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FETs with superconducting channels 具有超导通道的场效应管
A. Kleinsasser, T. Jackson
The authors consider the implications of inducing superconducting properties in the channel of a FET by using superconductors as the source and drain metallizations. Under some circumstances the semiconductor source and drain regions can themselves become superconducting due to the proximity effect, i.e. the penetration of Cooper pairs into normal material at the interface with a superconductor. The proximity-effect regions can overlap if the channel is short enough, making the device a Josephson weak link in which a gate controls both superconductive and normal currents. The authors review the basic device concept and electrical characteristics, discuss several important materials-related issues, examine the present experimental and theoretical situation, and discuss the potential for applications. They describe recent work on superconducting In/sub 0.47/Ga/sub 0.53/As JFETs (junction FETs) that addresses several of the issues raised by the present discussion.<>
本文讨论了利用超导体作为源极金属化和漏极金属化在场效应管沟道中诱导超导特性的意义。在某些情况下,由于邻近效应,即库珀对在与超导体的界面处渗透到正常材料中,半导体源区和漏区本身可以成为超导。如果通道足够短,邻近效应区域可以重叠,使器件成为约瑟夫森弱链路,其中栅极同时控制超导电流和正常电流。作者回顾了器件的基本概念和电气特性,讨论了几个重要的材料相关问题,研究了目前的实验和理论情况,并讨论了应用潜力。他们描述了最近在超导In/sub 0.47/Ga/sub 0.53/As jfet(结fet)方面的工作,这些工作解决了目前讨论中提出的几个问题。
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引用次数: 0
Optical and microwave performance of GaAs-AlGaAs and strained-layer InGaAs-GaAs-AlGaAs graded-index separate-confinement heterostructure single quantum well lasers GaAs-AlGaAs和应变层InGaAs-GaAs-AlGaAs渐变折射率分离约束异质结构单量子阱激光器的光学和微波性能
S.D. Offsey, W. Schaff, P. Tasker, W. D. Braddock, L. Eastman
The authors have fabricated InGaAs-GaAs-AlGaAs strained-layer graded-index separate-confinement-heterostructure (GRINSCH) quantum-well lasers grown by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE). Use of optimized growth conditions resulted in low-threshold performance. The lasers emit at a wavelength of 1.03 mu m and have threshold currents of 12 mA for 3- mu m*400- mu m devices and threshold current densities of 168 A/cm/sup 2/ for 150- mu m*800- mu m devices. They emit at longer wavelengths and have lower threshold currents than previously reported strained-layer lasers grown by MBE and have threshold currents below those of strained-layer lasers grown by OMVPE (organometallic vapor-phase epitaxy). Measurements of threshold current and microwave modulation response have been performed on strained-layer InGaAs and unstrained GaAs GRINSCH SQW (single-quantum-well) lasers with identical cladding and graded regions grown by molecular beam epitaxy. They confirm the lower threshold currents and higher modulation bandwidths that have been theoretically predicted for strained-layer lasers.<>
作者利用分子束外延(MBE)制备了InGaAs-GaAs-AlGaAs应变层梯度折射率分离束缚异质结构(GRINSCH)量子阱激光器。使用优化的生长条件可获得低阈值性能。激光器发射波长为1.03 μ m, 3 μ m*400 μ m器件的阈值电流为12 mA, 150 μ m*800 μ m器件的阈值电流密度为168 a /cm/sup /。与先前报道的MBE生长的应变层激光器相比,它们发射波长更长,阈值电流更低,阈值电流低于OMVPE(有机金属气相外延)生长的应变层激光器。用分子束外延生长的梯度区和包层相同的应变层InGaAs和非应变GaAs GRINSCH SQW(单量子阱)激光器进行了阈值电流和微波调制响应的测量。他们证实了理论上对应变层激光器的较低阈值电流和较高调制带宽的预测。
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引用次数: 7
Noise modeling for two-dimensional electron gas field-effect transistors based on accurate charge control characteristics 基于精确电荷控制特性的二维电子气场效应晶体管噪声建模
Y. Ando, T. Itoh
The authors have developed a 2DEGFET (two-dimensional-electron-gas field-effect transistor) noise model that includes accurate charge-control characteristics. It is based on analytical functions relating carrier concentration to Fermi level. Using this model, the influence of drain current, frequency and device parameters on NF (noise figure) was studied. The theory was found to explain the experimentally observed trend in NF behavior. The Fukui fitting factor deduced from this calculation agrees with typical experimental results. This agreement indicates that the present noise model is applicable to the design of 2DEGFETs and amplifiers.<>
