Pub Date : 2021-05-20DOI: 10.1285/I20705948V14N1P117
A. Albano, A. Plaia
Preference data are a particular type of ranking data that arise when n individuals express their preferences over a finite set of items. Within this framework, the main issue concerns the aggregation of the preferences to identify a compromise or a “consensus”, defined as the closest ranking (i.e. with the minimum distance or maximum correlation) to the whole set of preferences. Many approaches have been proposed, but they are not sensitive to the importance of items: i.e. changing the rank of a highly-relevant element should result in a higher penalty than changing the rank of a negligible one. The goal of this paper is to investigate the consensus between rankings taking into account the importance of items (element weights). For this purpose, we present: i) an element weighted rank correlation coefficient tau_ew as an extension of the Emond and Mason’s tau, and ii) an element weighted rank distance d_ew as an extension of the Kemeny distance d. The one-to-one correspondence between the weighted distance and the rank correlation coefficient is analytically proved. Moreover, a procedure to obtain the consensus ranking among n individuals is described and its performance is studied both by simulation and by the application to real datasets.
{"title":"Element weighted Kemeny distance for ranking data","authors":"A. Albano, A. Plaia","doi":"10.1285/I20705948V14N1P117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1285/I20705948V14N1P117","url":null,"abstract":"Preference data are a particular type of ranking data that arise when n individuals express their preferences over a finite set of items. Within this framework, the main issue concerns the aggregation of the preferences to identify a compromise or a “consensus”, defined as the closest ranking (i.e. with the minimum distance or maximum correlation) to the whole set of preferences. Many approaches have been proposed, but they are not sensitive to the importance of items: i.e. changing the rank of a highly-relevant element should result in a higher penalty than changing the rank of a negligible one. The goal of this paper is to investigate the consensus between rankings taking into account the importance of items (element weights). For this purpose, we present: i) an element weighted rank correlation coefficient tau_ew as an extension of the Emond and Mason’s tau, and ii) an element weighted rank distance d_ew as an extension of the Kemeny distance d. The one-to-one correspondence between the weighted distance and the rank correlation coefficient is analytically proved. Moreover, a procedure to obtain the consensus ranking among n individuals is described and its performance is studied both by simulation and by the application to real datasets.","PeriodicalId":44770,"journal":{"name":"Electronic Journal of Applied Statistical Analysis","volume":"14 1","pages":"117-145"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47014758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-20DOI: 10.1285/I20705948V14N1P27
Nafeesa Bashir, T. R. Jan
The paper deals with the System comprising of three components in which are in parallel configuration and in series with unit .The system fails if either or both units fails. A single server takes some time to arrive the system to carry out repair activities.The repair of the system is based on first come first serve (fcfs). The failure time distribution and time to repair of all the units is taken exponential of the form. The arrival time of the server is taken as general.
{"title":"Stochastic Modeling of Three Non Identical Complex System With Single Service Facility Available In The System","authors":"Nafeesa Bashir, T. R. Jan","doi":"10.1285/I20705948V14N1P27","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1285/I20705948V14N1P27","url":null,"abstract":"The paper deals with the System comprising of three components in which are in parallel configuration and in series with unit .The system fails if either or both units fails. A single server takes some time to arrive the system to carry out repair activities.The repair of the system is based on first come first serve (fcfs). The failure time distribution and time to repair of all the units is taken exponential of the form. The arrival time of the server is taken as general.","PeriodicalId":44770,"journal":{"name":"Electronic Journal of Applied Statistical Analysis","volume":"14 1","pages":"27-43"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47520714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-15DOI: 10.1285/I20705948V13N3P739
M. Pedditzi, E. Nicotra, M. Nonnis, P. Grassi, C. Cortese
A number of recent studies carried out in the education sector have re- vealed the incidence of burnout in school environments and have highlighted the principal psycho-social sources of burnout syndrome among teachers. This study attempts to look further at the results of a previous research car- ried out on a sample of 882 italian teachers. Using advanced statistcal tech- niques such as MIMIC modelling, it intends to verify whether the following psycho-social stress factors are significant as predictors: interpersonal rela- tions, workload, organisational conflict, role ambiguity, perceived role image, work-home interface. The scales we have adopted are the Maslach Burnout Inventory MBI-ES and the Cooper’s occupational stress indicator (Cooper, Sloan & Williams, 2009) specifically adapted for Italian schools. Results have shown the clear predictive role of factors such as interpersonal conflict and home-work interface in determining the onset of emotional exhaustion and depersonalization among teachers.
