Pub Date : 2000-12-01DOI: 10.1109/NSSMIC.2000.949903
H. Aihara, M. Hazumi, H. Ishino, J. Kaneko, Y. Li, D. Marlow, S. Mikkelsen, D. Nguyen, E. Nygaard, H. Tajima, J. Talebi, G. Varner, H. Yamamoto, M. Yokoyama
Essential to the ongoing improvement in the vertexing capability of the Belle detector at the KEK-B Factory are evolutionary enhancements to the Silicon Vertex Detector (SVD). A critical component of this improvement has been the refinement of the successful Viking Architecture (VA) front-end electronics for adaptation to the high-luminosity, B-Factory environment. Specifically, improvements have focussed on the areas of improving radiation hardness and reducing the minimum shaping time. The adjustments allow for a substantially longer SVD lifetime at peak performance and the minimization of background occupancy, respectively. In addition, to increase the strip yield of our sensors, we have implemented two different techniques to allow for DC coupling of the VA chips. Results are reported on the success of this R&D program.
{"title":"Development of front-end electronics for Belle SVD Upgrades","authors":"H. Aihara, M. Hazumi, H. Ishino, J. Kaneko, Y. Li, D. Marlow, S. Mikkelsen, D. Nguyen, E. Nygaard, H. Tajima, J. Talebi, G. Varner, H. Yamamoto, M. Yokoyama","doi":"10.1109/NSSMIC.2000.949903","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NSSMIC.2000.949903","url":null,"abstract":"Essential to the ongoing improvement in the vertexing capability of the Belle detector at the KEK-B Factory are evolutionary enhancements to the Silicon Vertex Detector (SVD). A critical component of this improvement has been the refinement of the successful Viking Architecture (VA) front-end electronics for adaptation to the high-luminosity, B-Factory environment. Specifically, improvements have focussed on the areas of improving radiation hardness and reducing the minimum shaping time. The adjustments allow for a substantially longer SVD lifetime at peak performance and the minimization of background occupancy, respectively. In addition, to increase the strip yield of our sensors, we have implemented two different techniques to allow for DC coupling of the VA chips. Results are reported on the success of this R&D program.","PeriodicalId":445100,"journal":{"name":"2000 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium. Conference Record (Cat. No.00CH37149)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133583808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2000-12-01DOI: 10.1109/NSSMIC.2000.949333
A. Chatziioannou, Y. Tai, Y. Shao, N. Doshi, B. Silverman, K. Meadors, S. Cherry
Summary form only received as follows: The authors are currently developing a small animal PET scanner with a design goal of 1 mm/sup 3/ image resolution. They have built 3 pairs of detectors and tested performance in terms of crystal identification, spatial, energy and timing resolution. The detectors consisted of 12/spl times/12 arrays of 1/spl times/1/spl times/10 mm LSO crystals (1.15 mm pitch) coupled to Hamamatsu H7546 64 channel PMTs via 5 cm long coherent glass fiber bundles. Optical fiber connection is necessary to allow high packing fraction in a ring geometry scanner. Fiber bundles with and without extramural absorber (EMA) were tested. The results demonstrated an intrinsic spatial resolution of 1.12 mm (direct coupled LSO array), 1.23 mm (bundle without EMA) and 1.27 mm (bundle with EMA) using a -500 micron diameter Na-22 source. Using a 330 micron line source filled with F-18, intrinsic resolution for the EMA bundle improved to 1.05 mm. The respective timing and energy resolution values were 1.96 ns, 21% (direct coupled), 2.20 ns, 23% (bundle without EMA) and 2.99 ns, 30% (bundle with EMA). Peak-to-valley ratio in the flood histograms was better with EMA (5:1) compared to the bundle without EMA (2.1:1). These detectors substantially improve on the performance characteristics of the detectors in the authors' current microPET scanner.
