Trends in Analytical Chemistry最新文献_第5页

Structural change mechanisms of triple-stranded DNA and its multidimensional applications in biology 三链DNA的结构变化机制及其在生物学中的多维应用

IF 12 1区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL

Trends in Analytical Chemistry

Pub Date : 2026-01-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2026.118660

Jiaxuan Gu , Xinyue Lan , Keren Chen , Jingjing Tian , Chengyun Wang , Xinru Gao , Yufan Ren , Wenbiao Shi , Longjiao Zhu , Wentao Xu

Triple-stranded DNA (tsDNA) is an advanced nucleic acid structure formed by the specific insertion of a triple-helix forming oligonucleotide (TFO) into the major groove of purine- and pyrimidine-rich double-stranded DNA (dsDNA), stabilized by Hoogsteen hydrogen bonds. Compared to dsDNA, tsDNA exhibits greater structural flexibility and controllability, rapid conformational changes in response to various stimuli. It offers distinct advantages, including ease of sequence design, structural adaptability, and compatibility with body microenvironments in vivo. This review provides a concise overview of tsDNA, emphasizing its structure and the factors that affect its stability. Moreover, the structural change mechanisms of tsDNA are explored through four key aspects: aptamers (Apt), base mismatches, functional DNAzymes, and amplification products. Finally, the biological applications of tsDNA are reviewed across five areas: biosensing, cell imaging, gene therapy, nanomaterials, and drug delivery. The challenges associated with tsDNA, along with potential directions for future research, are also discussed.

三链DNA （tsDNA）是通过在富含嘌呤和嘧啶的双链DNA （dsDNA）的主槽中特异性插入三螺旋形成的寡核苷酸（TFO）而形成的一种高级核酸结构，由Hoogsteen氢键稳定。与dsDNA相比，tsDNA表现出更大的结构灵活性和可控性，在各种刺激下能快速改变构象。它具有明显的优势，包括易于序列设计，结构适应性和与体内微环境的兼容性。本文简要介绍了tsDNA的研究概况，重点介绍了其结构和影响其稳定性的因素。此外，本文还从适体（Apt）、碱基错配、功能性DNAzymes和扩增产物四个方面探讨了tsDNA的结构变化机制。最后，综述了tsDNA在生物传感、细胞成像、基因治疗、纳米材料和药物传递等五个领域的生物学应用。本文还讨论了与tsDNA相关的挑战以及未来研究的潜在方向。

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引用次数: 0

Ultra-trace detection of antibiotic residues in infant milk formula: Advanced analytical and AI-assisted approaches 婴儿配方奶粉中抗生素残留的超痕量检测：先进的分析和人工智能辅助方法

IF 12 1区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL

Trends in Analytical Chemistry

Pub Date : 2026-01-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2026.118665

Mussab Uddin , Ahmed S. El-tahlawy , Aya R. Mohammed , Waleed Alahmad

Antibiotics play a vital role in veterinary and human medicine for combating infectious diseases and maintaining animal health. In dairy farming, antimicrobials are widely used for therapeutic and preventive purposes, including dry-cow therapy and medicated milk replacers for calves. While these practices are essential for livestock welfare and economic sustainability, they may result in antibiotic residues in milk and derived products. Infants are particularly vulnerable to such residues due to rapid development, immature detoxification systems, and distinct exposure patterns. Consequently, the detection and control of antibiotic residues in infant milk formula (IMF) are of critical importance to public health. IMF is a fortified matrix rich in proteins and lipids, with added carbohydrates and minerals, which can induce stronger matrix effects and analyte–matrix interactions than regular milk. These characteristics require IMF-specific extraction and cleanup strategies, such as fat removal, protein precipitation, and chelation steps, to ensure accurate ultra-trace quantification. This review presents the first analysis of advanced analytical workflows developed over the past 10 years for the separation and quantification of antibiotic residues in IMF. Particular emphasis is placed on sample preparation approaches tailored to the complex IMF matrix and on chromatographic separation techniques, including high-performance liquid chromatography, ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography, and hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography. In addition, this review highlights the growing role of chemometrics and artificial intelligence-driven platforms in enhancing data interpretation and predicting contamination risks. By integrating analytical chemistry, food safety, and computational intelligence, this review provides a timely reference for researchers, regulators, and industry professionals worldwide.