{"title":"Teacher Stress and burnout: a study using MIMIC modelling","authors":"M. Pedditzi, E. Nicotra, M. Nonnis, P. Grassi, C. Cortese","doi":"10.1285/I20705948V13N3P739","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1285/I20705948V13N3P739","url":null,"abstract":"A number of recent studies carried out in the education sector have re- vealed the incidence of burnout in school environments and have highlighted the principal psycho-social sources of burnout syndrome among teachers. This study attempts to look further at the results of a previous research car- ried out on a sample of 882 italian teachers. Using advanced statistcal tech- niques such as MIMIC modelling, it intends to verify whether the following psycho-social stress factors are significant as predictors: interpersonal rela- tions, workload, organisational conflict, role ambiguity, perceived role image, work-home interface. The scales we have adopted are the Maslach Burnout Inventory MBI-ES and the Cooper’s occupational stress indicator (Cooper, Sloan & Williams, 2009) specifically adapted for Italian schools. Results have shown the clear predictive role of factors such as interpersonal conflict and home-work interface in determining the onset of emotional exhaustion and depersonalization among teachers.","PeriodicalId":44770,"journal":{"name":"Electronic Journal of Applied Statistical Analysis","volume":"13 1","pages":"739-757"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2020-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47683457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-15DOI: 10.1285/I20705948V13N3P612
Valeria Micheletto, M. Zito, M. Bustreo, G. Gabrielli, V. Russo
Happiness is a multi-faceted phenomenon in individuals’ lives. It benefits our mental and physical health, social relations, employment, education, and environment. Pemberton Happiness Index (PHI) is a short and complete index covering general, hedonic, eudaimonic and social well-being. It considers the different timeframes of remembered and experienced well-being. The objective of the study is verifying if PHI, already validated in European and world countries is suitable for the Italian culture. The questionnaire was administered to 410 participants randomly divided into two groups to perform exploratory (EFA) and confirmatory (CFA) analyses, to examine Pearson’s correlations with other scales, and to assess internal consistency (Cronbach ɑ ). Through EFA and CFA, aligning with the original validation, the best solution indicated a unidimensional structure composed of Remembered Well-being and the Experienced Well-being score. Pearson’s correlations evinced strong positive correlations with psychological well-being and satisfaction with life and negative correlations with negative affect. PHI proves to be a concise and solid scale, suitable to the Italian culture. The strong positive correlations between PHI and life satisfaction and positive well-being confirm that individuals’ evaluation of happiness is a crucial step and that in Italian culture well-being is strongly related to optimal functioning, both for individuals and for healthy working places.
