERDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2021-03-21 DOI: 10.1177/0921374020988161
Gladys Mitchell-Walthour, Fernanda Barros dos Santos

We examine the impact of class and racial discrimination on Afro-descendant women social welfare beneficiaries in Brazil and the USA. We focus on the cities Salvador, São Paulo, Charlotte, and Milwaukee. We find that in all these cities, more than a majority of social welfare beneficiaries ate dark skinned thus showing that both countries are pigmentocracies where disadvantage is based on skin color, class, and gender. We find that of those admitting they experienced skin color discrimination more than a majority ate dark skinned. Women in the USA are generally more likely to acknowledge skin color discrimination while women in Brazil are more likely to acknowledge class based discrimination.

我们研究了阶级和种族歧视对巴西和美国非洲裔妇女社会福利受益人的影响。我们主要关注萨尔瓦多、圣保罗、夏洛特和密尔沃基等城市。我们发现,在所有这些城市中,超过大多数的社会福利受益者都是深肤色的,这表明这两个国家都是肤色、阶级和性别的有色人种国家。我们发现,在那些承认自己经历过肤色歧视的人中,大多数人都是深色皮肤。美国女性通常更容易承认肤色歧视,而巴西女性更容易承认阶级歧视。
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引用次数: 1
Alongside gratitude and anguish 除了感激和痛苦
IF 0.6 Q3 SOCIAL SCIENCES, INTERDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2021-03-11 DOI: 10.1177/0921374021992993
J. Winters
In this piece, I respond to Sarah Cervenak and Molly Farneth’s generous readings of Hope Draped in Black. Regarding Cervenak’s moving piece, “High Under The Pew,” I focus on the apposition of apparent oppositions—such as elevation and being underneath, or social life and black death. I also draw attention to the relationship between style of writing and ethics that Cervenak enacts in her comments. I then engage Farneth’s reflections on the ritualization of melancholy. While melancholy is expressed and performed in aesthetic and political practices (song, dance, vigil), we must be alert to the ways that civic rituals convert loss and anguish into opportunities to affirm and bolster imperial projects.
在这篇文章中,我对Sarah Cervenak和Molly Farneth对《黑衣下的希望》的慷慨解读做出了回应。关于切尔维纳克的感人作品《在皮尤的高处》,我关注的是表面上的对立——比如高处与地下,或者社会生活与黑死病。我还提请注意塞尔维纳克在她的评论中制定的写作风格和道德之间的关系。然后,我开始研究法内思对忧郁的仪式化的思考。虽然忧郁在美学和政治实践(歌曲、舞蹈、守夜)中得到表达和表现,但我们必须警惕公民仪式将失落和痛苦转化为肯定和支持帝国计划的机会的方式。
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引用次数: 0
The wound and the opening 伤口和开口
IF 0.6 Q3 SOCIAL SCIENCES, INTERDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2021-03-11 DOI: 10.1177/0921374021992928
Molly Farneth
Joseph Winters’s Hope Draped in Black insists on the ethical imperative of resisting closure. Drawing on examples from Black literary and artistic traditions, Winters describes an ethos of “melancholic hope” that dwells in loss while remaining vulnerable to others and an unknowable future: a wound and an opening. Winters is captivated by the repetitions and ruptures that frustrate easy assumptions about healing or progress. In these reflections on Winters’s work, I consider the ambivalent role of repetition in practices of mourning untimely and unjust death, and suggest the possibility of rituals that create and perform melancholic hope.
约瑟夫·温特斯的《黑衣的希望》坚持抵制封闭的道德要求。温特斯以黑人文学和艺术传统为例,描述了一种“忧郁的希望”的气质,这种气质存在于失落之中,同时对他人和不可知的未来仍很脆弱:一个伤口和一个缺口。温特斯被重复和破裂所吸引,它们挫败了关于愈合或进步的简单假设。在这些对温特斯作品的反思中,我思考了重复在哀悼不合时宜和不公正的死亡的实践中所扮演的矛盾角色,并提出了仪式创造和表现忧郁希望的可能性。
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引用次数: 0
High under the pew: A critical meditation on Joseph Winters’s Hope Draped in Black 高高的长椅下:对约瑟夫·温特斯的《黑色的希望》的批判性思考
IF 0.6 Q3 SOCIAL SCIENCES, INTERDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2021-03-11 DOI: 10.1177/0921374021992927
S. Cervenak
“High Under the Pew: A Critical Meditation on Joseph Winters’s Hope Draped in Black” thinks Joseph Winters’s text in relation to critical poetics, Black studies and Black feminist thought. In particular, I trace how Winters’s philosophical engagement with the concept of “melancholic hope” in Black literary production extends these above-named intellectual traditions’ critiques of the post-enlightenment subject. More precisely, Winters dwelling with “melancholic hope” as it manifests in Black aesthetic and political thought attends to modes of being inassimilable to racist, heteronormative, ableist and capitalist narratives of space-time and progress.
