Pub Date : 2025-06-20DOI: 10.1109/JPHOTOV.2025.3577361
Yasuhiko Takeda;Ken-ichi Yamanaka;Naohiko Kato
We designed multijunction solar modules for installation on building walls, in which all the submodules are composed of organic–inorganic hybrid perovskite solar cells, adopting the monolithically series-interconnected structures. Prior to considering concrete module configurations, we elucidated that the impacts of temporal and regional variations in the solar spectra on the vertically wall-installed modules are more notable than those on the modules installed on rooftops and in solar farms at the optimal tilt angles. As a result, the annually averaged conversion efficiencies for the double-junction (2J) modules of the conventional two-terminal configuration and other configurations that require the current matching between the top and bottom modules are notably degraded. By contrast, the voltage-matched (VM) 2J modules, in which the submodules yielding approximately the same maximal-power voltages (VMP) are connected in parallel, ensure high conversion efficiencies close to those for the four-terminal (4T) 2J modules even when wall installed because VMP is less sensitive to solar-spectrum variation than the photocurrents. The single output of the VM 2J modules is practically a great advantage over the dual output of the 4T 2J modules. An improved variant: the series–parallel-connecting VM triple-junction modules, in which the two-terminal middle/bottom modules are parallel connected with the top modules, further improve the conversion efficiencies under all the installation conditions.
{"title":"Voltage-Matched All-Perovskite Double- and Triple-Junction Solar Modules for Building-Integrated Photovoltaics","authors":"Yasuhiko Takeda;Ken-ichi Yamanaka;Naohiko Kato","doi":"10.1109/JPHOTOV.2025.3577361","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JPHOTOV.2025.3577361","url":null,"abstract":"We designed multijunction solar modules for installation on building walls, in which all the submodules are composed of organic–inorganic hybrid perovskite solar cells, adopting the monolithically series-interconnected structures. Prior to considering concrete module configurations, we elucidated that the impacts of temporal and regional variations in the solar spectra on the vertically wall-installed modules are more notable than those on the modules installed on rooftops and in solar farms at the optimal tilt angles. As a result, the annually averaged conversion efficiencies for the double-junction (2J) modules of the conventional two-terminal configuration and other configurations that require the current matching between the top and bottom modules are notably degraded. By contrast, the voltage-matched (VM) 2J modules, in which the submodules yielding approximately the same maximal-power voltages (<italic>V</i><sub>MP</sub>) are connected in parallel, ensure high conversion efficiencies close to those for the four-terminal (4T) 2J modules even when wall installed because <italic>V</i><sub>MP</sub> is less sensitive to solar-spectrum variation than the photocurrents. The single output of the VM 2J modules is practically a great advantage over the dual output of the 4T 2J modules. An improved variant: the series–parallel-connecting VM triple-junction modules, in which the two-terminal middle/bottom modules are parallel connected with the top modules, further improve the conversion efficiencies under all the installation conditions.","PeriodicalId":445,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal of Photovoltaics","volume":"15 5","pages":"672-685"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144887738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-06-20DOI: 10.1109/JPHOTOV.2025.3576530
{"title":"Announcing an IEEE/Optica Publishing Group Journal of Lightwave Technology Special Issue","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/JPHOTOV.2025.3576530","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JPHOTOV.2025.3576530","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":445,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal of Photovoltaics","volume":"15 4","pages":"623-623"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11045363","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144331630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-06-13DOI: 10.1109/JPHOTOV.2025.3575469
Michael G. Deceglie;Timothy J Silverman;Byron McDanold;Kevin Anderson;Daniel Riley;Bruce H. King;Joshua S. Stein;Laura T. Schelhas
We present outdoor observations of metal-halide perovskite modules deployed in the Photovoltaic Accelerator for Commercializing Technologies center, which houses one of the world's broadest efforts to test metal-halide perovskite photovoltaic modules outdoors. As of January 2025, outdoor testing has encompassed over 150 modules from 14 different partners. Our findings illustrate how daily changes in efficiency, driven by exposure to light, affect field performance in real-world conditions. These effects cannot be explained by existing outdoor performance models and frustrate the notion of a traditional temperature coefficient.