抗生素在兽医和人类医学中发挥着至关重要的作用，用于对抗传染病和维持动物健康。在奶牛养殖中，抗菌剂广泛用于治疗和预防目的，包括干奶牛治疗和小牛的药物代奶剂。虽然这些做法对牲畜福利和经济可持续性至关重要，但它们可能导致牛奶及其衍生产品中存在抗生素残留。由于发育迅速、解毒系统不成熟以及不同的暴露模式，婴儿特别容易受到这些残留物的影响。因此，婴幼儿配方奶粉中抗生素残留的检测和控制对公共卫生至关重要。IMF是一种富含蛋白质和脂质的强化基质，添加了碳水化合物和矿物质，可以诱导比普通牛奶更强的基质效应和分析物-基质相互作用。这些特征需要imf特定的提取和清理策略，如脂肪去除，蛋白质沉淀和螯合步骤，以确保准确的超痕量定量。这篇综述介绍了先进的分析工作流程的第一次分析，在过去的10年里开发的分离和定量抗生素残留的IMF。特别强调的是针对复杂的IMF基质的样品制备方法和色谱分离技术，包括高效液相色谱法、超高效液相色谱法和亲水性相互作用液相色谱法。此外，这篇综述强调了化学计量学和人工智能驱动的平台在加强数据解释和预测污染风险方面日益重要的作用。通过整合分析化学、食品安全和计算智能，本综述为全球的研究人员、监管机构和行业专业人士提供了及时的参考。

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引用次数: 0

Recent advances in label-free light scattering imaging and sensing of single cells and exosomes 单细胞和外泌体的无标记光散射成像与传感研究进展

IF 12 1区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL

Trends in Analytical Chemistry

Pub Date : 2026-01-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2026.118659

Faihaa Mohammed Eltigani, Xuantao Su

Single particle analysis is essential for clinical diagnosis, which helps identify the highly heterogeneous nature of microscale cells and nanoscale exosomes. However, most analytical methods require the use of labels and stains that could perturb the original bio-states of single cells or exosomes. Light scattering methods offer substantial advances by providing label-free, rapid, and cost-effective imaging and sensing technologies with nanometer detection sensitivity. Recent research has witnessed the emergence of novel label-free methods for single-cell and exosome analysis. This review discusses light scattering imaging and sensing methods for label-free analysis of single cells and exosomes, focusing on high-resolution, high-throughput, and high-content technologies. The review framework also encompasses advances in artificial intelligence for light scattering optical metrology, an essential field in optical imaging and sensing. This review is expected to provide promising directions to leverage light scattering multimodal technology toward label-free multiscale analysis of single cells or exosomes.

单颗粒分析对于临床诊断至关重要，它有助于识别微尺度细胞和纳米尺度外泌体的高度异质性。然而，大多数分析方法需要使用标签和染色剂，这可能会扰乱单细胞或外泌体的原始生物状态。光散射方法通过提供具有纳米检测灵敏度的无标签、快速和经济高效的成像和传感技术，提供了实质性的进步。最近的研究见证了单细胞和外泌体分析的新型无标记方法的出现。本文综述了用于单细胞和外泌体无标记分析的光散射成像和传感方法，重点介绍了高分辨率、高通量和高含量技术。回顾框架还包括光散射光学计量的人工智能进展，这是光学成像和传感的重要领域。这一综述有望为利用光散射多模态技术进行单细胞或外泌体的无标记多尺度分析提供有希望的方向。

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引用次数: 0

Active terahertz modulation via functional materials: Recent advances and applications 基于功能材料的主动太赫兹调制：最新进展与应用

IF 12 1区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL

Trends in Analytical Chemistry

Pub Date : 2026-01-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2026.118647

Eui Young Rho , Jieun Kang , Taeyeon Kim , Minah Seo

The terahertz electromagnetic wave band has recently attracted more attention, is a highly anticipated technology, expected to play an important role in communication, healthcare, environment, and security. With its low photon-energy characteristics, the application of terahertz, which can non-destructively inspect the physical and optical properties of materials. From this point of view, the key is to ensure the free control and versatility of devices operating in this band. To do this, many recent research introduced modulation of the physical properties of materials or combine appropriate structures. We will examine in detail the studies that regulate the physical properties of the material itself by external stimuli such as optical, electrical, or thermal excitation, and the fundamental governing mechanisms by which optical constants can be controlled. This review highlights the potential of the terahertz devices for high-sensitivity sensing technology and its future applications in various fields, along with the challenges of the latest technology.

