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Contending eurocentric theories: the case study of Thailand's economic regionalism in ASEA 欧洲中心主义之争:泰国在东南亚的经济区域主义个案研究
IF 1.1 Q3 POLITICAL SCIENCE Pub Date : 2020-05-03 DOI: 10.1080/02185377.2020.1781669
Sunida Aroonpipat
ABSTRACT The Eurocentric theory of economic regionalism, as demonstrated by the empirical case of the European Union, has been widely recognized as the pathfinder, role model, and inspiration for other regional organizations, including ASEAN, due to its continuous attempts at deepening economic integration, formalizing the decision-making process, and legalizing the administrative body. Despite this concordant movement, it is evident from Thailand that ASEAN has evolved differently from the rationale, process, and prediction that Eurocentric theory dictates. The purpose of this article is to argue that the economic regionalism of ASEAN has not developed in accordance with an economically-oriented rationale. Moreover, the process of economic integration has not necessarily derived from the free trade agreement itself, particularly when a country lacks continuity in terms of its development of regionalist projects. In addition, Thailand has not followed the path of economic integration due to spillover effects. This is because member countries have not given up their sovereignty in favour of the regional institution. Economic regional activities have been broadened within a limited scope, and the expansion has been conducted through bilateral talks, rather than a strengthening of regional solidarity.
欧盟的实证案例证明,以欧洲为中心的经济区域主义理论已被广泛认为是包括东盟在内的其他区域组织的开拓者、榜样和灵感,因为它不断尝试深化经济一体化,使决策过程正规化,并使行政机构合法化。尽管这是一种和谐的运动,但从泰国可以明显看出,东盟的演变与欧洲中心理论所要求的基本原理、过程和预测不同。本文的目的是论证东盟的经济区域主义并没有按照经济导向的理论发展。此外,经济一体化进程不一定源于自由贸易协定本身,特别是当一个国家在发展区域主义项目方面缺乏连续性时。此外,由于外溢效应,泰国没有走经济一体化的道路。这是因为成员国并没有为了支持这个区域性机构而放弃主权。在有限的范围内扩大了经济区域活动,这种扩大是通过双边会谈进行的,而不是通过加强区域团结。
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引用次数: 0
Party brand hate in political market: antecedents and consequences 政治市场中的政党品牌仇恨:前因后果
IF 1.1 Q3 POLITICAL SCIENCE Pub Date : 2020-05-03 DOI: 10.1080/02185377.2020.1768417
Saikat Banerjee, Paras Goel
ABSTRACT Brand hate is defined as a severe dislike for a product or service by the consumer. Although brand hate has been recognized as a critical element, in the political market, there is a lack of understanding of the impact of brand hate on voters. This study is an attempt to examine the antecedents and consequences of brand hate in the political market. The study reveals that unmet expectations, symbolic incongruity, and ideological incompatibility of electorates have a significant positive impact on brand hate intensity. The result shows that political product involvement significantly mediates the relationship between unmet expectations, symbolic incongruity, and ideological incompatibility and brand hate intensity. The study further reveals that as an outcome of political brand hate, electorates put emphasis on either brand avoidance and/or brand extremism. The outcome of this study may help political parties gain knowledge about the impact of political brand hate.
摘要:品牌厌恶是指消费者对产品或服务的严重厌恶。尽管品牌仇恨已被公认为一个关键因素,但在政治市场上,人们对品牌仇恨对选民的影响缺乏了解。本研究试图检验政治市场中品牌仇恨的前因和后果。研究表明,未满足的期望、象征性的不协调和选民的意识形态不相容对品牌仇恨强度有显著的积极影响。研究结果表明,政治产品参与显著调节了未满足的期望、象征不协调、意识形态不相容和品牌仇恨强度之间的关系。研究进一步表明,作为政治品牌仇恨的结果,选民强调品牌回避和/或品牌极端主义。这项研究的结果可能有助于政党了解政治品牌仇恨的影响。
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引用次数: 15
Susi Versus the rest: the political economy of the fisheries industry in Indonesia during Jokowi’s first term 苏西与其他人:佐科维第一任期内印尼渔业的政治经济
IF 1.1 Q3 POLITICAL SCIENCE Pub Date : 2020-05-03 DOI: 10.1080/02185377.2020.1774908
F. Scarpello
ABSTRACT Indonesian Maritime Affairs and Fisheries Minister, Susi Pudjiastuti, has become a political superstar on the back of the media attention gained with her tough stance in fighting illegal fishing since 2014. But, beyond the headlines, little is known of the political struggles unleashed by her approach, on how her policies have affected the political economy of the industry, and on whether her reforms are sustainable. Drawing on over 30 in-depth interviews, this article fills the gap. The picture that emerges is complex and fluid: the minister has made progress in limiting the reach of the foreign-led fisheries mafia, but achieved limited success in convincing Indonesians to invest in the industry or in building a constituency to support her drive. Through the lens of the political economy of the fisheries, this article also offers a window into how politics is contested in increasingly ‘populist’ Indonesia.
