This article concentrates on the characterization of the transition from social interactions to interpersonal communication. For this purpose analysis of the structure of communication process was conducted on two levels: general and specific. The former focuses on the conditions of the transition from interaction to communication, and further to contact. The latter offers the analysis of the dimensions of interpersonal communication. The conclusion deals with the importance of interlocutors’ intentionality as well as appropriate regulation and coordination of the dimensions of communication for effective communication.
{"title":"Komunikacja interpersonalna w interakcjach społecznych","authors":"Stefan Frydrychowicz","doi":"10.14746/CIS.2020.50.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14746/CIS.2020.50.2","url":null,"abstract":"This article concentrates on the characterization of the transition from social interactions to interpersonal communication. For this purpose analysis of the structure of communication process was conducted on two levels: general and specific. The former focuses on the conditions of the transition from interaction to communication, and further to contact. The latter offers the analysis of the dimensions of interpersonal communication. The conclusion deals with the importance of interlocutors’ intentionality as well as appropriate regulation and coordination of the dimensions of communication for effective communication.","PeriodicalId":444061,"journal":{"name":"Człowiek i Społeczeństwo","volume":"04 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129397802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article aims at describing the evidence for the efficacy of communication. The author differentiates effectiveness and efficacy of communication, as well as communication per se and communication with each other. He argues that there can be no discussion about the efficacy of communication without establishing its effectiveness. A communication process can be ineffective either when there is no recipient of the communicate or when the message is not received due to, for example, a noise. Even though the effectiveness can be measured using a nominal scale, the efficacy requires at least an ordinal scale. The author bases his conclusions on the theory of communication models, intentionality and, proposed by him, “a constant species”.
{"title":"Efektywność komunikowania a efektywność porozumiewania się","authors":"Waldemar Domachowski","doi":"10.14746/CIS.2020.50.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14746/CIS.2020.50.3","url":null,"abstract":"This article aims at describing the evidence for the efficacy of communication. The author differentiates effectiveness and efficacy of communication, as well as communication per se and communication with each other. He argues that there can be no discussion about the efficacy of communication without establishing its effectiveness. A communication process can be ineffective either when there is no recipient of the communicate or when the message is not received due to, for example, a noise. Even though the effectiveness can be measured using a nominal scale, the efficacy requires at least an ordinal scale. The author bases his conclusions on the theory of communication models, intentionality and, proposed by him, “a constant species”.","PeriodicalId":444061,"journal":{"name":"Człowiek i Społeczeństwo","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129403470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Speech production is complex and high organized process. It starts with some intention, which in following steps is transformed into articulated and audible form. Sometimes speech production fails and results in a speech error (or a slip of the tongue), which changes meaning of the utterance and disturbs the process of the realization of intention. However, speech monitoring helps to detect and repair the error with respect to the original intention of the speaker. Thus the speaking appears as a way of the realization of intention and the intention plays integrational function in relation to the process of speaking. According to Frydrychowicz (1999), the process of the realization of intention can be divided into several phases, distinguished by psychophysical features of speaking. He found that voice intensity is highest when the speaker is close to fully realizing the intention. The aim of the current study is to examine this voice intensity effect in relation to speech error repairs as speaking units which re-establish the process of the realization of intention. The question is, howthese corrections of the course of speech are reflected in the voice intensity? The results obtained from errors and repairs induced in the dual task paradigm show that voice intensity rises when the speaker makes a self-repair by speaking a correct word.
{"title":"Monitorowanie wypowiedzi a realizacja intencji w procesie mówienia","authors":"Szymon Bręński","doi":"10.14746/CIS.2020.50.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14746/CIS.2020.50.4","url":null,"abstract":"Speech production is complex and high organized process. It starts with some intention, which in following steps is transformed into articulated and audible form. Sometimes speech production fails and results in a speech error (or a slip of the tongue), which changes meaning of the utterance and disturbs the process of the realization of intention. However, speech monitoring helps to detect and repair the error with respect to the original intention of the speaker. Thus the speaking appears as a way of the realization of intention and the intention plays integrational function in relation to the process of speaking. According to Frydrychowicz (1999), the process of the realization of intention can be divided into several phases, distinguished by psychophysical features of speaking. He found that voice intensity is highest when the speaker is close to fully realizing the intention. The aim of the current study is to examine this voice intensity effect in relation to speech error repairs as speaking units which re-establish the process of the realization of intention. The question is, howthese corrections of the course of speech are reflected in the voice intensity? The results obtained from errors and repairs induced in the dual task paradigm show that voice intensity rises when the speaker makes a self-repair by speaking a correct word.","PeriodicalId":444061,"journal":{"name":"Człowiek i Społeczeństwo","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129462421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Language of aggression, which is the subject of this article, is closely linked with the concept of aggression. Aggression is understood as any form of behaviour directed at causing damage or causing injury to another living creature. The article presents a pilot study about aggressive language and behaviour of children from dysfunctional families. Sample consisted of 12 children, aged 7 through 12, from dysfunctional families. Competent referees made observation of children’s language and behaviour using observation questionnaire. The observation took part during their activities at a community day care social centre. The result showed that referees agreed that the children from the study sample often used aggressive language and behave aggressively. There is a lack of this kind of studies.
