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Large language models in food science: Innovations, applications, and future 食品科学中的大型语言模型:创新、应用和未来
IF 15.3 1区 农林科学 Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2024-04-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2024.104488
Peihua Ma , Shawn Tsai , Yiyang He , Xiaoxue Jia , Dongyang Zhen , Ning Yu , Qin Wang , Jaspreet K.C. Ahuja , Cheng-I Wei

Background

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly significant in food science, transforming areas such as recipe development, nutritional analysis, food safety, and supply chain management. These models bring sophisticated decision-making, predictive analytics, and natural language processing capabilities to various aspects of food science.

Scope and approach

The review focuses on the application of LLMs in enhancing food science, with a strong emphasis on food safety, especially in contaminant detection and risk assessment. It addresses the roles of AI and LLMs in regulatory compliance and food quality control. Challenges like data biases, misinformation risks, and implementation hurdles, including data limitations and ethical concerns, are discussed. The necessity for interdisciplinary collaboration to overcome these challenges is also highlighted.

Key findings and conclusions

LLMs hold significant potential in automating processes and improving accuracy and efficiency in the global food system. Successful implementation requires continuous updates and ethical considerations. The paper provides insights for academics, industry professionals, and policymakers on the impact of LLMs in food science, emphasizing the importance of interdisciplinary efforts in this domain. Despite potential challenges, the integration of LLMs in food science promises transformative advancements.

背景大语言模型(LLMs)在食品科学中的作用越来越大,改变了食谱开发、营养分析、食品安全和供应链管理等领域。这些模型为食品科学的各个方面带来了复杂的决策、预测分析和自然语言处理能力。范围和方法本综述重点关注 LLMs 在增强食品科学方面的应用,特别强调食品安全,尤其是在污染物检测和风险评估方面。它探讨了人工智能和 LLM 在监管合规和食品质量控制方面的作用。讨论了数据偏差、错误信息风险和实施障碍等挑战,包括数据限制和伦理问题。主要发现和结论LLMs 在实现流程自动化、提高全球食品系统的准确性和效率方面具有巨大潜力。成功实施需要不断更新和道德方面的考虑。本文为学术界、行业专业人士和政策制定者提供了关于实验室知识管理在食品科学中的影响的见解,强调了跨学科工作在这一领域的重要性。尽管存在潜在的挑战,但将法律硕士纳入食品科学有望带来变革性的进步。
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引用次数: 0
Effect of Lactobacillus fermentation on the structural feature, physicochemical property, and bioactivity of plant and fungal polysaccharides: A review 乳酸菌发酵对植物和真菌多糖的结构特征、理化性质和生物活性的影响:综述
IF 15.3 1区 农林科学 Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2024-04-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2024.104492
Zichao Wang , Yi Zheng , Xueyan Zhou , Xueqin Wang , Xirui Liu , Qiong Wang , Renyong Zhao , Minjie Gao , Zhitao Li , Yingjie Feng , Yongming Xu , Na Li , Minwei Xu , Qi Sun , Qi Wang , Jinchu Yang , Lemei An

Background

Polysaccharides are important nutritional and functional elements, especially those from edible plants and fungi. However, bioactivities of plant and fungal polysaccharides are usually low, and they cannot meet actual needs. Apart from physical, chemical, and enzymatic modifications, microbial fermentation is also a safe, green, promising, and preferred strategy.

Scope and approach

As a probiotic with long application history, Lactobacillus has been widely used to ferment food and modify bioactive ingredients such as plant and fungal polysaccharides. Lactobacillus fermentation can not only modify structural features and physicochemical properties of plant and fungal polysaccharides, but also enhance their bioactivities and applications.

Key findings and conclusions

By summarizing relevant literature in last 5 years, Lactobacillus fermentation is found to remarkably improve bioactivities of plant and fungal polysaccharides, which is more and more favored and valued by scholars. Meanwhile, four strains (Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus fermentum, and Lactobacillus casei) are usually used to modify plant and fungal polysaccharides, and three structural features (molecular weight, monosaccharide, and morphology) are mainly affected. This work can not only provide a green modification method on plant and fungal polysaccharides with Lactobacillus fermentation, but also help to develop fermented functional beverages or food involving Lactobacillus directly.