{"title":"Italian adaptation of the Pemberton Happiness Index","authors":"Valeria Micheletto, M. Zito, M. Bustreo, G. Gabrielli, V. Russo","doi":"10.1285/I20705948V13N3P612","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1285/I20705948V13N3P612","url":null,"abstract":"Happiness is a multi-faceted phenomenon in individuals’ lives. It benefits our mental and physical health, social relations, employment, education, and environment. Pemberton Happiness Index (PHI) is a short and complete index covering general, hedonic, eudaimonic and social well-being. It considers the different timeframes of remembered and experienced well-being. The objective of the study is verifying if PHI, already validated in European and world countries is suitable for the Italian culture. The questionnaire was administered to 410 participants randomly divided into two groups to perform exploratory (EFA) and confirmatory (CFA) analyses, to examine Pearson’s correlations with other scales, and to assess internal consistency (Cronbach ɑ ). Through EFA and CFA, aligning with the original validation, the best solution indicated a unidimensional structure composed of Remembered Well-being and the Experienced Well-being score. Pearson’s correlations evinced strong positive correlations with psychological well-being and satisfaction with life and negative correlations with negative affect. PHI proves to be a concise and solid scale, suitable to the Italian culture. The strong positive correlations between PHI and life satisfaction and positive well-being confirm that individuals’ evaluation of happiness is a crucial step and that in Italian culture well-being is strongly related to optimal functioning, both for individuals and for healthy working places.","PeriodicalId":44770,"journal":{"name":"Electronic Journal of Applied Statistical Analysis","volume":"13 1","pages":"612-633"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2020-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45450309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-15DOI: 10.1285/I20705948V13N3P652
Cataldo Giuliano Gemmano, F. Signore, A. Caffò, G. L. Palmisano, A. Bosco, A. Manuti
Introduction : The transformations that have affected the labour market in recent years have required companies to adapt to fast changes and to keep the pace of global competition. Consequently, workers have been confronted with multiple challenging demands: they have been required to develop flexibility in their jobs and to work faster and better, often with evident costs in terms of performance and their workplace well-being. Given these evidences, as also shown by some of the most recent developments in the field of Positive Work and Organizational Psychology, healthy organizations are those organizations that could resist to these challenges, because they engage in creating an environment that can promote employees’ health and safety, maximising performance. Yet, healthy organizations support positive organizational behaviors through a coherent culture, a positive climate, and good practices. Healthy organizations might also create the conditions to encourage workers to perform job crafting behaviors, meant as proactive individual behaviours aimed at modifying job demands in order to adjust them to personal needs, motivations and talents, thus maximising well-being and performance. Objective : The aim of the study was to overview the state of the art of the debate about the relationship between job crafting and healthy organizations’ factors by performing a scientometric analysis of job crafting. Therefore, the study was aimed to emphasize performances of countries, journals and authors, highlighting the dominant perspectives on the topic. Method : The starting point of the analysis was data recovery from the Scopus database using the term "job crafting" as search criterion within the title, abstract or keywords of the documents retrieved. The analysis was carried out with two softwares, R and VOSviewer, in order to investigate the growth of interest on the topic over the years, the scientific production of countries, journals and authors, the social structure of collaborative network, and the network of keywords. Results : 375 documents about job crafting were retrieved, showing a growing number of publications in recent years, with a preponderance of productions and citations in USA and Netherlands (where the construct was proposed and validated). Cluster analysis performed on the most frequently used keywords showed three main groups, each of them theoretical linked to workplace health: stimulus factors; Job Demands-Resources Model; health dimensions. Discussion : The present bibliometric analysis showed an increasing scientific interest toward job crafting and the importance of specific papers (that opened the two main perspective about it) for the whole research line. Through the cluster analysis of keywords network, it was underlined the relevance of constructs that promote healthy organizations in the scientific production on job crafting.
{"title":"What a difference a workplace makes. A scientometric analysis on the relationship between job crafting and healthy organizations’ factors","authors":"Cataldo Giuliano Gemmano, F. Signore, A. Caffò, G. L. Palmisano, A. Bosco, A. Manuti","doi":"10.1285/I20705948V13N3P652","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1285/I20705948V13N3P652","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction : The transformations that have affected the labour market in recent years have required companies to adapt to fast changes and to keep the pace of global competition. Consequently, workers have been confronted with multiple challenging demands: they have been required to develop flexibility in their jobs and to work faster and better, often with evident costs in terms of performance and their workplace well-being. Given these evidences, as also shown by some of the most recent developments in the field of Positive Work and Organizational Psychology, healthy organizations are those organizations that could resist to these challenges, because they engage in creating an environment that can promote employees’ health and safety, maximising performance. Yet, healthy organizations support positive organizational behaviors through a coherent culture, a positive climate, and good practices. Healthy organizations might also create the conditions to encourage workers to perform job crafting behaviors, meant as proactive individual behaviours aimed at modifying job demands in order to adjust them to personal needs, motivations and talents, thus maximising well-being and performance. Objective : The aim of the study was to overview the state of the art of the