《在皮尤的高处:对约瑟夫·温特斯《披着黑衣的希望》的批判性思考》认为约瑟夫·温特斯的文本与批评诗学、黑人研究和黑人女权主义思想有关。特别是,我追踪了温特斯对黑人文学作品中“忧郁的希望”概念的哲学参与如何扩展了上述知识分子传统对后启蒙主题的批评。更准确地说,温特斯在黑人美学和政治思想中表现出的“忧郁的希望”,关注的是与种族主义、异性恋规范、残疾主义和资本主义时空和进步叙事不可同化的模式。
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引用次数: 0
Fleeing bodies and fleeting performances: Transience and the nation-state 逃离的身体和转瞬即逝的表演:短暂和民族国家
IF 0.6 Q3 SOCIAL SCIENCES, INTERDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2021-02-01 DOI: 10.1177/0921374020934517
J. M. Gully, L. Itagaki
This essay examines parallels between the resolidification of German identity and reconfigurations of German national space and nation-state time. From recurring events (refugee-guided tours) to temporary installations (a private home’s garden memorial), these performances by and about those excluded or conditionally tolerated define an emerging refugee subjectivity. Each performance stages the dichotomy between transience and permanent residence and engages the public in perpetual enactments of democratic deliberation. We argue that these performances force audiences to recognize how they implicitly define their nations and fellow citizens by both their domestic democratic practices and the exceptions at the border: who is deported and kept out, who are permitted to enter and remain. With growing critical interest in performance and performativity in international relations, we consider the impact of individual and collective pro-migrant protest performances on national identity and electoral politics in Germany and their effects on organizing, resistance, and performance “artivism” globally.
本文考察了德国身份的重新确定与德国国家空间和民族国家时间的重新配置之间的相似之处。从反复发生的事件(难民导游)到临时装置(私人住宅的花园纪念馆),这些被排斥或有条件容忍的人的表演定义了一种新出现的难民主体性。每一场演出都上演了短暂和永久居留之间的二分法,并让公众参与到民主审议的永久实施中。我们认为,这些表演迫使观众认识到,他们是如何通过国内民主实践和边境的例外情况来含蓄地定义自己的国家和同胞的:谁被驱逐出境,谁被允许入境和居留。随着人们对国际关系中的表现和表现越来越感兴趣,我们认为个人和集体支持移民的抗议表现对德国国家认同和选举政治的影响,以及它们对全球组织、抵抗和表现的影响是“野兽派”。
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引用次数: 0
Constructing “purgatory”: How refugee camp architecture inscribes refugees into the a-political, a-historical, and moveable 构建“炼狱”:难民营建筑如何将难民刻入非政治、非历史和可移动的空间
IF 0.6 Q3 SOCIAL SCIENCES, INTERDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2021-02-01 DOI: 10.1177/0921374020934837
Áine Josephine Tyrrell
Recent studies in the field of Performance Studies have examined the performativity and spatial practices in refugee camps with particular attention to the political consequences of these psycho-social performances on refugees. This article complements such scholarship by: first, providing a more performance-centric definition of the term “refugee” with recourse to the idea of “transience”; second, by concretizing this (re)definition via analyzes of the socio-political consequences of the architecture of one of the most recently established refugee camps located in Jordan, namely Azraq. The article concludes by framing refugee camps more broadly as biopolitical environments that deprive refugees of their political agency; by homogenizing their inhabitants, they inscribe individuals into a state of perpetual transience.
最近在表演研究领域的研究考察了难民营中的表演和空间实践,特别注意这些心理-社会表演对难民的政治后果。本文通过以下方式对这一学术成果进行了补充:首先,借助“短暂性”的概念,对“难民”一词提供了一个更加以表现为中心的定义;第二,通过分析位于约旦的最近建立的难民营之一,即Azraq的建筑的社会政治后果,使这一(重新)定义具体化。文章的结论是,将难民营更广泛地定义为剥夺难民政治能动性的生物政治环境;通过同质化他们的居民,他们将个体刻入一种永恒的短暂状态。
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引用次数: 1
Contributors’ biographies 投稿人传记
IF 0.6 Q3 SOCIAL SCIENCES, INTERDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2021-02-01 DOI: 10.1177/0921374021994930
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引用次数: 0
Symbolic power in the US Government Counterinsurgency Guide: US security, (non-) combatant civilians, and the refugee-in-place 《美国政府反叛乱指南》中的象征力量:美国安全、(非)战斗平民和难民
IF 0.6 Q3 SOCIAL SCIENCES, INTERDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2021-02-01 DOI: 10.1177/0921374020935142
Stefanie A. Jones
Framed by symbolic power as a theory of performance, this essay takes as its subject the state’s use of performance transience for oppressive ends. For Pierre Bourdieu, the symbolic field is about group misrecognition of existing power differentials as legitimate distinctions. Building from this theory, I examine the 2009 US Government Counterinsurgency Guide’s work in the symbolic field. At once a military, social, and performance theory, the Guide creates categorization schemas that differentially define states and people based off of performances of loyalty to US interests. Through the concept of the “non-combatant civilian,” these hierarchies position non-US populations as always already threatening, and acquire social authorization through the threat of further violence. By generating roles for groups of people and framing the means of enforcing those roles, the Guide uses performance transience to structure a symbolic order with deeply racializing consequences.
在象征权力作为一种表演理论的框架下,本文以国家利用表演的短暂性来达到压迫目的为主题。对皮埃尔·布迪厄来说,符号场是关于群体对现有权力差异的误认,认为这是合法的区别。基于这一理论,我考察了2009年美国政府反叛乱指南在符号领域的工作。《指南》同时结合了军事、社会和绩效理论,创造了分类模式,根据对美国利益的忠诚表现,对国家和人民进行了不同的定义。通过“非战斗平民”的概念,这些等级制度将非美国人口定位为总是具有威胁性,并通过进一步暴力的威胁获得社会授权。通过为人群生成角色并制定执行这些角色的方法,《指南》利用表演的短暂性来构建具有深刻种族化后果的象征秩序。
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引用次数: 0
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CULTURAL DYNAMICS
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