背景多糖是重要的营养和功能元素,尤其是来自食用植物和真菌的多糖。然而,植物多糖和真菌多糖的生物活性通常较低,不能满足实际需要。作为一种应用历史悠久的益生菌,乳酸菌已被广泛用于发酵食品和改性生物活性成分,如植物和真菌多糖。主要发现和结论 通过总结近 5 年的相关文献,发现乳酸菌发酵能显著提高植物多糖和真菌多糖的生物活性,越来越受到学者们的青睐和重视。同时,通常采用鼠李糖乳杆菌、植物乳杆菌、发酵乳杆菌和干酪乳杆菌四种菌株对植物和真菌多糖进行改性,主要影响三种结构特征(分子量、单糖和形态)。本研究不仅为乳酸菌发酵植物多糖和真菌多糖提供了一种绿色改性方法,而且有助于直接利用乳酸菌开发发酵功能饮料或食品。
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引用次数: 0
Progress in nanomaterials-based fluorescent assays of microcystins in seafood and aquaculture supply chains 基于纳米材料的海产品和水产养殖供应链中微囊藻毒素荧光检测技术的进展
IF 15.3 1区 农林科学 Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2024-04-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2024.104490
Fengjiao He , Chao Nie , Sha Liu , Guojian Wu , Yizhong Shen , Nannan Qiu , Yongning Wu , Xin Liu

Background

Microcystins (MCs) is toxic substances that may affect the safety and quality of seafood and aquatic products through water contamination, thus posing a potential threat to both human health and the ecosystem. When MCs exists in water, it can lead to contamination of aquatic plants and animals, which can affect other organisms in the food chain. Therefore, monitoring and controlling the level of MCs in water can ensure that seafood and aquatic products do not contain harmful substances, thereby safeguarding the health and safety of consumers. It also ensures that the quality of aquatic products meets hygiene standards and improves the market competitiveness of the products.

Scope and approach

This article reviews the application of different fluorescence nanomaterials in the assays of MCs. In addition, the mechanism of fluorescence determination in MCs is introduced, including photoinduced electron transfer (PET), fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET), and inner-filter effect (IFE). Finally, we discussed the level of development and limitations of existing fluorescent nanotechnologies and suggested future possibilities in the detection of MCs.

Key finds and conclusions

Fluorescence methods based on different nanomaterials can rapidly and accurately determine MCs in aqueous solution-related matrices, but the complexity of the environments relevant to the seafood and aquaculture chain limits the practical performance. The future development of multifunctional nanomaterials is needed to achieve a more stable and efficient portable method for the detection of MCs.

背景微囊藻毒素(MCs)是一种有毒物质,可能会通过水污染影响海产品和水产品的安全和质量,从而对人类健康和生态系统构成潜在威胁。当 MCs 存在于水中时,会导致水生动植物受到污染,从而影响食物链中的其他生物。因此,监测和控制水中的 MCs 含量可确保海鲜和水产品不含有害物质,从而保障消费者的健康和安全。本文综述了不同荧光纳米材料在 MCs 检测中的应用。此外,还介绍了 MCs 荧光测定的机理,包括光诱导电子转移(PET)、荧光共振能量转移(FRET)和内过滤器效应(IFE)。最后,我们讨论了现有荧光纳米技术的发展水平和局限性,并提出了未来检测 MCs 的可能性。主要发现和结论基于不同纳米材料的荧光方法可以快速准确地测定水溶液相关基质中的 MCs,但海产品和水产养殖链相关环境的复杂性限制了其实用性能。未来需要开发多功能纳米材料,以实现更稳定、更高效的便携式 MCs 检测方法。
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引用次数: 0
Formation mechanism and inhibition methods of frozen egg yolk gelation: A review 冷冻蛋黄凝胶化的形成机理和抑制方法:综述
IF 15.3 1区 农林科学 Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2024-04-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2024.104491
Jiajia Zhang, Yanqiu Ma

Background

Egg yolk is a nutrient-rich ingredient widely utilized in various food products including mayonnaise, salad dressings and cakes. Freezing could address the issue of microbial contamination and quality deterioration of liquid egg yolk during prolonged storage and transportation, which helps to preserve the nutrient content of the yolk and extend its shelf life. However, freezing could cause irreversible changes in the flowability and viscosity of egg yolk, resulting in a phenomenon known as gelation, making it difficult to mix egg yolk with other food ingredients and reducing its dispersibility and functionality.

Scope and approach

Based on the phenomenon of frozen egg yolk gelation, this paper focuses on the current research status regarding the gelation mechanism of each component in egg yolk, including the formation of ice crystals, protein denaturation and aggregation, and molecular interactions. Meanwhile, the principles underlying various methods used to inhibit gelation are discussed, encompassing physical, chemical, and enzymatic approaches.

