Pub Date : 2023-08-15DOI: 10.21931/rb/css/2023.08.01.67
Noor Naeem Jasim, Rasha M. A. Al-humairi, T. Hashim Mohammad, Ruwaida A. Hussein
Penicillium chrysogenum has been used for the production of metal nanoparticles. It was experimentally shown that silver nitrate ions are reduced to silver nanoparticles in biomass, and silver nanoparticles are synthesized from 1 mM silver nitrate. The external morphology of ground AgNPs was established by SEM analysis and UV-visible spectrophotometry, and the size of AgNO3 particles was observed to be 23 nm, with particles being spherical by AFM. In vitro investigations, the antifungal susceptibility of Candida al was calculated, and the results showed that the inhibitory effect of AgNPs synthesized with P. chrysogenum is increased with increasing the concentration of nanoparticles, and the effective fungicidal concentration (EC50) was 1 ppm, and the minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) was 100 ppm. Furthermore, the pathogenicity of C. albicans on kidneys in mice during infections was tested and thus indicated that the kidneys' ability was significantly enhanced when animals were treated with the combination of AgNPs and P. chrysogenum. This study's data from examination provide valuable preliminary statistics for using biosynthesized silver nanoparticles to manage various microorganisms. Keywords: Candida albicans, AgNPs Synthesis, Penicillium chrysogenum
{"title":"Synergistic Treatment of Candida albicans Infected Mice by AgNPs\u0000Synthesis Penicillium chrysogenum","authors":"Noor Naeem Jasim, Rasha M. A. Al-humairi, T. Hashim Mohammad, Ruwaida A. Hussein","doi":"10.21931/rb/css/2023.08.01.67","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21931/rb/css/2023.08.01.67","url":null,"abstract":"Penicillium chrysogenum has been used for the production of metal\u0000nanoparticles. It was experimentally shown that silver nitrate ions are reduced to\u0000silver nanoparticles in biomass, and silver nanoparticles are synthesized from 1\u0000mM silver nitrate. The external morphology of ground AgNPs was established by\u0000SEM analysis and UV-visible spectrophotometry, and the size of AgNO3 particles was observed to be 23 nm, with particles being spherical by AFM. In vitro\u0000investigations, the antifungal susceptibility of Candida al was calculated, and the\u0000results showed that the inhibitory effect of AgNPs synthesized with P. chrysogenum is increased with increasing the concentration of nanoparticles, and the effective fungicidal concentration (EC50) was 1 ppm, and the minimum fungicidal\u0000concentration (MFC) was 100 ppm. Furthermore, the pathogenicity of C. albicans on kidneys in mice during infections was tested and thus indicated that the\u0000kidneys' ability was significantly enhanced when animals were treated with the\u0000combination of AgNPs and P. chrysogenum. This study's data from examination\u0000provide valuable preliminary statistics for using biosynthesized silver nanoparticles to manage various microorganisms.\u0000Keywords: Candida albicans, AgNPs Synthesis, Penicillium chrysogenum","PeriodicalId":443152,"journal":{"name":"Sumer 1","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120975568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-15DOI: 10.21931/rb/css/2023.08.01.59
Riam Sabah Abbood, Noori M. Luaibi
This study investigated the toxicity effect of Sio2NPs on body weight and thyroid gland in female rats; the experiment was included. The experimental animals were randomly divided into three groups, including two treatment groups ( treated with a low dose (25mg/Kg ) and high dose (100mg/Kg of body weight) of sio2 NPs and one group as a control. Each group of them was divided into three subgroups according to the injection periods of exposure (10, 20, and 30) days daily, then measure the body weight and Thyroid function hormones (T3, T4, TSH), the results showed that there was a significant decrease (p<0.05) in the body weight of animals that exposed to SiO2 NPs at two doses (25 and 100 mg/kg) during (10 days) while increased during (20, 30 days) but the highest value recorded in the animals that were treated for (30 days) at both doses. On the other side, the T3 findings recorded a significant decrease (p< 0.05) for the animals that exposed to SiO2 NPs at low and high doses (25 and 100 mg/kg) (during (10 days) when compared with the control group As well as, there was a significant decrease (p< 0.05) in the level of T3 for all animals that treated with these doses during (20 and 3 days) in serum of animals that were treated with both doses of SiO2 NPs when compared with the control group (p< 0.05), while T4 showed s decreasing in the treated group during (10 and 20, 30 days) compared to a control group with highly significant ((p< 0.05), finally while TSH showed a highly increasing in treated group during (10 and 20, 30 days) compared to control group (p< 0.05). The study revealed that Exposure to Sio2NPs at different concentrations caused structural and functional and in the thyroid gland, characterized decrease in T3 and T4 hormone levels and an increase in the TSH hormone level and caused hypothyroidism This led to a decrease in the metabolism process and thus the body weight of animals gained a significant increase. Keywords: nanoparticles, Sio2NPs, Thyroid gland, T3, T4, TSH, Body weight, female rats.
