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2018 IEEE International Symposium on Smart Electronic Systems (iSES) (Formerly iNiS)最新文献

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Real-Time Efficient Detection in Vision Based Static Hand Gesture Recognition 基于视觉的静态手势识别的实时高效检测
Amrutnarayan Panigrahi, J. P. Mohanty, A. Swain, K. Mahapatra
The focus on Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) research is increasing day by day, due to the increasing requirement of intelligent input devices. Hand Gesture Recognition is a small sub-field but presents a significant number of applications and consumer products. Most researches target on the feasibility of recognition systems but give less weight to the device resources, so the cost and time. The time-consuming complicated algorithms' use is limited to special purpose devices such as expensive gaming consoles. The use of such systems in low cost embedded hardware in realtime circumstances is required, with the comfortability to use it. In this paper, we design an efficient real-time keyboard-like HCI using Static HGR. We have proposed and implemented new methods to reduce the time consumption while maintaining the high accuracy of 90% with scale and rotation invariance. Also, to maintain the comfort of use, we have eliminated complicated gestures and used only 11 gestures as input gesture set.
由于对智能输入设备的要求越来越高,人机交互(HCI)的研究日益受到关注。手势识别是一个小的子领域,但呈现了大量的应用和消费产品。大多数研究的目标是识别系统的可行性,但很少考虑设备资源,因此成本和时间。耗时复杂的算法的使用仅限于特殊用途的设备,如昂贵的游戏机。这种系统需要在低成本的嵌入式硬件中实时使用,并且使用起来很舒适。在本文中,我们使用静态HGR设计了一个高效的实时类键盘HCI。我们提出并实现了新的方法,以减少时间消耗,同时保持90%的高精度,并具有尺度和旋转不变性。此外,为了保持使用的舒适性,我们消除了复杂的手势,只使用了11个手势作为输入手势集。
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引用次数: 0
Design of CMOS Inverter and Chain of Inverters Using Neural Networks 基于神经网络的CMOS逆变器及逆变链设计
Likhit Valavala, Kalpit Munot, K. R. Teja
This paper employs a model based on Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) to design a CMOS Inverter and Chain of Inverters and determine how accurately the ANN based designs are able to model the complex, non-linear problem of circuit design. ANN is designed to predict the performance parameters of a CMOS Inverter and chain of inverters for a given process technology. A function fitting ANN with Bayesian Backpropagation Regularization as the training algorithm was designed with three hidden layers of sizes 20, 10, 8 respectively. Test performances of 99% were obtained in the various studies performed. These results show that ANNs have a high accuracy and are able to adapt as the complexity of the circuit increases.
本文采用基于人工神经网络(ANN)的模型来设计CMOS逆变器和逆变器链,并确定基于人工神经网络的设计能够精确地模拟复杂的非线性电路设计问题。人工神经网络用于预测给定工艺条件下CMOS逆变器和逆变器链的性能参数。设计了一种以贝叶斯反向传播正则化为训练算法的函数拟合神经网络,隐层大小分别为20、10、8。在进行的各种研究中获得了99%的测试性能。这些结果表明,人工神经网络具有很高的精度,并且能够随着电路复杂性的增加而适应。
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引用次数: 1
Smart Brewery Controller 智能啤酒厂控制器
Rolf Arne Kjellby, Erol Gorancic, Anders Liland, Linga Reddy Cenkeramaddi, Geir Jevne
This paper presents the design and development of a wireless smart brewery controller. The controller is designed to be implemented in breweries with resistive heating elements of up to 3000 watts. By utilizing Bluetooth Smart, the brewery can be remotely controlled from an Android application, with the possibility of adding recipes with ingredients, notifications, and parameter adjustments while brewing. The system has been integrated in a 27-liter kettle to demonstrate usability. A complete prototype is made and tested, in making different flavors of beers.