太赫兹电磁波频段近年来备受关注，是一项备受期待的技术，有望在通信、医疗、环境、安全等领域发挥重要作用。由于太赫兹具有低光子能量的特性，应用太赫兹可以无损地检测材料的物理和光学性质。从这个角度来看，关键是确保在该频段内运行的设备的自由控制和多功能性。为了做到这一点，许多最近的研究引入了材料物理性质的调制或组合适当的结构。我们将详细研究通过外部刺激（如光、电或热激发）调节材料本身物理特性的研究，以及控制光学常数的基本控制机制。本文综述了太赫兹器件在高灵敏度传感技术中的潜力及其在各个领域的未来应用，以及最新技术面临的挑战。

引用次数: 0

Advances in novel strategies for long noncoding RNA assay 长链非编码RNA检测新策略的研究进展

IF 12 1区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL

Trends in Analytical Chemistry

Pub Date : 2026-01-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2026.118646

Huimin Yuan, Hai-juan Li, Li-juan Wang, Chun-yang Zhang

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are transcripts that lack protein-coding potential but regulate pivotal biological processes and carcinogenesis. Dysregulated lncRNA expression contributes to the pathogenesis and progression of diverse diseases, including cancers, neuronal disorders, and cardiovascular diseases. Consequently, lncRNAs have served as both diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets of cancers. Recently, numerous analytical techniques have been established for lncRNA detection, providing valuable insights into the prevention, diagnosis, and therapy of diseases. However, there are no systematic review that comprehensively summarizes the classification, biological functions, analytical methods, and clinical applications of lncRNAs. Herein, we introduce the classification and biological functions of lncRNAs, and focus on the advances in novel strategies from in vitro detection to in vivo imaging of lncRNA. We summarize their mechanisms, performances, features, and potential applications in tumor cell discrimination, clinical diagnosis, and disease therapy. Furthermore, we discuss the current challenges and future directions in the field.

长链非编码rna （lncRNAs）是一种缺乏蛋白质编码潜能但调控关键生物学过程和致癌作用的转录本。失调的lncRNA表达有助于多种疾病的发病和进展，包括癌症、神经疾病和心血管疾病。因此，lncrna既可以作为癌症的诊断生物标志物，也可以作为癌症的治疗靶点。近年来，许多检测lncRNA的分析技术已经建立起来，为疾病的预防、诊断和治疗提供了有价值的见解。然而，目前还没有系统综述对lncrna的分类、生物学功能、分析方法和临床应用进行全面总结。本文介绍了lncRNA的分类和生物学功能，并重点介绍了lncRNA从体外检测到体内成像的新策略进展。本文综述了它们的作用机制、性能、特点及其在肿瘤细胞鉴别、临床诊断和疾病治疗中的潜在应用。此外，我们还讨论了该领域当前的挑战和未来的发展方向。

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引用次数: 0

From laboratory development to clinical translation: Electrochemical sensing strategy for neural interfaces 从实验室发展到临床转化：神经接口的电化学传感策略

IF 12 1区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL

Trends in Analytical Chemistry

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2025.118642

Chen Liu , Yongqi Cheng , Lehui Lu

Electrochemical technology has emerged as a highly promising approach for diverse advanced applications, including energy conversion, substance detection, chemical synthesis, and precision machining. Its recent application in molecular diagnosis is particularly significant, as it enables monitoring of molecular-level changes and provides dynamic feedback during biological processes. In neurological medicine, the primary role of electrochemical molecular diagnostics lies in recording in situ fluctuations of neurochemicals. Moreover, various electrochemical techniques and sensors serve as indispensable tools in molecular diagnostic workflows and have been increasingly applied to neurological applications. This review highlights the technical advances in electrochemical technologies for molecular diagnostics reported in the past five years. We further discuss the current limitations and future challenges associated with the clinical translation of electrochemical neural biosensors, with particular emphasis on their potential for rapid high-throughput screening of large-scale clinical samples and real-time in vivo detection.

电化学技术在能量转换、物质检测、化学合成和精密加工等多种先进应用中具有很高的应用前景。它最近在分子诊断中的应用尤其重要，因为它可以监测分子水平的变化，并在生物过程中提供动态反馈。在神经医学中，电化学分子诊断的主要作用在于记录神经化学物质的原位波动。此外，各种电化学技术和传感器是分子诊断工作流程中不可或缺的工具，并越来越多地应用于神经学应用。本文综述了近五年来电化学技术在分子诊断方面的研究进展。我们进一步讨论了与电化学神经生物传感器临床翻译相关的当前限制和未来挑战，特别强调了它们在大规模临床样品的快速高通量筛选和实时体内检测方面的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Recent advances in application of artificial intelligence algorithms in terahertz sensing techniques 人工智能算法在太赫兹传感技术中的应用进展

