Zusammenfassung Im vorliegenden Beitrag wird eine besondere Gefäßgruppe aus der früh- bis mittelbronzezeitlichen befestigten Bergsiedlung von Monkodonja nahe Rovinj an der Westküste der Halbinsel Istrien in Kroatien behandelt, und zwar Miniaturgefäße. Unter den Miniaturgefäßen aus Monkodonja lassen sich verschiedene Typengruppen unterscheiden, grobe fingerhut- oder schälchenförmige Objekte, sorgsam gearbeitete Nachahmungen großer Gefäße sowie verschiedene Formen an sehr kleinen, miniaturisierten, Gefäßen wie Krüge, Becher und Kantharoi. Analysen mittels energiedispersiver Röntgenspektroskopie (EDX) und Rasterelektronenmikroskop (SEM) an weißen Krusten, die im Inneren von Fragmenten kleiner Trinkgefäße entdeckt wurden legen nahe, dass die Gefäße einst Substanzen enthielten, die mit Knochenmehl versetzt waren. Mit Ausblick auf archäometrische Untersuchungen an Wandfragmenten mit Bemalung aus Monkodonja sowie an Rückständen an anderen früh- und mittelbronzezeitlichen und äneolithischen Miniaturgefäßen werden die verschiedenen Verwendungsmöglichkeiten der Gefäße diskutiert. Ebenfalls miteinbezogen werden Studien bezüglich des Vorkommens und der Verwendung von Miniaturgefäßen in anderen Regionen des bronzezeitlichen Kommunikationsraumes sowie in anderen Zeitperioden.
摘要 本文论述了克罗地亚伊斯特拉半岛西海岸罗维尼附近早、中期青铜时代山顶防御定居点蒙科多尼亚出土的一类特殊器皿，即微型器皿。蒙科多尼亚出土的微型器皿可分为不同的类型：粗顶针形或碗形器物、精心制作的大型器皿仿制品以及各种形式的极小型微型器皿，如壶、烧杯和坎塔罗伊。利用能量色散 X 射线光谱（EDX）和扫描电子显微镜（SEM）对小型饮酒器皿碎片内发现的白色结壳进行的分析表明，这些器皿曾经装有混合骨粉的物质。通过对蒙科多尼亚（Monkodonja）出土的带有绘画的墙壁碎片以及其他早、中青铜时代和埃涅利石器时代小型器皿残留物进行考古调查，讨论了这些器皿的各种可能用途。此外，还包括对青铜时代交流区其他地区和其他时期出现和使用微型器皿的研究。
{"title":"Votive, Spielzeug, Gussformen, oder …? Zu den bronzezeitlichen Miniaturgefäßen in Istrien (Kroatien)","authors":"Anja Hellmuth Kramberger","doi":"10.1515/pz-2024-2010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/pz-2024-2010","url":null,"abstract":"Zusammenfassung Im vorliegenden Beitrag wird eine besondere Gefäßgruppe aus der früh- bis mittelbronzezeitlichen befestigten Bergsiedlung von Monkodonja nahe Rovinj an der Westküste der Halbinsel Istrien in Kroatien behandelt, und zwar Miniaturgefäße. Unter den Miniaturgefäßen aus Monkodonja lassen sich verschiedene Typengruppen unterscheiden, grobe fingerhut- oder schälchenförmige Objekte, sorgsam gearbeitete Nachahmungen großer Gefäße sowie verschiedene Formen an sehr kleinen, miniaturisierten, Gefäßen wie Krüge, Becher und Kantharoi. Analysen mittels energiedispersiver Röntgenspektroskopie (EDX) und Rasterelektronenmikroskop (SEM) an weißen Krusten, die im Inneren von Fragmenten kleiner Trinkgefäße entdeckt wurden legen nahe, dass die Gefäße einst Substanzen enthielten, die mit Knochenmehl versetzt waren. Mit Ausblick auf archäometrische Untersuchungen an Wandfragmenten mit Bemalung aus Monkodonja sowie an Rückständen an anderen früh- und mittelbronzezeitlichen und äneolithischen Miniaturgefäßen werden die verschiedenen Verwendungsmöglichkeiten der Gefäße diskutiert. Ebenfalls miteinbezogen werden Studien bezüglich des Vorkommens und der Verwendung von Miniaturgefäßen in anderen Regionen des bronzezeitlichen Kommunikationsraumes sowie in anderen Zeitperioden.","PeriodicalId":44421,"journal":{"name":"Praehistorische Zeitschrift","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141356613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Johan Ling, Mikael Fauvelle, Knut Ivar Austvoll, Boel Bengtsson, Linn Nordvall, Christian Horn
The boat stands out as a prominent symbol of the Nordic Bronze Age, depicted at thousands of rock art sites and on several metal objects throughout Scandinavia. Paradoxically, direct evidence of these boats is scarce, and the locations where boats were constructed remain largely elusive. In this paper, we put forth the proposition that many ostensibly mislabelled cooking pits along the coast might actually be remnants of steaming pits employed in boat building. By drawing on analogous parallels from ethnography and examining three Bronze Age cases from the western coast of Sweden and Eastern Norway, we hypothesize that sizable pits near the sea, characterized by fire-cracked stones and charcoal, are indicative of prehistoric boat building sites. Additionally, these results align with a broader objective of our paper, aiming to challenge the prevailing terrestrial narrative in archaeology, which has impeded the interpretive potential for comprehending maritime societies throughout prehistory.