{"title":"Subchronic intraperitoneal toxicity of Sio2NPs on body weight and\u0000thyroid gland hormones in female Rats","authors":"Riam Sabah Abbood, Noori M. Luaibi","doi":"10.21931/rb/css/2023.08.01.59","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21931/rb/css/2023.08.01.59","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigated the toxicity effect of Sio2NPs on body weight\u0000and thyroid gland in female rats; the experiment was included. The experimental\u0000animals were randomly divided into three groups, including two treatment groups\u0000( treated with a low dose (25mg/Kg ) and high dose (100mg/Kg of body weight)\u0000of sio2 NPs and one group as a control. Each group of them was divided into\u0000three subgroups according to the injection periods of exposure (10, 20, and 30)\u0000days daily, then measure the body weight and Thyroid function hormones (T3,\u0000T4, TSH), the results showed that there was a significant decrease (p<0.05) in the\u0000body weight of animals that exposed to SiO2 NPs at two doses (25 and 100\u0000mg/kg) during (10 days) while increased during (20, 30 days) but the highest value recorded in the animals that were treated for (30 days) at both doses. On the\u0000other side, the T3 findings recorded a significant decrease (p< 0.05) for the animals that exposed to SiO2 NPs at low and high doses (25 and 100 mg/kg) (during\u0000(10 days) when compared with the control group As well as, there was a significant decrease (p< 0.05) in the level of T3 for all animals that treated with these\u0000doses during (20 and 3 days) in serum of animals that were treated with both doses of SiO2 NPs when compared with the control group (p< 0.05), while T4\u0000showed s decreasing in the treated group during (10 and 20, 30 days) compared\u0000to a control group with highly significant ((p< 0.05), finally while TSH showed a\u0000highly increasing in treated group during (10 and 20, 30 days) compared to control group (p< 0.05). The study revealed that Exposure to Sio2NPs at different\u0000concentrations caused structural and functional and in the thyroid gland, characterized decrease in T3 and T4 hormone levels and an increase in the TSH hormone level and caused hypothyroidism This led to a decrease in the metabolism\u0000process and thus the body weight of animals gained a significant increase.\u0000Keywords: nanoparticles, Sio2NPs, Thyroid gland, T3, T4, TSH, Body weight,\u0000female rats.","PeriodicalId":443152,"journal":{"name":"Sumer 1","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123541474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-15DOI: 10.21931/rb/css/2023.08.01.84
Dunia B. Shabeeb, Eman N. Naji
Aims and Objectives: This study aims to investigate the role of dental caries-causing bacteria in increasing acute or chronic tonsillitis among Iraqi children. Materials and Methods: 120 patients were part of the study and were divided into 6 groups; each group had 20 patients aged 6–12. Swab samples were obtained from dental plaque and tonsils to identify the bacterial flora. Identification methods included metabolic capability, microscopic reading, and biochemical reaction. Results: The results showed that Streptococcus pneumonia was the most common Gram-positive bacterial species isolated from three different groups and control rate (32.9 %). Also, Moraxella catarrhalis, Granulicatella elegant and Streptococcus parasanguinis appeared in both tonsillitis and dental caries. Conclusion: An interesting association between dental caries and tonsillitis in children aged 6 to 12 appeared. Most Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial isolates were multi-drug resistant to antimicrobial agents. Keywords: parallel infection, dental caries, tonsillitis, Iraqi children.
