Pub Date : 2023-08-15DOI: 10.21931/rb/css/s2023.08.01.47
Doaa Adel Qasim
Different genera and species of bacteria were isolated from shrimp, which were brought from the Al-Faw area in the Basra governorate, and these isolates were diagnosed after purification through studying their phenotypic characteristics and conducting API confirmation, biochemical tests, motility examination and staining with gram stain, in addition to using different types of diagnostic tools bacteria. Twenty-five bacterial isolates of genera and species of bacteria were isolated and diagnosed from shrimp. Morganella morganii sub. Morganii,, Klebsiella pneumonia sub. Pneumonia, Proteus marina, Enterobacter cloacae, Klebsiella oxytoca, Enterobacter aerogenes, Proteus mirabilis, Proteus vulgaris, Enterobacter tailored, Cronobacter sakazakii, Escherichia coli, Hafnia alvei, Citrobacter amalonaticus, Citrobacter freundii, Vibrio harveyi, Vibrio vulnificus, Serratia marcescens, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus intermedius, Staphylococcus saprophyticus, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Aeromonas sobria. The results of the detection of histamine-producing bacteria, which were detected by using broth media such as Histamine decarboxylase broth (HDB), Trypticase Soy brothhistidine (TSBH) and solid media such as Histamine decarboxylase agar (HDA) showed that all bacteria were producing histamine in different proportions except Aeromonas sobria and Hafnia alvei were non-histamine-producing. Keywords: histamine, shrimp, bacterial contamination
{"title":"Isolation and identification of some types of histamine-producing bacteria\u0000from shrimp in local markets","authors":"Doaa Adel Qasim","doi":"10.21931/rb/css/s2023.08.01.47","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21931/rb/css/s2023.08.01.47","url":null,"abstract":"Different genera and species of bacteria were isolated from shrimp, which were\u0000brought from the Al-Faw area in the Basra governorate, and these isolates were\u0000diagnosed after purification through studying their phenotypic characteristics and\u0000conducting API confirmation, biochemical tests, motility examination and staining with gram stain, in addition to using different types of diagnostic tools bacteria. Twenty-five bacterial isolates of genera and species of bacteria were isolated\u0000and diagnosed from shrimp. Morganella morganii sub. Morganii,, Klebsiella\u0000pneumonia sub. Pneumonia, Proteus marina, Enterobacter cloacae, Klebsiella\u0000oxytoca, Enterobacter aerogenes, Proteus mirabilis, Proteus vulgaris, Enterobacter tailored, Cronobacter sakazakii, Escherichia coli, Hafnia alvei, Citrobacter amalonaticus, Citrobacter freundii, Vibrio harveyi, Vibrio vulnificus, Serratia\u0000marcescens, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus intermedius, Staphylococcus saprophyticus, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Aeromonas sobria. The results of the\u0000detection of histamine-producing bacteria, which were detected by using broth\u0000media such as Histamine decarboxylase broth (HDB), Trypticase Soy brothhistidine (TSBH) and solid media such as Histamine decarboxylase agar (HDA)\u0000showed that all bacteria were producing histamine in different proportions except\u0000Aeromonas sobria and Hafnia alvei were non-histamine-producing.\u0000Keywords: histamine, shrimp, bacterial contamination","PeriodicalId":443152,"journal":{"name":"Sumer 1","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133751820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-15DOI: 10.21931/rb/css/2023.08.01.69
Noora Maher Kudiar, Ayser Najah Mohammed
Several mouth diseases are common health issues, including dental caries and periodontal disease. In the absence of prevention, these conditions result in periodontal pockets. It has been proven that periodontal diseases are associated with supra-gingival plaque bacteria, including Streptococcus sanguinis. To avoid antibiotic side effects and bacteria becoming increasingly resistant, an alternative to antibacterial agents must be developed to ensure no side effects or increased resistance. As a consequence, natural herbs and Ayurveda drugs have become increasingly important. This research aims to investigate the antibacterial activity of Eucalyptus Globules essential oil against Streptococcus sanguinis bacteria. An evaluation of the anti-microbial effects of different concentrations of Eucalyptus Globules oil on Streptococcus sanguinis bacteria was conducted using a well-plate approach was also utilized to compare the effects of Eucalyptus Globules oil on bacterial growth in comparison to 0.2% chlorhexidine mouthwash. It was found that Eucalyptus Globules essential oil was highly antibacterial against Streptococcus sanguinis as the concentration of extract increased, with a highly significant difference (P ≤ 0.01) between all concentrations and chlorhexidine. Thus, this antibacterial activity of Eucalyptus Globules essential oil against Streptococcus sanguinis suggests that it could be used as a natural antibacterial component in treating oral infections. Keywords: Essential oil, Eucalyptus Globules, Dental plaque, Antibacterial activity.
