Turkish Archives of Otorhinolaryngology最新文献

Sialolithiasis is the primary cause of swelling in the major salivary glands. The etiopathogenesis is not clear. Adenoid cystic carcinoma is a slow-growing salivary gland malignancy with a poor prognosis. There are only a few cases in the literature reporting the coexistence of sialolithiasis and adenoid cystic carcinoma. In this report, we present a case that was thought to have sialolithiasis in the foreground because of the calcified image on computed tomography, but was diagnosed with adenoid cystic carcinoma after excision, together with a discussion of the relationship between sialolithiasis and carcinogenesis.

Objective: The study was designed to evaluate the effectiveness of the asymmetric dorsal preservation technique for correcting I-shaped crooked nose deformity (CND).

Methods: Patients with I-shaped CND who underwent asymmetric dorsal preservation in the period from September 2020 to September 2021 were included in this retrospective study. The Rhinomanometry and Standardized Cosmesis and Health Nasal Outcomes Survey (SCHNOS) was used to assess the outcomes. Deviation angle (DA) measurements were used to evaluate the degree of crookedness. The results were recorded both preoperatively and 12 months postoperatively.

Results: Twenty-three patients were included in the study. Total nasal airflow and long-side nasal airflow were significantly higher 12 months postoperatively (p=0.001 each). Total nasal resistance, long-side nasal resistance, SCHNOS scores and DA measurements were significantly lower 12 months postoperatively (p<0.001 each).

Conclusion: Asymmetric dorsal preservation is a successful alternative technique for correcting I-shaped CND and achieving optimal aesthetic and functional outcomes.

Objective: To evaluate bilateral superior and recurrent laryngeal nerves for tumor spread in patients of advanced-stage laryngeal carcinoma undergoing surgical resection.

Methods: A prospective study was conducted including biopsy-proven cases of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) that were planned for total laryngectomy. Patients with metachronous or synchronous SCC were excluded from the study. All patients underwent total laryngectomy, where both superior and recurrent laryngeal nerves were harvested along with the specimen, and the proximal ends of the nerves were marked for reference. Perineural invasion (PNI) was assessed in nerves within the tumor and in bilateral extra-laryngeal nerves.

Results: The study included 22 patients with a mean age of 58 years. Intra-tumoral PNI was found in 7 of the 22 cases (32%). The free nerve margins of superior and recurrent laryngeal nerves, which were examined from proximal to distal orientation, showed no tumor infiltration in any of the cases.

Conclusion: Perineural invasion of minor nerves constitutes a major pathway of spread. On the contrary, invasion of superior or recurrent laryngeal nerves does not constitute a route for tumor spread. Hence, there is no need to extend the surgical boundary for total laryngectomy to include these major nerves separately.

Frontal sinus keratoma or cholesteatoma is a rare disease of paranasal sinuses and presents as a slow-growing mass that becomes symptomatic as it grows to the surrounding structures. Intracranial complications are not a common presentation and are potentially life-threatening. Frequently the final diagnosis is only made intraoperatively because several other frontal sinus tumors behave likewise. Definitive treatment requires complete removal of the keratoma, and a combined endoscopic and external frontal sinus approach is a good treatment option. In this report, we presented a 68-year-old female with frontal sinus cholesteatoma with diagnostic and therapeutic features of this pathology with the review of the literature.

Objective: Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is a cell membrane protein expressed by prostate tissues. It is not prostate specific and is also expressed by some non-prostatic solid neoplasms. Our study aimed to investigate the potential role of PSMA in salivary gland tumors.

Methods: The present study was designed to retrospectively analyze our cases that presented with salivary gland tumors. The files of 105 patients were reviewed and their paraffin embedded blocks were retrieved from the pathology department. Immunohistochemical examination and staining were done using PSMA antibody. Tumor tissue PSMA immunohistochemical staining was scored semi-quantitatively with the modified quartile approach. Negative staining was scored 0, >0% and ≤25% tissue expression was considered weak (score 1), >25% and ≤50% tissue expression was considered mild (score 2), >50% and ≤75% tissue expression was considered moderate (score 3), and >75% tissue expression was considered strong (score 4).

