Turkish Archives of Otorhinolaryngology最新文献

Objective: It is not known exactly what causes recurrence in benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) patients. We aimed to investigate the relationship between the number of maneuvers and serum vitamin D and calcium levels in BPPV cases treated with appropriate maneuvers after correct diagnosis.

Methods: A total of 86 BPPV patients, 68 (79.9%) female and 18 (20.1%) male were included in the study. Of these, 16.3% (n=14) were aged under 45 years, 29.1% (n=25) between 45-60 years, and 54.7% (n=47) over 60 years. All were evaluated with videonystagmography. Patients who underwent maneuvers for BPPV treatment were examined. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D and calcium levels were measured.

Results: Repeated maneuvers were performed in 43% of the patients (n=37). Serum calcium measurements did not differ significantly between the groups. Serum vitamin D levels were not significantly different between the groups in terms of sex (p=0.387) and age (p=0.323). However, vitamin D levels were significantly lower in the group that resisted the maneuvers than in the group that did not resist [resistance: 22.9, interquartile range (IQR): 12.9-27.0; non-resistance: 28.6, IQR: 18-35, p=0.009].

Conclusion: Vitamin D measurements were observed to be significantly lower in patients requiring repeat maneuvers for BPPV treatment. We recommend that vitamin D levels be evaluated in resistant cases.

Pseudomeningocele is a of cerebrospinal fluid filled, extracranial cystic collection resulting from a dural defect, which may occur congenitally, postoperatively, or after trauma. Post-traumatic pseudomeningocele is rare, particularly in the temporal bone region. We report a 37-year-old woman who presented with progressive hearing loss and intermittent otorrhea, two decades after head trauma. Otoscopy revealed a pulsatile cystic lesion in the right external auditory canal. Imaging showed a ~20 mm tegmen tympani defect with herniation into the tympanomastoid area. Surgical repair involved transmastoid excision of the sac and multilayer reconstruction of the tegmen defect with mastoid obliteration. This case emphasizes the need to consider skull base defects in patients with a history of head trauma and persistent otologic symptoms.

Objective: The timing of facial nerve (FN) decompression (FND) for Bell's palsy is controversial. Intraneural fibrosis is one of the factors affecting post-traumatic nerve regeneration. This study aimed to investigate the effects of decompression timing and antifibrotic agent topical mitomycin-C (MMC) on nerve regeneration in rats in which a Bell's palsy model was created.

Methods: Bell's paralysis model was created by ligating the subjects' FN trunk. A total of 25 subjects were divided into five groups of five each. Group 1 was not decompressed. The FN was decompressed after one week in Groups 2,3 and after three weeks in Groups 4,5. Topical MMC was applied after decompression on the nerves of the rats in Groups 3,5. Clinical, electrophysiological and histopathological evaluations were performed at three weeks after compression in Group 1 and after decompression in the other groups.

Results: The median total clinical score in Group 1 was statistically significantly lower than the other groups (p=0.001). There were no statistically significant differences between Groups 2-5 (p>0.05). The mean left (operated)/right (undamaged) amplitude values of the subjects in Group 1 were statistically lower (p=0.006), while no statistically significant differences were found among Group 2-5 (p>0.05). It was observed that while axonal degeneration, macrovacuolization and myelin morphology disruption was more severe in subjects in Group 1 (adjusted p<0.05), there were no statistically significant differences between Group 2-5 (p>0.05).

Conclusion: FND can be effective in patients with total paralysis, even when performed in the late stages after allowing a period of recovery. Also, topical MMC applications aiming to reduce intraneural fibrosis have no effect on nerve regeneration.

Objective: Chat Generative Pre-Trained Transformer (ChatGPT) is an artificial intelligence model that can generate human-like text dialogs to inputs. There are no ChatGPT studies in the literature only on salivary gland diseases. This study evaluates the accuracy and reliability of ChatGPT's answers to questions in salivary gland diseases, focusing on its potential use in training otolaryngology professionals.

Methods: Sixty-one questions, categorized as "basic knowledge," and "salivary gland tumors" were posed twice using ChatGPT-4. Answers were categorized as 1 (completely correct and comprehensive), 2 (partially correct), 3 (misleading information containing correct and incorrect statements), or 4 (completely incorrect). The accuracy of the answers was evaluated by two ear, nose and throat specialists. Inconsistencies in the rating were resolved by a third reviewer. Reproducibility was assessed by the agreement between the first and second answers.