{"title":"Język agresji u dzieci z rodzin dysfunkcyjnych","authors":"Aleksandra Sileńska, Kamila Szpunar","doi":"10.14746/CIS.2020.50.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14746/CIS.2020.50.8","url":null,"abstract":"Language of aggression, which is the subject of this article, is closely linked with the concept of aggression. Aggression is understood as any form of behaviour directed at causing damage or causing injury to another living creature. The article presents a pilot study about aggressive language and behaviour of children from dysfunctional families. Sample consisted of 12 children, aged 7 through 12, from dysfunctional families. Competent referees made observation of children’s language and behaviour using observation questionnaire. The observation took part during their activities at a community day care social centre. The result showed that referees agreed that the children from the study sample often used aggressive language and behave aggressively. There is a lack of this kind of studies.","PeriodicalId":444061,"journal":{"name":"Człowiek i Społeczeństwo","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129081790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The aim of this paper is to present theories, current research on the forms and importance of a mother’s communication with her child in a prenatal period, and discuss the results of own research in this area. In the research, the Communication with a Prenatal Child Questionnaire was used which measures six forms of prenatal communication. Prenatal communication is significant for both a mother and a child in her womb. Thanks to prenatal communication the mother can explore more consciously the challenges of pregnancy which are preparatory tasks for the role of a parent and the child develops better. The mother learns how to express her feelings non-verbally through empathy, facial expressions, touch, synchrony, and intuition. After childbirth, she can use the forms of communication from the prenatal period.
{"title":"Komunikacja matki z dzieckiem w okresie prenatalnym","authors":"Joanna Matuszczak-Świgoń, Anna Kowalska-Żelewska","doi":"10.14746/CIS.2020.50.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14746/CIS.2020.50.6","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this paper is to present theories, current research on the forms and importance of a mother’s communication with her child in a prenatal period, and discuss the results of own research in this area. In the research, the Communication with a Prenatal Child Questionnaire was used which measures six forms of prenatal communication. Prenatal communication is significant for both a mother and a child in her womb. Thanks to prenatal communication the mother can explore more consciously the challenges of pregnancy which are preparatory tasks for the role of a parent and the child develops better. The mother learns how to express her feelings non-verbally through empathy, facial expressions, touch, synchrony, and intuition. After childbirth, she can use the forms of communication from the prenatal period.","PeriodicalId":444061,"journal":{"name":"Człowiek i Społeczeństwo","volume":"48 23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124221208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The aim of this paper was to discuss competent communication, specifically humorous statements containing ambiguity. Attention was brought to difficulties when deciding between informative and humorous manners of communication. It is not easy to differentiate between the two manners, which means we do not always adjust to the correct manner when speaking with our conversationalist. It brings special difficulties, when the communicator knowingly does not state what manner his speech should be received in. Farther, we cannot always form a phrase in a certain manner, even if the manner is known to us, which can lead to further issues in communication. Communication competency, including humour competency is not only the ability to understand and appreciate the humorous aspect in the message, but also the ability to formulate a humorous statement appropriate for the situation and to the aims raised by an individual.
{"title":"Niejednoznaczność wypowiedzi humorystycznych a kompetentne komunikowanie się","authors":"A. Kucharski","doi":"10.14746/CIS.2020.50.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14746/CIS.2020.50.5","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this paper was to discuss competent communication, specifically humorous statements containing ambiguity. Attention was brought to difficulties when deciding between informative and humorous manners of communication. It is not easy to differentiate between the two manners, which means we do not always adjust to the correct manner when speaking with our conversationalist. It brings special difficulties, when the communicator knowingly does not state what manner his speech should be received in. Farther, we cannot always form a phrase in a certain manner, even if the manner is known to us, which can lead to further issues in communication. Communication competency, including humour competency is not only the ability to understand and appreciate the humorous aspect in the message, but also the ability to formulate a humorous statement appropriate for the situation and to the aims raised by an individual.","PeriodicalId":444061,"journal":{"name":"Człowiek i Społeczeństwo","volume":"217 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115589813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The main purpose of this study was to check whether there are relationships between the partner’s communication behaviours and online activity. The aspect of online activity was divided into: self-disclosure, support-seeking, making and keeping interpersonal contacts. To measure it, an authorial tool was used, called the Questionnaire of Activity in The Internet’s Social Space. In order to measure the partner’s communication behaviours, the Communication in Marriage Questionnaire (Kaźmierczak and Plopa) was used. It includes the following dimensions: support, commitment, depreciation. It was assumed that the partner’s depreciation will correlate positively, and both the partner’s support and commitment negatively with individual dimensions of online activity. The group of respondents consisted 85 women and 63 men, aged 19 to 71. The results showed that there is a positive correlation between partner’s depreciation and also a negative correlation between partner’s support and online supportseeking. No other hypotheses regarding the relationship between partner’s communication and online activity were confirmed. The correlation between the partner’s commitment and online self-disclosure turned out to be positive and therefore opposite to the assumption. Age was considered a variable that could have an impact on this unexpected result, as it negatively correlates with both the partner’s commitment and all dimensions of online activity.