{"title":"Where are the missing boatyards? Steaming pits as boat building sites in the Nordic Bronze Age","authors":"Johan Ling, Mikael Fauvelle, Knut Ivar Austvoll, Boel Bengtsson, Linn Nordvall, Christian Horn","doi":"10.1515/pz-2024-2005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/pz-2024-2005","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The boat stands out as a prominent symbol of the Nordic Bronze Age, depicted at thousands of rock art sites and on several metal objects throughout Scandinavia. Paradoxically, direct evidence of these boats is scarce, and the locations where boats were constructed remain largely elusive. In this paper, we put forth the proposition that many ostensibly mislabelled cooking pits along the coast might actually be remnants of steaming pits employed in boat building. By drawing on analogous parallels from ethnography and examining three Bronze Age cases from the western coast of Sweden and Eastern Norway, we hypothesize that sizable pits near the sea, characterized by fire-cracked stones and charcoal, are indicative of prehistoric boat building sites. Additionally, these results align with a broader objective of our paper, aiming to challenge the prevailing terrestrial narrative in archaeology, which has impeded the interpretive potential for comprehending maritime societies throughout prehistory.","PeriodicalId":44421,"journal":{"name":"Praehistorische Zeitschrift","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140978296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This survey of archaeological and onomastic evidence, prominently including Style I–III animal art, aims at identifying the most promising locations where elite manorial settlements of the period AD 375–1125 can be expected in the Medieval Swedish province of Närke. One such site of c. AD 600–800 has been partly excavated at Husby in Glanshammar. This parish is one of six that stand out by their unusually rich, numerous and sustained elite indications. A recent campaign of large intensive metal detector investigations has proven both a boon and a bias in terms of new evidence. None of the six most promising parishes would however fall off the elite map even without the new metal detector finds. Of the place names, Tuna appears to be irrelevant to Närke’s elite, while two out of three Husby names correlate with Viking Period elite indicators.
{"title":"Power in Närke. Elite settlement and animal art AD 150–1125 in a Swedish province","authors":"M. Rundkvist","doi":"10.1515/pz-2024-2004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/pz-2024-2004","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This survey of archaeological and onomastic evidence, prominently including Style I–III animal art, aims at identifying the most promising locations where elite manorial settlements of the period AD 375–1125 can be expected in the Medieval Swedish province of Närke. One such site of c. AD 600–800 has been partly excavated at Husby in Glanshammar. This parish is one of six that stand out by their unusually rich, numerous and sustained elite indications. A recent campaign of large intensive metal detector investigations has proven both a boon and a bias in terms of new evidence. None of the six most promising parishes would however fall off the elite map even without the new metal detector finds. Of the place names, Tuna appears to be irrelevant to Närke’s elite, while two out of three Husby names correlate with Viking Period elite indicators.","PeriodicalId":44421,"journal":{"name":"Praehistorische Zeitschrift","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141003987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Michael Meyer, Octavian Munteanu, Vasile Iarmulschi, Torben Schatte
The Poieneşti-Lucaşeuca-culture (late 3rd to second half of the 1st century BC), which is distributed in the forest steppe between the east Carpathian Mountains and the river Dniestr, is seen as the result of an immigration of groups from the Jastorf area in North-East Germany. This concept is based on cemeteries: both the form of the grave4s and their material culture (ceramics, jewellery, costume) are foreign in the area, but show clear connections to the North and the North-West. Up to now large settlement excavations are missing that would allow for an evaluation of that concept based on settlement and economic structures as well as on the material culture of everyday life. The project that is presented here with first results, aims to that desideratum. With surveys and test excavations as a starting point on different sites in Central part of Republic of Moldova, the authors are excavating the Poieneşti-Lucaşeuca settlement of Ivancea-Sub Pădure on a large scale. The project is funded by Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft. The paper presents first results like different post buildings and pit dwellings, the spectrum of small finds and a selection of the numerous ceramics including greek imports, and discusses the connectivity that becomes visible. The post buildings have no regional parallels and seem to have the best parallels in the Northwest. In opposite to that the small finds show a broad entanglement especially to the south and West and thus contradict the evidence from the grave. Also, in opposite to the graves the settlement ceramics show clear regional traditions, bus also relations to the North and the Northeast.