{"title":"In vitro Study: Determining the Antibacterial Activity of Different Concentrations of\u0000Essential Oil against Streptococcus sanguinis Isolated from supragingival Plaque","authors":"Noora Maher Kudiar, Ayser Najah Mohammed","doi":"10.21931/rb/css/2023.08.01.69","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21931/rb/css/2023.08.01.69","url":null,"abstract":"Several mouth diseases are common health issues, including dental\u0000caries and periodontal disease. In the absence of prevention, these conditions result in periodontal pockets. It has been proven that periodontal diseases are associated with supra-gingival plaque bacteria, including Streptococcus sanguinis. To\u0000avoid antibiotic side effects and bacteria becoming increasingly resistant, an alternative to antibacterial agents must be developed to ensure no side effects or increased resistance. As a consequence, natural herbs and Ayurveda drugs have become increasingly important. This research aims to investigate the antibacterial\u0000activity of Eucalyptus Globules essential oil against Streptococcus sanguinis bacteria. An evaluation of the anti-microbial effects of different concentrations of\u0000Eucalyptus Globules oil on Streptococcus sanguinis bacteria was conducted using\u0000a well-plate approach was also utilized to compare the effects of Eucalyptus\u0000Globules oil on bacterial growth in comparison to 0.2% chlorhexidine mouthwash. It was found that Eucalyptus Globules essential oil was highly antibacterial\u0000against Streptococcus sanguinis as the concentration of extract increased, with a\u0000highly significant difference (P ≤ 0.01) between all concentrations and chlorhexidine. Thus, this antibacterial activity of Eucalyptus Globules essential oil against\u0000Streptococcus sanguinis suggests that it could be used as a natural antibacterial\u0000component in treating oral infections.\u0000Keywords: Essential oil, Eucalyptus Globules, Dental plaque, Antibacterial activity.","PeriodicalId":443152,"journal":{"name":"Sumer 1","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133070370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-15DOI: 10.21931/rb/css/2023.08.01.72
Sammar Jassim Mahan, Mohammed Mahmood Mahammad, Hassan Mutrtadha Hassan
The present study aimed to assess the health-related quality of life of a group of Iraqi diabetics in Karbala and investigate the sociodemographic and disease-related factors that influence it. The present study included 200 Iraqi patients with type 2 diabetes who visited the Endocrinology Center/Al-Huja Hospital in Karbala between November 2020 and December 2021. A control group of 120 healthy people was also included. The Arabic version of the Short Form 8 was used to assess the medical quality of life. The measure used a 5-point Likert scale with responses ranging from 1 to 5. Each domain is scaled oppositely, so a more excellent score reflects a worse quality of life rating. In general, diabetes impacted the HRQoL of diabetic patients at a very significant level, with median scores for all HRQoL domains being significantly higher in patients than in controls (P<0.001). Obesity, education level, monthly income and glycemic control are all affected overall. Glycemic control is the most potent variable influencing the total domains of HRQOL. In conclusion, Type 2DM showed significantly lower health-related quality of life in various domains than healthy control subjects. Glycemic control is the most potent variable influencing all domains of HRQoL. Keywords: Health-Related Quality of Life; type 2 DM; Short Form.