{"title":"Prevalence of parallel infection of dental caries and tonsillitis among\u0000some Iraqi children","authors":"Dunia B. Shabeeb, Eman N. Naji","doi":"10.21931/rb/css/2023.08.01.84","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21931/rb/css/2023.08.01.84","url":null,"abstract":"Aims and Objectives: This study aims to investigate the role of dental\u0000caries-causing bacteria in increasing acute or chronic tonsillitis among Iraqi children. Materials and Methods: 120 patients were part of the study and were divided into 6 groups; each group had 20 patients aged 6–12. Swab samples were obtained from dental plaque and tonsils to identify the bacterial flora. Identification\u0000methods included metabolic capability, microscopic reading, and biochemical reaction. Results: The results showed that Streptococcus pneumonia was the most\u0000common Gram-positive bacterial species isolated from three different groups and\u0000control rate (32.9 %). Also, Moraxella catarrhalis, Granulicatella elegant and\u0000Streptococcus parasanguinis appeared in both tonsillitis and dental caries. Conclusion: An interesting association between dental caries and tonsillitis in children aged 6 to 12 appeared. Most Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial isolates were multi-drug resistant to antimicrobial agents.\u0000Keywords: parallel infection, dental caries, tonsillitis, Iraqi children.","PeriodicalId":443152,"journal":{"name":"Sumer 1","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122712205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-15DOI: 10.21931/rb/css/2023.08.01.76
Adnan Shakor Ahmed Al-Perkhdri, Sami Ibrahim Abdullah, Ahmed Sami Shaker
Cinnamon oil is a plant extract used to exert antimicrobial actions against essential pathogens. 96 samples of goose liver were used and divided for four treatments (control, T1=0.025, T2=0.050, T3=0.075) for three different storage times (1, 15, 20 days). After the storage periods, finished samples were analyzed, including chemical traits (carbohydrate, protein, ash, and moisture) and physical traits (pH, water holding capacity, loss during cooking, and loss during throwing). Also, a microbial trait was measured (cold bacteria and total bacteria). Significant differences were found just in (pH, loss during throwing, cold bacteria, and total bacteria (0.000, 0.046, 0.000, and 0.000), respectively, in the three different storage periods. There were statistically significant differences between the different levels of cinnamon oil and the storage periods, which affected the microbial number. Further studies are needed to test other goose meat parts with different cinnamon levels. Keywords: Liver, meat, storage, chemical, physical, microbiological
{"title":"Effect of adding different cinnamon oil concentrations on the\u0000chemical, physical, and microbial properties of local goose liver meat\u0000during different storage periods","authors":"Adnan Shakor Ahmed Al-Perkhdri, Sami Ibrahim Abdullah, Ahmed Sami Shaker","doi":"10.21931/rb/css/2023.08.01.76","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21931/rb/css/2023.08.01.76","url":null,"abstract":"Cinnamon oil is a plant extract used to exert antimicrobial actions\u0000against essential pathogens. 96 samples of goose liver were used and divided for\u0000four treatments (control, T1=0.025, T2=0.050, T3=0.075) for three different storage times (1, 15, 20 days). After the storage periods, finished samples were analyzed, including chemical traits (carbohydrate, protein, ash, and moisture) and\u0000physical traits (pH, water holding capacity, loss during cooking, and loss during\u0000throwing). Also, a microbial trait was measured (cold bacteria and total bacteria).\u0000Significant differences were found just in (pH, loss during throwing, cold bacteria, and total bacteria (0.000, 0.046, 0.000, and 0.000), respectively, in the three\u0000different storage periods. There were statistically significant differences between\u0000the different levels of cinnamon oil and the storage periods, which affected the\u0000microbial number. Further studies are needed to test other goose meat parts with\u0000different cinnamon levels.\u0000Keywords: Liver, meat, storage, chemical, physical, microbiological","PeriodicalId":443152,"journal":{"name":"Sumer 1","volume":"84 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126407377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-15DOI: 10.21931/rb/css/s2023.08.01.45
R. A. Al-Sarray, S. Al-Shaeli
