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RR-LTNet: Ramp-Rate-Centric Deep Learning Framework for Short-Horizon Photovoltaic Power Prediction RR-LTNet:以斜坡速率为中心的深度学习框架,用于短期光伏功率预测
IF 2.6 3区 工程技术 Q3 ENERGY & FUELS Pub Date : 2025-11-10 DOI: 10.1109/JPHOTOV.2025.3625301
Apoorva Choumal;M. Rizwan;Shatakshi
Reliable operation of photovoltaic (PV) fleets with high grid penetration demands prediction tools that translate plant-level irradiance variability into actionable intelligence for PV power management and balance-of-system design. Reliably managing high penetrations of solar PV within modern grids requires predictions that reflect the systemic consequences of fast renewable variability across cyber-physical energy infrastructure. This article proposes RR-LTNet, a ramp-rate (RR)-centric prediction architecture that elevates the RR as the core variability feature linking plant-level intermittency to grid-level operational risk. RR-LTNet first performs dynamic clustering of RR regimes to characterize rapid weather transitions and stability conditions. These regimes taken as feature for hybrid temporal learner that fuses recurrent memory with temporal convolution to capture multiscale dynamics. For predictive assessment, numerical experiments are conducted on one year solar power database of the Yulara Solar Project, Australia. The proposed RR-LTNet consistently outperforms other feature extraction methods by achieving up to 90% reductions in root mean square error (RMSE) for 5-min resolution. The reductions are significantly larger when baseline models are augmented with RR-aware features than when those features are absent. Cross-site validation on two additional PV plants with different capacity and data distribution confirms robustness and consistency required for system engineering deployment across fleets. By surfacing variability intelligence in real time, RR-LTNet supports PV-specific tasks central to reserve scheduling, advanced simulation of PV plant-grid interactions. This framework thus bridges PV monitoring analytics with system level reliability engineering, accelerating the integration of large-scale PV into modern power systems.
具有高电网渗透率的光伏发电机组的可靠运行需要预测工具,将工厂级辐照度变化转化为光伏电源管理和系统平衡设计的可操作智能。在现代电网中可靠地管理太阳能光伏的高渗透率,需要预测反映跨网络物理能源基础设施的快速可再生变化的系统性后果。本文提出了RR- ltnet,这是一种以斜坡率(RR)为中心的预测体系结构,它将RR提升为连接电厂级间歇性和电网级运行风险的核心可变性特征。RR- ltnet首先执行RR状态的动态聚类,以表征快速天气转变和稳定条件。将这些特征作为混合时间学习算法的特征,该算法将循环记忆与时间卷积相融合以捕捉多尺度动态。为了进行预测评估,对澳大利亚Yulara太阳能项目一年的太阳能发电数据库进行了数值试验。提出的RR-LTNet通过在5分钟分辨率下实现高达90%的均方根误差(RMSE)降低,始终优于其他特征提取方法。当基线模型中增加了感知rr的特征时,减少的幅度要比没有这些特征时大得多。对另外两个具有不同容量和数据分布的光伏电站进行了跨站点验证,确认了跨车队系统工程部署所需的鲁棒性和一致性。通过实时呈现可变性智能,RR-LTNet支持以预留调度为中心的光伏特定任务,以及光伏电厂-电网相互作用的高级模拟。因此,该框架将光伏监测分析与系统级可靠性工程连接起来,加速了大规模光伏与现代电力系统的集成。
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引用次数: 0
Inline Characterization of Polysilicon Layers in TOPCon Solar Cell Precursors With Reflectance Spectroscopy 利用反射光谱法在线表征TOPCon太阳能电池前驱体中的多晶硅层
IF 2.6 3区 工程技术 Q3 ENERGY & FUELS Pub Date : 2025-11-07 DOI: 10.1109/JPHOTOV.2025.3619977
Saravana Kumar;Hari Narayan;Christian Diestel;Jurriaan Schmitz;Jonas Haunschild;Stefan Rein;Stefan J. Rupitsch
This study presents an inline-compatible technique based on reflectance spectroscopy for characterizing both the thickness and crystalline volume fraction of polysilicon (poly-Si) layers in tunnel oxide passivated contact solar cell precursors, serving as an intermediate characterization step suitable for production and process control. An optical model based on the Fresnel equations and the transfer-matrix method is used to simulate the reflectance of a poly-Si layer on a planar silicon substrate quantitatively. The Bruggeman effective medium approximation is used to define poly-Si as crystalline silicon particles dispersed in an amorphous silicon matrix. By treating the poly-Si layer thickness and crystalline volume fraction as fit parameters, estimates of these values can be obtained from the measured inline reflectance spectra using the developed optical model. The estimated thicknesses and the crystalline volume fractions show a good correlation with the reference thickness values measured from scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and reference crystalline volume fraction values estimated with Raman spectroscopy, respectively. The maximum relative difference in thickness values obtained from reflectance spectra and SEM measurements is only 3%. Moreover, the maximum relative difference in crystalline volume fractions derived from reflectance and Raman spectra is just 1.8%.