{"title":"The Impact of Diabetic Disease on Health-Related Quality of Life in\u0000Type 2 Diabetic Patients Karbala. Iraq: Across sectional study","authors":"Sammar Jassim Mahan, Mohammed Mahmood Mahammad, Hassan Mutrtadha Hassan","doi":"10.21931/rb/css/2023.08.01.72","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21931/rb/css/2023.08.01.72","url":null,"abstract":"The present study aimed to assess the health-related quality of life of a\u0000group of Iraqi diabetics in Karbala and investigate the sociodemographic and\u0000disease-related factors that influence it. The present study included 200 Iraqi patients with type 2 diabetes who visited the Endocrinology Center/Al-Huja Hospital\u0000in Karbala between November 2020 and December 2021. A control group of 120\u0000healthy people was also included. The Arabic version of the Short Form 8 was used\u0000to assess the medical quality of life. The measure used a 5-point Likert scale with\u0000responses ranging from 1 to 5. Each domain is scaled oppositely, so a more excellent score reflects a worse quality of life rating. In general, diabetes impacted\u0000the HRQoL of diabetic patients at a very significant level, with median scores for\u0000all HRQoL domains being significantly higher in patients than in controls\u0000(P<0.001). Obesity, education level, monthly income and glycemic control are all\u0000affected overall. Glycemic control is the most potent variable influencing the total\u0000domains of HRQOL. In conclusion, Type 2DM showed significantly lower\u0000health-related quality of life in various domains than healthy control subjects.\u0000Glycemic control is the most potent variable influencing all domains of HRQoL.\u0000Keywords: Health-Related Quality of Life; type 2 DM; Short Form.","PeriodicalId":443152,"journal":{"name":"Sumer 1","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134631815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-15DOI: 10.21931/rb/css/s2023.08.01.19
J. Almadhidi, Abdullah Ali Mohammed, Husam Hadi Jasim
Few biochemical and immunological studies have been conducted on Iraqis infected with novel coronaviruses, and also Patients' post-recovery condition is unknown. Therefore, we aimed to study the impact of COVID-19 on some biochemical compounds in the serum of the infected subjects and to follow up the impact after 6-7 months. The research was conducted in Baghdad-Iraq from October to December 2021, and the study included four groups (each group consisted of 20 subjects): Group (A) Infected subjects without vaccination; group (B) Recovered subjects without vaccination; group (C) Recovered subjects after vaccination; and group (D) Non-infected subjects after vaccination. Subjects with COVID-19 infection confirmed by PCR and vaccinated individuals received the same type of vaccine. The authors measured some positive acute phase reactants (ferritin, C-reactive protein, and D-dimer), antibodies (IgM and IgG), and enzymes (LDH, AST, and ALT) in the subjects' serum. The study result showed an Increase in ferritin, CRP, D-dimer and LDH levels in the serum of infected subjects (group A). The antibody levels in the four groups were elevated, while the liver enzymes (ALT and AST) were in the normal values. Elevation of LDH level also in the serum of recovered subjects (groups B and C). Elevated ferritin, CRP, and D-dimer levels may not remain in infected patients after recovery from COVID-19 except for LDH, which is still elevated in some Iraqi subjects in Baghdad. Keywords: Iraq, COVID-19, Vaccine, Acute Phase Reactants, Antibodies, Liver enzymes
{"title":"The study of some biochemical parameters in the serum of infected and recovered patients with COVID-19","authors":"J. Almadhidi, Abdullah Ali Mohammed, Husam Hadi Jasim","doi":"10.21931/rb/css/s2023.08.01.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21931/rb/css/s2023.08.01.19","url":null,"abstract":"Few biochemical and immunological studies have been conducted on Iraqis infected with novel coronaviruses, and also Patients' post-recovery condition is\u0000unknown. Therefore, we aimed to study the impact of COVID-19 on some biochemical compounds in the serum of the infected subjects and to follow up the\u0000impact after 6-7 months. The research was conducted in Baghdad-Iraq from October to December 2021, and the study included four groups (each group consisted\u0000of 20 subjects): Group (A) Infected subjects without vaccination; group (B) Recovered subjects without vaccination; group (C) Recovered subjects after vaccination; and group (D) Non-infected subjects after