debate about the relationship between job crafting and healthy organizations’ factors by performing a scientometric analysis of job crafting. Therefore, the study was aimed to emphasize performances of countries, journals and authors, highlighting the dominant perspectives on the topic. Method : The starting point of the analysis was data recovery from the Scopus database using the term \"job crafting\" as search criterion within the title, abstract or keywords of the documents retrieved. The analysis was carried out with two softwares, R and VOSviewer, in order to investigate the growth of interest on the topic over the years, the scientific production of countries, journals and authors, the social structure of collaborative network, and the network of keywords. Results : 375 documents about job crafting were retrieved, showing a growing number of publications in recent years, with a preponderance of productions and citations in USA and Netherlands (where the construct was proposed and validated). Cluster analysis performed on the most frequently used keywords showed three main groups, each of them theoretical linked to workplace health: stimulus factors; Job Demands-Resources Model; health dimensions. Discussion : The present bibliometric analysis showed an increasing scientific interest toward job crafting and the importance of specific papers (that opened the two main perspective about it) for the whole research line. Through the cluster analysis of keywords network, it was underlined the relevance of constructs that promote healthy organizations in the scientific production on job crafting.","PeriodicalId":44770,"journal":{"name":"Electronic Journal of Applied Statistical Analysis","volume":"13 1","pages":"652-681"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2020-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48095935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-15DOI: 10.1285/I20705948V13N3P713
P. Gatti, Edoardo Pepe, Andrea Caputo, M. Clari, V. Dimonte, R. Hall, C. Cortese
Using a multilevel approach with a sample of 560 nurses, this study investigates the relationship between job satisfaction and a number of variables, particularly transformational leadership, found in the nursing literature. Job satisfaction is one of the most widely investigated outcomes in the nursing literature, and is very important because of its relations with other well-being, quality of service and managerial outcomes. The individual level antecedents investigated in this study are: organizational tenure, positive affectivity, independence at work, and transformational leadership. A multi-level focus is used since, as a further predictor of job satisfaction, we consider the variability in the perceptions of work group members (i.e., the disagreement among team members) on the transformational leadership style of their head nurses. We hypothesize that followers' inconsistent perceptions of their head nurse's leadership have a negative relation with job satisfaction. Results show that at the individual level, positive affectivity, independence at work and transformational leadership are positively related to job satisfaction, and the hypothesis that the variability of perceptions within the work group of the head nurse's transformational leadership has a negative relation with job satisfaction is confirmed. This study bears out the idea that the variability of leadership perceptions within work groups should be considered as an additional parameter, even more so when the team dimension is central for the profession in question.
{"title":"Job satisfaction in a sample of nurses: A multilevel focus on work team variability about the head nurse's transformational leadership","authors":"P. Gatti, Edoardo Pepe, Andrea Caputo, M. Clari, V. Dimonte, R. Hall, C. Cortese","doi":"10.1285/I20705948V13N3P713","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1285/I20705948V13N3P713","url":null,"abstract":"Using a multilevel approach with a sample of 560 nurses, this study investigates the relationship between job satisfaction and a number of variables, particularly transformational leadership, found in the nursing literature. Job satisfaction is one of the most widely investigated outcomes in the nursing literature, and is very important because of its relations with other well-being, quality of service and managerial outcomes. The individual level antecedents investigated in this study are: organizational tenure, positive affectivity, independence at work, and transformational leadership. A multi-level focus is used since, as a further predictor of job satisfaction, we consider the variability in the perceptions of work group members (i.e., the disagreement among team members) on the transformational leadership style of their head nurses. We hypothesize that followers' inconsistent perceptions of their head nurse's leadership have a negative relation with job satisfaction. Results show that at the individual level, positive affectivity, independence at work and transformational leadership are positively related to job satisfaction, and the hypothesis that the variability of perceptions within the work group of the head nurse's transformational leadership has a negative relation with job satisfaction is confirmed. This study bears out the idea that the variability of leadership perceptions within work groups should be considered as an additional parameter, even more so when the team dimension is central for the profession in question.","PeriodicalId":44770,"journal":{"name":"Electronic Journal of Applied Statistical Analysis","volume":"13 1","pages":"713-738"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2020-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46830780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-15DOI: 10.1285/I20705948V13N3P589
Alessandro Lo Presti, Sevag K. Kertechian, Alfonso Landolfi
Work intensification implies increased workload which, in turn, can impact on work engagement, and workaholism; however, their mutual relations have not received adequate scholarly attention up to now. This cross-cultural study, consistently with the Job Demands-Resources model, examined the association between workload and work engagement and verified if workaholism acted as a moderator. Moreover, we examined if cultural differences affected these associations. To this purpose, 416 Canadian and 412 Italian employees filled a cross-sectional questionnaire. The association between workload and work engagement varied significantly between countries, and was moderated by workaholism. Results discussed in view of the theoretical framework provide insights for both scholars and managers in terms of human resource management and job design.