Key findings and conclusions

These methods inhibit frozen egg yolk gelation by different mechanisms. Comprehending the research progress of gelation and its inhibition methods can offer valuable insights for future research and the application of frozen egg yolk in food production.

背景蛋黄是一种营养丰富的配料,广泛用于蛋黄酱、沙拉酱和蛋糕等各种食品中。冷冻可以解决液态蛋黄在长期储存和运输过程中受到微生物污染和质量下降的问题,有助于保存蛋黄的营养成分并延长其保质期。然而,冷冻会导致蛋黄的流动性和粘度发生不可逆的变化,从而产生凝胶化现象,使蛋黄难以与其他食品成分混合,并降低其分散性和功能性。范围和方法本文以冷冻蛋黄的凝胶化现象为基础,重点介绍了蛋黄中各成分的凝胶化机制研究现状,包括冰晶的形成、蛋白质变性和聚集以及分子相互作用。主要发现和结论这些方法通过不同的机制抑制冷冻蛋黄的凝胶化。了解凝胶化及其抑制方法的研究进展可为今后的研究和冷冻蛋黄在食品生产中的应用提供有价值的见解。
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引用次数: 0
Lab in a cell: A bioautomated and biointegrated whole-cell biosensing platform for food hazards analysis 细胞中的实验室用于食品危害分析的生物自动化和生物集成全细胞生物传感平台
IF 15.3 1区 农林科学 Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2024-04-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2024.104489
Liangshu Hu, Hongfei Su, Shijing Chen, Xiaolin Chen, Mingzhang Guo, Huilin Liu, Huijuan Yang, Baoguo Sun

Background

Traditional on-site food hazard detection is challenged by an ‘impossible triangle’ of accuracy, cheapness, and ease of use, further constrained by food matrix interference and complex sample preparation. Nonetheless, such detection and analysis are critical for the control and reduction of foodborne diseases, particularly in resource-limited areas. Fortunately, the recent advent of whole-cell biosensors (WCB) can provide novel solutions to improve on-site detection.

Scope and approach

This review presents the most recent advances in WCB application for the on-site detection of food hazards. It further proposes the concepts of bioautomation and biointegration as leading trends in this field to achieve simultaneously accurate, low-cost, and user-friendly detection. We illustrate that biosensors are capable of realizing sample pre-processing functions through genetic circuits. In particular, we discuss a synthetic biology-based approach to the construction of multifunctional gene modules in microorganisms for the development of a ‘Lab in a Cell’ to alleviate the reliance on traditional chemical reagents and manual manipulation. Finally, challenges and future developments for ‘Lab in a Cell’, such as its artificial intelligence (AI)-aided design, are discussed.

Key findings and conclusion

Bioautomated and biointegrated ‘Lab in a Cell’ devices are promising tools for the integration of target enrichment, transformation, and detection into a single cell, thus helping to overcome the challenges inherent in traditional field testing.

背景传统的现场食品危害检测面临着准确性、廉价性和易用性这 "不可能三角 "的挑战,并进一步受到食品基质干扰和复杂样品制备的制约。然而,这种检测和分析对于控制和减少食源性疾病至关重要,尤其是在资源有限的地区。幸运的是,最近出现的全细胞生物传感器(WCB)可以为改善现场检测提供新的解决方案。它进一步提出了生物自动化和生物集成的概念,作为该领域的主导趋势,以同时实现准确、低成本和用户友好的检测。我们说明,生物传感器能够通过基因电路实现样品预处理功能。我们特别讨论了一种基于合成生物学的方法,在微生物中构建多功能基因模块,开发 "细胞中的实验室",以减轻对传统化学试剂和人工操作的依赖。最后,还讨论了 "细胞中的实验室 "面临的挑战和未来发展,如人工智能辅助设计。 主要发现和结论生物自动化和生物集成的 "细胞中的实验室 "设备是将目标富集、转化和检测整合到单个细胞中的有前途的工具,从而有助于克服传统现场测试固有的挑战。
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引用次数: 0
Early warning technologies for mycotoxins in grains and oilseeds: A review 谷物和油籽中霉菌毒素的预警技术:综述
IF 15.3 1区 农林科学 Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2024-04-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2024.104479
Jiayun Fu , Xiaofeng Yue , Qi Zhang , Peiwu Li

Background

Grains and oilseeds are essential basic foods in human life. However, some of these products are susceptible to contamination by mycotoxins, posing significant threats to economic development and human health. Early warning technologies can help detect potential toxin contamination in agricultural products, enabling timely prevention and control measures to ensure their safety.