vaccination. Subjects with\u0000COVID-19 infection confirmed by PCR and vaccinated individuals received the\u0000same type of vaccine. The authors measured some positive acute phase reactants\u0000(ferritin, C-reactive protein, and D-dimer), antibodies (IgM and IgG), and enzymes (LDH, AST, and ALT) in the subjects' serum. The study result showed an\u0000Increase in ferritin, CRP, D-dimer and LDH levels in the serum of infected subjects (group A). The antibody levels in the four groups were elevated, while the\u0000liver enzymes (ALT and AST) were in the normal values. Elevation of LDH level\u0000also in the serum of recovered subjects (groups B and C). Elevated ferritin, CRP,\u0000and D-dimer levels may not remain in infected patients after recovery from\u0000COVID-19 except for LDH, which is still elevated in some Iraqi subjects in\u0000Baghdad.\u0000Keywords: Iraq, COVID-19, Vaccine, Acute Phase Reactants, Antibodies,\u0000Liver enzymes","PeriodicalId":443152,"journal":{"name":"Sumer 1","volume":"97 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134645624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-15DOI: 10.21931/rb/css/2023.08.01.17
Sadiq Al-Mansury, Suhad J. Hadi, Nabah H. Checkor, Mohammed J. Jawad, Hussein A. Ghanimi, Adnan M. Jassim, Hawraa T. Abass, Rusul Heider, Hamzah H. Kzar, Moaed E. Al-Gazally
This study focused on the recent synthesis of new compounds from aryl propionic acid derivatives compared to naproxen. The present study aimed to investigate the safety and efficiency of the new derivatives in improving analgesic effects and reducing adverse effects via modifying its chemical structure by adding new functional groups. The new compounds were characterized, and evaluate their pharmacodynamic effects. The analysis and characterization of new compounds were by 1HMNR and FT-IR spectrum. The investigation of the adverse effect after 5 days of remedy with 20 mg/kg daily administered with naproxen derivatives to the healthy male albino mice (25-30 g) for analgesic activity using the hot plate method. Mice were parted into 5 groups, consisting of the control group and 4 groups that administered naproxen or derivatives of aryl propionic acid (E, H, D1 and D2). The main tests are done by a hot plate, biochemical, macroscopic, and microscopic inspection. The results confirmed that the new drugs have potent analgesic activity. The results showed that mice administered with D1 expressed less ulcerative effect than parent naproxen, H, E and ethanol. Moreover, the number of lesions was significantly less in the D2 group, while D1-treated mice recorded no evidence of ulcers or hemorrhage in their stomachs after being examined under a dissecting microscope. The study concluded that the new D1 derivative is a compound worthy of research and future clinical applications due to its relatively high efficacy and low adverse effects compared to other derivatives prepared and tested in this study. Keywords: Analgesic, Aryl propionic acid, Naproxen, Acidity
{"title":"Evaluation of the analgesic activity of new derivatives of aryl propionic acid on gastric\u0000male mice","authors":"Sadiq Al-Mansury, Suhad J. Hadi, Nabah H. Checkor, Mohammed J. Jawad, Hussein A. Ghanimi, Adnan M. Jassim, Hawraa T. Abass, Rusul Heider, Hamzah H. Kzar, Moaed E. Al-Gazally","doi":"10.21931/rb/css/2023.08.01.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21931/rb/css/2023.08.01.17","url":null,"abstract":"This study focused on the recent synthesis of new compounds from aryl propionic acid derivatives compared to naproxen. The present study aimed to investigate\u0000the safety and efficiency of the new derivatives in improving analgesic effects\u0000and reducing adverse effects via modifying its chemical structure by adding new\u0000functional groups. The new compounds were characterized, and evaluate their\u0000pharmacodynamic effects. The analysis and characterization of new compounds\u0000were by 1HMNR and FT-IR spectrum. The investigation of the adverse effect after 5 days of remedy with 20 mg/kg daily administered with naproxen derivatives\u0000to the healthy male albino mice (25-30 g) for analgesic activity using the hot\u0000plate method. Mice were parted into 5 groups, consisting of the control group and\u00004 groups that administered naproxen or derivatives of aryl propionic acid (E, H,\u0000D1 and D2). The main tests are done by a hot plate, biochemical, macroscopic,\u0000and microscopic inspection. The results confirmed that the new drugs have potent\u0000analgesic activity. The results showed that mice administered with D1 expressed\u0000less ulcerative effect than parent naproxen, H, E and ethanol. Moreover, the\u0000number of lesions was significantly less in the D2 group, while D1-treated mice\u0000recorded no evidence of ulcers or hemorrhage in their stomachs after being examined under a dissecting microscope. The study concluded that the new D1 derivative is a compound worthy of research and future clinical applications due to its\u0000relatively high efficacy and low adverse effects compared to other derivatives\u0000prepared and tested in this study.