Pub Date : 2022-06-20DOI: 10.18778/1508-2008.25.15
Edyta Dworak
The growing importance of innovation in the modern economy has revived the interest of economic sciences in studies on the mechanisms that govern innovation and its impact on economic development. This growth of interest induced the concept of the national system of innovation (NSI), which occupies an important place in the innovation policy of all developed market economies. The economic literature distinguishes various typologies of innovation systems. The aim of the article is to assess the effectiveness of the system of European integration, the socio‑democratic system, and the mutated system, measured by the level of innovation of the economies that belong to these systems, in 2014 and 2019. The article analyzes the literature on the subject of innovation systems. The method of linear ordering, which makes it possible to build a synthetic measure calculated using the Hellwig method, is used to assess the effectiveness of innovation systems. The article formulates a research hypothesis that the most effective innovation systems are the socio‑democratic system and the system of European integration. This hypothesis has been positively verified.
{"title":"Assessing the Effectiveness of Selected European Innovation Systems","authors":"Edyta Dworak","doi":"10.18778/1508-2008.25.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18778/1508-2008.25.15","url":null,"abstract":"The growing importance of innovation in the modern economy has revived the interest of economic sciences in studies on the mechanisms that govern innovation and its impact on economic development. This growth of interest induced the concept of the national system of innovation (NSI), which occupies an important place in the innovation policy of all developed market economies. The economic literature distinguishes various typologies of innovation systems. The aim of the article is to assess the effectiveness of the system of European integration, the socio‑democratic system, and the mutated system, measured by the level of innovation of the economies that belong to these systems, in 2014 and 2019. The article analyzes the literature on the subject of innovation systems. The method of linear ordering, which makes it possible to build a synthetic measure calculated using the Hellwig method, is used to assess the effectiveness of innovation systems. The article formulates a research hypothesis that the most effective innovation systems are the socio‑democratic system and the system of European integration. This hypothesis has been positively verified.","PeriodicalId":44249,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Economic Research-Central and Eastern Europe","volume":"158 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86674923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-20DOI: 10.18778/1508-2008.25.13
J. Witkowska
The paper aims to characterize and evaluate the immigration policy of the European Union in the context of the challenges posed by regular and irregular migration processes on a global and regional scale. The EU policy is in line with the United Nations (UN) initiatives aimed at international cooperation in solving migration problems. The provisions of the treaties share powers in EU immigration policy between its institutions and member states. The harmonization of activities in this area is carried out through the implementation of directives adopted at various times and related to limited areas of immigration policy, hence its fragmented nature. The 2015 migration crisis posed new challenges to the EU’s immigration policy and revealed conflicts of interest between individual member states. Nevertheless, the EU is taking steps to build a comprehensive approach to migration, asylum, integration, and border management (The New Pact on Migration and Asylum). The diverse position in terms of the balance of migration flows of the EU as a whole (a net importer of labor) and individual member states (e.g., Poland – a net exporter of labor and recipient of circular migration) affects the approach to migration issues and the acceptance of the proposed solutions in the area of migration policy.
{"title":"The Immigration Policy of the European Union: Challenges and Prospects. Conclusions for Poland","authors":"J. Witkowska","doi":"10.18778/1508-2008.25.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18778/1508-2008.25.13","url":null,"abstract":"The paper aims to characterize and evaluate the immigration policy of the European Union in the context of the challenges posed by regular and irregular migration processes on a global and regional scale. The EU policy is in line with the United Nations (UN) initiatives aimed at international cooperation in solving migration problems. The provisions of the treaties share powers in EU immigration policy between its institutions and member states. The harmonization of activities in this area is carried out through the implementation of directives adopted at various times and related to limited areas of immigration policy, hence its fragmented nature. The 2015 migration crisis posed new challenges to the EU’s immigration policy and revealed conflicts of interest between individual member states. Nevertheless, the EU is taking steps to build a comprehensive approach to migration, asylum, integration, and border management (The New Pact on Migration and Asylum). The diverse position in terms of the balance of migration flows of the EU as a whole (a net importer of labor) and individual member states (e.g., Poland – a net exporter of labor and recipient of circular migration) affects the approach to migration issues and the acceptance of the proposed solutions in the area of migration policy.","PeriodicalId":44249,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Economic Research-Central and Eastern Europe","volume":"97 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79032859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-20DOI: 10.18778/1508-2008.25.17
V. Venger, N. Romanovska, M. Chyzhevska
The article considers the theoretical and methodological approaches to global value chains when measuring international trade. Global trends in the modern development of international trade are analysed, and the main challenges of international trade policy for Ukraine are characterised. It is established that the modern structure of the Ukrainian economy was formed under the influence of external factors. The authors propose that, over time, the influence of the global economy on the dynamics and structure of the Ukrainian economy will continually intensify. The prospects of Ukraine’s integration into global value chains are examined, and the authors found that the structure of Ukrainian exports of goods coincides with the structure of world exports only partially. Ukrainian export of goods is characterised by a low share of highly processed industrial products and a high share of low value‑added products, in particular, basic metals and agriculture and food industry products. The export of domestic high‑tech goods is constantly decreasing compared to developed countries, and its share in the world export of high‑tech goods is insignificant. To ensure the acceleration of GDP growth in Ukraine, it is important not only to increase exports, but also to increase the export of high‑tech goods.