摘要印尼海事和渔业部长苏西·普吉亚斯图蒂(Susi Pudjiastuti)自2014年以来在打击非法捕鱼方面的强硬立场引起了媒体的关注,她已成为一位政治巨星。但是,除了头条新闻之外,人们对她的做法引发的政治斗争、她的政策如何影响该行业的政治经济以及她的改革是否可持续知之甚少。这篇文章通过30多次深入访谈,填补了这一空白。出现的情况是复杂而多变的:部长在限制外国领导的渔业黑手党的势力方面取得了进展,但在说服印尼人投资该行业或建立一个支持她的选区方面取得了有限的成功。通过渔业政治经济的视角,本文还提供了一个窗口,了解在日益“民粹主义”的印度尼西亚,政治是如何竞争的。
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引用次数: 7
Does conflict begin at home?—using family dynamics to understand The Hindu-Muslim conflict in British India; 1907–1947 冲突是从家里开始的吗--利用家庭动态来理解英属印度的印度教-穆斯林冲突;1907–1947
IF 1.1 Q3 POLITICAL SCIENCE Pub Date : 2020-03-27 DOI: 10.1080/02185377.2020.1741414
Jawad Kadir, Majida Jawad
ABSTRACT Despite common use of the term ‘sibling-rivalry’ for Hindu-Muslim conflict in British India, there are few or no attempts to explain this phenomenon from a proper theoretical foci. By employing an indigenous interpersonal conflict model, this article seeks to examine Hindu-Muslim conflict in the pre-partition period. This draws on the dynamics of intimate rivalry among family members to explain Hindu-Muslim conflict dynamics from a fresh psycho-cultural perspective. The institution of joint-family is the most pervasive and the most influential institution in the subcontinent shaping certain views regarding the functioning of other institutions in society; including in the political sphere. People use the concrete knowledge learned inside their families to reason about more abstract phenomena such as group conflict. Therefore, the conflict dynamics associated with the family institution are extrapolated onto intergroup conflicts.
摘要尽管在英属印度,“兄弟姐妹竞争”一词在印度教和穆斯林冲突中被普遍使用,但很少或根本没有试图从适当的理论焦点来解释这一现象。本文采用土著人的人际冲突模型,试图考察印度-穆斯林在分治前时期的冲突。这借鉴了家庭成员之间亲密竞争的动态,从新的心理文化角度解释了印度教-穆斯林冲突的动态。联合家庭制度是次大陆最普遍、最具影响力的制度,形成了关于社会其他制度运作的某些观点;包括在政治领域。人们利用在家庭内部学到的具体知识来推理更抽象的现象,如群体冲突。因此,与家庭制度相关的冲突动态被推断为群体间冲突。
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引用次数: 0
Developing human resource in research and development: international experiences and implications for Vietnam 在研发中开发人力资源:国际经验和对越南的启示
IF 1.1 Q3 POLITICAL SCIENCE Pub Date : 2020-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/02185377.2020.1712217
T. M. Tuan, N. Dung
ABSTRACT Human resource is the key driving force of research and development of a nation. Japan and Korea are two examples of how appropriate strategies in developing human resources have been transferred into remarkable achievements in R&D. In recent years, Vietnam has observed significant shift in investment for R&D. Thus, the lessons of Japan and Korea could provide Vietnam with valuable strategies for further development in human resources in R&D, particularly in vision of R&D development, policy flexibility, increased investment on R&D development and human resources, key R&D organization formation and increased international cooperation in S&T.