本文介绍了一种无线智能啤酒厂控制器的设计与开发。该控制器设计用于具有高达3000瓦电阻加热元件的啤酒厂。通过使用智能蓝牙,啤酒厂可以通过Android应用程序远程控制,可以在酿造过程中添加配料配方、通知和参数调整。该系统已集成在一个27升的水壶中,以展示其可用性。制作一个完整的原型并进行测试,以制作不同口味的啤酒。
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引用次数: 0
Towards Analysing the Effect of Hybrid Caches on the Temperature of Tiled Chip Multi-Processors 混合缓存对平铺芯片多处理器温度影响的分析
Ashwini A. Kulkarni, Khushboo Rani, Sukarn Agarwal, S. P. Mahajan, H. Kapoor
Recent advances in CMOS technology adds more transistors to the chip that are utilised for improving processing capability by adding multiple processing components. These multiple cores raise the data demands leading to larger on-chip caches. Together, these add to the energy consumption as well as heat dissipation. Increase in chip temperature requires efficient cooling mechanisms as high temperatures can damage the onchip circuitry. Thus, the performance enhancement comes at the cost of higher power budget as well as temperature. Large onchip caches occupy significant area of the chip and are major contributors to leakage energy. It is known that as technology scales leakage becomes a prominent component which also affects the chip temperature. This paper aims to control the chip temperature by controlling the leakage energy dissipated by the last level caches (LLCs). Towards this we propose a hybrid LLC that uses a combination of SRAM cache banks and non-volatile memory (NVM) technology based STT-RAM banks. STT-RAM technology has the advantage of high density and low leakage.We demonstrate that low-leakage STT-RAM banks help in reducing the temperature of the tile in which they are located and it also assists in reducing the average chip temperature. Experimental evaluation on an isoarea and iso-capacity architecture that uses a hybrid LLC shows reduction the average chip temperature as well as gives gains in static energy and EDP compared to baseline architecture.
CMOS技术的最新进展为芯片增加了更多的晶体管,通过增加多个处理组件来提高处理能力。这些多核提高了数据需求,导致更大的片上缓存。总之,这些增加了能源消耗和散热。芯片温度的升高需要有效的冷却机制,因为高温会损坏芯片上的电路。因此,性能增强是以更高的功率预算和温度为代价的。大型片上缓存占据了芯片的很大面积,是泄漏能量的主要贡献者。众所周知,随着技术的发展,泄漏成为影响芯片温度的重要因素。本文旨在通过控制最后一级缓存(lc)的泄漏能量来控制芯片温度。为此,我们提出了一种混合LLC,它使用SRAM缓存库和基于STT-RAM库的非易失性存储器(NVM)技术的组合。STT-RAM技术具有高密度和低泄漏的优点。我们证明,低泄漏STT-RAM组有助于降低其所在瓦片的温度,并且还有助于降低平均芯片温度。使用混合LLC的等面积等容量架构的实验评估表明,与基线架构相比,降低了平均芯片温度,并获得了静态能量和EDP的增益。
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引用次数: 2
Design and Prototype Implementation of Long-Range Self-Powered Wireless IoT Devices 远程自供电无线物联网设备的设计与原型实现
Rolf Arne Kjellby, Linga Reddy Cenkeramaddi, Thor Eirik Johnsrud, Geir Jevne, Svein Erik Løtveit, B. Beferull-Lozano, Soumya Joshi
This paper presents the design and prototype implementation of long-range self-powered wireless IoT devices using nRF52840 based on energy harvesting. The test-bed is setup in both star and multi-hop configurations with optimized custom protocols. In both network configurations, nodes consume less power than what is harvested in an indoor light environment using a small 0.36W rated monocrystalline solar panel. The average power by which the battery was charged during the test was 941.94µW in an indoor environment. Nodes are able to operate for 12 months using a fully charged 120mAh rated rechargeable coin cell battery with 55s transmission interval. Based on measurements, a line of sight range of 1.8km is obtained using coded transmissions. Sensors of temperature, relative humidity and visible light are integrated into the nodes.
本文介绍了基于能量收集的nRF52840远程自供电无线物联网设备的设计和原型实现。该试验台采用星型和多跳配置,采用优化的自定义协议。在这两种网络配置中,节点消耗的功率都低于使用额定0.36W的小型单晶太阳能电池板在室内光环境中获得的功率。在室内环境下,测试期间电池充电的平均功率为941.94µW。节点可以使用120mAh额定可充电硬币电池运行12个月,传输间隔为55s。基于测量,使用编码传输获得1.8公里的视线范围。温度、相对湿度和可见光传感器被集成到节点中。
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引用次数: 14
Crypto Primitives IPCore Implementation Susceptibility in Cyber Physical System 网络物理系统中密码原语IPCore实现的易感性
Dillibabu Shanmugam, S. Annadurai
Security evaluation of third-party cryptographic Soft/Hard IP (Intellectual Property) core is often ignored due to several reasons including, lack of awareness about its adversity, lack of knowledge about validation methodology or considering security as a byproduct. Particularly, the security validation of bought-out Hardware IP core is important before being deployed in particle means. In this paper, we present Look-Up-Table (LUT) based unrolled implementation of low latency cipher, PRINCE as an hard IP core and show how the susceptible implementation (nested and flexible placement of IP cores) can be experimentally exploited to reveal secret key in FPGA using power analysis attack. Such vulnerability in constrained devices, Internet-of-Things(IoT), causes serious threats in cyber physical system.