{"title":"Coincidence measurements on detectors for microPET II: a 1 mm/sup 3/ resolution PET scanner for small animal imaging","authors":"A. Chatziioannou, Y. Tai, Y. Shao, N. Doshi, B. Silverman, K. Meadors, S. Cherry","doi":"10.1109/NSSMIC.2000.949333","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NSSMIC.2000.949333","url":null,"abstract":"Summary form only received as follows: The authors are currently developing a small animal PET scanner with a design goal of 1 mm/sup 3/ image resolution. They have built 3 pairs of detectors and tested performance in terms of crystal identification, spatial, energy and timing resolution. The detectors consisted of 12/spl times/12 arrays of 1/spl times/1/spl times/10 mm LSO crystals (1.15 mm pitch) coupled to Hamamatsu H7546 64 channel PMTs via 5 cm long coherent glass fiber bundles. Optical fiber connection is necessary to allow high packing fraction in a ring geometry scanner. Fiber bundles with and without extramural absorber (EMA) were tested. The results demonstrated an intrinsic spatial resolution of 1.12 mm (direct coupled LSO array), 1.23 mm (bundle without EMA) and 1.27 mm (bundle with EMA) using a -500 micron diameter Na-22 source. Using a 330 micron line source filled with F-18, intrinsic resolution for the EMA bundle improved to 1.05 mm. The respective timing and energy resolution values were 1.96 ns, 21% (direct coupled), 2.20 ns, 23% (bundle without EMA) and 2.99 ns, 30% (bundle with EMA). Peak-to-valley ratio in the flood histograms was better with EMA (5:1) compared to the bundle without EMA (2.1:1). These detectors substantially improve on the performance characteristics of the detectors in the authors' current microPET scanner.","PeriodicalId":445100,"journal":{"name":"2000 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium. Conference Record (Cat. No.00CH37149)","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127563246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2000-12-01DOI: 10.1109/NSSMIC.2000.949097
G. Wakabayashi, T. Kitano, H. Yanagawa, S. Aoki, M. Matoba, T. Sakae, Y. Watanabe, K. Sagara, N. Ikeda
A compact recoil proton counter telescope with two position sensitive proportional counters (PSPCs) for neutron spectrometry has been developed. This counter telescope consists of a radiator (a thin polyethylene film), two PSPCs used as /spl Delta/E detector and a Si-SSD used as E detector. Using the position information extracted from two PSPCs, the three-dimensional trajectory of the recoil proton and the recoil angle can be determined event by event. The performance of this counter telescope was tested by the measurement of 7.2 MeV neutrons produced from D-D reactions, and it was shown that the energy spectra of neutrons could be obtained by determining the energy of each incident neutron using a recoil angle.
{"title":"A ray-trace type counter telescope for neutron spectrometry","authors":"G. Wakabayashi, T. Kitano, H. Yanagawa, S. Aoki, M. Matoba, T. Sakae, Y. Watanabe, K. Sagara, N. Ikeda","doi":"10.1109/NSSMIC.2000.949097","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NSSMIC.2000.949097","url":null,"abstract":"A compact recoil proton counter telescope with two position sensitive proportional counters (PSPCs) for neutron spectrometry has been developed. This counter telescope consists of a radiator (a thin polyethylene film), two PSPCs used as /spl Delta/E detector and a Si-SSD used as E detector. Using the position information extracted from two PSPCs, the three-dimensional trajectory of the recoil proton and the recoil angle can be determined event by event. The performance of this counter telescope was tested by the measurement of 7.2 MeV neutrons produced from D-D reactions, and it was shown that the energy spectra of neutrons could be obtained by determining the energy of each incident neutron using a recoil angle.","PeriodicalId":445100,"journal":{"name":"2000 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium. Conference Record (Cat. No.00CH37149)","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125255779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2000-11-14DOI: 10.1109/NSSMIC.2000.949888
J. Andresen, M. Bishai, G. Cancelo, G. Derylo, R. Ely, J. Franzen, M. Garcia-Sciveres, Y. Gotra, R. Kwarciany, J. Pérez, A. Shenai, P. Shepard, K. Treptow, S. Zimmermann
The Collider Detector at Fermilab is approaching the completion of the Silicon Vertex Detector upgrade for Run II. The Port Card is a Beryllia multichip module developed to control, read out, and regulate power for the silicon strip readout chips. It has two rad-hard Application Specific Integrated Circuits, parallel fiber optic transmitters, and voltage regulators. It resides 14 cm from the accelerator beam inside the tracking volume. The function and location of the Port Card impose severe constraints on its design. This paper presents the Port Card, and describes the adopted solutions to address the main design issues, as well as the result of many characterization tests.