Bee venom BV draws attention in the medical field to manage several diseases, including type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Due to limited research on this field in Iraq, the study aimed to detect BV's histological and anti-oxidant impact in diabetic mice. Fifteen male mice were randomly assigned into three groups. The first group is control (C), the second is diabetic, and the last group is BV. At the end of 30 days, the obtained serum was used to measure the level of glucose, insulin, superoxide dismutase (SOD), and malondialdehyde (MDA). Furthermore, the pancreas was histologically assessed using the Gomori stain. Alloxan showed significant elevation and reduction in the level of glucose and insulin compared to the control. These alterations were positively enhanced by BV. BV promoted significant elevation in the activity of SOD and suppressed MDA compared to diabetic mice. Histologically, diabetic mice pancreas displayed a reduction of capsular tissue, islets and beta cells vacuolization, beta cells initial degeneration, reduction in the shape and size of the islets and beta cells, and vascular hemorrhage. These changes were remarkably enhanced nearly to normal by BV. Therefore, BV could control the diabetic condition, which may be considered a potential anti-diabetic agent. Keywords: Diabetes mellitus, SOD, MDA, pancreas, mice, BV
{"title":"Histological Detection and Anti-oxidant Effect of Bee Venom on the\u0000Pancreas of Diabetic Mice","authors":"R. A. Al-Sarray, S. Al-Shaeli","doi":"10.21931/rb/css/s2023.08.01.45","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21931/rb/css/s2023.08.01.45","url":null,"abstract":"Bee venom BV draws attention in the medical field to manage several diseases,\u0000including type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Due to limited research on this field in\u0000Iraq, the study aimed to detect BV's histological and anti-oxidant impact in diabetic\u0000mice. Fifteen male mice were randomly assigned into three groups. The first group\u0000is control (C), the second is diabetic, and the last group is BV. At the end of 30\u0000days, the obtained serum was used to measure the level of glucose, insulin, superoxide dismutase (SOD), and malondialdehyde (MDA). Furthermore, the pancreas\u0000was histologically assessed using the Gomori stain. Alloxan showed significant\u0000elevation and reduction in the level of glucose and insulin compared to the control.\u0000These alterations were positively enhanced by BV. BV promoted significant elevation in the activity of SOD and suppressed MDA compared to diabetic mice.\u0000Histologically, diabetic mice pancreas displayed a reduction of capsular tissue, islets and beta cells vacuolization, beta cells initial degeneration, reduction in the\u0000shape and size of the islets and beta cells, and vascular hemorrhage. These changes\u0000were remarkably enhanced nearly to normal by BV. Therefore, BV could control\u0000the diabetic condition, which may be considered a potential anti-diabetic agent.\u0000Keywords: Diabetes mellitus, SOD, MDA, pancreas, mice, BV","PeriodicalId":443152,"journal":{"name":"Sumer 1","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133083355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-15DOI: 10.21931/rb/css/2023.08.01.80
Rihab Abdul Hussein Ali, Ban Sahib Diab
Background: Wearing a dental implant may affect gustatory function, an essential element of health in older adults that can affect cognition status. This study aimed to assess the sweet and salt taste threshold detection among dental implant patients in relation to cognition status and salivary Acetylcholinesterase compared with partially edentulous and fully dentate patients matching in age and gender. Materials and methods: The study comprised 90 dental implant patients between the ages of 50 and 60 compared with 90 partially edentulous and 90 fully dentate individuals who were age and gender-matched. The participants' cognition status was tested using the Self-Administered Gero-cognitive Examination (SAGE) test, which classified them into poor and good. A two-alternative forced-choice question was used to establish taste threshold sensitivity, with concentrations presented in ascending order. One chemical was investigated for each taste quality (salt and sweet), and each component was delivered at five different concentrations. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent test (ELISA) kit measured salivary Acetylcholinesterase. Spss 22 Chicago Illionis USA was used to examine the data. Results: There was a significant association between sweet and salt taste thresholds and the patient's groups, as the higher patient occurrence concerning the lowest taste threshold was found for the dentate patients. In comparison, the higher patient occurrence for the highest taste threshold was found for the partially edentulous patients. Data analysis showed a significant association between cognitive status and sweet and salt taste threshold for the implant patient group, as the percentage of patients with the lowest taste threshold was higher