{"title":"Beyond cemeteries – excavation of a settlement of Poieneşti-Lucaşeuca Culture in Ivancea, Republic of Moldova","authors":"Michael Meyer, Octavian Munteanu, Vasile Iarmulschi, Torben Schatte","doi":"10.1515/pz-2024-2002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/pz-2024-2002","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The Poieneşti-Lucaşeuca-culture (late 3rd to second half of the 1st century BC), which is distributed in the forest steppe between the east Carpathian Mountains and the river Dniestr, is seen as the result of an immigration of groups from the Jastorf area in North-East Germany. This concept is based on cemeteries: both the form of the grave4s and their material culture (ceramics, jewellery, costume) are foreign in the area, but show clear connections to the North and the North-West. Up to now large settlement excavations are missing that would allow for an evaluation of that concept based on settlement and economic structures as well as on the material culture of everyday life. The project that is presented here with first results, aims to that desideratum. With surveys and test excavations as a starting point on different sites in Central part of Republic of Moldova, the authors are excavating the Poieneşti-Lucaşeuca settlement of Ivancea-Sub Pădure on a large scale. The project is funded by Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft.\u0000 The paper presents first results like different post buildings and pit dwellings, the spectrum of small finds and a selection of the numerous ceramics including greek imports, and discusses the connectivity that becomes visible. The post buildings have no regional parallels and seem to have the best parallels in the Northwest. In opposite to that the small finds show a broad entanglement especially to the south and West and thus contradict the evidence from the grave. Also, in opposite to the graves the settlement ceramics show clear regional traditions, bus also relations to the North and the Northeast.","PeriodicalId":44421,"journal":{"name":"Praehistorische Zeitschrift","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140661273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Helle Vandkilde, Clara Fischer Stephansen, P. Suchowska‐Ducke, L. Ahlqvist, Casper Skaaning Andersen, Louise Felding, Mathias Bjørnevad-Ahlqvist, Janusz Czebreszuk, H. W. Nørgaard
Baltic amber is often considered the principal Scandinavian commodity exchanged for metal from ore-rich regions in Europe. If correct, this may explain the astonishing metal wealth of the Nordic Bronze Age and the modest social consumption of amber locally. The hypothesis of a metal-for-amber principle behind the trade is here for the first time assessed on scales from micro to macro. Amber finds were charted across Europe, and the result was then compared to evidence for regular shifts in copper ore preferences/availability, as found in the systematically changing isotopic/elemental composition of Nordic metal objects in c. 2100–1200 BC. Comparisons indicate that amber and metal followed similar spatiotemporal trajectories with major reorganizations at the turn from the Early to the Middle Bronze Age. Shifts in amber distribution correlate with the geography of metal sources used in both periods and flows of metal to Scandinavia and amber to Europe appear to be contingent even in subperiods. Major European amber tracks – and the crossroads hubs controlling them – were identified for the transfer of goods, yet again revealing major changes at the transition to the Middle Bronze Age. The social roles and meanings of amber among Nordic communities were likewise examined, suggesting that bearers of amber played a role in exercising social control of this resource. It is concluded that amber almost certainly was exchanged for metal.