{"title":"Integration of Ukraine to the Global Value Chains","authors":"V. Venger, N. Romanovska, M. Chyzhevska","doi":"10.18778/1508-2008.25.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18778/1508-2008.25.17","url":null,"abstract":"The article considers the theoretical and methodological approaches to global value chains when measuring international trade. Global trends in the modern development of international trade are analysed, and the main challenges of international trade policy for Ukraine are characterised. It is established that the modern structure of the Ukrainian economy was formed under the influence of external factors. The authors propose that, over time, the influence of the global economy on the dynamics and structure of the Ukrainian economy will continually intensify. The prospects of Ukraine’s integration into global value chains are examined, and the authors found that the structure of Ukrainian exports of goods coincides with the structure of world exports only partially. Ukrainian export of goods is characterised by a low share of highly processed industrial products and a high share of low value‑added products, in particular, basic metals and agriculture and food industry products. The export of domestic high‑tech goods is constantly decreasing compared to developed countries, and its share in the world export of high‑tech goods is insignificant. To ensure the acceleration of GDP growth in Ukraine, it is important not only to increase exports, but also to increase the export of high‑tech goods.","PeriodicalId":44249,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Economic Research-Central and Eastern Europe","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78513161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-22DOI: 10.18778/1508-2008.25.07
N. Stukalo, A. Simakhova, Jurijs Baltgailis
Since the outbreak of the COVID–19 pandemic, there have been 1 billion identified cases and more than 2 million deaths around the world. The current global problem of the pandemic, with the introduction of unpopular measures such as border closures and total quarantine, revealed a dilemma between economic growth and maintaining human health and intensifying traditional global problems such as hunger, poverty, and social inequality to new levels. Even countries with social economic models were confronted with the negative effects of the pandemic. The aim of the article is to examine the developmentof social economy model factors (Liberal, Continental, Scandinavian, Mediterranean, and Transitive) during a pandemic. The objects of study arecountries thatare centers of social economy models (Belarus, Slovakia, Ireland, Sweden, and Poland). The research method is factor modeling of global and national (local) social factors thathaddifferent consequences of the pandemic in the countries. Countries with different social economy models can use the results and recommendations to develop social policy to counter the pandemic.
{"title":"The COVID–19 Pandemic’s Impact on the Social Economy in European Countries","authors":"N. Stukalo, A. Simakhova, Jurijs Baltgailis","doi":"10.18778/1508-2008.25.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18778/1508-2008.25.07","url":null,"abstract":"Since the outbreak of the COVID–19 pandemic, there have been 1 billion identified cases and more than 2 million deaths around the world. The current global problem of the pandemic, with the introduction of unpopular measures such as border closures and total quarantine, revealed a dilemma between economic growth and maintaining human health and intensifying traditional global problems such as hunger, poverty, and social inequality to new levels. Even countries with social economic models were confronted with the negative effects of the pandemic. The aim of the article is to examine the developmentof social economy model factors (Liberal, Continental, Scandinavian, Mediterranean, and Transitive) during a pandemic. The objects of study arecountries thatare centers of social economy models (Belarus, Slovakia, Ireland, Sweden, and Poland). The research method is factor modeling of global and national (local) social factors thathaddifferent consequences of the pandemic in the countries. Countries with different social economy models can use the results and recommendations to develop social policy to counter the pandemic.","PeriodicalId":44249,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Economic Research-Central and Eastern Europe","volume":"87 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84099116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-22DOI: 10.18778/1508-2008.25.08
J. Górniak
The logistics industry today is well developed. The efficient movement of goods, people, and information is a crucial link in each supply chain and the entire logistics system. For systems to function effectively, they must be properly assessed, compared, and analyzed. Therefore, there are many different indicators, both simple and complex. The purpose of this article is to review these indicators and conduct a comparative analysis for a selected indicator, the LPI (Logistics Performance Index), which measures logistics performance. The subjects of the study are European Union countries. Multivariate comparative analysis was used for the study.