作者已经开发了一个2DEGFET(二维电子-气场效应晶体管)噪声模型,包括精确的电荷控制特性。它基于载流子浓度与费米能级的解析函数。利用该模型,研究了漏极电流、频率和器件参数对噪声系数的影响。该理论被发现可以解释实验中观察到的NF行为趋势。由此推导出的福井拟合因子与典型实验结果吻合。这表明本文的噪声模型适用于2degfet和放大器的设计。
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引用次数: 3
High power efficiency X-band GaAlAs/GaAs HBT 高功率效率x波段GaAlAs/GaAs HBT
N.L. Wang, N. Sheng, M. Chang, W. Ho, G. Sullivan, E. Sovero, J. Higgins, P. Asbeck
Excellent power performance from a common-emitter GaAlAs/GaAs HBT (heterojunction bipolar transistor) at 10 GHz is reported. Record high added efficiency of 67.8% and 11.6-dB associated gain were obtained, with 0.226-W output power. HBTs of various sizes were tested, and 55% added efficiency and 10-dB associated gain were obtained regularly. From the largest available device 0.63 W with 8-dB gain was obtained. The base current crowding effect does not appear in the HBTs tested. The operation of the HBT is analyzed and shown to be close to that of the class-B amplifier. The collector-current behavior with respect to the power level is explained. Harmonic content is found to be very low. Compared with other solid-state power devices at 10 GHz the HBT demonstrates the highest added efficiency and associated gain at high-output-power condition. In addition, the low HBT input Q factor eases broadband matching, making it the best candidate for microwave power application.<>
报道了一种共发射极GaAlAs/GaAs双极异质结晶体管(HBT)在10ghz下的优异功率性能。在0.226 w的输出功率下,获得了创纪录的67.8%的附加效率和11.6 db的相关增益。测试了各种尺寸的hbt,并定期获得55%的附加效率和10db相关增益。从最大可用器件获得0.63 W,增益为8db。基极电流拥挤效应在测试的hbt中没有出现。分析了HBT的工作原理,表明其与b类放大器的工作原理接近。解释了集电极电流相对于功率水平的行为。谐波含量很低。在高输出功率条件下,与其他固态功率器件相比,HBT具有最高的附加效率和相关增益。此外,低HBT输入Q因子简化了宽带匹配,使其成为微波功率应用的最佳候选者。
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引用次数: 9
The influence of strain on the small signal gain and lasing threshold of GaInAs/GaAs and GaAs/GaInAlAs strained-layer quantum well lasers 应变对GaInAs/GaAs和GaAs/GaInAlAs应变层量子阱激光器小信号增益和激光阈值的影响
G. Feak, D. Nichols, J. Singh, J. Loehr, J. Pamulapati, P. Bhattacharya, D. Biswas
Results of calculations on how band-structure changes introduced by strain affect the gain spectra in multi-quantum-well (MQW) lasers are presented. Reduction of threshold injection as well as increased TE mode emission occurs for the compressive-strain case. In tensile strain the thresholds for TE and TM modes approach each other. Experimental studies on the compressive-strain laser structures show that the spontaneous and lasing spectra shift to longer wavelengths, the threshold current density is reduced, and a more rapid rise of gain with increased injection occurs. The output spectrum shifted from the 959-962 nm range for the GaInAs devices with 20% In to the 1033.5-1041.0-nm range for devices with 30% In. The threshold current density decreased with increasing strain, as expected from the theory. The modal gain of the devices and the peak modal gain were shown to rise very quickly with increased injection. This qualitatively agrees with the expected decrease in hole density of states brought about by strain, which could cause the hole states to be more rapidly filled and result in a more rapid rise in the material gain.<>
给出了多量子阱(MQW)激光器中应变引起的带结构变化对增益谱影响的计算结果。在压缩应变情况下,阈值注射减少,TE模发射增加。在拉伸应变中,TE模态和TM模态的阈值接近。对压缩应变激光结构的实验研究表明,随着注入量的增加,自发光谱和激光光谱向更长的波长移动,阈值电流密度降低,增益上升更快。输出光谱从含20% In的GaInAs器件的959-962 nm范围转移到含30% In的器件的1033.5-1041.0 nm范围。阈值电流密度随着应变的增加而减小,这与理论所期望的一致。随着注入量的增加,器件的模态增益和峰值模态增益迅速上升。这与应变引起的孔态密度降低的预期在质上是一致的,这可能会导致孔态被更快地填充,从而导致材料增益更快地上升。
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引用次数: 5