Results: Eighty-eight patients (55 males, 33 females) were included in the study. Forty-eight patients had pleomorphic adenoma (PA), 35 had Warthin's tumor (WT), two had mucoepidermoid carcinoma, two had adenoid cystic carcinoma, and one had squamous cell carcinoma. There was statistically significant difference in terms of PSMA expression between PA and WT (p=0.003). PSMA expression was high in PA and absent in WT.

Conclusion: PSMA is a potential source of inspiration for future studies on the development of novel diagnostic and theranostic investigations of salivary gland tumors. Prospective studies targeting intratumoral PSMA in salivary gland tumors should be planned.

Objective: Transection or ablation of the posterior nasal nerve (TRPN) has been described as an adjunctive tool to reduce the symptoms of intractable allergic rhinitis (AR). The procedure, however, requires surgical skill and carries the risk of bleeding from the sphenopalatine artery. The aim of the present study is to describe radiofrequency ablation of the peripheral branches of the posterior nasal nerves within the inferior turbinates (RAPN) as an effective easier alternative to TRPN.

Methods: The procedure was performed on 24 patients with intractable AR. Nasal reactivity was tested by cold dry air (CDA) provocation before and 12 months after the radiofrequency procedure. Visual analog scale and acoustic rhinometry were used to measure the changes in nasal reactivity subjectively and objectively.

Results: Worsening of nasal symptoms following CDA provocation had significantly decreased after the RAPN procedure. Likewise, postoperative decrease in nasal volumes and minimal cross-sectional areas after CDA provocation were significantly less than the corresponding preoperative values.

Conclusion: RAPN effectively reduces nasal reactivity in patients with AR. The procedure is simple, minimally invasive, and can be performed under local or general anesthesia.

Objective: To investigate the effects of dizziness on sleep quality and psychological status in patients with benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) and to evaluate its relationship with falls.

Methods: A Demographic Data Form, a Visual Vertigo Analog Scale, the Falls Efficacy Scale - International (FES-I), the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) were administered in 102 individuals diagnosed with BPPV by videonystagmography test. The same scales were applied to 75 healthy volunteers as the control group, and the two groups were compared. The BPPV group was divided into two groups as posterior canal and lateral canal BPPV. These two groups were compared among themselves and with the control group.

Results: A statistically significant difference was found between the BPPV and control groups, the lateral canal BPPV and posterior canal BPPV groups, the lateral canal BPPV and control groups, and the posterior canal BPPV and control groups in terms of total scores of the PSQI, the FES-I, and the HADS (p<0.001). In the regression model, the FES-I score was fully explained by the PSQI and HADS scores (p<0.001).

Conclusion: BPPV significantly affects sleep quality, psychological state, and the risk of fall. The negative effects of BPPV restrict daily living activities, affect the prognosis of the disease, and increase the risk of falling. Considering that psychiatric issues and sleep problems increase the risk of falling in individuals with BPPV, counseling services on this issue would reduce the incidence of falls and related injuries.

There are lots of diseases causing pediatric upper airway obstruction and stridor. They can be both congenital or acquired. While congenital causes are laryngomalacia, vocal cord palsy, congenital subglottic stenosis, acquired ones range from infections to foreign bodies or neoplasms. Laryngeal neoplasms develop almost epithelial in origin. Non-epithelial tumors consist 1% of laryngeal neoplasms. Although lipoma is the most common soft tissue tumor, laryngeal involvement is very rare and seen in the ages between 40-60 years. A 13-month-old child who had laryngeal lipoma and upper airway obstruction was aimed to present in this paper.

The elderly population is increasing globally. In Turkey, the population aged 65+ is predicted to grow to more than 15% of the whole population by 2050. Just like the rest of the body, the voice also changes with age. Voice changes throughout life have been reported in up to 52.4% of aged individuals and may have a negative impact on their quality of life. Voice is affected by various factors, including age, disease, hormones, medications, and physiological, psychological, and social conditions. A multidisciplinary approach is therefore needed to achieve the best voice outcomes. In this review, we summarize the mechanisms involved in voice changes in the elderly together with the applicable diagnostic and treatment methods.