IF 12 1区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL

Trends in Analytical Chemistry

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2025.118645

Jianyuan Qin, Xing Wu, Fang Wang, Binggang Xiao, Yong Du

Terahertz sensing techniques have been widely utilized to determine the properties of targets across a range of fields in recent years. Artificial intelligence algorithms provide a promising solution to address the escalating need for higher efficiency and accuracy. With the aid of artificial intelligence algorithms, terahertz sensing techniques can significantly improve their performance in terms of analytical sensitivity, imaging resolution, and operational efficacy. This review is devoted to the recent advances in terahertz sensing techniques assisted by artificial intelligence algorithms. First, an overview of terahertz sensing techniques and artificial intelligence algorithms is provided. Subsequently, the applications of artificial intelligence algorithms in terahertz spectroscopy, imaging, and metasensor design are elaborated in detail. Finally, a conclusion and outlook for artificial intelligence algorithms-assisted terahertz sensing techniques are presented.

近年来，太赫兹传感技术被广泛应用于确定目标的性质。人工智能算法提供了一个有前途的解决方案，以满足对更高效率和准确性的不断增长的需求。在人工智能算法的帮助下，太赫兹传感技术可以显著提高其在分析灵敏度、成像分辨率和操作效率方面的性能。本文综述了人工智能算法辅助下太赫兹传感技术的最新进展。首先，概述了太赫兹传感技术和人工智能算法。随后，详细阐述了人工智能算法在太赫兹光谱学、成像和超传感器设计中的应用。最后，对人工智能算法辅助太赫兹传感技术进行了总结和展望。

引用次数: 0

Recent advances in solid phase extraction involving nanomaterials for analytical purpose: A critical view 分析用纳米材料固相萃取的最新进展：综述

IF 12 1区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL

Trends in Analytical Chemistry

Pub Date : 2025-12-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2025.118643

Pablo Montoro , Mohammed Zougagh , Ángel Ríos

One of the main objectives for analytical chemists is the accurate and precise determination of target analytes in real samples. Although solid-phase extraction (SPE) has been a traditional and standard approach to achieve this purpose, conventional sorbents often suffer from limited selectivity, poor regeneration capacity, and a narrow sorption range, which restrict their applicability in challenging analytical scenarios. In this context, nanomaterials emerged as promising alternatives because of their tunable composition and structure, functionalizable surface, high specific surface area, and remarkable thermal, chemical, and physical stability. Relevant literature related to their use as sorbents in sample preparation protocols published in 2020–2025 are discussed. The period of last five years has been selected since a marked increase in the development of advanced two-dimensional nanosorbents, hybrid nanocomposites, and novel sustainable approaches has been noted, consolidating previously observed trends in this field. This review focuses on used nanomaterials, extraction methodology, and applications, including target analytes, and real samples. Additionally, an evaluation of key drawbacks derived from the use of nanomaterials such as aggregation tendency, cost-effectiveness for routine applications, and regulatory concerns is addressed. Although the nanomaterials have already demonstrated the potential to overcome limitations of conventional SPE sorbents, their definitive implementation will depend on addressing these unresolved challenges. This work is intended to provide an update on this topic and underscore future research directions that may enable practical implementation of nanomaterials as sorbents.

分析化学家的主要目标之一是准确和精确地测定实际样品中的目标分析物。尽管固相萃取（SPE）一直是实现这一目标的传统和标准方法，但传统的吸附剂通常存在选择性有限、再生能力差和吸附范围窄的问题，这限制了它们在具有挑战性的分析场景中的适用性。在这种情况下，纳米材料因其可调节的成分和结构、可功能化的表面、高比表面积以及卓越的热、化学和物理稳定性而成为有希望的替代品。讨论了在2020-2025年出版的样品制备方案中使用它们作为吸附剂的相关文献。之所以选择过去五年，是因为人们注意到先进二维纳米吸附剂、混合纳米复合材料和新型可持续方法的发展显著增加，巩固了该领域先前观察到的趋势。本文综述了常用的纳米材料、提取方法和应用，包括目标分析物和实际样品。此外，对使用纳米材料的主要缺点进行了评估，如聚集倾向、常规应用的成本效益和监管问题。尽管纳米材料已经证明了克服传统SPE吸附剂局限性的潜力，但它们的最终实施将取决于解决这些尚未解决的挑战。这项工作旨在提供这一主题的最新进展，并强调未来的研究方向，可能使纳米材料作为吸附剂的实际实施成为可能。