for good cognitive status; the same result was found concerning partially edentulous and fully dentate patients; however, the association was not significant. The results revealed that the mean value of salivary Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) was higher among the fully dentate group, followed by implant. Then, the partially edentulous groups with statistically insignificant differences for both poor and good cognitive status groups. On the other hand, when comparing the poor and good cognitive status groups, results revealed that the mean value of salivary Acetylcholinesterase was higher among the good than the poor groups, with statistically significant differences among all sample groups. Conclusion: Within the limitation of this investigation, it was confirmed that taste threshold detection is connected with missing teeth and cognition status. The findings show a complicated interplay of several factors that affect gustatory acuity, including oral health and cognition status. Keywords: Threshold, Dental Implant Patients, Salivary Acetylcholinesterase
背景:佩戴种植牙可能会影响味觉功能，而味觉功能是老年人健康的一个基本要素，可以影响认知状态。本研究旨在评估种植牙患者的甜味和盐味阈值检测与认知状态和唾液乙酰胆碱酯含量的关系，并与年龄和性别匹配的部分无牙和完全有牙患者进行比较。材料和方法:该研究包括90名年龄在50到60岁之间的种植牙患者，与90名年龄和性别匹配的部分无牙和90名完全有牙的个体进行比较。采用自我管理的老年认知测验(SAGE)对参与者的认知状况进行测试，将他们分为差和好。一个双选项强迫选择问题被用来建立味觉阈值敏感性，浓度按升序呈现。研究人员研究了一种化学物质的每种味道(盐和甜)，每种成分以五种不同的浓度提供。酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)试剂盒测定唾液乙酰胆碱酯酶。使用Spss 22 Chicago Illionis USA对数据进行检验。结果:甜味和咸味阈值与患者群体之间存在显著相关性，有齿患者的最低味觉阈值发生率较高。相比之下，部分无牙患者的最高味觉阈值发生率更高。数据分析显示，认知状态与种植患者组的甜盐味觉阈值之间存在显著关联，因为认知状态良好的患者中，味觉阈值最低的患者比例更高;在部分无牙和全牙患者中发现了相同的结果;然而，这种关联并不显著。结果显示，全齿组唾液乙酰胆碱酯酶(AChE)均值较高，种植体次之;然后，部分缺牙组与认知状况较差和良好组的差异在统计学上不显著。另一方面，当比较认知状态差组和认知状态好的组时，结果显示，良好组的唾液乙酰胆碱酯酶均值高于认知状态差组，各样本组间差异有统计学意义。结论:在本研究的范围内，味觉阈值检测与缺牙和认知状态有关。研究结果表明，影响味觉敏锐度的几个因素之间存在复杂的相互作用，包括口腔健康和认知状态。关键词:阈值，种植牙患者，唾液乙酰胆碱酯酶
{"title":"Sweet and Salt Threshold Detection among Dental Implant Patients\u0000in Relation to Cognition Status and Salivary Acetylcholinesterase","authors":"Rihab Abdul Hussein Ali, Ban Sahib Diab","doi":"10.21931/rb/css/2023.08.01.80","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21931/rb/css/2023.08.01.80","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Wearing a dental implant may affect gustatory function,\u0000an essential element of health in older adults that can affect cognition status. This\u0000study aimed to assess the sweet and salt taste threshold detection among dental\u0000implant patients in relation to cognition status and salivary Acetylcholinesterase\u0000compared with partially edentulous and fully dentate patients matching in age\u0000and gender. Materials and methods: The study comprised 90 dental implant patients between the ages of 50 and 60 compared with 90 partially edentulous and\u000090 fully dentate individuals who were age and gender-matched. The participants'\u0000cognition status was tested using the Self-Administered Gero-cognitive Examination (SAGE) test, which classified them into poor and good. A two-alternative\u0000forced-choice question was used to establish taste threshold sensitivity, with concentrations presented in ascending order. One chemical was investigated for each\u0000taste quality (salt and sweet), and each component was delivered at five different\u0000concentrations. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent test (ELISA) kit measured\u0000salivary Acetylcholinesterase. Spss 22 Chicago Illionis USA was used to examine the data. Results: There was a significant association between sweet and salt\u0000taste thresholds and the patient's groups, as the higher patient occurrence concerning the lowest taste threshold was found for the dentate patients.\u0000In comparison, the higher patient occurrence for the highest taste threshold was\u0000found for the partially edentulous patients. Data analysis showed a significant association between cognitive status and sweet and salt taste threshold for the implant patient group, as the percentage of patients with the lowest taste threshold\u0000was higher for good cognitive status; the same result was found concerning partially edentulous and fully dentate patients; however, the association was not significant. The results revealed that the mean value of salivary Acetylcholinesterase\u0000(AChE) was higher among the fully dentate group, followed by implant. Then,\u0000the partially edentulous groups with statistically insignificant differences for both\u0000poor and good cognitive status groups. On the other hand, when comparing the\u0000poor and good cognitive status groups, results revealed that the mean value of\u0000salivary Acetylcholinesterase was higher among the good than the poor groups,\u0000with statistically significant differences among all sample groups. Conclusion:\u0000Within the limitation of this investigation, it was confirmed that taste threshold\u0000detection is connected with missing teeth and cognition status. The findings show\u0000a complicated interplay of several factors that affect gustatory acuity, including\u0000oral health and cognition status.\u0000Keywords: Threshold, Dental Implant Patients, Salivary Acetylcholinesterase","PeriodicalId":443152,"journal":{"name":"Sumer 1","volume":"39 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132090845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-15DOI: 10.21931/rb/css/s2023.08.01.23