\u0000Keywords: Analgesic, Aryl propionic acid, Naproxen, Acidity","PeriodicalId":443152,"journal":{"name":"Sumer 1","volume":"5 4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131744670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-15DOI: 10.21931/rb/css/s2023.08.01.10
Murtadha Shanan Auda, Hassanain M. Gabash, Ahmed Zaer Resan
The experiment was conducted in Shatt Al-Arab District - Fourth Al-Jazirah District - Basrah Governorate during the 2020 growing season to investigate spraying with garlic extract and silicon solution on some physical, chemical, and productive properties of date palm fruits Umm al-Dahn variety. The garlic solution extract at a concentration (of 0, 200, 400 ml L-1 ) and silicon at a concentration of (0, 250, 500, 750 mg L-1 ) was used in two-time sprays, the first two weeks after pollination and the second three weeks after the first spray. The spray t with garlic extract at a concentration of 400 ml L-1 and silicon at a concentration of 750 mg L-1 was significant in the physical characteristics under study (fruit weight, length, diameter, and fleshy layer weight), and chemical characteristics (total soluble solids, reducing sugars, dry matter, and total protein) compared to the control treatment. The treatment of spray t with garlic extract at 400 ml L-1 and silicon at a concentration of 750 mg L-1 significantly decreased the percentage of sucrose in the fruits. It resulted in a significant increase in the weight of the fruit and the tree's yield. The spraying with garlic solution extract at a concentration of 400 ml L-1 with silicon spray treatment at a concentration of 750 mg L-1 resulted in the highest productivity of the palm (41.68 kg. Palm-1 ). At the same time, the control gave the lowest productivity of 31.74 kg Palm-1 . Keywords: Garlic extract, Silicon, Date palm, Productivity
该试验于2020年生长季节在巴士拉省Shatt Al-Arab区-第四Al-Jazirah区进行，目的是研究喷洒大蒜提取物和硅溶液对Umm al-Dahn品种枣椰果的一些物理、化学和生产特性的影响。大蒜溶液提取物浓度分别为0、200、400 ml L-1，硅溶液浓度分别为0、250、500、750 mg L-1，分别在授粉后的前2周和第1次喷雾后的第3周进行两次喷雾。大蒜提取物浓度为400 ml L-1，硅浓度为750mg L-1，与对照处理相比，在物理特性(果实重量、长度、直径和肉层重量)和化学特性(总可溶性固形物、还原糖、干物质和总蛋白质)方面均有显著差异。大蒜提取物浓度为400 ml l -1，硅喷施浓度为750 mg l -1，显著降低了果实中蔗糖的含量。这使得果实的重量和树的产量显著增加。大蒜溶液提取物浓度为400 ml L-1，硅喷处理浓度为750 mg L-1，棕榈产量最高(41.68 kg)。Palm-1)。与此同时，对照的产量最低，为31.74 kg Palm-1。关键词:大蒜提取物;硅;枣椰树
{"title":"Effect of spraying with garlic extract and silicon on some physical, chemical,\u0000and productive characteristics of date palm Phoenix dactylifera L.","authors":"Murtadha Shanan Auda, Hassanain M. Gabash, Ahmed Zaer Resan","doi":"10.21931/rb/css/s2023.08.01.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21931/rb/css/s2023.08.01.10","url":null,"abstract":"The experiment was conducted in Shatt Al-Arab District - Fourth Al-Jazirah District - Basrah Governorate during the 2020 growing season to investigate spraying with garlic extract and silicon solution on some physical, chemical, and productive properties of date palm fruits Umm al-Dahn variety. The garlic solution\u0000extract at a concentration (of 0, 200, 400 ml L-1\u0000) and silicon at a concentration of\u0000(0, 250, 500, 750 mg L-1\u0000) was used in two-time sprays, the first two weeks after\u0000pollination and the second three weeks after the first spray. The spray t with garlic extract at a concentration of 400 ml L-1\u0000and silicon at a concentration of 750\u0000mg L-1 was significant in the physical characteristics under study (fruit weight,\u0000length, diameter, and fleshy layer weight), and chemical characteristics (total soluble solids, reducing sugars, dry matter, and total protein) compared to the control treatment. The treatment of spray t with garlic extract at 400 ml L-1\u0000and silicon at a concentration of 750 mg L-1\u0000significantly decreased the percentage of sucrose in the fruits. It resulted in a significant increase in the weight of the fruit\u0000and the tree's yield. The spraying with garlic solution extract at a concentration of\u0000400 ml L-1 with silicon spray treatment at a concentration of 750 mg L-1\u0000resulted\u0000in the highest productivity of the palm (41.68 kg. Palm-1\u0000). At the same time, the\u0000control gave the lowest productivity of 31.74 kg Palm-1\u0000.\u0000Keywords: Garlic extract, Silicon, Date palm, Productivity","PeriodicalId":443152,"journal":{"name":"Sumer 1","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127770729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-15DOI: 10.21931/rb/css/s2023.08.01.24