{"title":"Jakość komunikacji w związku a kompensująca rola aktywności w sieci","authors":"Kinga Siemiątkowska, Monika Obrębska","doi":"10.14746/CIS.2020.50.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14746/CIS.2020.50.9","url":null,"abstract":"The main purpose of this study was to check whether there are relationships between the partner’s communication behaviours and online activity. The aspect of online activity was divided into: self-disclosure, support-seeking, making and keeping interpersonal contacts. To measure it, an authorial tool was used, called the Questionnaire of Activity in The Internet’s Social Space. In order to measure the partner’s communication behaviours, the Communication in Marriage Questionnaire (Kaźmierczak and Plopa) was used. It includes the following dimensions: support, commitment, depreciation. It was assumed that the partner’s depreciation will correlate positively, and both the partner’s support and commitment negatively with individual dimensions of online activity. The group of respondents consisted 85 women and 63 men, aged 19 to 71. The results showed that there is a positive correlation between partner’s depreciation and also a negative correlation between partner’s support and online supportseeking. No other hypotheses regarding the relationship between partner’s communication and online activity were confirmed. The correlation between the partner’s commitment and online self-disclosure turned out to be positive and therefore opposite to the assumption. Age was considered a variable that could have an impact on this unexpected result, as it negatively correlates with both the partner’s commitment and all dimensions of online activity.","PeriodicalId":444061,"journal":{"name":"Człowiek i Społeczeństwo","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126280021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The thesis of this paper is that Polish humanities exists and is doing well in institutional sense but at the same time it has no social impact. That being so, on one hand we have dozens if not hundreds of units in which thousands of academics work. On the other hand we observe a limited external influence of these institutions and their employees. This impressive institutional and at the same time personal development seems to ignore external goals and functions or undervalue them in comparison to the institutions’ own development and functioning. There are many reasons for this, and not only academic institutions themselves should be blamed for it. It can be claimed that the modern world seems to see humanities as something inimportant, and it happens due to various conditions. One can see a parallel between the satae of the humanities and the state of the culture in general with the whole socio-cultural context, including the humanities. The article consists of five parts. The first one is about the reasons of the humanities institutional development. In the second part, I refer to the character of social sciences and humanities. In the third part, I mention the motivation to practice them. The fourth part deals with external conditions of practicing social sciences and humanities, and the fifth with their important tasks.
{"title":"Humanistyka – pomiędzy profesją a misją","authors":"M. Golka","doi":"10.14746/cis.2020.49.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14746/cis.2020.49.5","url":null,"abstract":"The thesis of this paper is that Polish humanities exists and is doing well in institutional sense but at the same time it has no social impact. That being so, on one hand we have dozens if not hundreds of units in which thousands of academics work. On the other hand we observe a limited external influence of these institutions and their employees. This impressive institutional and at the same time personal development seems to ignore external goals and functions or undervalue them in comparison to the institutions’ own development and functioning. There are many reasons for this, and not only academic institutions themselves should be blamed for it. It can be claimed that the modern world seems to see humanities as something inimportant, and it happens due to various conditions. One can see a parallel between the satae of the humanities and the state of the culture in general with the whole socio-cultural context, including the humanities. The article consists of five parts. The first one is about the reasons of the humanities institutional development. In the second part, I refer to the character of social sciences and humanities. In the third part, I mention the motivation to practice them. The fourth part deals with external conditions of practicing social sciences and humanities, and the fifth with their important tasks.","PeriodicalId":444061,"journal":{"name":"Człowiek i Społeczeństwo","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126611045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Monika Obrębska, Grzegorz Dziamski Grzegorz Dziamski
Wprowadzenie. Humanistyka jutra
导言。未来的人文学科
{"title":"Wprowadzenie","authors":"Monika Obrębska, Grzegorz Dziamski Grzegorz Dziamski","doi":"10.14746/cis.2020.49.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14746/cis.2020.49.1","url":null,"abstract":"Wprowadzenie. Humanistyka jutra","PeriodicalId":444061,"journal":{"name":"Człowiek i Społeczeństwo","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130643477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：