本研究提出了一种基于反射光谱的内联兼容技术,用于表征隧道氧化钝化接触太阳能电池前体中多晶硅(多晶硅)层的厚度和晶体体积分数,作为适合生产和过程控制的中间表征步骤。采用基于菲涅耳方程和传递矩阵法的光学模型,定量模拟了多晶硅层在平面硅衬底上的反射率。用布鲁格曼有效介质近似来定义多晶硅是分散在非晶硅基体中的晶体硅颗粒。通过将多晶硅层厚度和晶体体积分数作为拟合参数,可以利用所建立的光学模型从测量的内联反射光谱中获得这些值的估计值。估算的厚度和晶体体积分数分别与扫描电镜测得的厚度参考值和拉曼光谱测得的晶体体积分数参考值具有良好的相关性。从反射光谱和扫描电镜测量得到的厚度值的最大相对差异仅为3%。此外,由反射率和拉曼光谱得出的晶体体积分数的最大相对差异仅为1.8%。
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引用次数: 0
Performance Limits in Bifacial Tandem Solar Cell Modules for Multiple Configurations 多种配置的双面串联太阳能电池组件的性能限制
IF 2.6 3区 工程技术 Q3 ENERGY & FUELS Pub Date : 2025-11-03 DOI: 10.1109/JPHOTOV.2025.3616590
Anupam Yedida;Revathy Padmanabhan
While bifacial tandem photovoltaic technology is promising as it is able to generate higher electrical power output by accessing illumination from both front and rear surfaces, a thorough investigation of the performance limits of bifacial tandems with different architectures/arrangements and under different conditions has not been explored. In this work, we present a comprehensive analytical framework based on the principle of detailed balance to assess the performance limits of bifacial tandems spanning multiple architectures, including unconstrained, current-matched (CM), and voltage-matched (VM) configurations. Our methodology explores the performance benefits of incorporating area-decoupled subcells across layers and examines the impact of different bandgap arrangements (monotonic and non-monotonic) on the performance. We show that having non-monotonic arrangement of bandgaps under optimal albedo conditions can significantly enhance the performance of bifacial tandems. In addition, we analyze the performance resilience of each configuration and bandgap arrangement to spectral variations induced by environmental factors such as shading, fluctuations in temperature, and albedo. This provides crucial design guidelines for the design, fabrication, and estimation of the performance limits of these solar cell architectures in different conditions.
虽然双面串联光伏技术很有前途,因为它能够通过从前后表面获得照明来产生更高的电力输出,但对不同架构/布置和不同条件下双面串联的性能限制的深入研究尚未得到探讨。在这项工作中,我们提出了一个基于详细平衡原理的综合分析框架,以评估跨多种架构的双面串联的性能限制,包括无约束、电流匹配(CM)和电压匹配(VM)配置。我们的方法探讨了跨层合并面积解耦亚单元的性能优势,并检查了不同带隙排列(单调和非单调)对性能的影响。研究表明,在最佳反照率条件下,带隙的非单调排列可以显著提高双面串联的性能。此外,我们还分析了每种结构和带隙排列对环境因素(如遮阳、温度波动和反照率)引起的光谱变化的性能弹性。这为这些太阳能电池架构在不同条件下的设计、制造和性能限制的估计提供了重要的设计指导。
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引用次数: 0
RTDETR-CELite: Lightweight Remote Sensing PV Defect Detection via Edge-Aware and Cross-Channel Feature Fusion rtder - celite:基于边缘感知和跨通道特征融合的轻型遥感光伏缺陷检测
IF 2.6 3区 工程技术 Q3 ENERGY & FUELS Pub Date : 2025-11-03 DOI: 10.1109/JPHOTOV.2025.3619980
Daolei Wang;Zhi Huang;Lei Peng;Peng Yan;Shaokai Zheng;Jiawen Liu;Yang Long
To address the challenges of blurred target boundaries, uneven feature distribution, and high computational cost in complex photovoltaic (PV) environments, this article proposes a lightweight uncrewed aerial vehicle (UAV)-based infrared hotspot detection model—real-time detection transformer (RTDETR)-CELite. Utilizing RTDETR-R18, the model incorporates the CSP_ELGCA_CGLU module, which integrates local-global attention and gated channel enhancement. This improves the perception of key regions while reducing computational complexity. In addition, a ConvEdgeFusion module is designed to combine shallow edge structures with multiscale semantic features. This improvement improves the model’s ability to accurately depict hot spot boundaries and their distribution areas, thereby significantly reducing false positives and false negatives. Experimental results show that RTDETR-CELite significantly reduces the model scale without affecting detection performance. Compared to the original RTDETR-R18, mAP50 improves from 82.04% to 84.06%, and mAP50:95 improves from 62.01% to 62.56%. The number of parameters decreases by 31.6% to 13.6M, computational cost drops by 17.4% to 47.1 GFLOPs, and inference speed increases to 300.5 FPS. These results indicate that RTDETR-CELite strikes an effective compromise between precision and computational efficiency, rendering it highly applicable to UAV-based or edge-device deployment for timely identification of PV hotspots, and showcasing promising potential in practical scenarios.