{"title":"Intraday Outdoor Efficiency Changes in Metal-Halide Perovskite Photovoltaic Modules","authors":"Michael G. Deceglie;Timothy J Silverman;Byron McDanold;Kevin Anderson;Daniel Riley;Bruce H. King;Joshua S. Stein;Laura T. Schelhas","doi":"10.1109/JPHOTOV.2025.3575469","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JPHOTOV.2025.3575469","url":null,"abstract":"We present outdoor observations of metal-halide perovskite modules deployed in the Photovoltaic Accelerator for Commercializing Technologies center, which houses one of the world's broadest efforts to test metal-halide perovskite photovoltaic modules outdoors. As of January 2025, outdoor testing has encompassed over 150 modules from 14 different partners. Our findings illustrate how daily changes in efficiency, driven by exposure to light, affect field performance in real-world conditions. These effects cannot be explained by existing outdoor performance models and frustrate the notion of a traditional temperature coefficient.","PeriodicalId":445,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal of Photovoltaics","volume":"15 5","pages":"652-656"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144887710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nanofibers are a promising 1-D nanomaterial with significant potential to enhance the photovoltaic performance of dye-sensitized solar cells. The heterojunction composite material of g-C3N4 and Co3O4 (CN-Co3O4) is believed to improve electron transport. In this study, electrospinning technology was employed to incorporate a small amount of CN-Co3O4 into TiO2 nanofibers, forming composite nanofibers that serve as an additional layer for the photoanode. Photovoltaic performance measurements confirm that CN-Co3O4/TiO2 nanofibers enhance electron transfer capability and increase the utilization of incident light. Under AM1.5G conditions, the cell modified with CN-Co3O4/TiO2 nanofibers achieved a conversion efficiency of 6.14%, representing an approximate 42% improvement compared with unmodified cells. Furthermore, under a light intensity of 1800 lx, the cell exhibited a high conversion efficiency of 24.95%.
{"title":"Fabrication of g-C3N4-Co3O4/TiO2 Composite Nanofiber Layers by Electrospinning for Indoor Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell Photoanodes","authors":"Yu-Hsun Nien;Jhih-Wei Zeng;Jung-Chuan Chou;Chih-Hsien Lai;Po-Hui Yang;Po- Yu Kuo;Wen-Hao Chen;Chia-Wei Wang;Mao-Yang Lee","doi":"10.1109/JPHOTOV.2025.3574797","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JPHOTOV.2025.3574797","url":null,"abstract":"Nanofibers are a promising 1-D nanomaterial with significant potential to enhance the photovoltaic performance of dye-sensitized solar cells. The heterojunction composite material of g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> and Co<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> (CN-Co<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>) is believed to improve electron transport. In this study, electrospinning technology was employed to incorporate a small amount of CN-Co<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> into TiO<sub>2</sub> nanofibers, forming composite nanofibers that serve as an additional layer for the photoanode. Photovoltaic performance measurements confirm that CN-Co<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>/TiO<sub>2</sub> nanofibers enhance electron transfer capability and increase the utilization of incident light. Under AM1.5G conditions, the cell modified with CN-Co<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>/TiO<sub>2</sub> nanofibers achieved a conversion efficiency of 6.14%, representing an approximate 42% improvement compared with unmodified cells. Furthermore, under a light intensity of 1800 lx, the cell exhibited a high conversion efficiency of 24.95%.","PeriodicalId":445,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal of Photovoltaics","volume":"15 5","pages":"645-651"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144887703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-06-09DOI: 10.1109/JPHOTOV.2025.3574778
José F. B. de F. Filho;Washington L. A. Neves;Flavio B. Costa
This study presents an innovativeapproach to estimate the operating temperature of photovoltaic modules by incorporating underexplored climatic factors, such as wind direction and precipitation, in addition to commonly analyzed variables, such as ambient temperature, wind speed, solar irradiance, and relative humidity. The research addresses a gap in the literature, improving the predictive accuracy of photovoltaic module temperature estimation models. The developed methodology is designed to integrate measurement data from any location and was validated using data collected from over two years of measurements, demonstrating that the resulting prediction model is both valid and precise. The methodology employs multiple linear regression to derive the predictive model, ensuring adaptability and accuracy across different environmental contexts. Results indicate a significant improvement in prediction performance compared to other models. This advancement supports better design and operation of distributed photovoltaic systems globally.