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引用次数: 0

Integrating smartphone optical sensors with paper-based analytical devices: a future standalone platform for onsite detection and analysis 集成智能手机光学传感器与基于纸张的分析设备：未来的现场检测和分析的独立平台

IF 12 1区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL

Trends in Analytical Chemistry

Pub Date : 2025-12-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2025.118625

Yanawut Manmana , Biprav Chetry , Sibasish Dutta , Pabitra Nath , Daniel Citterio

The beginning of this century has witnessed the emergence of many disruptive technologies changing the ways of sensing target analytes. Among these, smartphone-enabled analytical devices (SEADs) have gained attention as a promising technology, particularly in resource-limited settings. SEADs are recognized for being portable, cost-effective, user-friendly, and reliable platforms for detecting a wide range of analytes. In parallel, paper-based analytical devices (PADs) primarily relying on colorimetric or fluorescence signal transduction, have also attracted significant research interest across various applications. This review highlights the potential of integrating these two emerging analytical platforms, a combination that could revolutionize future onsite sensing. An overview of SEADs and PADs is provided, with focus on recent developments in optical detection. Advantages and limitations of integrating smartphones with PADs in different scenarios are presented. Additionally, recent applications of smartphone-coupled PADs are presented. Finally, key challenges associated with merging these two technologies are discussed.

本世纪初，许多颠覆性技术的出现改变了检测目标分析物的方式。其中，智能手机分析设备（SEADs）作为一项有前途的技术受到了关注，特别是在资源有限的环境中。SEADs被公认为便携、经济、用户友好和可靠的平台，可检测各种分析物。与此同时，主要依靠比色或荧光信号转导的纸基分析装置（pad）也引起了各种应用领域的重大研究兴趣。这篇综述强调了整合这两种新兴分析平台的潜力，这种结合可能会彻底改变未来的现场传感。概述了SEADs和PADs，重点介绍了光学检测的最新发展。提出了智能手机与pad在不同场景下集成的优点和局限性。此外，还介绍了智能手机耦合pad的最新应用。最后，讨论了与合并这两种技术相关的关键挑战。

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引用次数: 0

Recent advances in real-time imaging of single-bacterium metabolic dynamics 单细菌代谢动力学实时成像的最新进展

IF 12 1区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL

Trends in Analytical Chemistry

Pub Date : 2025-12-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2025.118641

Jia Gao, Wei Wang

Single-cell metabolic heterogeneity is a fundamental aspect of bacterial physiology, influencing cellular growth, stress adaptation, and antibiotic response. However, this heterogeneity is often obscured by population-averaged measurements. Recent advances in real-time optical imaging now enable direct tracking of individual bacterial cells, providing temporal resolution of metabolic activity and revealing transient behaviors that are inaccessible using bulk approaches. This review surveys two major imaging strategies: fluorescence-based methods, which provide sensitive and specific readouts of metabolic dynamics, and label-free techniques, which capture intrinsic physical or chemical signatures associated with cellular activity. When integrated with microfluidic confinement and live-cell tracking, these approaches support high-throughput and long-term studies at single-cell resolution. Together, these imaging capabilities have enabled diverse applications, including rapid antibiotic susceptibility testing (AST), identification of transient electrochemical phenomena, and lineage-resolved analysis of heritable metabolic traits. By comparing the sensitivity, specificity, and physiological invasiveness of current methodologies, this review highlights how real-time single-bacterium imaging contributes to an improved understanding of microbial individuality and informs developments in antibiotic discovery, microbial engineering, and systems-level metabolic modeling.

单细胞代谢异质性是细菌生理的一个基本方面，影响细胞生长、应激适应和抗生素反应。然而，这种异质性往往被人口平均测量所掩盖。实时光学成像的最新进展现在可以直接跟踪单个细菌细胞，提供代谢活动的时间分辨率，并揭示使用批量方法无法获得的瞬态行为。本文综述了两种主要的成像策略：基于荧光的方法，提供敏感和特定的代谢动力学读数，以及无标记技术，捕获与细胞活动相关的内在物理或化学特征。当与微流体约束和活细胞跟踪集成时，这些方法支持单细胞分辨率的高通量和长期研究。总之，这些成像能力已经实现了多种应用，包括快速抗生素敏感性测试（AST），瞬态电化学现象的识别，以及遗传代谢性状的谱系分辨分析。通过比较当前方法的敏感性、特异性和生理侵入性，本综述强调了实时单细菌成像如何有助于提高对微生物个性的理解，并为抗生素发现、微生物工程和系统级代谢建模的发展提供信息。

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引用次数: 0