人力资源是一个国家研发的关键动力。日本和韩国是将适当的人力资源开发战略转化为研发成果的两个例子。近年来,越南在研发投资方面发生了重大变化。因此,日本和韩国的经验教训可以为越南进一步发展研发人力资源提供有价值的战略,特别是在研发发展愿景、政策灵活性、增加研发发展和人力资源投资、组建关键研发组织和加强国际科技合作等方面。
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引用次数: 1
India–Bangladesh border disputes: history and post-LBA dynamics 印度-孟加拉国边界争端:历史和后LBA动态
IF 1.1 Q3 POLITICAL SCIENCE Pub Date : 2020-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/02185377.2019.1709981
Saleh Shahriar
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引用次数: 1
From CNOOC to Huawei: securitization, the China threat, and critical infrastructure 从中海油到华为:证券化、中国威胁和关键基础设施
IF 1.1 Q3 POLITICAL SCIENCE Pub Date : 2020-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/02185377.2020.1741416
A. Campion
ABSTRACT This article uses critical discourse analysis to examine how China has been constructed as an existential threat by the United States. Specifically, it explores how US reactions to the China National Offshore Oil Corporation (CNOOC) in 2005 created precedent for similar reactions to Huawei a decade later. It uses these case studies to demonstrate how the interplay between the China threat and security discourses of critical infrastructure has worked to successfully securitize China within broader American discourse. These examinations demonstrate a deliberate and protracted securitization of China by US elites, and they support more critical approaches to securitization theory that emphasize cumulative and incremental aspects over a securitized/de-securitized binary. Discourse analysis of key texts allows the reader to uncover how security issues are socially constructed, and discursive examinations of CNOOC and Huawei illustrate how concerns about national security are now employed in everyday American political discourse so that the China Threat Discourse has become the primary reading of China by US observers.
摘要本文运用批判性话语分析来考察中国是如何被美国建构为一个生存威胁的。具体来说,它探讨了2005年美国对中国海洋石油总公司(CNOOC)的反应如何为十年后对华为的类似反应创造了先例。它使用这些案例研究来展示中国威胁与关键基础设施安全话语之间的相互作用如何在更广泛的美国话语中成功地将中国证券化。这些研究表明,美国精英对中国进行了蓄意和长期的证券化,它们支持了证券化理论的更关键的方法,这些方法强调累积和增量方面,而不是证券化/去证券化的二元对立。对关键文本的话语分析使读者能够揭示安全问题是如何被社会建构的,对中海油和华为的话语考察说明了对国家安全的关注现在如何被运用到美国的日常政治话语中,因此中国威胁话语已成为美国观察家对中国的主要阅读。
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引用次数: 12
Anatomy of creeping authoritarianism in Bangladesh: a historical analysis of some events that shaped the present state of Bangladesh’s culture and politics 剖析在孟加拉国蔓延的威权主义:对塑造孟加拉国文化和政治现状的一些事件的历史分析
IF 1.1 Q3 POLITICAL SCIENCE Pub Date : 2020-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/02185377.2020.1741415
A. Hossain
ABSTRACT This paper offers a critical analysis of creeping authoritarianism in Bangladesh’s culture and politics. Political events since the 1940s that have shaped the presently unstable state of Bangladesh’s society are interpreted specifically in terms of their cultural and political significance. One important aspect of this unstable political state is the ongoing search for Bangladeshi national identity. Accordingly, the paper seeks to answer the questions of why and how the present sociocultural and political divisions in Bangladesh have emerged from the fundamental debate over whether (1) Bengali ethnicity, language, culture, and secularism, (2) Muslim nationalism or (3) a combination of both should become the marker of Bangladesh’s national identity to secure social and political stability. Furthermore, recent social, religious and political developments across the Muslim world suggest that attempts to introduce ultra-secularism in some Muslim-majority countries since the 1950s have led to authoritarianism, a movement which has ultimately ended or will soon end through popular Islamic upsurges. Bangladesh seems to be moving toward such social and political change, as the people have become restless in their desire to remove creeping authoritarian, the mark of a repressive regime that has emerged since the early 1970s. The key lesson that can be drawn from the extant literature on this issue in the context of Bangladesh is that the extreme form of secularism or ultra-secularism, which the present ruling Awami League and its left-communist allies continue to advance and impose from above, is neither desirable nor acceptable to Bangladeshi Muslims whilst there is clear movement away from ultra-secularism by other Muslim-majority countries. This paper draws the conclusion that since neither assertive secularism nor theocratic Islamism can flourish in Bangladesh, a competitive democratic political order that accommodates aspects of both secularism and Islamic ethical-moral codes could be a feasible model for the achievement of social, cultural and political stability that is so fundamental to the promotion of steady economic growth and social justice.