第三方加密软/硬IP(知识产权)核心的安全评估经常被忽视,原因包括缺乏对其不利的认识,缺乏对验证方法的了解或将安全视为副产品。特别是,在以粒子方式部署硬件IP核之前,对其进行安全验证非常重要。在本文中,我们提出了基于查找表(LUT)的低延迟密码的展开实现,PRINCE作为硬IP核,并展示了如何利用功耗分析攻击实验利用易受影响的实现(IP核的嵌套和灵活放置)来揭示FPGA中的密钥。这种漏洞存在于受限设备物联网(Internet-of-Things, IoT)中,会对网络物理系统造成严重威胁。
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引用次数: 0
ARPL: Supporting Adaptive Mixing of RPL Modes to Overcome Memory Overflow ARPL:支持自适应混合RPL模式以克服内存溢出
Kunal Vyas, Jayasree Sengupta, S. Bit
IPv6 Routing Protocol for Low Power and Lossy Networks (RPL) proposed by Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) has been adopted to suit Internet of Things (IoT) requirements. However, both the storing and non-storing modes of operation for RPL brings about certain limitations. In case of storing mode of RPL, if an intermediate node along the routing path overflows, new nodes become unreachable whereas, for the non-storing mode of RPL, the entire routing topology is only saved at the root node resulting in increased congestion near the root. Therefore, in this paper, we propose a low overhead Adaptive RPL (ARPL) algorithm which allows flexibility between storing and non-storing modes of operation. Here, the benefits of both the operating modes of RPL are utilized to avoid additional control message exchange, thereby making network resource-aware. We also observe that ARPL performs better than one state-of-the-art competitor in terms of storage and memory overflow by allowing the said flexibility of switching modes. Finally, we simulate ARPL using Cooja in Contiki operating system to evaluate the performance of ARPL. The simulation results show that ARPL achieves higher packet delivery ratio (PDR) in downward communication (e.g. query mode) while keeping convergence time same. It also shows that even in the mixed mode more than 90% nodes are operating in storing mode which improves Point to Point (P2P) communication with reduced traffic near the root thus allowing nodes to save energy.
采用IETF (Internet Engineering Task Force)提出的IPv6 route Protocol for Low Power and Lossy Networks (RPL),以适应物联网的需求。然而,RPL的存储和非存储操作方式都带来了一定的局限性。对于RPL的存储模式,如果路由路径上的一个中间节点溢出,将导致新节点不可达,而对于RPL的非存储模式,整个路由拓扑只保存在根节点,导致根附近的拥塞增加。因此,在本文中,我们提出了一种低开销的自适应RPL (ARPL)算法,该算法允许存储和非存储操作模式之间的灵活性。这里,利用RPL两种操作模式的优点来避免额外的控制消息交换,从而实现网络资源感知。我们还观察到,通过允许上述切换模式的灵活性,ARPL在存储和内存溢出方面比一个最先进的竞争对手表现得更好。最后,我们在Contiki操作系统上使用Cooja对ARPL进行了仿真,以评估ARPL的性能。仿真结果表明,在保持收敛时间不变的情况下,ARPL在向下通信(如查询模式)中实现了更高的分组投递率(PDR)。它还表明,即使在混合模式下,也有90%以上的节点以存储模式运行,这改善了点对点(P2P)通信,减少了根附近的流量,从而使节点节省了能量。
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引用次数: 7
Secure Biometric-Based Authentication Protocol for Vehicular Ad-Hoc Network 基于生物特征的车载Ad-Hoc网络安全认证协议
M. Ismail., Santanu Chatterjee, J. Sing
Vehicular ad-hoc Network(VANET) helps various stakeholders like passengers, traffic management team, manufacturers, owners, drivers etc to access important information using a highly dynamic mobile network. Restricting unauthenticated users from free information sharing is a crucial challenge. In this paper we propose a dynamic lightweight biometric-based authentication protocol for vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication networks where user after successful registration can directly login from any local mobile terminal and access his /her services/information directly from the authentication servers. We have done the security analysis of our scheme and prove that our scheme provides user anonymity, location privacy, mutual authentication to prevent spoofing attacks and resistance against forgery, modification and replay attacks. We also compare the efficiency of our scheme with other related schemes and show that our authentication scheme is more secure and performs faster than other schemes available in the literature.