Simulation of the variation and sensitivity of GaAs MESFET large signal figures-of-merit due to process, material, parasitic, and bias parameters GaAs MESFET大信号优值随工艺、材料、寄生和偏置参数的变化和灵敏度的模拟
D. Stoneking, R. Trew, L. Mukundan
A simulator for calculating MESFET large-signal figures of merit and their sensitivities with respect to various device design, material and operational parameters has been developed. A study of an ion-implanted device with a 0.42- mu m gate length and 1.0-mm gate width is presented. The effects on maximum power-added efficiency, output power at the maximum power-added efficiency, and output power at 1-dB gain compression due to variation in implant peak doping density, implant range, implant straggle, gate length, gate width, and gate-drain breakdown voltage are presented. The data indicate that the device performance is most sensitive to changes in V/sub gdbd/ for values of V/sub gdbd/ less than 20 V. However, performance sensitivity goes to zero for V/sub gdbd/ greater than 20 V. RF performance is also sensitive to changes in the channel implant parameters. However, the simulated sensitivities are less than those for V/sub gdbd/. Over fairly broad ranges, device performance is less sensitive to changes in L/sub g/ and W/sub g/ but degrades rapidly at the extrema.<>
一个模拟器计算MESFET的大信号数字的优点和他们的灵敏度有关的各种器件设计,材料和工作参数已经开发。本文研究了一种栅极长度为0.42 μ m,栅极宽度为1.0 mm的离子注入装置。研究了掺杂峰值密度、掺杂范围、掺杂杂散、栅极长度、栅极宽度和栅极漏极击穿电压等因素对器件的最大功率、最大功率和1db增益压缩时输出功率的影响。数据表明,当V/sub gdbd/小于20v时,器件性能对V/sub gdbd/的变化最为敏感。但是,当V/sub gdbd/大于20v时,性能灵敏度为零。射频性能对通道植入参数的变化也很敏感。然而,模拟的灵敏度低于V/sub gdbd/。在相当宽的范围内,器件性能对L/sub g/和W/sub g/的变化不太敏感,但在极端情况下会迅速下降。
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引用次数: 3
Analysis of resonant tunneling structures for high frequency oscillator applications via time-dependent solution of Schrodinger's equation 基于薛定谔方程时变解的高频谐振隧穿结构分析
I. Saadat, J.P. Krusius
The characteristics of a new compound-semiconductor heterostructure tunneling resonator are analyzed using the time-dependent Schrodinger equation. The device is formed by imbedding the usual double-barrier tunneling structure between two additional heterojunctions forming the reflectors of the resonator. Tunable quantum mechanical oscillations in the frequency range from 300 to 600 GHz are observed for typical device parameters. Two potential millimeter-wave device applications are proposed.<>
利用时变薛定谔方程分析了一种新型化合物-半导体异质结构隧穿谐振腔的特性。该器件是通过在形成谐振器反射器的两个附加异质结之间嵌入通常的双势垒隧道结构而形成的。对于典型的器件参数,在300 ~ 600 GHz频率范围内观察到可调谐的量子力学振荡。提出了两种潜在的毫米波器件应用。
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引用次数: 0
Mixed technology of ion implantation and heteroepitaxy: ion-implanted In/sub x/Ga/sub 1-x/As/GaAs MESFETs 离子注入与异质外延混合技术:离子注入In/sub x/Ga/sub 1-x/As/GaAs mesfet
G. Wang, M. Feng, R. Kaliski, Y. P. Liaw, C. Lau, C. Ito
State-of-the-art FET performance with f/sub t/'s of 55 and 61 GHz has been achieved using 0.5- mu m-gate In/sub 0.1/Ga/sub 0.9/As and graded In/sub x/Ga/sub 1-x/As MESFETs, respectively. The material growth and device fabrication are described, and the device characteristics are reported. In comparison to the In/sub 0.1/Ga/sub 0.9/As MESFET, the graded-material MESFET shows a better Schottky gate, which is essential for device performance. This novel InGaAs MESFET is of interest for InGaAs-based circuits that are suitable, among other applications, for long-wavelength fiber-optic communication.<>
采用0.5 μ m栅极In/sub 0.1/Ga/sub 0.9/As和渐变In/sub x/Ga/sub 1-x/As mesfet分别实现了55 GHz和61 GHz的f/sub t/ s的最先进的FET性能。描述了材料的生长和器件的制造,并报道了器件的特性。与In/sub 0.1/Ga/sub 0.9/As MESFET相比,渐变材料MESFET具有更好的肖特基栅极,这对器件性能至关重要。这种新颖的InGaAs MESFET适用于基于InGaAs的电路,除其他应用外,还适用于长波长光纤通信。
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引用次数: 0
Experimental verification of the contiguous domain oscillator concept 连续域振荡器概念的实验验证
J. Cooper, Y. Yin, M. Balzan, A.E. Geissberger