{"title":"Selected Logistics Development Level Indicators – a Review and Comparative Analysis in European Union Countries","authors":"J. Górniak","doi":"10.18778/1508-2008.25.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18778/1508-2008.25.08","url":null,"abstract":"The logistics industry today is well developed. The efficient movement of goods, people, and information is a crucial link in each supply chain and the entire logistics system. For systems to function effectively, they must be properly assessed, compared, and analyzed. Therefore, there are many different indicators, both simple and complex. The purpose of this article is to review these indicators and conduct a comparative analysis for a selected indicator, the LPI (Logistics Performance Index), which measures logistics performance. The subjects of the study are European Union countries. Multivariate comparative analysis was used for the study.","PeriodicalId":44249,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Economic Research-Central and Eastern Europe","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81919154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-22DOI: 10.18778/1508-2008.25.05
Radosław Dziuba, M. Jabłońska, K. Ławińska, Z. Wysokińska
The article aims to review the changes that have taken place in the European and global TCLF (Textiles‑Clothing‑Leather‑Footwear) sector over the last decade from the perspective of new requirements of pursuing a circular and, especially in recent years, a digital economy. The paper describes the changes in the components of this industry (formerly called the light industry) in the European Union and the world economy in the context of sustainable development requirements and the effects of climate change. Recent European and global programs mainly aim to achieve the circular economy’s strict requirements, including reducing pressure on natural resources, to achieve climate neutrality by the end of 2050. This positive change for our planet is also supported by the pursuit of the development of the digital economy.
{"title":"Overview of EU and Global Conditions for the Transformation of the TCLF Industry on the Way to a Circular and Digital Economy (Case Studies from Poland)","authors":"Radosław Dziuba, M. Jabłońska, K. Ławińska, Z. Wysokińska","doi":"10.18778/1508-2008.25.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18778/1508-2008.25.05","url":null,"abstract":"The article aims to review the changes that have taken place in the European and global TCLF (Textiles‑Clothing‑Leather‑Footwear) sector over the last decade from the perspective of new requirements of pursuing a circular and, especially in recent years, a digital economy. The paper describes the changes in the components of this industry (formerly called the light industry) in the European Union and the world economy in the context of sustainable development requirements and the effects of climate change. Recent European and global programs mainly aim to achieve the circular economy’s strict requirements, including reducing pressure on natural resources, to achieve climate neutrality by the end of 2050. This positive change for our planet is also supported by the pursuit of the development of the digital economy.","PeriodicalId":44249,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Economic Research-Central and Eastern Europe","volume":"58 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78274602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-22DOI: 10.18778/1508-2008.25.09
B. Glinkowska-Krauze, V. Chebotarov, Iegor Chebotarov
Considering the evolution of the scientific knowledge on the topic the authors define “national business cultures” as a complex interdisciplinary basic phenomenon of modern comparative studies and international entrepreneurship. Using the accepted in the world comparative studies methodology – indicative parameters of national business cultures and considering the authors’ corresponding empirical developments a systematic comparative analysis of the national business cultures of the founding countries of the new cooperation platform in Central and Eastern Europe – the “Lublin Triangle” (Poland, Lithuania, Ukraine) – is carried out. The close similarity and wide complementarity of the national business cultures of these countries are revealed. This is largely predetermined not only by their common, centuries‑old history, but also by a number of other institutional and economic factors, as well as natural conditions. The priority sectors and spheres of integration of the three countries are determined both at the interstate level and at the level of the interaction of their business structures. Implementing this approach will ensure an increase in the competitive positions of Poland, Lithuania, and Ukraine and, as a result, the Lublin Triangle as a whole, in the system of the modern international division of labor. Based on the similarity and complementarity of the national business cultures, a group of other countries of Central and Eastern Europe (Latvia, Estonia, Slovakia, Romania, and Bulgaria) was selected. Under certain conditions, they could also become members of the Lublin Triangle, which would further strengthen and develop the European Union.