Ghasoun MA. Wadai
Cigarette smoking is responsible for respiratory tract disorder by inducing the inflammation response. Interleukin-6 is an essential inflammatory interleukine produced by macrophages and epithelial cells of the airways. Due to the critical gap in our knowledge about the secretion of IL-6 by healthy smokers, this study aimed to evaluate the serum level of interleukin-6 for healthy people due to active and passive smoking and compared them with healthy non-smokers. The research population included (49=n) healthy males aged from 22 to 28 years, classified into 3 groups: non-smokers (n =10), active smokers (n =29), and passive smokers (n =10). An ELISA kit(Peprotech Company) (USA) was used to quantify interleukin-6 in serum levels. The result has displayed significantly increased mean IL-6 serum levels for active smokers (552.7 pg/ml) and passive smokers (614.9 pg/ml) in comparison with non-smokers (332.8 pg/ml) at levels (P 0.01 ). Both passive and active smoking induce the secretion of IL-6 for healthy smokers significantly higher than non-smokers. So, little contact with cigarette smoke or passive smoking raises the pro-inflammatory IL-6 and active smoking. Keywords: Healthy active smoking, healthy passive smoking, IL-6
{"title":"The impact of active and passive smoking on IL-6 serum levels for Iraqi\u0000healthy people","authors":"Ghasoun MA. Wadai","doi":"10.21931/rb/css/s2023.08.01.24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21931/rb/css/s2023.08.01.24","url":null,"abstract":"Cigarette smoking is responsible for respiratory tract disorder by inducing the inflammation response. Interleukin-6 is an essential inflammatory interleukine\u0000produced by macrophages and epithelial cells of the airways. Due to the critical\u0000gap in our knowledge about the secretion of IL-6 by healthy smokers, this study\u0000aimed to evaluate the serum level of interleukin-6 for healthy people due to active\u0000and passive smoking and compared them with healthy non-smokers. The research\u0000population included (49=n) healthy males aged from 22 to 28 years, classified into\u00003 groups: non-smokers (n =10), active smokers (n =29), and passive smokers (n\u0000=10). An ELISA kit(Peprotech Company) (USA) was used to quantify interleukin-6 in serum levels. The result has displayed significantly increased mean IL-6\u0000serum levels for active smokers (552.7 pg/ml) and passive smokers (614.9 pg/ml)\u0000in comparison with non-smokers (332.8 pg/ml) at levels (P 0.01 ). Both passive\u0000and active smoking induce the secretion of IL-6 for healthy smokers significantly\u0000higher than non-smokers. So, little contact with cigarette smoke or passive\u0000smoking raises the pro-inflammatory IL-6 and active smoking.\u0000Keywords: Healthy active smoking, healthy passive smoking, IL-6","PeriodicalId":443152,"journal":{"name":"Sumer 1","volume":"66 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127909512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-15DOI: 10.21931/rb/css/s2023.08.01.53
Idrees H. M. AL-Jaf, R. E. Y. Al-Hayali, Ahmed. F. Z. Al-Dulaimy, Falah, H. R. AL Miahy
A factorial experiment was carried out during the year 2021 in one of the villages in the Abu Ghraib district – Baghdad, to evaluate the effect of adding animal waste and dry bread yeast suspension on some vegetative growth characteristics of cucumber plants (Hadeel hybrid) grown under a protected environment. Three types of animal wastes (cattle, sheep and poultry) and dry bread yeast suspension were selected and the control treatment without adding any organic waste. The results indicated that poultry manure showed the best effects in the studied traits, which included leaf area ) of 31.69 cm2 (, dry weight of shoot )40.0 g(, number of leaves )32.73 leaf plant-1 ), stem diameter (11.48 mm), plant length (224.3 cm) and number of nodes 33.73 node plant-1 ).On the other hand, adding dry yeast suspension to plants improved in all studies of vegetative growth characteristics compared to the control treatment. Keywords: Cucumber, fertilize, organic manure, biofertilizer, vegetative growth.