{"title":"The port card for the Silicon Vertex Detector upgrade of the Collider Detector at Fermilab","authors":"J. Andresen, M. Bishai, G. Cancelo, G. Derylo, R. Ely, J. Franzen, M. Garcia-Sciveres, Y. Gotra, R. Kwarciany, J. Pérez, A. Shenai, P. Shepard, K. Treptow, S. Zimmermann","doi":"10.1109/NSSMIC.2000.949888","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NSSMIC.2000.949888","url":null,"abstract":"The Collider Detector at Fermilab is approaching the completion of the Silicon Vertex Detector upgrade for Run II. The Port Card is a Beryllia multichip module developed to control, read out, and regulate power for the silicon strip readout chips. It has two rad-hard Application Specific Integrated Circuits, parallel fiber optic transmitters, and voltage regulators. It resides 14 cm from the accelerator beam inside the tracking volume. The function and location of the Port Card impose severe constraints on its design. This paper presents the Port Card, and describes the adopted solutions to address the main design issues, as well as the result of many characterization tests.","PeriodicalId":445100,"journal":{"name":"2000 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium. Conference Record (Cat. No.00CH37149)","volume":"96 13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127994552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2000-11-05DOI: 10.1109/NSSMIC.2000.949876
M. Pedrali-Noy, G. J. Gruber, B. Krieger, E. Mandelli, G. Meddeler, W. Moses, V. Rosso
We present architecture, critical design issues and performance measurements of PETRIC, a 64-channel mixed signal front-end integrated circuit (IC) for reading out photodiode (PD) array coupled with LSO scintillator crystals for a medical imaging application (PET). Each channel consists of a low noise charge sensitive pre-amplifier (CSA), an RC-CR pulse shaper and a winner-take-all (WTA) multiplexer that selects the channel with the largest input signal. Triggered by an external timing signal, a switch opens and a capacitor stores the peak voltage of the winner channel. The shaper rise and fall times are adjustable by means of external current inputs over a continuous range of 0.5 /spl mu/s to 10 /spl mu/s. Power consumption is 5.4 mW per channel, measured equivalent noise charge (ENC) at 1 /spl mu/s peaking time, zero leakage current is 33 rms electrons plus 7.3 rms electrons per pF of input capacitance. Design is fabricated in 0.5 /spl mu/m 3.3 V CMOS technology.
{"title":"PETRIC. A positron emission tomography readout integrated circuit","authors":"M. Pedrali-Noy, G. J. Gruber, B. Krieger, E. Mandelli, G. Meddeler, W. Moses, V. Rosso","doi":"10.1109/NSSMIC.2000.949876","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NSSMIC.2000.949876","url":null,"abstract":"We present architecture, critical design issues and performance measurements of PETRIC, a 64-channel mixed signal front-end integrated circuit (IC) for reading out photodiode (PD) array coupled with LSO scintillator crystals for a medical imaging application (PET). Each channel consists of a low noise charge sensitive pre-amplifier (CSA), an RC-CR pulse shaper and a winner-take-all (WTA) multiplexer that selects the channel with the largest input signal. Triggered by an external timing signal, a switch opens and a capacitor stores the peak voltage of the winner channel. The shaper rise and fall times are adjustable by means of external current inputs over a continuous range of 0.5 /spl mu/s to 10 /spl mu/s. Power consumption is 5.4 mW per channel, measured equivalent noise charge (ENC) at 1 /spl mu/s peaking time, zero leakage current is 33 rms electrons plus 7.3 rms electrons per pF of input capacitance. Design is fabricated in 0.5 /spl mu/m 3.3 V CMOS technology.","PeriodicalId":445100,"journal":{"name":"2000 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium. Conference Record (Cat. No.00CH37149)","volume":"120 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128033547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2000-11-04DOI: 10.1109/NSSMIC.2000.949189
J. Huber, S. Derenzo, J. Qi, W. Moses, R. Huesman, T. Budinger
Summary form only received as follows. The authors present a conceptual design of a compact positron tomograph for prostate imaging, using a pair of external curved detector banks placed above and below the patient. The lower detector bank is fixed below the patient bed, and the top bank adjusts vertically for maximum sensitivity and patient access. Each bank is composed of 40 HR+PET block detectors, forming two arcs (44 cm minor, /spl sim/60 cm major axis) that are tilted to minimize attenuation and positioned as close as possible to the patient to improve sensitivity. The individual detectors are angled to point towards the prostate to minimize resolution degradation in that region. Inter-plane septa extend /spl sim/5 cm beyond the scintillator crystals to reduce random and scatter backgrounds. A patient is not fully encircled by detector rings in order to minimize cost, causing incomplete sampling due to the side gaps. Monte Carlo simulation (including randoms and scatter) demonstrates the feasibility to detect a spherical tumor of 2.5 cm diameter with a tumor to background of 2:1, requiring a number of counts that should be achievable with a 2 minute scan after a 10 mCi injection (e.g. carbon-11 choline).