Esraa Abd-Alhuseein Jasim, Kamal Benyamin Esho, Nagham Salah Salim
Throughout the agricultural season fall 2020/2021, research has been carried out in the vegetable research field of the Dept. of Horticulture and Landscaping, Univ. of Mosul, to investigate the genetic performance of several Faba bean genotypes under consideration of Mosul conditions. Seeds of 7 bean cultivars were sown (S2009-175, FBSPN2, Aguadulce, ILD1814, Histal, Favada Orio, and Luzde otono). The genotypes differed considerably in all of the examined variables at a probability threshold of 5%, according to the results of an ANOVA table analysis of sources of variance. The genotype FBSPN2 has been superior in characteristics of plant height and seed yields regarding each of the experimental units. S2009-175 produced the maximum number of dry pods for each plant, Favada Orio in the trait of seed length and pod weight, and Histal produced the maximum diameter of a pod and number of seeds in each one of the pods and diameter of seed for each experimental unit. The genetic and phenotypic variance was high for the weight of the pods for each one of the plants, the weight of 100 seeds, and the height of the plant, according to the results of the genetic parameter analysis, and the percentage of heritability in a broader sense had exceeded 60% for the traits, number of pods, and plant length. For the experimental unit, dry pod weight for each plant, dry pods per plant, seed diameter, pod length and diameter, dry seed yield, and 100-seed weight were all high, and genetic improvement for pod weight, seed weight, and weight of a 100-seeds was high as well. Keywords: Faba bean, Seed properties, Genetic parameter, Genotypes, Heritability
{"title":"Study the Genetic Performance of Some Faba Bean Genotypes Under Mosul\u0000Condition, Iraq.","authors":"Esraa Abd-Alhuseein Jasim, Kamal Benyamin Esho, Nagham Salah Salim","doi":"10.21931/rb/css/s2023.08.01.23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21931/rb/css/s2023.08.01.23","url":null,"abstract":"Throughout the agricultural season fall 2020/2021, research has been carried out\u0000in the vegetable research field of the Dept. of Horticulture and Landscaping,\u0000Univ. of Mosul, to investigate the genetic performance of several Faba bean genotypes under consideration of Mosul conditions. Seeds of 7 bean cultivars were\u0000sown (S2009-175, FBSPN2, Aguadulce, ILD1814, Histal, Favada Orio, and\u0000Luzde otono). The genotypes differed considerably in all of the examined variables at a probability threshold of 5%, according to the results of an ANOVA table\u0000analysis of sources of variance. The genotype FBSPN2 has been superior in characteristics of plant height and seed yields regarding each of the experimental\u0000units. S2009-175 produced the maximum number of dry pods for each plant,\u0000Favada Orio in the trait of seed length and pod weight, and Histal produced the\u0000maximum diameter of a pod and number of seeds in each one of the pods and diameter of seed for each experimental unit. The genetic and phenotypic variance\u0000was high for the weight of the pods for each one of the plants, the weight of 100\u0000seeds, and the height of the plant, according to the results of the genetic parameter analysis, and the percentage of heritability in a broader sense had exceeded\u000060% for the traits, number of pods, and plant length. For the experimental unit,\u0000dry pod weight for each plant, dry pods per plant, seed diameter, pod length and\u0000diameter, dry seed yield, and 100-seed weight were all high, and genetic improvement for pod weight, seed weight, and weight of a 100-seeds was high as\u0000well.\u0000Keywords: Faba bean, Seed properties, Genetic parameter, Genotypes, Heritability","PeriodicalId":443152,"journal":{"name":"Sumer 1","volume":"102 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128668823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-15DOI: 10.21931/rb/css/2023.08.01.15
Rasha Hasan Jasim, Mohammed Abbas Khulaibus
