Pub Date : 2024-06-01DOI: 10.1016/S0968-0004(24)00123-3
{"title":"Advisory Board and Contents","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S0968-0004(24)00123-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S0968-0004(24)00123-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":440,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Biochemical Sciences","volume":"49 6","pages":"Pages i-ii"},"PeriodicalIF":13.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0968000424001233/pdfft?md5=051918d74506a4a0a0028f9adba942e8&pid=1-s2.0-S0968000424001233-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141263806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Osmotic stress conditions occur at multiple stages of plant life. Changes in water availability caused by osmotic stress induce alterations in the mechanical properties of the plasma membrane, its interaction with the cell wall, and the concentration of macromolecules in the cytoplasm. We summarize the reported players involved in the sensing mechanisms of osmotic stress in plants. We discuss how changes in macromolecular crowding are perceived intracellularly by intrinsically disordered regions (IDRs) in proteins. Finally, we review methods for dynamically monitoring macromolecular crowding in living cells and discuss why their implementation is required for the discovery of new plant osmosensors. Elucidating the osmosensing mechanisms will be essential for designing strategies to improve plant productivity in the face of climate change.
{"title":"Macromolecular crowding sensing during osmotic stress in plants","authors":"G.I. Meneses-Reyes , D.L. Rodriguez-Bustos , C.L. Cuevas-Velazquez","doi":"10.1016/j.tibs.2024.02.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tibs.2024.02.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Osmotic stress conditions occur at multiple stages of plant life. Changes in water availability caused by osmotic stress induce alterations in the mechanical properties of the plasma membrane, its interaction with the cell wall, and the concentration of macromolecules in the cytoplasm. We summarize the reported players involved in the sensing mechanisms of osmotic stress in plants. We discuss how changes in macromolecular crowding are perceived intracellularly by intrinsically disordered regions (IDRs) in proteins. Finally, we review methods for dynamically monitoring macromolecular crowding in living cells and discuss why their implementation is required for the discovery of new plant osmosensors. Elucidating the osmosensing mechanisms will be essential for designing strategies to improve plant productivity in the face of climate change.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":440,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Biochemical Sciences","volume":"49 6","pages":"Pages 480-493"},"PeriodicalIF":13.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0968000424000380/pdfft?md5=3672c7f0acf7914d4916e59542eaed4e&pid=1-s2.0-S0968000424000380-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140183410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-01DOI: 10.1016/j.tibs.2024.03.010
Chen Zhao
Lipid nanodiscs are popular mimetics of biological membranes for determining membrane protein structures. However, a recent study revealed that the choice of nanodisc scaffold directly influenced the structure of an ion channel. This finding prompts us to be cautious and calls for improved membrane mimetics for structure determination.
{"title":"Limitations in membrane protein structure determination by lipid nanodiscs","authors":"Chen Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.tibs.2024.03.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tibs.2024.03.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Lipid nanodiscs are popular mimetics of biological membranes for determining membrane protein structures. However, a recent study revealed that the choice of nanodisc scaffold directly influenced the structure of an ion channel. This finding prompts us to be cautious and calls for improved membrane mimetics for structure determination.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":440,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Biochemical Sciences","volume":"49 6","pages":"Pages 475-476"},"PeriodicalIF":13.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140304293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-01DOI: 10.1016/j.tibs.2024.03.005
Scott A. Jones , Jonathan J. Ruprecht , Paul G. Crichton , Edmund R.S. Kunji
In mitochondria, the oxidation of nutrients is coupled to ATP synthesis by the generation of a protonmotive force across the mitochondrial inner membrane. In mammalian brown adipose tissue (BAT), uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1, SLC25A7), a member of the SLC25 mitochondrial carrier family, dissipates the protonmotive force by facilitating the return of protons to the mitochondrial matrix. This process short-circuits the mitochondrion, generating heat for non-shivering thermogenesis. Recent cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) structures of human UCP1 have provided new molecular insights into the inhibition and activation of thermogenesis. Here, we discuss these structures, describing how purine nucleotides lock UCP1 in a proton-impermeable conformation and rationalizing potential conformational changes of this carrier in response to fatty acid activators that enable proton leak for thermogenesis.
