Conspiracy theories are not merely propositions about states of affairs, they are also speech acts and because of that their meaning consists not only in what conspiracy theorists say but also in what they do with words or, in other words, in the pragmatics of their stories. Building on a concept developed by Stanley Cavell, the article argues that from the point of view of pragmatics conspiracy theories are a form of passionate speech. In contrast with illocutionary acts, the point of passionate speech consists in making the other respond here, now and in kind (thus implicitly recognizing that the subject of the act has rightfully addressed her or him in this way). The conceptualization of conspiracy theories as passionate speech is intended to demonstrate that debunking can be counterproductive if it ignores the pragmatic dimension of conspiracy theories, and in effect the attempts to counteract disinformation can easily deteriorate into a dialogue of the deaf.
{"title":"Conspiracy theories and passion","authors":"T. Hristov","doi":"10.1075/ps.22076.hri","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/ps.22076.hri","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Conspiracy theories are not merely propositions about states of affairs, they are also speech acts and because of\u0000 that their meaning consists not only in what conspiracy theorists say but also in what they do with words or, in other words, in\u0000 the pragmatics of their stories. Building on a concept developed by Stanley Cavell, the article argues that from the point of view\u0000 of pragmatics conspiracy theories are a form of passionate speech. In contrast with illocutionary acts, the point of passionate\u0000 speech consists in making the other respond here, now and in kind (thus implicitly recognizing that the subject of the act has\u0000 rightfully addressed her or him in this way). The conceptualization of conspiracy theories as passionate speech is intended to\u0000 demonstrate that debunking can be counterproductive if it ignores the pragmatic dimension of conspiracy theories, and in effect\u0000 the attempts to counteract disinformation can easily deteriorate into a dialogue of the deaf.","PeriodicalId":44036,"journal":{"name":"Pragmatics and Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138613546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Review of Panther (2022): Introduction to Cognitive Pragmatics","authors":"Kim Ebensgaard Jensen","doi":"10.1075/ps.00078.rev","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/ps.00078.rev","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44036,"journal":{"name":"Pragmatics and Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138616161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Review of McCready (2019): The Semantics and Pragmatics of Honorification: Register and Social Meaning","authors":"Chengtuan Li, Xiaorui Li","doi":"10.1075/ps.00074.li","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/ps.00074.li","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44036,"journal":{"name":"Pragmatics and Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139202560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Review of Placencia & Eslami (2020): Complimenting Behavior and (Self)Praise across Social Media. New Contexts and New Insights","authors":"J. Colomina-Almiñana","doi":"10.1075/ps.00072.col","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/ps.00072.col","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44036,"journal":{"name":"Pragmatics and Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139197151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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{"title":"Review of House & Kádár (2021): Cross-cultural pragmatics","authors":"Roberto Graci","doi":"10.1075/ps.00071.gra","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/ps.00071.gra","url":null,"abstract":"Preview this online first article: Review of House & Kádár (2021): Cross-cultural pragmatics, Page 1 of 1 < Previous page | Next page > /docserver/preview/fulltext/10.1075/ps.00071.gra/ps.00071.gra-1.gif","PeriodicalId":44036,"journal":{"name":"Pragmatics and Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135635498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Credible expertise is no longer a given in our contemporary democracy: for knowledge to be authoritative, experts must take into account a wider audience than just scientific colleagues. This study uses conversation analysis and discursive psychology to investigate how experts deal with this role in practice. We show that experts in a Dutch public hearing on GM food orient to ‘speaking on behalf of the public’ without undermining their status as experts. They do this by (1) animating but not overlapping the voices of the public (2) speaking on behalf of ‘the consumer’ and (3) presenting hypothetical public opinions. In this way, experts reconcile what they treat as the dual requirement of distance to support an expert opinion and the proximity to the public required for good democracy. We further discuss what implications this research has for the role of experts in a modern democracy.