{"title":"Metal-for-Amber in the European Bronze Age","authors":"Helle Vandkilde, Clara Fischer Stephansen, P. Suchowska‐Ducke, L. Ahlqvist, Casper Skaaning Andersen, Louise Felding, Mathias Bjørnevad-Ahlqvist, Janusz Czebreszuk, H. W. Nørgaard","doi":"10.1515/pz-2024-2003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/pz-2024-2003","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Baltic amber is often considered the principal Scandinavian commodity exchanged for metal from ore-rich regions in Europe. If correct, this may explain the astonishing metal wealth of the Nordic Bronze Age and the modest social consumption of amber locally. The hypothesis of a metal-for-amber principle behind the trade is here for the first time assessed on scales from micro to macro. Amber finds were charted across Europe, and the result was then compared to evidence for regular shifts in copper ore preferences/availability, as found in the systematically changing isotopic/elemental composition of Nordic metal objects in c. 2100–1200 BC. Comparisons indicate that amber and metal followed similar spatiotemporal trajectories with major reorganizations at the turn from the Early to the Middle Bronze Age. Shifts in amber distribution correlate with the geography of metal sources used in both periods and flows of metal to Scandinavia and amber to Europe appear to be contingent even in subperiods. Major European amber tracks – and the crossroads hubs controlling them – were identified for the transfer of goods, yet again revealing major changes at the transition to the Middle Bronze Age. The social roles and meanings of amber among Nordic communities were likewise examined, suggesting that bearers of amber played a role in exercising social control of this resource. It is concluded that amber almost certainly was exchanged for metal.","PeriodicalId":44421,"journal":{"name":"Praehistorische Zeitschrift","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140668209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Anja Behrens, Moritz Mennenga, Steffen Wolters, Annette Siegmüller, M. Karle, Piere Leon Frederiks
In the Elbe-Weser Triangle, located in the north-west of Germany and framed by the rivers Elbe and Weser, a total of approx. 350 megaliths of the Funnel Beaker Culture (FBC) have been identified. Despite their large number there is little knowledge about the monuments themselves, their architecture or their history of use. This lack of information is partly attributed to widespread destruction or disturbance of the megaliths located in the open landscape during the past centuries. Other monuments have been covered by bog or clay deposits of marine inundations and thus have not been investigated or even found, yet. However, due to intense draining measures within the bog area of Ahlen-Falkenberg, dist. Cuxhaven several megalithic graves were discovered in the past decades, revealing a protected burial landscape of the 4th and 3rd millennium BC. This paper focuses on three passage graves, which have been examined in the scope of a research project in the years 2019–2022. The fieldwork has brought to light well preserved elements of the original burial structures, including a protective massive stone packing around the chambers. We were further able to identify and typochronologically date different burial activities of the FBC, as well as activities related to people associated with the Single Grave Culture. The latter seem to have had massive impact on the monuments and their accessibility. In the light of environmental changes in the Neolithic, the reconstruction of the monuments biographies was attempted. In sum the monuments show individual, local and regional traditions that were embedded in a supra-regional FBC network.
{"title":"Six feet under – the Funnel Beaker megalithic graves under the Ahlen-Falkenberger Moor, Germany","authors":"Anja Behrens, Moritz Mennenga, Steffen Wolters, Annette Siegmüller, M. Karle, Piere Leon Frederiks","doi":"10.1515/pz-2023-2044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/pz-2023-2044","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 In the Elbe-Weser Triangle, located in the north-west of Germany and framed by the rivers Elbe and Weser, a total of approx. 350 megaliths of the Funnel Beaker Culture (FBC) have been identified. Despite their large number there is little knowledge about the monuments themselves, their architecture or their history of use. This lack of information is partly attributed to widespread destruction or disturbance of the megaliths located in the open landscape during the past centuries. Other monuments have been covered by bog or clay deposits of marine inundations and thus have not been investigated or even found, yet. However, due to intense draining measures within the bog area of Ahlen-Falkenberg, dist. Cuxhaven several megalithic graves were discovered in the past decades, revealing a protected burial landscape of the 4th and 3rd millennium BC. This paper focuses on three passage graves, which have been examined in the scope of a research project in the years 2019–2022. The fieldwork has brought to light well preserved elements of the original burial structures, including a protective massive stone packing around the chambers. We were further able to identify and typochronologically date different burial activities of the FBC, as well as activities related to people associated with the Single Grave Culture. The latter seem to have had massive impact on the monuments and their accessibility. In the light of environmental changes in the Neolithic, the reconstruction of the monuments biographies was attempted. In sum the monuments show individual, local and regional traditions that were embedded in a supra-regional FBC network.","PeriodicalId":44421,"journal":{"name":"Praehistorische Zeitschrift","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140671421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Many years of archaeological excavation brought to light a rich material, that can be used in research of topics important from a social and economic point of view, such as the character of the production and/or organization, the development of technique and production technology, or the assortment of goods. A deep analysis of the selected categories of artifacts, in this case made of leather, can be used for a double purpose – a reconstruction of the process and conditions of early medieval leather craft formation, as well as a presentation of their role and significance in the activity structure of the inhabitants of Szczecin. Such an attempt to grasp the rules governing the development of one of the most important production branches – leatherworking, has been undertaken on the basis of leather objects that can be found on a mass scale in Szczecin’s cultural layers dated for the period from the early 10th to the mid-13th century. Key to these studies are the results of zoological analyses, which perfectly complement the archaeological conclusions.