{"title":"Does the association between workload and work engagement depend on being workaholic? A cross-cultural study on Italian and Canadian employees","authors":"Alessandro Lo Presti, Sevag K. Kertechian, Alfonso Landolfi","doi":"10.1285/I20705948V13N3P589","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1285/I20705948V13N3P589","url":null,"abstract":"Work intensification implies increased workload which, in turn, can impact on work engagement, and workaholism; however, their mutual relations have not received adequate scholarly attention up to now. This cross-cultural study, consistently with the Job Demands-Resources model, examined the association between workload and work engagement and verified if workaholism acted as a moderator. Moreover, we examined if cultural differences affected these associations. To this purpose, 416 Canadian and 412 Italian employees filled a cross-sectional questionnaire. The association between workload and work engagement varied significantly between countries, and was moderated by workaholism. Results discussed in view of the theoretical framework provide insights for both scholars and managers in terms of human resource management and job design.","PeriodicalId":44770,"journal":{"name":"Electronic Journal of Applied Statistical Analysis","volume":"13 1","pages":"589-611"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2020-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45613528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-15DOI: 10.1285/I20705948V13N3P682
G. Paganin, S. Simbula
Occupational Psychology faces challenges concerning the promotion of employees' well-being and health. The use of emergent technologies (e.g. smartphone) has revealed new opportunities to deliver effective, cheap and early interventions. By following the international PRISMA statement guidelines, this systematic review aims to bring together workplace smartphone-based interventions, targeting employees' well-being and psycho-physical health, to address the lack of studies focused on workplace settings. Results were drawn from 31 quantitative and qualitative studies, testing smartphone applications. The authors extracted multiple information for each article: focus, target, theoretical background, users' engagement and study design. Findings show the lack of theoretical background, reliable study design and the prevalence of physical health interventions. Moreover, our review identifies the importance of users' engagement for an intervention's effectiveness. It is relevant to design specific mHealth interventions, to provide employees with the skills to cope with and manage work-stress and enhance their general health and well-being.
{"title":"Smartphone-based interventions for employees' well-being promotion: a systematic review","authors":"G. Paganin, S. Simbula","doi":"10.1285/I20705948V13N3P682","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1285/I20705948V13N3P682","url":null,"abstract":"Occupational Psychology faces challenges concerning the promotion of employees' well-being and health. The use of emergent technologies (e.g. smartphone) has revealed new opportunities to deliver effective, cheap and early interventions. By following the international PRISMA statement guidelines, this systematic review aims to bring together workplace smartphone-based interventions, targeting employees' well-being and psycho-physical health, to address the lack of studies focused on workplace settings. Results were drawn from 31 quantitative and qualitative studies, testing smartphone applications. The authors extracted multiple information for each article: focus, target, theoretical background, users' engagement and study design. Findings show the lack of theoretical background, reliable study design and the prevalence of physical health interventions. Moreover, our review identifies the importance of users' engagement for an intervention's effectiveness. It is relevant to design specific mHealth interventions, to provide employees with the skills to cope with and manage work-stress and enhance their general health and well-being.","PeriodicalId":44770,"journal":{"name":"Electronic Journal of Applied Statistical Analysis","volume":"13 1","pages":"682-712"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2020-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46943339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-15DOI: 10.1285/I20705948V13N3P634
Flavio Urbini, Alessandro Lo Presti, A. Chirumbolo, A. Callea
Nowadays, the labour market’s instability and flexibility has led to increased feelings of uncertainty, insecurity and precariousness in the workforce. With respect to psychological health, to date studies focused mainly on the consequences of the fear of losing the job as a whole (i.e. quantitative job insecurity), in comparison to the consequences of threat of losing valued job features (i.e. qualitative job insecurity). Understanding the psychological mechanisms that explain the process of stress experiences, deriving from qualitative job insecurity, may contribute to identify how to promote healthier workplaces. The present study aimed to examine the mediating role of precariousness of life in the relationship between qualitative job insecurity and mental distress, i.e. emotional exhaustion and psychological symptoms. Precariousness of life is a pervasive syndrome among temporary employees affecting their daily life. The Conservation Of Resources (COR) and dual labour market theories were used as theoretical framework to draw the research hypotheses. The sample was composed of 272 white and blue collar Italian temporary employees. The results of structural equation modelling revealed that qualitative job insecurity was positively and significantly related to emotional exhaustion and psychological symptoms. Furthermore, these relationships were mediated by precariousness of life: Goodness of fit indices of mediation model was satisfactory and indirect effects were significant, therefore supporting our hypotheses. This study provided additional evidence to the literature concerning job insecurity as it focused on temporary workers, examining the effect on mental health by qualitative job insecurity via precariousness of life. Practical implications were discussed.