{"title":"Dealing with the dual demands of expertise and democracy","authors":"Henrike Padmos, Hedwig te Molder, Tom Koole","doi":"10.1075/ps.22071.pad","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/ps.22071.pad","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Credible expertise is no longer a given in our contemporary democracy: for knowledge to be authoritative, experts must take into account a wider audience than just scientific colleagues. This study uses conversation analysis and discursive psychology to investigate how experts deal with this role in practice. We show that experts in a Dutch public hearing on GM food orient to ‘speaking on behalf of the public’ without undermining their status as experts. They do this by (1) animating but not overlapping the voices of the public (2) speaking on behalf of ‘the consumer’ and (3) presenting hypothetical public opinions. In this way, experts reconcile what they treat as the dual requirement of distance to support an expert opinion and the proximity to the public required for good democracy. We further discuss what implications this research has for the role of experts in a modern democracy.","PeriodicalId":44036,"journal":{"name":"Pragmatics and Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135933132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Review of Cap (2022): The Discourse of Conflict and Crisis: Poland’s Political Rhetoric in the European Perspective","authors":"Roberto M. Lobato","doi":"10.1075/ps.00075.lob","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/ps.00075.lob","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44036,"journal":{"name":"Pragmatics and Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136022555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Review of Walton, Macagno & Sartor (2019): Statutory Interpretation. Pragmatics and Argumentation","authors":"Jan Engberg","doi":"10.1075/ps.00073.eng","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/ps.00073.eng","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44036,"journal":{"name":"Pragmatics and Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136022561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract This study investigates the identity positioning of doctors and e‑patients in online medical consultations (OMCs) in China from the perspective of poststructuralist discourse analysis. Adopting positioning theory as the analytical framework, the study examines 100 asynchronous text-based OMCs with the purpose of identifying the positions of the OMC participants and the pragmatic function of these positions. The study found that the identity of e‑patients and doctors reflects multiple positions that are constructed and negotiated in the OMC discourse, including the emotional support seeker/giver position, the online buyer/seller position, the peer position, and the ‘family member’ position. Taken together, these positions can help establish an affective relationality between doctors and e‑patients, which contributes to a positive image of the participants and to the empowerment of e‑patients in particular.
{"title":"Discursive positioning of doctors and e‑patients in online medical consultations in China","authors":"Yu Zhang","doi":"10.1075/ps.19025.zha","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/ps.19025.zha","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This study investigates the identity positioning of doctors and e‑patients in online medical consultations (OMCs) in China from the perspective of poststructuralist discourse analysis. Adopting positioning theory as the analytical framework, the study examines 100 asynchronous text-based OMCs with the purpose of identifying the positions of the OMC participants and the pragmatic function of these positions. The study found that the identity of e‑patients and doctors reflects multiple positions that are constructed and negotiated in the OMC discourse, including the emotional support seeker/giver position, the online buyer/seller position, the peer position, and the ‘family member’ position. Taken together, these positions can help establish an affective relationality between doctors and e‑patients, which contributes to a positive image of the participants and to the empowerment of e‑patients in particular.","PeriodicalId":44036,"journal":{"name":"Pragmatics and Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136022554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract The current research draws on the pragmatic approach to ELF initiated by Kecskes (2019) , who proposes that temporary norms and routines are created during intercultural encounters and interactions. Based on the qualitative and quantitative analysis of collocate tokens that are strongly associated with the verb phrases of see, look, hear, listen, watch , and feel , retrieved from Asian and European ELF corpora, this study demonstrates the tendency to use similar lexical associative patterns among ELF interlocutors despite their distinct linguacultural backgrounds. An analysis of the lexical associations of the verb phrases in ELF and English Native Language (ENL) corpora further confirms that ELF speakers do not conform to ENL conventions; instead, they start to develop their own norms that are characterized by specific lexical associations and formulaic expressions.
{"title":"Exploring lexical associations in English as a Lingua Franca interactions","authors":"Yang Pang","doi":"10.1075/ps.22040.pan","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/ps.22040.pan","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The current research draws on the pragmatic approach to ELF initiated by Kecskes (2019) , who proposes that temporary norms and routines are created during intercultural encounters and interactions. Based on the qualitative and quantitative analysis of collocate tokens that are strongly associated with the verb phrases of see, look, hear, listen, watch , and feel , retrieved from Asian and European ELF corpora, this study demonstrates the tendency to use similar lexical associative patterns among ELF interlocutors despite their distinct linguacultural backgrounds. An analysis of the lexical associations of the verb phrases in ELF and English Native Language (ENL) corpora further confirms that ELF speakers do not conform to ENL conventions; instead, they start to develop their own norms that are characterized by specific lexical associations and formulaic expressions.","PeriodicalId":44036,"journal":{"name":"Pragmatics and Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135616146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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