Scope and approach

This article provides a comprehensive review of early warning monitoring technologies for mycotoxins at various stages of fungal contamination. It includes monitoring the fungal bioburden (physicochemical approaches), fungal life activities, biomarkers related to mold toxicity production, toxin content, and risk warning systems. The working principles and applications of these technologies are summarized, and factors affecting their effectiveness and limitations are discussed.

Key findings and conclusions

This review thoroughly categorizes early warning technologies for mycotoxin contamination risk in grains and oilseeds, along with their corresponding detection indicators. The effectiveness of various detection methods in identifying toxin contamination risks early is evaluated, and the challenges and future research directions for each method are analyzed. To improve the timeliness of practical application of warning technologies, the development trend of early warning should focus on detecting risk indicators before toxin production.

背景谷物和油籽是人类生活中不可或缺的基本食物。然而,其中一些产品容易受到霉菌毒素的污染,对经济发展和人类健康构成重大威胁。预警技术有助于检测农产品中潜在的毒素污染,从而及时采取预防和控制措施,确保农产品安全。它包括监测真菌生物负载(物理化学方法)、真菌生命活动、与霉菌毒性产生有关的生物标志物、毒素含量和风险预警系统。本综述对谷物和油籽霉菌毒素污染风险预警技术及其相应的检测指标进行了全面分类。评估了各种检测方法在早期识别毒素污染风险方面的有效性,分析了每种方法面临的挑战和未来的研究方向。为了提高预警技术实际应用的时效性,预警的发展趋势应侧重于在毒素产生之前检测风险指标。
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引用次数: 0
Recent progresses on emerging biosensing technologies and portable analytical devices for detection of food allergens 用于检测食物过敏原的新兴生物传感技术和便携式分析设备的最新进展
IF 15.3 1区 农林科学 Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2024-04-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2024.104485
Danqing Zhu , Shiqian Fu , Xiru Zhang , Qianyu Zhao , Xinyan Yang , Chaoxin Man , Yujun Jiang , Ling Guo , Xianlong Zhang

Background

The increasing food allergic cases have posed a great challenge to the human health worldwide. Avoiding the exposure to food allergens is still the only efficient method to prevent food allergic reactions for food allergic sufferers because there are no effective treatments for food allergy up to now. Therefore, it is crucial to develop analytical technologies for rapid and on-site detection of food allergens, helping allergy-prone groups make proper option when buying or eating foods. Recently, various detection technologies and portable analytical devices have been widely developed for rapid, accurate, and on-site screening of food allergens.

Scope and approach

In this review, first of all, the traditional detection methods were simply introduced and discussed. Then, the latest advances on emerging biosensing technologies (i.e., colorimetric biosensing, fluorescent biosensing, electrochemical biosensing, surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) biosensing, surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensing, and dual-mode biosensing) and portable analytical devices (such as lateral flow assays (LFAs), microfluidic chips, and paper-based microfluidic devices) for the detection of food allergens were comprehensively summarized. Furthermore, the advantages and weaknesses of these analytical methods for food allergen detection were also compared and discussed. Most importantly, the remaining challenges and chances in this important field were also proposed.

Key findings and conclusions

Emerging biosensing technologies have shown a great potential in the on-site detection of food allergens. Impressively, the integration of biosensing technologies and portable detection devices (e.g., LFAs, microfluidic chips, and paper-based microfluidic devices) is one of the most promising methods for reliable and on-site detection of food allergens.

背景日益增多的食物过敏病例给全球人类健康带来了巨大挑战。对于食物过敏患者来说,避免接触食物过敏原仍然是预防食物过敏反应的唯一有效方法,因为到目前为止还没有治疗食物过敏的有效方法。因此,开发快速现场检测食物过敏原的分析技术,帮助易过敏人群在购买或食用食物时做出正确的选择至关重要。近来,各种检测技术和便携式分析设备已被广泛开发,用于快速、准确和现场筛查食物过敏原。然后,全面总结了用于检测食物过敏原的新兴生物传感技术(即比色生物传感、荧光生物传感、电化学生物传感、表面增强拉曼光谱(SERS)生物传感、表面等离子体共振(SPR)生物传感和双模生物传感)和便携式分析设备(如侧向流分析仪(LFA)、微流控芯片和纸质微流控设备)的最新进展。此外,还比较和讨论了这些食品过敏原检测分析方法的优缺点。主要发现和结论新兴的生物传感技术在现场检测食物过敏原方面显示出巨大的潜力。令人印象深刻的是,生物传感技术与便携式检测设备(如 LFA、微流控芯片和纸质微流控设备)的整合是现场可靠检测食物过敏原的最有前途的方法之一。
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引用次数: 0
Research progress of dual-mode sensing technology strategy based on SERS and its application in the detection of harmful substances in foods 基于 SERS 的双模传感技术策略的研究进展及其在食品中有害物质检测中的应用
IF 15.3 1区 农林科学 Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2024-04-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2024.104487
Linyuan Liu , Yu Wang , Zhaohui Xue , Bo Peng , Xiaohong Kou , Zhixian Gao