在线粒体中，营养物质的氧化与 ATP 的合成是通过在线粒体内膜上产生质子动力来实现的。在哺乳动物棕色脂肪组织（BAT）中，SLC25 线粒体载体家族成员解偶联蛋白 1（UCP1，SLC25A7）通过促进质子返回线粒体基质来消散质子动力。这一过程可使线粒体短路，产生热量用于非颤抖性产热。最近人类 UCP1 的低温电子显微镜（cryo-EM）结构为抑制和激活产热提供了新的分子见解。在这里，我们讨论了这些结构，描述了嘌呤核苷酸如何将 UCP1 锁定在质子不透性构象中，并合理解释了这种载体在脂肪酸激活剂作用下可能发生的构象变化，这种变化使质子泄漏用于产热。
{"title":"Structural mechanisms of mitochondrial uncoupling protein 1 regulation in thermogenesis","authors":"Scott A. Jones , Jonathan J. Ruprecht , Paul G. Crichton , Edmund R.S. Kunji","doi":"10.1016/j.tibs.2024.03.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tibs.2024.03.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In mitochondria, the oxidation of nutrients is coupled to ATP synthesis by the generation of a protonmotive force across the mitochondrial inner membrane. In mammalian brown adipose tissue (BAT), uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1, SLC25A7), a member of the SLC25 mitochondrial carrier family, dissipates the protonmotive force by facilitating the return of protons to the mitochondrial matrix. This process short-circuits the mitochondrion, generating heat for non-shivering thermogenesis. Recent cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) structures of human UCP1 have provided new molecular insights into the inhibition and activation of thermogenesis. Here, we discuss these structures, describing how purine nucleotides lock UCP1 in a proton-impermeable conformation and rationalizing potential conformational changes of this carrier in response to fatty acid activators that enable proton leak for thermogenesis.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":440,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Biochemical Sciences","volume":"49 6","pages":"Pages 506-519"},"PeriodicalIF":13.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0968000424000719/pdfft?md5=4275e31dee205ccf724ae3979e5131c3&pid=1-s2.0-S0968000424000719-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140771367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-01DOI: 10.1016/j.tibs.2024.04.004
Dechang Cao
A recently characterized RNA modification is NAD+-modified RNAs (NAD-RNAs). Various enzymes decap NAD-RNAs, and Wang and Yu et al. now describe another, namely Toll/interleukin-1 receptor (TIR) domain-containing proteins of bacteria and Archaea. TIR decapping products are a specific variant of cyclic ADP ribose (ADPR)-RNAs (v-cADPR-RNAs), opening a new window to the NAD-RNA world.
{"title":"Decapping NAD-RNAs: TIR domain-containing proteins stand out for specificity","authors":"Dechang Cao","doi":"10.1016/j.tibs.2024.04.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tibs.2024.04.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A recently characterized RNA modification is NAD<sup>+</sup>-modified RNAs (NAD-RNAs). Various enzymes decap NAD-RNAs, and <span>Wang and Yu <em>et al.</em></span><svg><path></path></svg> now describe another, namely Toll/interleukin-1 receptor (TIR) domain-containing proteins of bacteria and Archaea. TIR decapping products are a specific variant of cyclic ADP ribose (ADPR)-RNAs (v-cADPR-RNAs), opening a new window to the NAD-RNA world.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":440,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Biochemical Sciences","volume":"49 6","pages":"Pages 477-479"},"PeriodicalIF":13.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140849873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-01DOI: 10.1016/S0968-0004(24)00126-9
{"title":"Subscription and Copyright Information","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S0968-0004(24)00126-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S0968-0004(24)00126-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":440,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Biochemical Sciences","volume":"49 6","pages":"Page e1"},"PeriodicalIF":13.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141264087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-01DOI: 10.1016/j.tibs.2024.03.001
Ruma Banerjee , Kirsten F. Block
Discoveries at the frontiers of science and finding solutions to pressing biomedical problems will be accelerated when talent, which is widely distributed, is better aligned with opportunities. Strategies to enhance a MOSAIC (Maximizing Opportunities for Scientific and Academic Independent Careers) professoriate and diversify the biomedical landscape are discussed.
{"title":"Promoting a MOSAIC future in science","authors":"Ruma Banerjee , Kirsten F. Block","doi":"10.1016/j.tibs.2024.03.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tibs.2024.03.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Discoveries at the frontiers of science and finding solutions to pressing biomedical problems will be accelerated when talent, which is widely distributed, is better aligned with opportunities. Strategies to enhance a MOSAIC (Maximizing Opportunities for Scientific and Academic Independent Careers) professoriate and diversify the biomedical landscape are discussed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":440,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Biochemical Sciences","volume":"49 6","pages":"Pages 471-474"},"PeriodicalIF":13.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140183411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-01DOI: 10.1016/j.tibs.2024.02.006
Danielle E. Mor
Phosphorylation of α-synuclein protein at serine-129 (Ser129P) is a widely used marker for disease pathology in neurodegenerative disorders termed synucleinopathies. In groundbreaking work by Parra-Rivas, Madhivanan et al., Ser129P was shown to facilitate the normal function of α-synuclein, bearing significant implications for the transition from a physiological to pathological state.
{"title":"Keeping neuronal activity in check: a novel role for α-synuclein serine-129 phosphorylation in the healthy brain","authors":"Danielle E. Mor","doi":"10.1016/j.tibs.2024.02.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tibs.2024.02.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Phosphorylation of α-synuclein protein at serine-129 (Ser129P) is a widely used marker for disease pathology in neurodegenerative disorders termed synucleinopathies. In groundbreaking work by <span>Parra-Rivas, Madhivanan <em>et al</em>.,</span><svg><path></path></svg> Ser129P was shown to facilitate the normal function of α-synuclein, bearing significant implications for the transition from a physiological to pathological state.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":440,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Biochemical Sciences","volume":"49 5","pages":"Pages 382-383"},"PeriodicalIF":13.8,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140058295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-01DOI: 10.1016/S0968-0004(24)00092-6
{"title":"Subscription and Copyright Information","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S0968-0004(24)00092-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S0968-0004(24)00092-6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":440,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Biochemical Sciences","volume":"49 5","pages":"Page e1"},"PeriodicalIF":13.8,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140822652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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