针对复杂光伏(PV)环境下目标边界模糊、特征分布不均匀、计算成本高等问题,提出了一种基于轻型无人机(UAV)的红外热点检测模型——实时检测变压器(RTDETR)——celite。利用rtder - r18,该模型结合了CSP_ELGCA_CGLU模块,集成了局部全局关注和门控信道增强。这提高了关键区域的感知,同时降低了计算复杂度。此外,设计了一个融合浅边缘结构和多尺度语义特征的convdgefusion模块。这一改进提高了模型准确描绘热点边界及其分布区域的能力,从而显著减少了误报和误报。实验结果表明,rtder - celite在不影响检测性能的情况下显著降低了模型尺度。与原始rtder - r18相比,mAP50从82.04%提高到84.06%,mAP50:95从62.01%提高到62.56%。参数个数减少31.6%至136m,计算成本下降17.4%至47.1 GFLOPs,推理速度提高至3000.5 FPS。这些结果表明,rtder - celite在精度和计算效率之间取得了有效的折衷,使其高度适用于基于无人机或边缘设备的部署,以及时识别光伏热点,并在实际场景中显示出巨大的潜力。
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引用次数: 0
Analytical Model of Leakage Currents in Contact Resistivity Measurements on Silicon Solar Cells 硅太阳能电池接触电阻率测量中漏电流的解析模型
IF 2.6 3区 工程技术 Q3 ENERGY & FUELS Pub Date : 2025-10-31 DOI: 10.1109/JPHOTOV.2025.3620568
Wilkin Wöhler;Johannes M. Greulich;Andreas W. Bett
We derive an analytical description of leakage currents in an ohmic system of two conductive layers, with current in- and outflow at two line contacts on the first layer, and current flow in the second layer induced over a resistive interface. Examples of such interfaces in the photovoltaic context include the tunnel interface of TOPCon solar cells, the high-low junction of silicon heterojunction (SHJ) solar cells, and p-n junctions for low current densities. Experimentally the modeled leakage currents are observed in measurements of transfer length method (TLM) samples of SHJ solar cells due to the finite shunt resistivity of the p-n junction. Using the new model, we find that for a typical TLM-setup with a contacting distance of $l_{text{c}}=text{1 cm}$, apparent sheet resistance reductions of 0.3, 2.6, and 9.6 $Omega$ for a top layer of $R_{1}=text{100};{Omega }$ occur for interface resistivities $rho _{text{c}}$ of 100, 10, and 1 $text{k}Omega text{cm}^{2}$, respectively. Evaluating the measurement example by the commonly used linear regression, a twice higher contact resistivity is found in comparison to a numerical least square fit of the new model. Similar results are obtained in a synthetic data study using the solar cell simulation software Quokka3, with contact resistivity deviations of up to $text{10 m} Omega text{cm}^{2}$ for the linear regression evaluation. By evaluating the same data with the new analytical model, the original simulation parameters of contact resistivity and sheet resistance are recovered with relative deviations below 0.2%.
我们推导了两导电层欧姆系统中漏电流的解析描述,其中第一层的两个线接触处有电流流入和流出,第二层的电流流过一个电阻界面。这种界面在光伏领域的例子包括TOPCon太阳能电池的隧道界面,硅异质结(SHJ)太阳能电池的高-低结,以及低电流密度的p-n结。在实验中,由于pn结的有限并联电阻率,在SHJ太阳能电池的转移长度法(TLM)样品的测量中观察到模型泄漏电流。使用新模型,我们发现,对于典型的tlm设置,接触距离为$l_{text{c}}=text{1 cm}$,当界面电阻率$rho _{text{c}}$为100、10和1 $text{k}Omega text{cm}^{2}$时,表层$R_{1}=text{100};{Omega }$的表观薄片电阻分别降低了0.3、2.6和9.6 $Omega$。用常用的线性回归方法对测量实例进行评价,发现新模型的接触电阻率比数值最小二乘拟合高两倍。利用太阳能电池仿真软件Quokka3进行的综合数据研究也得到了类似的结果,接触电阻率偏差高达$text{10 m} Omega text{cm}^{2}$进行线性回归评价。利用新的分析模型对相同的数据进行评估,恢复了接触电阻率和片材电阻的原始模拟参数,相对偏差小于0.2%.