Background

Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) technology is a fast and highly sensitive optical detection technique for trace detection in food testing and has been developing rapidly. Meanwhile, the application of dual-mode detection technology in food safety is also maturing, where the combination of two sensing modes not only compensates for the shortcomings of a single sensing mode, but also significantly reduces the possibility of false positives and has a lower detection limit. Therefore, it is important to combine SERS with other detection techniques for rapid, accurate and portable detection in food safety.

Scope and methods

This paper describes the progress in the construction of SERS-based dual-mode biosensing technology in recent years and discusses the prospect of its application in the field of food safety. Firstly, it introduces the classification and working principle of SERS-based dual-mode sensing; then it systematically summarizes the latest progress of the application of SERS-based dual-mode sensing detection technology, such as the detection of pathogenic bacteria, biotoxins, drug residues, etc. Also, some of the material choices for constructing SERS dual-mode sensors are summarized. In addition, future opportunities and challenges are presented.

Key findings and conclusions

Emerging SERS-based dual-mode detection technologies show great potential for monitoring harmful substances in food. A part of SERS dual-mode sensor is very promising for rapid detection of food contaminants in the field. At the same time, some emerging materials can be used for SERS substrates. In addition, some technologies can provide a better platform for partial SERS dual-mode sensors to achieve food detection.

背景表面增强拉曼散射(SERS)技术是一种快速、高灵敏度的光学检测技术,可用于食品检测中的痕量检测,发展十分迅速。同时,双模式检测技术在食品安全领域的应用也日趋成熟,两种传感模式的结合不仅弥补了单一传感模式的不足,还大大降低了误报的可能性,并具有更低的检测限。因此,将 SERS 与其他检测技术相结合,对食品安全领域的快速、准确和便携检测具有重要意义。范围和方法 本文介绍了近年来基于 SERS 的双模式生物传感技术的构建进展,并探讨了其在食品安全领域的应用前景。首先介绍了基于 SERS 的双模传感的分类和工作原理;然后系统总结了基于 SERS 的双模传感检测技术的最新应用进展,如致病菌、生物毒素、药物残留等的检测。此外,还总结了构建 SERS 双模传感器的一些材料选择。主要发现和结论基于 SERS 的新兴双模检测技术在监测食品中的有害物质方面显示出巨大的潜力。部分 SERS 双模传感器在现场快速检测食品污染物方面大有可为。同时,一些新兴材料可用于 SERS 基底。此外,一些技术可以为部分 SERS 双模传感器实现食品检测提供更好的平台。
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引用次数: 0
Nanozyme-enabled microfluidic biosensors: A promising tool for on-site food safety analysis 纳米酶微流控生物传感器:现场食品安全分析的理想工具
IF 15.3 1区 农林科学 Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2024-04-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2024.104486
Xiru Zhang , Danqing Zhu , Xinyan Yang , Chaoxin Man , Yujun Jiang , Qianyu Zhao , Xianlong Zhang

Background

Food safety as a critical topic of international concern has obtained increasing attention worldwide. Thus, it is of great significance to develop sensitive, accurate, and rapid detection methods for food safety analysis. In recent years, emerging nanozymes have become a promising alternative to natural enzymes for the development of biosensors to achieve food safety analysis due to their simpler preparation processes, more robust activity, higher stability, higher recycling efficiency, and lower cost compared with that of natural enzymes. To achieve portable and on-site detection, nanozyme-based biosensors have been successfully integrated with advanced microfluidic devices (e.g., microfluidic chips) for the construction of nanozyme-enabled microfluidic biosensors to realize the rapid detection of food contaminants.