{"title":"National Business Cultures as a System‑forming Factor of the “Lublin Triangle”","authors":"B. Glinkowska-Krauze, V. Chebotarov, Iegor Chebotarov","doi":"10.18778/1508-2008.25.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18778/1508-2008.25.09","url":null,"abstract":"Considering the evolution of the scientific knowledge on the topic the authors define “national business cultures” as a complex interdisciplinary basic phenomenon of modern comparative studies and international entrepreneurship. Using the accepted in the world comparative studies methodology – indicative parameters of national business cultures and considering the authors’ corresponding empirical developments a systematic comparative analysis of the national business cultures of the founding countries of the new cooperation platform in Central and Eastern Europe – the “Lublin Triangle” (Poland, Lithuania, Ukraine) – is carried out. The close similarity and wide complementarity of the national business cultures of these countries are revealed. This is largely predetermined not only by their common, centuries‑old history, but also by a number of other institutional and economic factors, as well as natural conditions. The priority sectors and spheres of integration of the three countries are determined both at the interstate level and at the level of the interaction of their business structures. Implementing this approach will ensure an increase in the competitive positions of Poland, Lithuania, and Ukraine and, as a result, the Lublin Triangle as a whole, in the system of the modern international division of labor. Based on the similarity and complementarity of the national business cultures, a group of other countries of Central and Eastern Europe (Latvia, Estonia, Slovakia, Romania, and Bulgaria) was selected. Under certain conditions, they could also become members of the Lublin Triangle, which would further strengthen and develop the European Union.","PeriodicalId":44249,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Economic Research-Central and Eastern Europe","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73485299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-22DOI: 10.18778/1508-2008.25.04
O. Popelo, S. Tulchynska, A. Revko, M. Butko, M. Derhaliuk
The article offers aqualimetric assessment of the innovation in regional economic systems, taking into account digitization. The study was based on the methodology of general scientific methods of cognition and special methods of scientific research in the field of the development of productive forces and regional economy. Namely, we used the dialectical method of scientific cognition to identify contradictions and interrelations of innovative development of the subjects of regional economic systems; analysis and synthesis to identify the mechanism for identifying and implementing priority areas of innovation in the regions; the grouping method for clustering regions according to the calculated values of the integrated index of innovation of the regions of Ukraine and Poland; statistical and economic‑mathematical modeling for calculations and modeling of innovation of regions, and other methods.The calculations and analysis of the values of integrated indices of innovation activity in the regions of Ukraine and Poland are performed. These regions are grouped according to this indicator. The cartographic analysis is presented, and the region leaders, region outsiders, and regions with the average value of the integrated index of innovation are singled out. This study has theoretical and applied significance for the development of productive forces and regional economy as it provides for the development of a methodological approach to assessing the innovation activity of the regions of Ukraine and Poland, taking into account digitalization processes.
{"title":"Methodological Approaches to the Evaluation of Innovation in Polish and Ukrainian Regions, Taking into Account Digitalization","authors":"O. Popelo, S. Tulchynska, A. Revko, M. Butko, M. Derhaliuk","doi":"10.18778/1508-2008.25.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18778/1508-2008.25.04","url":null,"abstract":"The article offers aqualimetric assessment of the innovation in regional economic systems, taking into account digitization. The study was based on the methodology of general scientific methods of cognition and special methods of scientific research in the field of the development of productive forces and regional economy. Namely, we used the dialectical method of scientific cognition to identify contradictions and interrelations of innovative development of the subjects of regional economic systems; analysis and synthesis to identify the mechanism for identifying and implementing priority areas of innovation in the regions; the grouping method for clustering regions according to the calculated values of the integrated index of innovation of the regions of Ukraine and Poland; statistical and economic‑mathematical modeling for calculations and modeling of innovation of regions, and other methods.The calculations and analysis of the values of integrated indices of innovation activity in the regions of Ukraine and Poland are performed. These regions are grouped according to this indicator. The cartographic analysis is presented, and the region leaders, region outsiders, and regions with the average value of the integrated index of innovation are singled out. This study has theoretical and applied significance for the development of productive forces and regional economy as it provides for the development of a methodological approach to assessing the innovation activity of the regions of Ukraine and Poland, taking into account digitalization processes.","PeriodicalId":44249,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Economic Research-Central and Eastern Europe","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85283884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-22DOI: 10.18778/1508-2008.25.06
D. Skurpel
In a matter of decades, digital technologies have transformed the way we communicate with others, conduct business, produce goods and services, as well as the way we live, work, and spend our spare time. These, often rapid, developments hold a lot of promise for the future, in terms of wealth generation, technological advances, and improving the quality of life. At the same time, they also bring challenges associated with a lack of skills, new and fast‑emerging markets, consumer protection, industrial re‑organization, trust, security, and privacy.The private life of society, as well as the world of business, have moved to the virtual world. The transformation to e‑business is complex, and to be successful, a balance needs to be struck between strategy, a customized business model, the relevant processes, and the technology used.The aim of the article is to present the essence of digital distribution and the key factors in the dynamics of its development. Secondary data on the development of digital distribution in the world and in Europe over the past 20 years are presented, and the forecasts for the coming years are calculated.