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引用次数: 0
2025 Index IEEE Journal of Photovoltaics 2025索引IEEE光电学报
IF 2.6 3区 工程技术 Q3 ENERGY & FUELS Pub Date : 2025-10-28 DOI: 10.1109/JPHOTOV.2025.3626191
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引用次数: 0
High-Intensity UV Exposure for the Rapid Screening of Silicon Photovoltaic Architectures 高强度紫外曝光用于硅光伏结构的快速筛选
IF 2.6 3区 工程技术 Q3 ENERGY & FUELS Pub Date : 2025-10-22 DOI: 10.1109/JPHOTOV.2025.3611428
Mirra M. Rasmussen;J. Diego Zubieta Sempertegui;Nicholas Moser-Mancewicz;Jonathan L. Bryan;Natasha E. Hjerrild;Kristopher O. Davis;Mariana I. Bertoni;Laura S. Bruckman;Ina T. Martin
Advanced Si photovoltaic architectures incorporate different materials and processing pathways that influence degradation modes. Ultraviolet-induced degradation (UVID) is an understudied degradation mode for advanced cell architectures and is of increasing concern to industry due to growing adoption of UV-transparent encapsulation and bifacial technologies. In order to adopt new and evolving technologies confidently, novel component materials and processing techniques must be evaluated and designed for long-term stability, in addition to the conventional design focus on efficiency. In this work, a study protocol framework is presented for the rapid screening of unencapsulated devices against UVID. Unencapsulated passivated emitter rear contact (PERC) and tunnel oxide passivated contact (TOPCon) devices were aged under different UV irradiance intensities and measured via conventional nondestructive electrical characterization methods to assess performance degradation. Based on the results, protocol efficacy and recommendations for further study are discussed. This work is part of a broader effort to develop rapid screening processes that cut across architectures and exposure conditions to aid module manufacturers in vetting new materials choices for long-term stability.
先进的硅光伏结构包含不同的材料和影响降解模式的加工途径。紫外线诱导降解(UVID)是一种未被充分研究的先进电池结构降解模式,由于越来越多地采用紫外线透明封装和双面技术,它越来越受到工业界的关注。为了自信地采用新的和不断发展的技术,除了传统的设计注重效率之外,还必须评估和设计长期稳定性的新组件材料和加工技术。在这项工作中,提出了一个研究协议框架,用于快速筛选未封装的设备对抗UVID。未封装钝化发射极后触点(PERC)和隧道氧化物钝化触点(TOPCon)器件在不同的紫外辐照强度下老化,并通过传统的非破坏性电学表征方法进行测量,以评估性能退化。在此基础上,讨论了方案的有效性和进一步研究的建议。这项工作是开发快速筛选流程的更广泛努力的一部分,该流程可以跨越架构和暴露条件,帮助模块制造商审查新材料的长期稳定性选择。
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引用次数: 0
Call for Papers for a Special Issue of IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices on “Reliability of Advanced Nodes” IEEE电子设备学报“先进节点的可靠性”特刊征文
IF 2.6 3区 工程技术 Q3 ENERGY & FUELS Pub Date : 2025-10-22 DOI: 10.1109/JPHOTOV.2025.3621371
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引用次数: 0
IEEE Journal of Photovoltaics Information for Authors IEEE光电期刊,作者信息
IF 2.6 3区 工程技术 Q3 ENERGY & FUELS Pub Date : 2025-10-22 DOI: 10.1109/JPHOTOV.2025.3621367
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引用次数: 0
Call for Papers for a Special Issue of IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices on “Ultrawide Band Gap Semiconductor Device for RF, Power and Optoelectronic Applications” IEEE电子器件学报特刊“用于射频、功率和光电子应用的超宽带隙半导体器件”征文
IF 2.6 3区 工程技术 Q3 ENERGY & FUELS Pub Date : 2025-10-22 DOI: 10.1109/JPHOTOV.2025.3621369
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引用次数: 0
期刊
IEEE Journal of Photovoltaics
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