Scope and approach

In this review, we summarized the latest advances on nanozyme-enabled microfluidic biosensors and their applications in the field of food safety analysis. Firstly, a comprehensive summary and discussion on the catalytic mechanisms and roles of nanozymes for the construction of biosensors were conducted. Then, attention was focused on the nanozyme-enabled microfluidic biosensors and their applications in the field of food safety analysis, including the detection of foodborne pathogens, mycotoxins, heavy metal ions, and pesticide residues. Impressively, the remaining challenges and chances in this significant and promising field were proposed.

Key findings and conclusions

Emerging nanozymes have been successfully combined with microfluidic technology, opening a new avenue for rapid, sensitive, and on-site food safety analysis.

背景食品安全作为一个国际关注的重要话题,在全球范围内受到越来越多的关注。因此,开发灵敏、准确、快速的食品安全分析检测方法意义重大。近年来,新兴的纳米酶与天然酶相比,具有制备工艺简单、活性强、稳定性高、回收利用率高、成本低等优点,已成为替代天然酶开发生物传感器以实现食品安全分析的一种前景广阔的方法。为了实现便携式和现场检测,纳米酶生物传感器已成功地与先进的微流控装置(如微流控芯片)集成,构建了纳米酶微流控生物传感器,实现了食品污染物的快速检测。首先,全面总结和讨论了纳米酶在构建生物传感器中的催化机理和作用。然后,重点介绍了纳米酶驱动的微流控生物传感器及其在食品安全分析领域的应用,包括食源性病原体、霉菌毒素、重金属离子和农药残留的检测。主要发现和结论新兴纳米酶已成功与微流控技术相结合,为快速、灵敏和现场食品安全分析开辟了一条新途径。
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引用次数: 0
The environmental impact, ingredient composition, nutritional and health impact of meat alternatives: A systematic review 肉类替代品的环境影响、成分组成、营养和健康影响:系统综述。
IF 15.3 1区 农林科学 Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2024-04-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2024.104483
Leona Lindberg , Rachel Reid McCann , Beatrice Smyth , Jayne V. Woodside , Anne P. Nugent

Background

The promotion of dietary shifts towards reduced meat consumption and increased plant protein consumption, has resulted in increased availability and consumption of meat alternatives which are products made from non-meat proteins to replicate the organoleptic and functional properties of meat. However, a knowledge gap exists on the impact of the production and consumption of these products on the environment and human health.

Scope and approach

This systematic review aims to address this research gap by evaluating the literature on the ingredient composition, environmental, nutritional and health impact of meat alternatives compared to meat. Five databases, reference lists and web alerts were searched to identify articles published from 2011 to 2023. 54 articles were included in this systematic review.

Key findings and conclusions

Meat alternatives have a lower environmental impact than beef and pork and similar impact to chicken. Compared to meat, meat alternatives contain more ingredients, allergens and food additives. Overall, meat alternatives had lower contents of total and saturated fat, zinc and vitamin B12, and higher contents of carbohydrates, sugars, dietary fibre, salt/sodium, iron and calcium than comparable meat products. Protein contents were comparable or lower for meat alternatives depending on the category. A limited number of single test meal studies and short-term trials investigated the impact of meat alternative consumption on health outcomes, with no adverse effects observed. Further research examining the impact of meat alternative consumption on health outcomes is needed to better understand the role of these foods (if any) in healthy and sustainable dietary patterns.

背景提倡饮食结构向减少肉类消费和增加植物蛋白消费的方向转变,这导致肉类替代品的供应和消费增加,肉类替代品是用非肉类蛋白质制成的产品,可复制肉类的感官和功能特性。本系统综述旨在通过评估有关肉类替代品与肉类相比在成分组成、环境、营养和健康影响方面的文献,填补这一研究空白。我们检索了五个数据库、参考文献目录和网络提示,以确定 2011 年至 2023 年间发表的文章。主要发现和结论肉类替代品对环境的影响低于牛肉和猪肉,与鸡肉相似。与肉类相比,肉类替代品含有更多的配料、过敏原和食品添加剂。总体而言,与同类肉类产品相比,肉类替代品的总脂肪和饱和脂肪、锌和维生素 B12 含量较低,碳水化合物、糖、膳食纤维、盐/钠、铁和钙含量较高。不同类别的肉类替代品的蛋白质含量相当或较低。数量有限的单餐测试研究和短期试验调查了食用肉类替代品对健康结果的影响,没有发现不良影响。需要进一步研究肉类替代品消费对健康结果的影响,以更好地了解这些食品(如果有的话)在健康和可持续膳食模式中的作用。
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Trends in Food Science & Technology
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