{"title":"Why together? Archaeology and zoology about medieval leather products on the example of Szczecin","authors":"Anna Bogumiła Kowalska","doi":"10.1515/pz-2024-2007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/pz-2024-2007","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Many years of archaeological excavation brought to light a rich material, that can be used in research of topics important from a social and economic point of view, such as the character of the production and/or organization, the development of technique and production technology, or the assortment of goods. A deep analysis of the selected categories of artifacts, in this case made of leather, can be used for a double purpose – a reconstruction of the process and conditions of early medieval leather craft formation, as well as a presentation of their role and significance in the activity structure of the inhabitants of Szczecin. Such an attempt to grasp the rules governing the development of one of the most important production branches – leatherworking, has been undertaken on the basis of leather objects that can be found on a mass scale in Szczecin’s cultural layers dated for the period from the early 10th to the mid-13th century. Key to these studies are the results of zoological analyses, which perfectly complement the archaeological conclusions.","PeriodicalId":44421,"journal":{"name":"Praehistorische Zeitschrift","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140697644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Amber appears in the archaeological material of the Eastern Baltic region in the Middle Neolithic and continues in intensive use until the end of the Neolithic. Four major amber-working centres are known in the Eastern Baltic, the least studied of which is the settlement of Siliņupe (4th mill. BC). Not yet widely applied in research on Stone Age amber technologies, but very promising, is an analytical approach combining experimental archaeology and traceology to study processing choices made in specific production stages (i. e., individual technological elements), revealing that fine-grained sandstone was favoured for surface grinding, while flint tools were most widely used for shaping and surface treatment, distinguishing three techniques, namely shaving, scraping and pressure flaking, each identifiable by characteristic features. The study suggests that amber and flint processing were largely intertwined, as pressure flaking along with indirect percussion (used for splitting amber) derive from flint processing, and in the case of pressure flaking, required specific know-how.
{"title":"An experimental approach to the study of amber processing in the Neolithic: technical analysis of the Siliņupe amber assemblage, 4\u0000 th\u0000 mill. BC, Latvia","authors":"Agnese Čakare","doi":"10.1515/pz-2023-2037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/pz-2023-2037","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Amber appears in the archaeological material of the Eastern Baltic region in the Middle Neolithic and continues in intensive use until the end of the Neolithic. Four major amber-working centres are known in the Eastern Baltic, the least studied of which is the settlement of Siliņupe (4th mill. BC). Not yet widely applied in research on Stone Age amber technologies, but very promising, is an analytical approach combining experimental archaeology and traceology to study processing choices made in specific production stages (i. e., individual technological elements), revealing that fine-grained sandstone was favoured for surface grinding, while flint tools were most widely used for shaping and surface treatment, distinguishing three techniques, namely shaving, scraping and pressure flaking, each identifiable by characteristic features. The study suggests that amber and flint processing were largely intertwined, as pressure flaking along with indirect percussion (used for splitting amber) derive from flint processing, and in the case of pressure flaking, required specific know-how.","PeriodicalId":44421,"journal":{"name":"Praehistorische Zeitschrift","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140697176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In dieser Studie wird ein „östlicher“ Spiegel mit zentraler Schleife untersucht, der mit dem Typ Berjozovka-Carnuntum-Mödling verwandt ist und kürzlich in Secuieni, Kreis Bacău, Rumänien, entdeckt wurde. Diese Spiegel sind bei Nomadenstämmen verbreitet. Sie wurden vor allem im nördlichen Kaukasus sowie nördlich und nordwestlich des Schwarzen Meeres gefunden. Die Spiegel kamen während der Völkerwanderung nach Europa und begleiteten die Alanen und die hunnischen Stämme nach Osten. Im 5. Jh. n. Chr. wurden sie vor allem im mittleren und unteren Donauraum gefunden. Die meisten Spiegel stammen aus Frauengräbern, oft mit künstlich deformierten Schädeln, die mit Prestigegegenständen (wie großen Silberfibeln mit halbkreisförmigen Kopfplatten, Adlerfibeln, Golddiademen, granulierten Ohrringen, Perlen usw.) bestattet wurden. In Rumänien sind nur zwölf solcher Spiegel dokumentiert, und in der Region Moldau (Rumänien, Region zwischen Ostkarpaten und Pruth) nur einer in fragmentarischer Form. Der neu entdeckte Spiegel von Secuieni ist daher von großem archäologischen Wert und wirft ein Licht auf die archäologische Landschaft der Völkerwanderungszeit östlich der Karpaten und weit darüber hinaus, bis nach China.