Results: Fifteen (24.6%) of the questions were about basic knowledge, while 46 (75.4%) were about salivary gland tumors. ChatGPT gave "completely correct and comprehensive" answers to 54 (88.5%) questions and "partially correct" answers to seven (11.5%) questions. "Misleading information containing correct and incorrect statements" and "completely incorrect" answers were not received. The reproducibility rate of first and second answers was 97%.

Conclusion: ChatGPT provided highly accurate and reproducible answers to questions about salivary gland diseases. ChatGPT is thought to be an important source of information for otolaryngology professionals. Although the results of our study show that ChatGPT is highly successful, more studies are needed in this field.

Objective: Google Trends provides data on searches made on Google from a specific region in a specific period. The aim of this study is to determine the focus of interest in otorhinolaryngology in Türkiye between 2004-2024 using this method.

Methods: Otorhinolaryngology was studied in five subbranches; namely, otology, rhinology, laryngology, head and neck surgery, and facial plastics. The 70 most searched terms in the last 20 years related to these subbranches were determined. The change in the search rates of the terms belonging to each subbranch and the change in the search percentages of the subbranches compared to the total number were determined and evaluated over the years.

Results: In all terms examined, significant increases were observed in general since 2004. However, decrease was observed in all terms, except a few, in 2020-2021, i.e., during the pandemic. In the comparison between subbranches, in the last few years, the lowest search rate was seen in laryngology with 16.86%, and the highest search rate was seen in otology with 24.06%.

Conclusion: Knowing the topics where interest is clustered can be used to guide future medical practices and scientific research.

Tracheobronchial foreign body aspiration is rare among patients who have undergone total laryngectomy. In this report, we describe a case involving a 75-year-old laryngectomized male patient who aspirated a tracheostomy tube cleaning brush. The brush was successfully removed without any complications in an office setting with the assistance of flexible and 70-degree rigid endoscopes, as well as forceps.

Objective: To identify the publication rates and determinants of otorhinolaryngology/ear, nose and throat (ENT) residency theses completed in Türkiye between 2016 and 2020.

Methods: A retrospective review was conducted on 460 ENT theses listed in the National Thesis Center database of the Council of Higher Education. Publication statuses were determined through searches in PubMed, Web of Science, TRDizin and Google Scholar on May 10, 2025, using thesis titles, author names, and keywords. Variables including subspecialty, study design, completion year, institution type, city, and journal indexation were recorded.

Results: Among 460 theses, 43.5% were published, with an average time to publication of 3.2±1.7 years. Institution type and city did not significantly affect publication rates (p=0.566, p=0.088). Pediatric ENT (63.6%) and head and neck surgery (57.7%) showed significantly higher publication rates (p=0.019). Cadaveric (66.7%), animal (50%), and prospective (43.5%) studies had higher publication rates than average, but without statistical significance (p=0.292). Most published theses (72%) appeared in international journals and 134 were indexed in the Science Citation Index Expanded.

Conclusion: This study showed that 43.5% of ENT residency theses in Türkiye were published, with an average publication time of 3.2 years. No significant institutional differences were observed. Higher publication rates were noted in pediatric and head and neck surgery theses. Supporting residents in disseminating their research remains essential for fostering academic development.

Objective: Nasal mucociliary clearance is the first barrier defense mechanism that protects the respiratory system. This study aimed to assess nasal mucociliary clearance time (NMCT) using saccharine test in patients with symptomatic and asymptomatic deviated nasal septum (DNS).

Methods: This was a prospective study conducted in a tertiary center from February 2022 to July 2023. A total of 40 patients, including 20 symptomatic and 20 asymptomatic patients with DNS, were included. The Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation scale was used to assess the severity of nasal obstruction in patients with symptomatic DNS. NMCT was measured by saccharine test in both the symptomatic and asymptomatic DNS patients. NMCT between these two groups was compared.

Results: There were 27 males and 13 females with a mean age of 28.53±7.86 years. Overall median NMCT was 7 minutes 30 seconds, with a similar duration (7 minutes 30 seconds) in patients with symptomatic DNS and 7 minutes and 15 seconds in asymptomatic patients. The difference in NMCT between the symptomatic and asymptomatic groups was not statistically significant. Similarly, it did not differ based on age, gender, or severity of the nasal obstruction.

Conclusion: Although NMCT was longer in patients with symptomatic DNS compared to those with asymptomatic DNS, no statistical difference was found. Additionally, NMCT remained within normal physiological limits in both. We thus conclude that NMCT remains unaffected regardless of whether the DNS patient is symptomatic or asymptomatic.