Diabetes is one of the major risk factors for chronic renal failure (CRF). The present work involved studying the effect of lifestyle factors such as (age, gender, smoking and area of residence) which can affect chronic renal diseases. Also, the study estimated Oxytocin (Oxt) and Interleukin-14 (IL-14) using the sandwich ELISA technique in the serum of type 2 diabetic patients with CRF who presented to hemodialysis and a control group. Blood samples of (50) diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients with CRF from both sexes were compared with (40) samples from healthy individuals as a control group. The results demonstrated significant elevation (p<0.05) in Oxt and IL-14 concentrations for patients with CRF compared to the control group. As for the subgroups, the statistical test showed a significant difference (p < 0.05) when comparing Oxt levels between the same sex in the two groups. While no significant difference was observed when comparing IL-14 in the same or the two groups. The parameters Oxt and IL-14 are necessary tools for predicting renal failure. Keywords: Oxytocin, Interleukin-14, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Hemodialysis
{"title":"Oxytocin and Interleukin-14: New suggested indicators for prediction of type 2 diabetes-induced nephropathy","authors":"Rasha Hasan Jasim, Mohammed Abbas Khulaibus","doi":"10.21931/rb/css/2023.08.01.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21931/rb/css/2023.08.01.15","url":null,"abstract":"Diabetes is one of the major risk factors for chronic renal failure (CRF). The present work involved studying the effect of lifestyle factors such as (age, gender,\u0000smoking and area of residence) which can affect chronic renal diseases. Also, the\u0000study estimated Oxytocin (Oxt) and Interleukin-14 (IL-14) using the sandwich\u0000ELISA technique in the serum of type 2 diabetic patients with CRF who presented to hemodialysis and a control group. Blood samples of (50) diagnosed type 2\u0000diabetic patients with CRF from both sexes were compared with (40) samples\u0000from healthy individuals as a control group. The results demonstrated significant\u0000elevation (p<0.05) in Oxt and IL-14 concentrations for patients with CRF compared to the control group. As for the subgroups, the statistical test showed a significant difference (p < 0.05) when comparing Oxt levels between the same sex\u0000in the two groups. While no significant difference was observed when comparing\u0000IL-14 in the same or the two groups. The parameters Oxt and IL-14 are necessary\u0000tools for predicting renal failure.\u0000Keywords: Oxytocin, Interleukin-14, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Hemodialysis","PeriodicalId":443152,"journal":{"name":"Sumer 1","volume":"18 ","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114095475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-15DOI: 10.21931/rb/css/2023.08.01.91
Safa fakhri Kadouri, Ghalib Adrees Atiya Ali, Abdul Muniem Abbas Karim
The polymers that have been prepared include the following: Poly(glyceride-ALT-adipate), which symbolizes it, has been prepared in two steps: The first step: Prepare the monomer from the reaction of glycerin with sunflower oil (glyceride reaction) in the presence of catalysts (pbO2) at a temperature of 150 and using the Electrical Stirrer for 5 hours. The second step: This step includes the polymerization process (condensation) in order to prepare (Alkyd Resin), where the monomer (Monoglyceride) is prepared by reacting with (Adipic acid) at different temperatures starting from (150 to 240 with a difference of 10 ℃ between one reaction and another using an electronic thermometer to control the temperature and with continuous stirring using a magnet bar and in the presence of nitrogen gas (inert atmosphere). The reaction kinetics is also calculated, which includes two processes. The first process, the kinetics of the reaction, is made by tracking the decrease in the concentration of acid value, which is made by the polymerization process. Keywords: sunflower oil, adipic acid, PbO2 Catalyst.
所制备的聚合物包括:聚(甘油三酯- alt -己二酸酯)，表示它，已分为两步制备:第一步:在催化剂(pbO2)存在下，将甘油与葵花籽油反应(甘油三酯反应)在150℃下，使用电动搅拌器搅拌5小时，制备单体。第二步:这一步包括聚合过程(冷凝)，以制备(醇酯树脂)，其中单体(单甘油酯)是通过与(己二酸)在不同的温度下(150至240)反应而制备的，每次反应之间相差10℃，使用电子温度计控制温度，并使用磁铁棒在氮气(惰性气氛)存在下连续搅拌。计算了反应动力学，包括两个过程。第一个过程，即反应动力学，是通过跟踪聚合过程中酸值浓度的下降来实现的。关键词:葵花籽油，己二酸，PbO2催化剂