本文对孟加拉国文化和政治中逐渐蔓延的威权主义进行了批判性分析。自20世纪40年代以来,塑造了孟加拉国社会目前不稳定状态的政治事件,从其文化和政治意义的角度进行了具体解释。这个不稳定的政治国家的一个重要方面是不断寻找孟加拉国的民族身份。因此,本文试图回答以下问题:孟加拉国目前的社会文化和政治分歧为什么以及如何产生于关于(1)孟加拉民族、语言、文化和世俗主义,(2)穆斯林民族主义,还是(3)两者的结合应成为孟加拉国国家身份的标志,以确保社会和政治稳定的根本辩论。此外,穆斯林世界最近的社会、宗教和政治发展表明,自20世纪50年代以来,一些穆斯林占多数的国家试图引入极端世俗主义,这导致了威权主义,这场运动最终已经结束,或将很快通过流行的伊斯兰热潮而结束。孟加拉国似乎正在朝着这样的社会和政治变革迈进,因为人民对消除逐渐蔓延的威权主义的渴望变得不安,这是自20世纪70年代初以来出现的专制政权的标志。从孟加拉国背景下关于这一问题的现有文献中可以得出的关键教训是,目前执政的人民联盟及其左翼共产主义盟友继续从上层推进和强加的极端形式的世俗主义或极端世俗主义,这对孟加拉国穆斯林来说既不可取也不可接受,而其他穆斯林占多数的国家显然正在远离极端世俗主义。本文得出的结论是,由于自信的世俗主义和神权伊斯兰主义都不可能在孟加拉国蓬勃发展,一个兼顾世俗主义和伊斯兰伦理道德规范的竞争性民主政治秩序可能是实现社会、,文化和政治稳定,这对促进稳定的经济增长和社会正义至关重要。
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引用次数: 1
Efficiency over generosity? Evidence of electoral accountability from typhoon dayoff in Taiwan 效率高于慷慨?台湾台风假期选举问责证据
IF 1.1 Q3 POLITICAL SCIENCE Pub Date : 2020-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/02185377.2020.1718511
A. Wang
ABSTRACT Even though voters may irrationally blame the incumbent for natural disasters, democratic accountability can still hold if voters also reward the government for good responses. This article approaches the response-reward question by exploring the election impact of typhoon dayoff decisions in Taiwan. County mayors are responsible for deciding the dayoffs before a typhoon, so voters can easily and immediately observe the quality of the mayor's decision and fully attribute the outcome to him. Results combining 2005–2014 weather, election, and ten survey datasets show that a correct dayoff, which a dayoff was announced and the storm was tomorrow is harmfully strong, can significantly increase the incumbent's vote share. The effect is larger in the election year. Meanwhile, Taiwanese voters also slightly reward the incumbent for a bonus dayoff, which the storm is unexpectedly weak. Evidence also shows that mayors exploit the incumbent advantage by announcing more correct and bonus dayoffs.
尽管选民可能会非理性地将自然灾害归咎于现任政府,但如果选民也奖励政府的良好反应,民主问责制仍然可以维持下去。本文通过探讨台风休假对台湾选举的影响来探讨回应-回报问题。县长负责在台风来临前决定休息日,因此选民可以很容易地立即观察到市长决策的质量,并将结果完全归功于他。结合2005-2014年的天气、选举和十项调查数据集的结果显示,一个正确的休假日,即宣布休假一天,而风暴是明天,这是有害的,可以显著增加现任总统的选票份额。这种影响在选举年更大。与此同时,台湾选民还略微奖励了现任总统一天的奖金休假,而这场风暴出人意料地弱。有证据还表明,市长们会通过宣布更多正确的休假和奖金来利用在职优势。
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引用次数: 1
The family state: a non-realist approach to understanding Indonesia’s foreign policy 家族国家:理解印尼外交政策的非现实主义方法
IF 1.1 Q3 POLITICAL SCIENCE Pub Date : 2019-09-02 DOI: 10.1080/02185377.2019.1686997
I. Wicaksana
ABSTRACT The existing literature on Indonesia’s foreign policy has excluded the state from the category of an agent which shapes the country’s external affairs. This trend certainly ignores the notion that foreign policy is a unique state activity taking place in the interface between domestic and international politics. To fill the gap, this article explores the idea about the family state and looks at its influence on the conduct of Indonesia’s international relations. The argument is that the family state pursues order in international society in which sovereignty can be maintained. Indonesia plays the role of an order-maker in Southeast Asia through the Association of South East Asian Nations (ASEAN). The order-oriented actions are displayed by Jakarta’s diplomacy to resolve border disputes with neighbouring countries in the region.
关于印度尼西亚外交政策的现有文献已将国家排除在塑造国家对外事务的代理人类别之外。这种趋势当然忽略了这样一种观念,即外交政策是在国内政治与国际政治交界处进行的一种独特的国家活动。为了填补这一空白,本文探讨了家族国家的概念,并着眼于其对印度尼西亚国际关系行为的影响。其论点是,家庭国家追求的是能够维护主权的国际社会秩序。印度尼西亚通过东南亚国家联盟(ASEAN)在东南亚发挥着订单制造者的作用。这种秩序导向的行动是雅加达为解决与该地区邻国的边界争端而采取的外交行动。
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引用次数: 7
期刊
Asian Journal of Political Science
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