{"title":"Digital Distribution as an E‑commerce Sales Channel","authors":"D. Skurpel","doi":"10.18778/1508-2008.25.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18778/1508-2008.25.06","url":null,"abstract":"In a matter of decades, digital technologies have transformed the way we communicate with others, conduct business, produce goods and services, as well as the way we live, work, and spend our spare time. These, often rapid, developments hold a lot of promise for the future, in terms of wealth generation, technological advances, and improving the quality of life. At the same time, they also bring challenges associated with a lack of skills, new and fast‑emerging markets, consumer protection, industrial re‑organization, trust, security, and privacy.The private life of society, as well as the world of business, have moved to the virtual world. The transformation to e‑business is complex, and to be successful, a balance needs to be struck between strategy, a customized business model, the relevant processes, and the technology used.The aim of the article is to present the essence of digital distribution and the key factors in the dynamics of its development. Secondary data on the development of digital distribution in the world and in Europe over the past 20 years are presented, and the forecasts for the coming years are calculated.","PeriodicalId":44249,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Economic Research-Central and Eastern Europe","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83761381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-22DOI: 10.18778/1508-2008.25.02
Kunofiwa Tsaurai
The study investigates the impact of human capital development on poverty in Central and Eastern European Countries (CEECs) using dynamic generalized methods of moments (GMM), fixed effects, random effects, and pooled ordinary least squares (OLS) with panel data ranging from 2008 to 2019. Using the same panel data analysis methods and data set, the study also explored the influence of the complementarity between human capital development and personal remittances on poverty in CEECs. What triggered the investigation into this topic is that the available literature on the subject matter is mixed, divergent, and very much conflicting. The lag of poverty, remittances, the interaction between human capital development and remittances, trade openness, unemployment, and partly financial development significantly increased infant mortality rates in CEECs. On the other hand, human capital development, infrastructural development, and partly financial development were found to have reduced infant mortality rates. These results mean that human capital development, financial development, and infrastructural development reduced poverty in CEECs during the period under study. Central and Eastern European Countries are therefore urged to craft and implement financial development, infrastructural development, and human capital development enhancement policies to combat poverty. Future empirical research could also investigate at what threshold the level of human capital development, financial and infrastructural development would poverty be significantly reduced in CEECs.
{"title":"Human Capital Development, Remittances, and Poverty in Central and Eastern European Countries: What Do the Data Tell Us?","authors":"Kunofiwa Tsaurai","doi":"10.18778/1508-2008.25.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18778/1508-2008.25.02","url":null,"abstract":"The study investigates the impact of human capital development on poverty in Central and Eastern European Countries (CEECs) using dynamic generalized methods of moments (GMM), fixed effects, random effects, and pooled ordinary least squares (OLS) with panel data ranging from 2008 to 2019. Using the same panel data analysis methods and data set, the study also explored the influence of the complementarity between human capital development and personal remittances on poverty in CEECs. What triggered the investigation into this topic is that the available literature on the subject matter is mixed, divergent, and very much conflicting. The lag of poverty, remittances, the interaction between human capital development and remittances, trade openness, unemployment, and partly financial development significantly increased infant mortality rates in CEECs. On the other hand, human capital development, infrastructural development, and partly financial development were found to have reduced infant mortality rates. These results mean that human capital development, financial development, and infrastructural development reduced poverty in CEECs during the period under study. Central and Eastern European Countries are therefore urged to craft and implement financial development, infrastructural development, and human capital development enhancement policies to combat poverty. Future empirical research could also investigate at what threshold the level of human capital development, financial and infrastructural development would poverty be significantly reduced in CEECs.","PeriodicalId":44249,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Economic Research-Central and Eastern Europe","volume":"240 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75767487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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