{"title":"Conceptual design of a compact positron tomograph for prostate imaging","authors":"J. Huber, S. Derenzo, J. Qi, W. Moses, R. Huesman, T. Budinger","doi":"10.1109/NSSMIC.2000.949189","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NSSMIC.2000.949189","url":null,"abstract":"Summary form only received as follows. The authors present a conceptual design of a compact positron tomograph for prostate imaging, using a pair of external curved detector banks placed above and below the patient. The lower detector bank is fixed below the patient bed, and the top bank adjusts vertically for maximum sensitivity and patient access. Each bank is composed of 40 HR+PET block detectors, forming two arcs (44 cm minor, /spl sim/60 cm major axis) that are tilted to minimize attenuation and positioned as close as possible to the patient to improve sensitivity. The individual detectors are angled to point towards the prostate to minimize resolution degradation in that region. Inter-plane septa extend /spl sim/5 cm beyond the scintillator crystals to reduce random and scatter backgrounds. A patient is not fully encircled by detector rings in order to minimize cost, causing incomplete sampling due to the side gaps. Monte Carlo simulation (including randoms and scatter) demonstrates the feasibility to detect a spherical tumor of 2.5 cm diameter with a tumor to background of 2:1, requiring a number of counts that should be achievable with a 2 minute scan after a 10 mCi injection (e.g. carbon-11 choline).","PeriodicalId":445100,"journal":{"name":"2000 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium. Conference Record (Cat. No.00CH37149)","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121775804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2000-11-04DOI: 10.1109/NSSMIC.2000.950022
W. Moses, J. Young, K. Baker, W. Jones, M. Lenox, M. Ho, M. Weng
Summary form only received as follows: Describes the electronics for a high performance Positron Emission Mammography (PEM) camera. It is based on the electronics for a human brain PET camera (the Siemens/CTI HRRT), modified to use a detector module that incorporates a photodiode (PD) array. An ASIC services the PD array, amplifying its signal and identifying the crystal of interaction. Another ASIC services the photomultiplier tube (PMT), measuring its output and providing a timing signal. FPGAs and lookup RAMs are used to apply crystal by crystal correction factors and measure the interaction depth (based on the PD/PMT ratio). Further arrays of FPGAs provide event multiplexing, derandomization, coincidence detection, and real-time rebinning. Embedded PC/104 microprocessors provide communication, real-time control, and configure the system. Extensive use of FPGAs make the overall design extremely flexible, allowing many different functions (or design modifications) to be realized without hardware changes. Incorporation of extensive onboard diagnostics, implemented in the FPGAs, is required by the very high level of integration and density achieved by this system.