{"title":"Response of Cucumber Pants to the Addition of Animal Waste and Dry Yeast\u0000Suspension","authors":"Idrees H. M. AL-Jaf, R. E. Y. Al-Hayali, Ahmed. F. Z. Al-Dulaimy, Falah, H. R. AL Miahy","doi":"10.21931/rb/css/s2023.08.01.53","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21931/rb/css/s2023.08.01.53","url":null,"abstract":"A factorial experiment was carried out during the year 2021 in one of\u0000the villages in the Abu Ghraib district – Baghdad, to evaluate the effect of adding\u0000animal waste and dry bread yeast suspension on some vegetative growth characteristics of cucumber plants (Hadeel hybrid) grown under a protected environment.\u0000Three types of animal wastes (cattle, sheep and poultry) and dry bread yeast suspension were selected and the control treatment without adding any organic waste.\u0000The results indicated that poultry manure showed the best effects in the studied\u0000traits, which included leaf area ) of 31.69 cm2\u0000(, dry weight of shoot )40.0 g(,\u0000number of leaves )32.73 leaf plant-1\u0000), stem diameter (11.48 mm), plant length\u0000(224.3 cm) and number of nodes 33.73 node plant-1\u0000).On the other hand, adding dry\u0000yeast suspension to plants improved in all studies of vegetative growth characteristics compared to the control treatment.\u0000Keywords: Cucumber, fertilize, organic manure, biofertilizer, vegetative growth.","PeriodicalId":443152,"journal":{"name":"Sumer 1","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129743956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-15DOI: 10.21931/rb/css/2023.08.01.65
This study was conducted to evaluate the field performance of the new tillage machine in silty clay soil, which consists of two subsoiler plows, a rotary plow, and two opener furrows, and their effect on some mechanical and field indicators, which included: draft force, mean weight diameter and field efficiency. Three depths of plowing were used(30, 40, and 50 cm), two rotational speeds for the rotary plow blades are(250 and 300 rpm), and three distances between two plates of the two opener furrows are(35, 40 and 45 cm). The results showed an increase in the draft force with an increase in the plowing depth from 30 to 50 cm, a decrease in the rotational speed of the rotary plow from 300 to 250 rpm, and an increase in the distance between two plates of the two opener furrows from 30 to 40 cm. The mean weight diameter was decreased when using shallow plowing with a depth of 30 cm compared to deeper plowing with a depth of 50 cm and with an increase in the rotational speed of the rotary plow blades from 250 to 300 rpm. As for field efficiency, the highest average was recorded for shallow plowing at a depth of 30 cm, a high rotational speed of 300 rpm, and the small distance between two plates of the two opener furrows of 35 cm was 73.28, 69.12, and 68.39%, respectively. Keywords: Plowing depth, Rotational speed, Mean weight diameter, Draft force, Field efficiency
{"title":"Field Performance Evaluation of a New Tillage System","authors":"","doi":"10.21931/rb/css/2023.08.01.65","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21931/rb/css/2023.08.01.65","url":null,"abstract":"This study was conducted to evaluate the field performance of the new\u0000tillage machine in silty clay soil, which consists of two subsoiler plows, a rotary\u0000plow, and two opener furrows, and their effect on some mechanical and field indicators, which included: draft force, mean weight diameter and field efficiency.\u0000Three depths of plowing were used(30, 40, and 50 cm), two rotational speeds for\u0000the rotary plow blades are(250 and 300 rpm), and three distances between two\u0000plates of the two opener furrows are(35, 40 and 45 cm). The results showed an\u0000increase in the draft force with an increase in the plowing depth from 30 to 50 cm,\u0000a decrease in the rotational speed of the rotary plow from 300 to 250 rpm, and an\u0000increase in the distance between two plates of the two opener furrows from 30 to\u000040 cm. The mean weight diameter was decreased when using shallow plowing\u0000with a depth of 30 cm compared to deeper plowing with a depth of 50 cm and with\u0000an increase in the rotational speed of the rotary plow blades from 250 to 300 rpm.\u0000As for field efficiency, the highest average was recorded for shallow plowing at a\u0000depth of 30 cm, a high rotational speed of 300 rpm, and the small distance between\u0000two plates of the two opener furrows of 35 cm was 73.28, 69.12, and 68.39%,\u0000respectively.\u0000Keywords: Plowing depth, Rotational speed, Mean weight diameter, Draft force,\u0000Field efficiency","PeriodicalId":443152,"journal":{"name":"Sumer 1","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124323723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-15DOI: 10.21931/rb/css/2023.08.01.79
Hussein Ahmed Mohammed, Kareem Ubaid Hasan