{"title":"Reflections in time: Migration Period mirror recently found east of the Carpathians","authors":"Lavinia Grumeza, S. Țurcanu","doi":"10.1515/pz-2023-2039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/pz-2023-2039","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 In dieser Studie wird ein „östlicher“ Spiegel mit zentraler Schleife untersucht, der mit dem Typ Berjozovka-Carnuntum-Mödling verwandt ist und kürzlich in Secuieni, Kreis Bacău, Rumänien, entdeckt wurde. Diese Spiegel sind bei Nomadenstämmen verbreitet. Sie wurden vor allem im nördlichen Kaukasus sowie nördlich und nordwestlich des Schwarzen Meeres gefunden. Die Spiegel kamen während der Völkerwanderung nach Europa und begleiteten die Alanen und die hunnischen Stämme nach Osten. Im 5. Jh. n. Chr. wurden sie vor allem im mittleren und unteren Donauraum gefunden. Die meisten Spiegel stammen aus Frauengräbern, oft mit künstlich deformierten Schädeln, die mit Prestigegegenständen (wie großen Silberfibeln mit halbkreisförmigen Kopfplatten, Adlerfibeln, Golddiademen, granulierten Ohrringen, Perlen usw.) bestattet wurden. In Rumänien sind nur zwölf solcher Spiegel dokumentiert, und in der Region Moldau (Rumänien, Region zwischen Ostkarpaten und Pruth) nur einer in fragmentarischer Form. Der neu entdeckte Spiegel von Secuieni ist daher von großem archäologischen Wert und wirft ein Licht auf die archäologische Landschaft der Völkerwanderungszeit östlich der Karpaten und weit darüber hinaus, bis nach China.","PeriodicalId":44421,"journal":{"name":"Praehistorische Zeitschrift","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140714149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper focuses on the Older Bronze Age pottery of the Nordic Circle, which has so far been given a wide berth in research. Due to the insufficient amount of published material, the study applied the classical and yet often frowned upon type classification and brought it into dialogue with multivariate statistical analyses. This represents then the first overview study of the Older Bronze Age ceramic material of Schleswig-Holstein and it is even more relevant, because it can can be helpful for later refinements and the classification of further material. In addition to the elaboration of ten vessel categories, which in turn could be subdivided into different numbers of types and type variants, the study makes clear how pottery production gains during the course of the Older Bronze Age in variety of form, size and expression. Links between this increasing complexity and the change in burial customs around 1300 BCE are also highlighted in relation to other changes in this period that have already been identified in the context of intensive transformation research in this region, so that the relevance of an examination of Older Bronze Age pottery becomes even clearer.
{"title":"The Evil Twin: Older Bronze Age Ceramic Typology of the Nordic Circle","authors":"Stefanie Schaefer-Di Maida","doi":"10.1515/pz-2023-2035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/pz-2023-2035","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This paper focuses on the Older Bronze Age pottery of the Nordic Circle, which has so far been given a wide berth in research. Due to the insufficient amount of published material, the study applied the classical and yet often frowned upon type classification and brought it into dialogue with multivariate statistical analyses. This represents then the first overview study of the Older Bronze Age ceramic material of Schleswig-Holstein and it is even more relevant, because it can can be helpful for later refinements and the classification of further material. In addition to the elaboration of ten vessel categories, which in turn could be subdivided into different numbers of types and type variants, the study makes clear how pottery production gains during the course of the Older Bronze Age in variety of form, size and expression. Links between this increasing complexity and the change in burial customs around 1300 BCE are also highlighted in relation to other changes in this period that have already been identified in the context of intensive transformation research in this region, so that the relevance of an examination of Older Bronze Age pottery becomes even clearer.","PeriodicalId":44421,"journal":{"name":"Praehistorische Zeitschrift","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140734670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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