{"title":"The electronics system for the LBNL Positron Emission Mammography (PEM) camera","authors":"W. Moses, J. Young, K. Baker, W. Jones, M. Lenox, M. Ho, M. Weng","doi":"10.1109/NSSMIC.2000.950022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NSSMIC.2000.950022","url":null,"abstract":"Summary form only received as follows: Describes the electronics for a high performance Positron Emission Mammography (PEM) camera. It is based on the electronics for a human brain PET camera (the Siemens/CTI HRRT), modified to use a detector module that incorporates a photodiode (PD) array. An ASIC services the PD array, amplifying its signal and identifying the crystal of interaction. Another ASIC services the photomultiplier tube (PMT), measuring its output and providing a timing signal. FPGAs and lookup RAMs are used to apply crystal by crystal correction factors and measure the interaction depth (based on the PD/PMT ratio). Further arrays of FPGAs provide event multiplexing, derandomization, coincidence detection, and real-time rebinning. Embedded PC/104 microprocessors provide communication, real-time control, and configure the system. Extensive use of FPGAs make the overall design extremely flexible, allowing many different functions (or design modifications) to be realized without hardware changes. Incorporation of extensive onboard diagnostics, implemented in the FPGAs, is required by the very high level of integration and density achieved by this system.","PeriodicalId":445100,"journal":{"name":"2000 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium. Conference Record (Cat. No.00CH37149)","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115291632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2000-11-03DOI: 10.1109/NSSMIC.2000.949880
B. Krieger, K. Ewell, B. Ludewigt, M. Maier, D. Markovic, O. Milgrome, Y.J. Wang
An integrated circuit providing 64 channels of low-noise signal processing electronics in an 8/spl times/8 pixel arrangement has been developed as part of an integrated silicon detector array for high count-rate X-ray spectroscopy applications. Each pixel features low-noise charge integration, programmable peaking time and gain, and an off-chip driver. The 8/spl times/8 pixel IC builds upon our previous development of the XPS chip, a 1-dimensional preamplifier-shaper IC for linear silicon detector arrays. The new pixel design features significant improvements to the shaper and output driver stags, including digital peaking time and gain selection, and a low-power charge driver/receiver design. When operated with a cooled, low-capacitance silicon detector, an energy resolution of /spl sim/210 eV FWHM was obtained for 5.89 keV X-rays.
{"title":"An 8/spl times/8 pixel array IC for X-ray spectroscopy","authors":"B. Krieger, K. Ewell, B. Ludewigt, M. Maier, D. Markovic, O. Milgrome, Y.J. Wang","doi":"10.1109/NSSMIC.2000.949880","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NSSMIC.2000.949880","url":null,"abstract":"An integrated circuit providing 64 channels of low-noise signal processing electronics in an 8/spl times/8 pixel arrangement has been developed as part of an integrated silicon detector array for high count-rate X-ray spectroscopy applications. Each pixel features low-noise charge integration, programmable peaking time and gain, and an off-chip driver. The 8/spl times/8 pixel IC builds upon our previous development of the XPS chip, a 1-dimensional preamplifier-shaper IC for linear silicon detector arrays. The new pixel design features significant improvements to the shaper and output driver stags, including digital peaking time and gain selection, and a low-power charge driver/receiver design. When operated with a cooled, low-capacitance silicon detector, an energy resolution of /spl sim/210 eV FWHM was obtained for 5.89 keV X-rays.","PeriodicalId":445100,"journal":{"name":"2000 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium. Conference Record (Cat. No.00CH37149)","volume":"127 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127454747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2000-10-31DOI: 10.1109/NSSMIC.2000.949879
J. Hoff, A. Mekkaoui, D. Christian, S. Zimmerman, G. Cancelo, R. Yarema
FPIX is a pixel architecture designed for colliding-beam experiments at the Tevatron. Its most important application to date is the BTeV experiment. PreFPIX2 is a chip designed to test the FPIX core, i.e. the pixel control and readout architecture. This FPIX core will be mated to a periphery specific to a particular experiment. Earlier plans called for the BTeV FPIX chip to be designed in a rad-hard process. However, deep-submicron CMOS processes have demonstrated appropriate radiation tolerance at a lower cost and with greater reliability. Therefore, PreFPIX2 has been fabricated in a 0.25 micron process utilizing radiation tolerant design techniques. The architecture has undergone substantial development from earlier versions of FPIX. Most notable are the improvements to the column token passing scheme and to the end-of-column logic.