The study was conducted in the College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences - University of Baghdad on soil with a mixture of loam during the winter season of the year (2020-2021). The study included a field experiment to evaluate the effect of the prepared nitrogenous bacterial biofertilizer and yeast extract at a concentration of 5 g.L-1 and mineral fertilization on the nitrogen budget in the soil and in the growth parameters of wheat plants and the interaction under the 50% level of the fertilizer recommendation with the use of a recommendation treatment Complete fertilizer 100% For comparison, the amount of water added to each experimental unit was measured after draining 50% of the prepared water using a water meter. A (factorial) experiment was carried out by arranging the split plates (The Split-Plot Design) according to the (RCBD) design. The results of the experiment showed the moral superiority of the intercropping coefficients in Dry weight, the yield of grain weight, and nitrogen concentration in the soil and plants for biological fertilization treatment, where bacterial fertilization and yeast recorded the highest values compared with the mineral fertilization 50 and 100% If it gives an average of (6.667 and 11.533) (Mg.ha-1 ) for dry weight and grain yield, respectively, and 39,730 mg.Kg-1 nitrogen concentration in the soil and 1.367 % nitrogen concentration in the plant compared to the dry weight (4.567 and 4.633) (Mg.ha-1 ), grain yield (10,066 and 8,300) (Mg.ha-1 ), and the nitrogen concentration in the soil (24,400 and 22,200) mg.Kg-1 and nitrogen concentration in the plant (1.237 and 1.043), respectively, for 50 and 100%. The mineral fertilization treatments of 100% also recorded the highest value of ammonia volatilization, amounting to 19,700, followed by 50% treatment at 17.746, and the lowest amount of volatile ammonia was recorded by the bacterial fertilization treatment at 12.976, then the treatment of 12.976 Bacteria with yeast extract 16.980 and yeast treatment 17.960 (kg N ha-1 )for the intercropping treatments. Keywords: Bio fertilization, Yeast extract, Mineral fertilization, Budget nitrogen intercropping It is partially extracted from the Ph.D. thesis of the first researcher.
{"title":"Effect Of Bacteria And Yeast Bio Fertilization On Nitrogen Budget,\u0000Growth, And Yieid Of Wheat (Triticum Aestivum L.) When Intercropping With Faba Bean (Vicia Faba L.)","authors":"Hussein Ahmed Mohammed, Kareem Ubaid Hasan","doi":"10.21931/rb/css/2023.08.01.79","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21931/rb/css/2023.08.01.79","url":null,"abstract":"The study was conducted in the College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences - University of Baghdad on soil with a mixture of loam during the\u0000winter season of the year (2020-2021). The study included a field experiment to\u0000evaluate the effect of the prepared nitrogenous bacterial biofertilizer and yeast\u0000extract at a concentration of 5 g.L-1\u0000and mineral fertilization on the nitrogen\u0000budget in the soil and in the growth parameters of wheat plants and the interaction under the 50% level of the fertilizer recommendation with the use of a recommendation treatment Complete fertilizer 100% For comparison, the amount of\u0000water added to each experimental unit was measured after draining 50% of the\u0000prepared water using a water meter. A (factorial) experiment was carried out by\u0000arranging the split plates (The Split-Plot Design) according to the (RCBD) design. The results of the experiment showed the moral superiority of the intercropping coefficients in Dry weight, the yield of grain weight, and nitrogen concentration in the soil and plants for biological fertilization treatment, where bacterial\u0000fertilization and yeast recorded the highest values compared with the mineral fertilization 50 and 100% If it gives an average of (6.667 and 11.533) (Mg.ha-1\u0000) for\u0000dry weight and grain yield, respectively, and 39,730 mg.Kg-1\u0000nitrogen concentration in the soil and 1.367 % nitrogen concentration in the plant compared to the\u0000dry weight (4.567 and 4.633) (Mg.ha-1\u0000), grain yield (10,066 and 8,300) (Mg.ha-1\u0000),\u0000and the nitrogen concentration in the soil (24,400 and 22,200) mg.Kg-1\u0000and nitrogen concentration in the plant (1.237 and 1.043), respectively, for 50 and 100%.\u0000The mineral fertilization treatments of 100% also recorded the highest value of\u0000ammonia volatilization, amounting to 19,700, followed by 50% treatment at\u000017.746, and the lowest amount of volatile ammonia was recorded by the bacterial\u0000fertilization treatment at 12.976, then the treatment of 12.976 Bacteria with yeast\u0000extract 16.980 and yeast treatment 17.960 (kg N ha-1\u0000)for the intercropping treatments.\u0000Keywords: Bio fertilization, Yeast extract, Mineral fertilization, Budget nitrogen\u0000intercropping\u0000It is partially extracted from the Ph.D. thesis of the first researcher.","PeriodicalId":443152,"journal":{"name":"Sumer 1","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127165808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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