The authors describe experimental measurements and computer simulations of a semiconductor oscillator device which makes use of the contiguous domain effect in GaAs. This effect consists of the formation of a contiguous sequence of dipole domains in GaAs devices of appropriate electrostatic geometry. The contiguous domain oscillator is the first experimental realization of this effect. It is unique compared to other semiconductor oscillator devices in that it is not a transit-time device, does not act as a negative resistance, and does not require submicron physical dimensions to achieve high frequencies. Instead, it behaves as a microwave current source whose frequency is controlled by a DC voltage. It has the added advantage of being structurally compatible with planar ion-implanted GaAs MESFETs (or MODFETs) for use in millimeter-wave integrated circuits.<>
本文描述了利用GaAs中连续畴效应的半导体振荡器器件的实验测量和计算机模拟。这种效应包括在适当静电几何的砷化镓器件中形成连续的偶极子域序列。连续域振荡器是这种效应的第一个实验实现。与其他半导体振荡器器件相比,它的独特之处在于它不是一个瞬变时间器件,不作为负电阻,并且不需要亚微米的物理尺寸来实现高频。相反,它表现为一个微波电流源,其频率由直流电压控制。它具有与用于毫米波集成电路的平面离子注入GaAs mesfet(或modfet)在结构上兼容的额外优势。
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引用次数: 0
Extension of high f/sub T/ operation bias range for an AlInAs/InGaAs HBT 扩展了AlInAs/InGaAs HBT的高f/sub /工作偏置范围
S. Tanaka, A. Furukawa, T. Baba, M. Madihian, M. Mizuta, K. Honjo
The authors report on the fabrication and characteristics of AlInAs/InGaAs HBTs (heterojunction bipolar transistors) with a base-collector structure that results in high-f/sub T/ operation over a wide range of collector bias voltage variation. This feature results in high-speed switching performance for digital circuits, where the device operating bias point varies widely due to logic swing. The fabricated device exhibited an f/sub T/-V/sub CE/ characteristic with a broad peak at around 2.2 V (V/sub BE/=1.0 V). It was found that the electron transit time t/sub B/+t/sub C/ is insensitive to external voltages. A realistic flat f/sub T/-V/sub CE/ characteristic can be obtained by reducing extrinsic delay time.<>
作者报告了AlInAs/InGaAs异质结双极晶体管(hbt)的制造和特性,该晶体管具有基极集电极结构,可在广泛的集电极偏置电压变化范围内实现高f/sub T/工作。由于逻辑摆幅的影响,器件的工作偏置点变化很大,这一特性为数字电路提供了高速开关性能。该器件具有f/sub T/-V/sub CE/特性,在2.2 V左右有宽峰(V/sub BE/=1.0 V),电子传递时间T/ sub B/+ T/ sub C/对外部电压不敏感。通过减小外部延迟时间,可以得到一个真实的平坦的f/sub - T/-V/sub - CE/特性。
{"title":"Extension of high f/sub T/ operation bias range for an AlInAs/InGaAs HBT","authors":"S. Tanaka, A. Furukawa, T. Baba, M. Madihian, M. Mizuta, K. Honjo","doi":"10.1109/CORNEL.1989.79833","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CORNEL.1989.79833","url":null,"abstract":"The authors report on the fabrication and characteristics of AlInAs/InGaAs HBTs (heterojunction bipolar transistors) with a base-collector structure that results in high-f/sub T/ operation over a wide range of collector bias voltage variation. This feature results in high-speed switching performance for digital circuits, where the device operating bias point varies widely due to logic swing. The fabricated device exhibited an f/sub T/-V/sub CE/ characteristic with a broad peak at around 2.2 V (V/sub BE/=1.0 V). It was found that the electron transit time t/sub B/+t/sub C/ is insensitive to external voltages. A realistic flat f/sub T/-V/sub CE/ characteristic can be obtained by reducing extrinsic delay time.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":445524,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings., IEEE/Cornell Conference on Advanced Concepts in High Speed Semiconductor Devices and Circuits,","volume":"419 ","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120866042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
期刊
Proceedings., IEEE/Cornell Conference on Advanced Concepts in High Speed Semiconductor Devices and Circuits,
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