{"title":"PreFPIX2: core architecture and results","authors":"J. Hoff, A. Mekkaoui, D. Christian, S. Zimmerman, G. Cancelo, R. Yarema","doi":"10.1109/NSSMIC.2000.949879","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NSSMIC.2000.949879","url":null,"abstract":"FPIX is a pixel architecture designed for colliding-beam experiments at the Tevatron. Its most important application to date is the BTeV experiment. PreFPIX2 is a chip designed to test the FPIX core, i.e. the pixel control and readout architecture. This FPIX core will be mated to a periphery specific to a particular experiment. Earlier plans called for the BTeV FPIX chip to be designed in a rad-hard process. However, deep-submicron CMOS processes have demonstrated appropriate radiation tolerance at a lower cost and with greater reliability. Therefore, PreFPIX2 has been fabricated in a 0.25 micron process utilizing radiation tolerant design techniques. The architecture has undergone substantial development from earlier versions of FPIX. Most notable are the improvements to the column token passing scheme and to the end-of-column logic.","PeriodicalId":445100,"journal":{"name":"2000 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium. Conference Record (Cat. No.00CH37149)","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114648742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2000-10-30DOI: 10.1109/NSSMIC.2000.950023
J. S. Huber, W. W. Moses, M. Andreaco, O. Petterson
Presents construction methods and performance results for a production scintillator array of 64 optically isolated, 3/spl times/3/spl times/30 mm sized LSO crystals. This scintillator array has been developed for a PET detector module consisting of the 8/spl times/8 LSO array coupled on one end to a single photomultiplier tube (PMT) and on the opposite end to a 64 pixel array of silicon photodiodes (PD). The PMT provides an accurate timing pulse and initial energy discrimination, the PD identifies the crystal of interaction, the sum provides a total energy signal, and the PD/(PD+PMT) ratio determines the depth of interaction (DOI). Unlike the previous LSO array prototypes, the authors now glue Lumirror reflector material directly onto 4 sides of each crystal to obtain an easily manufactured, mechanically rugged array with their desired depth dependence. With 511 keV excitation, the authors obtain a total energy signal of 3600 electrons, pulse-height resolution of 25% fwhm, and 6-15 mm fwhm DOI resolution.
介绍了64个光隔离，3/spl倍/3/spl倍/ 30mm尺寸的LSO晶体的生产闪烁体阵列的构建方法和性能结果。该闪烁体阵列被开发用于PET探测器模块，该模块由8/spl倍/8 LSO阵列组成，该阵列一端耦合到单个光电倍增管(PMT)，另一端耦合到64像素硅光电二极管(PD)阵列。PMT提供精确的定时脉冲和初始能量判别，PD识别相互作用晶体，和提供总能量信号，PD/(PD+PMT)比值决定相互作用深度(DOI)。与之前的LSO阵列原型不同，作者现在将Lumirror反射材料直接粘在每个晶体的4面上，以获得易于制造，机械坚固的阵列，并具有所需的深度依赖性。在511 keV激励下，作者获得了3600个电子的总能量信号，脉冲高度分辨率为25% fwhm, DOI分辨率为6-15 mm fwhm。
{"title":"A LSO scintillator array for a PET detector module with depth of interaction measurement","authors":"J. S. Huber, W. W. Moses, M. Andreaco, O. Petterson","doi":"10.1109/NSSMIC.2000.950023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NSSMIC.2000.950023","url":null,"abstract":"Presents construction methods and performance results for a production scintillator array of 64 optically isolated, 3/spl times/3/spl times/30 mm sized LSO crystals. This scintillator array has been developed for a PET detector module consisting of the 8/spl times/8 LSO array coupled on one end to a single photomultiplier tube (PMT) and on the opposite end to a 64 pixel array of silicon photodiodes (PD). The PMT provides an accurate timing pulse and initial energy discrimination, the PD identifies the crystal of interaction, the sum provides a total energy signal, and the PD/(PD+PMT) ratio determines the depth of interaction (DOI). Unlike the previous LSO array prototypes, the authors now glue Lumirror reflector material directly onto 4 sides of each crystal to obtain an easily manufactured, mechanically rugged array with their desired depth dependence. With 511 keV excitation, the authors obtain a total energy signal of 3600 electrons, pulse-height resolution of 25% fwhm, and 6-15 mm fwhm DOI resolution.","PeriodicalId":445100,"journal":{"name":"2000 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium. Conference Record (Cat. No.00CH37149)","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125740136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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