{"title":"Photovoltaic Module Temperature Prediction Model Incorporating Wind Direction and Precipitation Effects","authors":"José F. B. de F. Filho;Washington L. A. Neves;Flavio B. Costa","doi":"10.1109/JPHOTOV.2025.3574778","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JPHOTOV.2025.3574778","url":null,"abstract":"This study presents an innovativeapproach to estimate the operating temperature of photovoltaic modules by incorporating underexplored climatic factors, such as wind direction and precipitation, in addition to commonly analyzed variables, such as ambient temperature, wind speed, solar irradiance, and relative humidity. The research addresses a gap in the literature, improving the predictive accuracy of photovoltaic module temperature estimation models. The developed methodology is designed to integrate measurement data from any location and was validated using data collected from over two years of measurements, demonstrating that the resulting prediction model is both valid and precise. The methodology employs multiple linear regression to derive the predictive model, ensuring adaptability and accuracy across different environmental contexts. Results indicate a significant improvement in prediction performance compared to other models. This advancement supports better design and operation of distributed photovoltaic systems globally.","PeriodicalId":445,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal of Photovoltaics","volume":"15 5","pages":"701-711"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144887739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-06-09DOI: 10.1109/JPHOTOV.2025.3574792
Ankit Kumar Singh;Anjanee Kumar Mishra;Taehyung Kim
This work is focused on a solar photovoltaics (PV)-based onboard charger using reconfigured motor windings. In the proposed scheme, the motor windings and traction converter switches form a three-phase interleaved buck converter (IBC). The IBC is interfaced with the solar PV and acts as the maximum power point tracking converter. The IBC reduces the current ripple at the battery side and improves the battery cycle life. Through IBC, a large amount of current at the battery side is paralleled in three inductors of the IBC, which reduces the on-state losses in the switches and copper loss in the inductors. Therefore, it is possible to increase the power level of the onboard charging system as high as that of the propulsion system with enhanced compactness of the system while reducing the cost. Moreover, the applied control strategy reduces the current sensor requirements in IBC and eliminates the proportional–integral controller, which is another major advantage of the proposed system compared to conventional control of the IBC. Furthermore, the switches are subjected to zero current switching. Finally, the real-time experiment of the proposed system was accomplished using the OPAL-RT platform for 6 kW of charging power.
{"title":"A Solar PV-Based Compact EV Charging Solution for On-Board Applications","authors":"Ankit Kumar Singh;Anjanee Kumar Mishra;Taehyung Kim","doi":"10.1109/JPHOTOV.2025.3574792","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JPHOTOV.2025.3574792","url":null,"abstract":"This work is focused on a solar photovoltaics (PV)-based onboard charger using reconfigured motor windings. In the proposed scheme, the motor windings and traction converter switches form a three-phase interleaved buck converter (IBC). The IBC is interfaced with the solar PV and acts as the maximum power point tracking converter. The IBC reduces the current ripple at the battery side and improves the battery cycle life. Through IBC, a large amount of current at the battery side is paralleled in three inductors of the IBC, which reduces the <sc>on</small>-state losses in the switches and copper loss in the inductors. Therefore, it is possible to increase the power level of the onboard charging system as high as that of the propulsion system with enhanced compactness of the system while reducing the cost. Moreover, the applied control strategy reduces the current sensor requirements in IBC and eliminates the proportional–integral controller, which is another major advantage of the proposed system compared to conventional control of the IBC. Furthermore, the switches are subjected to zero current switching. Finally, the real-time experiment of the proposed system was accomplished using the OPAL-RT platform for 6 kW of charging power.","PeriodicalId":445,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal of Photovoltaics","volume":"15 5","pages":"691-700"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144887737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-06-09DOI: 10.1109/JPHOTOV.2025.3572205
Salil R Rabade;Timothy J Silverman;Nick Bosco
We performed cyclic loading of photovoltaic laminates with precracked silicon cells to explore if and how loading frequency and contact pressure influence the ensuing gridline wear-out process. A measurement of parallel resistance across cracked gridlines on a laminated cell coupon was used as the metric for gridline electrical contact degradation. A statistical analysis of variance (ANOVA) analysis of the experimental results discerned that loading frequency is a more significant factor than contact pressure for gridline degradation.
{"title":"Solar Cell Metallization Wear is Sensitive to Loading Frequency","authors":"Salil R Rabade;Timothy J Silverman;Nick Bosco","doi":"10.1109/JPHOTOV.2025.3572205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JPHOTOV.2025.3572205","url":null,"abstract":"We performed cyclic loading of photovoltaic laminates with precracked silicon cells to explore if and how loading frequency and contact pressure influence the ensuing gridline wear-out process. A measurement of parallel resistance across cracked gridlines on a laminated cell coupon was used as the metric for gridline electrical contact degradation. A statistical analysis of variance (ANOVA) analysis of the experimental results discerned that loading frequency is a more significant factor than contact pressure for gridline degradation.","PeriodicalId":445,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal of Photovoltaics","volume":"15 5","pages":"686-690"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144887788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-22DOI: 10.1109/JPHOTOV.2025.3556947
{"title":"Call for Papers for a Special Issue of IEEE Transactions on Materials for Electron Devices","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/JPHOTOV.2025.3556947","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JPHOTOV.2025.3556947","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":445,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal of Photovoltaics","volume":"15 3","pages":"509-510"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10973167","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143860855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-22DOI: 10.1109/JPHOTOV.2025.3555921
{"title":"IEEE Journal of Photovoltaics Information for Authors","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/JPHOTOV.2025.3555921","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JPHOTOV.2025.3555921","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":445,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal of Photovoltaics","volume":"15 3","pages":"C3-C3"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10973140","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143860917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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