{"title":"Two is worse than one. The mediating role of precariousness of life in the association between qualitative job insecurity and distress among Italian temps","authors":"Flavio Urbini, Alessandro Lo Presti, A. Chirumbolo, A. Callea","doi":"10.1285/I20705948V13N3P634","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1285/I20705948V13N3P634","url":null,"abstract":"Nowadays, the labour market’s instability and flexibility has led to increased feelings of uncertainty, insecurity and precariousness in the workforce. With respect to psychological health, to date studies focused mainly on the consequences of the fear of losing the job as a whole (i.e. quantitative job insecurity), in comparison to the consequences of threat of losing valued job features (i.e. qualitative job insecurity). Understanding the psychological mechanisms that explain the process of stress experiences, deriving from qualitative job insecurity, may contribute to identify how to promote healthier workplaces. The present study aimed to examine the mediating role of precariousness of life in the relationship between qualitative job insecurity and mental distress, i.e. emotional exhaustion and psychological symptoms. Precariousness of life is a pervasive syndrome among temporary employees affecting their daily life. The Conservation Of Resources (COR) and dual labour market theories were used as theoretical framework to draw the research hypotheses. The sample was composed of 272 white and blue collar Italian temporary employees. The results of structural equation modelling revealed that qualitative job insecurity was positively and significantly related to emotional exhaustion and psychological symptoms. Furthermore, these relationships were mediated by precariousness of life: Goodness of fit indices of mediation model was satisfactory and indirect effects were significant, therefore supporting our hypotheses. This study provided additional evidence to the literature concerning job insecurity as it focused on temporary workers, examining the effect on mental health by qualitative job insecurity via precariousness of life. Practical implications were discussed.","PeriodicalId":44770,"journal":{"name":"Electronic Journal of Applied Statistical Analysis","volume":"13 1","pages":"634-651"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2020-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42146765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-14DOI: 10.1285/I20705948V13N2P498
F. Antolini, L. Grassini
Measuring economic growth is not only an arithmetic problem, it also involvesan economic vision and a philosophy for the choice of indicators (i.e.Gross Domestic Product). Today it seems more relevant to measure not onlythe economic well-being as it is, using Gross Domestic Product, but also thepeople's well-being, considering other dimensions such as health and happiness.Over the years, national accounts and Gross Domestic Product havenever changed their nature, instead combining social and economic indicatorscan oer important indications for well-being research. As pointed outby the World Health Organization, health is well-being, but it is not alwayscoincident with a high level of Gross Domestic Product. In particular, asregards the mental health condition it has become an important aspect inmeasuring people's well-being. Mental health has been considered an importantsignal of the society's discomfort due to economic growth that, generally,is argued to be caused by the disamenities of the "industrial lifestyle". Thisstudy involves an empirical investigation using a panel econometric model inItalian regions, considering antidepressant expenditures per capita (an expressionof society's unhappiness) as dependent variable and, as covariates,the old age index, the poverty rate, the employment rate, the Neet rate, andthe percentage of public expenditure in services.
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