车辆自组织网络(VANET)帮助乘客、交通管理团队、制造商、车主、司机等不同利益相关者使用高度动态的移动网络访问重要信息。限制未经身份验证的用户免费共享信息是一项重大挑战。本文提出了一种基于动态轻量级生物特征的车对车(V2V)通信网络认证协议,用户注册成功后可以直接从任何本地移动终端登录,并直接从认证服务器访问其服务/信息。对方案进行了安全性分析,证明方案具有用户匿名性、位置保密性、相互认证等特点,能够有效防止欺骗攻击,并具有抗伪造、修改和重放攻击的能力。我们还将我们的方案与其他相关方案的效率进行了比较,并表明我们的认证方案比文献中的其他方案更安全,执行速度更快。
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引用次数: 3
Performance Evaluation of Square Microhotplate with Alternative Membrane Materials 替代膜材料方形微热板的性能评价
G. Saxena
Alternative materials such as Alumina (Al2O3) and Polyimide (PI) have lower thermal conductivity than Si/Si3N4, hence with these materials, low power consumption can be attained even with a thicker membrane. This paper first attempts to determine the convection coefficient by constructing a CFD analysis of microhotplate and then employs the obtained results to investigate the performance of microhotplates with alternative materials, like PI or Al2O3 either as a single material membrane or composite membrane. For attaining same operating temperature (694K) with single material membrane, PI membrane resulted in a lower power consumption compared to Al2O3 membrane. Further, it is found that composite membrane of PI and Al2O3 can bring advantages of both the materials and among the various simulated composite membranes, PI/Al2O3 ( 1/1µm) membrane offers the best response time and thermal uniformity with a power consumption of 19.41mW.
替代材料如氧化铝(Al2O3)和聚酰亚胺(PI)具有比Si/Si3N4更低的导热性,因此使用这些材料,即使使用更厚的膜也可以实现低功耗。本文首先试图通过构建微热板的CFD分析来确定对流系数,然后利用所得结果研究PI或Al2O3等替代材料作为单一材料膜或复合材料膜的微热板的性能。在获得相同工作温度(694K)的情况下,PI膜比Al2O3膜的功耗更低。此外,还发现PI/Al2O3复合膜具有两种材料的优点,并且在各种模拟复合膜中,PI/Al2O3(1/1µm)膜具有最佳的响应时间和热均匀性,功耗为19.41mW。
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引用次数: 0
Integrating Compiler Driven Transformation and Simulated Annealing Based Floorplan for Optimized Transient Fault Tolerant DSP Cores 基于编译驱动转换和模拟退火的DSP核容错优化方案
A. Sengupta, Deepak Kachave
Reliability of electronic devices in sub-nanometer technology scale has become a major concern. However, demand for battery operated low power, high performance devices necessitates technology scaling. To meet these contradictory design goals optimization and reliability must be performed simultaneously. This paper proposes by integrating compiler driven transformation and simulated annealing based optimization process for generating optimized low cost transient fault tolerant DSP core. The case study on FIR filter shows improved performance (in terms of reduced area and delay) of proposed approach in comparison to state-of-art transient fault tolerant approach.
在亚纳米技术尺度下,电子器件的可靠性已成为人们关注的焦点。然而,对电池供电的低功耗、高性能设备的需求需要技术规模化。为了满足这些相互矛盾的设计目标,优化和可靠性必须同时进行。本文提出了将编译器驱动转换和模拟退火相结合的优化过程用于生成优化的低成本暂态容错DSP内核。对FIR滤波器的实例研究表明,与目前的暂态容错方法相比,本文提出的方法在减少面积和延迟方面的性能有所提高。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
2018 IEEE International Symposium on Smart Electronic Systems (iSES) (Formerly iNiS)
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