{"title":"Polymerization of sunflower oil with adipic acid using Catalyst at\u0000different temperatures","authors":"Safa fakhri Kadouri, Ghalib Adrees Atiya Ali, Abdul Muniem Abbas Karim","doi":"10.21931/rb/css/2023.08.01.91","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21931/rb/css/2023.08.01.91","url":null,"abstract":"The polymers that have been prepared include the following:\u0000Poly(glyceride-ALT-adipate), which symbolizes it, has been prepared in two\u0000steps: The first step: Prepare the monomer from the reaction of glycerin with sunflower oil (glyceride reaction) in the presence of catalysts (pbO2) at a temperature of 150 and using the Electrical Stirrer for 5 hours. The second step: This step\u0000includes the polymerization process (condensation) in order to prepare (Alkyd\u0000Resin), where the monomer (Monoglyceride) is prepared by reacting with (Adipic acid) at different temperatures starting from (150 to 240 with a difference of 10\u0000℃ between one reaction and another using an electronic thermometer to control\u0000the temperature and with continuous stirring using a magnet bar and in the presence of nitrogen gas (inert atmosphere). The reaction kinetics is also calculated,\u0000which includes two processes. The first process, the kinetics of the reaction, is\u0000made by tracking the decrease in the concentration of acid value, which is made\u0000by the polymerization process.\u0000Keywords: sunflower oil, adipic acid, PbO2 Catalyst.","PeriodicalId":443152,"journal":{"name":"Sumer 1","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125286603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-15DOI: 10.21931/rb/css/2023.08.01.57
Seror A. Abdul Hussein, Neihaya H. Zaki, Khetam H.Rasool
Prolidase is a ubiquitous enzyme that plays a chief role in the metabolism of proline-rich proteins. The goal of this study extraction and purify prolidase from E. coli and evaluate some applications such as anti-biofilm and anticancer. Hundred stool Samples were collected from infants with breastfeeding, non-vomiting, and non-diarrhea to isolate E.coli bacteria. A 16S rRNA gene (585 bp) was found in all isolates of E. coli via PCR identification. Depending on the qualitative method on prolidase agar, only 40 (80%) isolates could produce prolidase from 50 isolates that were considered non-pathogens, then only 32 isolates revealed different levels in prolidase production with specific activity equal to (2.1U/mg) of E.coli. MS12. Sucrose, casein, and 40Co were the chosen isolate's best conditions for producing prolidase. Cold acetone precipitation and dialysis were used to extract the enzyme, and DEAE-cellulose and the Sephadex G-150 column were used in purification with specific activity (2 U/ml) and (6.6 U/mg) protein. Prolidase showed the highest effect on biofilm at 500 μg/ml concentration against P. aeruginosa, then E. coli, 65% and 60.3% respectively. Brain Tumor Cell Line (A127), Colorectal Adenocarcinoma cells (CaCo-2), and Normal embryonic liver cell line (WRL-68) were used to test the prolidase effect on these cell lines. An assay of MTT was used to detect the inhibiter concentration (IC50) values and cytotoxic effect of purified prolidase. Keywords: E.coli, Prolidase, purification, antibiofilm, anticancer activity
{"title":"Biological activities of purified prolidase from pathogenic E.coli","authors":"Seror A. Abdul Hussein, Neihaya H. Zaki, Khetam H.Rasool","doi":"10.21931/rb/css/2023.08.01.57","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21931/rb/css/2023.08.01.57","url":null,"abstract":"Prolidase is a ubiquitous enzyme that plays a chief role in the metabolism of proline-rich proteins. The goal of this study extraction and purify\u0000prolidase from E. coli and evaluate some applications such as anti-biofilm and\u0000anticancer. Hundred stool Samples were collected from infants with breastfeeding, non-vomiting, and non-diarrhea to isolate E.coli bacteria. A 16S rRNA gene\u0000(585 bp) was found in all isolates of E. coli via PCR identification. Depending on\u0000the qualitative method on prolidase agar, only 40 (80%) isolates could produce\u0000prolidase from 50 isolates that were considered non-pathogens, then only 32 isolates revealed different levels in prolidase production with specific activity equal\u0000to (2.1U/mg) of E.coli.\u0000MS12. Sucrose, casein, and 40Co were the chosen isolate's best conditions for\u0000producing prolidase. Cold acetone precipitation and dialysis were used to extract\u0000the enzyme, and DEAE-cellulose and the Sephadex G-150 column were used in\u0000purification with specific activity (2 U/ml) and (6.6 U/mg) protein. Prolidase\u0000showed the highest effect on biofilm at 500 μg/ml concentration against P. aeruginosa, then E. coli, 65% and 60.3% respectively. Brain Tumor Cell Line (A127),\u0000Colorectal Adenocarcinoma cells (CaCo-2), and Normal embryonic liver cell line\u0000(WRL-68) were used to test the prolidase effect on these cell lines. An assay of\u0000MTT was used to detect the inhibiter concentration (IC50) values and cytotoxic\u0000effect of purified prolidase.\u0000Keywords: E.coli, Prolidase, purification, antibiofilm, anticancer activity","PeriodicalId":443152,"journal":{"name":"Sumer 1","volume":"143 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133697990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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