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Tüketime Sunulan Çiğ Sütlerde Escherichia coli O157:H7 Araştırılması
Pub Date : 2022-12-20 DOI: 10.22312/sdusbed.1202809
Cansu ONLEN GUNERİ, Suna Kizilyildirim
Amaç: Escherichia coli (E.coli) O157:H7 insan sağlığı açısından önemli morbidite ve mortalite nedenlerinden biridir. E. coli O157:H7’ye bağlı enfeksiyonların çoğunluğu gıda kaynaklıdır. Bu çalışmada, Mersin ilinde tüketime sunulan çiğ sütlerde E. coli O157:H7 prevelansının tespiti amaçlanmıştır.Materyal ve Metot: Mersin ilinde çeşitli pazar ve bakkallarda satışa sunulan 60 adet çiğ süt örneği incelenmiştir. Her bir süt numunesi steril kaba alınmış olup, soğuk zincirde bakteriyoloji laboratuvarına getirilmiştir. Süt örneklerinden 25 ml olacak şekilde alınarak, zenginleştirme işlemi için 225 ml olarak hazırlanan Triptic Soy Broth'a inoküle edilmiştir. Zenginleştirme işlemi sonrasında, MacConkey veya Eozin Metilen Blue (EMB) agara kültüre edilmiştir. İnkübasyon sonunda üreyen şüpheli koloniler IMVIC testi ile E. coli olarak doğrulandıktan sonra E. coli O157:H7 araştırılması için Sorbitol-Mac-Conkey (SMAC) agar üzerine inoküle edilmiştir. Soyutlanan izolatlar antimikrobiyal direnç profilleri açısından araştırılmak üzere Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) kılavuzlarına göre Kirby Bauer disk difüzyon yöntemi ile antibiyotik duyarlılık testi yapılmıştır. Bulgular: Analize alınan 60 adet çiğ süt örneğinin iki tanesinde (%3,3) E. coli O157:H7 soyutlanmıştır. E. coli O157:H7 izolatlarının ampisilin ve kloramfenikole karşı dirençli olduğu, gentamisin ve siprofloksasine ise yalnızca birinin dirençli iken diğer izolatın duyarlı olduğu bulundu. Ayrıca her iki izolatın da tetrasiklin, nalidiksik asit ve sefuroksime karşı duyarlı olduğu görüldü.Sonuç: Çiğ süt ve süt ürünlerinin E. coli O157:H7 için kaynak olabileceği ve halk sağlığı açısından risk teşkil edebileceği sonucuna varılmıştır.
目的:大肠杆菌(E.coli)O157:H7 是人类健康中发病和死亡的重要原因之一。大肠杆菌 O157:H7 引起的大多数感染都是通过食物传播的。本研究旨在确定梅尔辛省供食用的生牛奶中大肠杆菌 O157:H7 的流行率。每个牛奶样本都装在无菌容器中,并冷链送至细菌学实验室。取 25 毫升牛奶样本,接种到 225 毫升特里皮克大豆肉汤中进行富集。富集后,在麦康凯或伊红亚甲蓝(EMB)琼脂上培养。通过 IMVIC 测试确认培养结束时长出的可疑菌落为大肠杆菌,并将其接种到山梨醇-麦康凯(SMAC)琼脂上进行大肠杆菌 O157:H7 调查。根据临床和实验室标准研究所(CLSI)的指导原则,采用柯比鲍尔(Kirby Bauer)盘扩散法对分离物进行抗生素敏感性检测。结果在分析的 60 个生乳样本中,有两个样本(3.3%)分离出大肠杆菌 O157:H7。大肠杆菌 O157:H7 分离物对氨苄西林和氯霉素有抗药性,只有一个分离物对庆大霉素和环丙沙星有抗药性,而另一个分离物则对其有抗药性。此外,这两种分离物对四环素、萘啶酸和头孢呋辛均有敏感性:结论:生牛奶和乳制品可能是大肠杆菌 O157:H7 的来源,并可能对公众健康构成威胁。
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引用次数: 1
A Comparison of the Short-Term Efficacy of Physiotherapy Approaches in Patients with Lateral Epicondylitis 物理疗法治疗外上髁炎的近期疗效比较
Pub Date : 2022-12-20 DOI: 10.22312/sdusbed.1133050
Ş. Çakir, A. Tuncer, M. Arpaci, Mine ARGALI DENIZ
The study aimed to investigate the short-term effects of radial nerve self-mobilization [RNSM], manual therapy [MT], and extracorporeal shock wave therapy [ESWT] on pain, pain-free grip strength, functional status, and patient satisfaction in patients with Lateral Epicondylitis [LE] and to determine the superiority of these methods to each other. 48 patients diagnosed with LE were included in the study and were randomly divided into three groups. RNSM was applied to all patients as a home program. The first group [n=16] received only the RNSM as a home program, the MT group [n=16] received MT combined with RNSM, and the ESWT group [n=16] received ESWT combined with RNSM. The RNSM was applied five days per week, and the MT and ESWT for two sessions per week for three weeks. Pain severity, pain-free handgrip strength, functionality levels, and patient satisfaction were evaluated before and after three weeks of treatment. The pain level significantly decreased, and handgrip strength and functionality increased in all groups after three weeks [p<0.001]. In comparison between the groups, the decrease in pain level, the increase in maximum grip strength, and patients' overall satisfaction scores were found to be higher in the MT group than in the ESWT, and only the RNSM groups [p<0.05]. MT application combined with radial nerve self-mobilization exercises in the treatment of LE appears to be more effective.
本研究旨在探讨桡神经自我活动疗法(RNSM)、手工疗法(MT)和体外冲击波疗法(ESWT)对外上髁炎(LE)患者疼痛、无痛握力、功能状态和患者满意度的短期影响,并确定这些方法之间的优越性。48例诊断为LE的患者纳入研究,随机分为三组。RNSM作为家庭项目应用于所有患者。第一组[n=16]只接受RNSM作为家庭项目,MT组[n=16]接受MT联合RNSM, ESWT组[n=16]接受ESWT联合RNSM。RNSM每周应用5天,MT和ESWT每周应用2次,持续3周。在治疗前和治疗后评估疼痛严重程度、无痛握力、功能水平和患者满意度。三周后,所有组的疼痛水平均显著降低,握力和功能均增加[p<0.001]。在组间比较中,MT组疼痛程度的降低、最大握力的增加和患者总体满意度得分均高于ESWT组,且仅高于RNSM组[p<0.05]。MT应用结合桡神经自我活动练习治疗LE似乎更有效。
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引用次数: 0
Rotenon’un İnsan Lenfositlerinde İn Vitro Genotoksisitesi
Pub Date : 2022-12-20 DOI: 10.22312/sdusbed.1199528
Dilek AŞCI ÇELİK, Vehbi Atahan Toğay
Giriş: Rotenon, bir taşıyıcıdan bağımsız olarak hücresel membranları kolayca geçen, lipofilik, geniş spektrumlu insektisit ve pisisit sınıfı bir pestisittir. Bu çalışmada Rotenon’un insan periferik kan lenfositlerinde DNA üzerine olan etkisi comet metodu ile değerlendirilmiştir.Materyal-Metot: Çalışmada 4 erkek 4 kadın toplam 8 gönüllüden alınan periferik kan lenfositleri Rotenon ile 10, 50 veya 100 µM olmak üzere üç farklı dozda ve her bir doz için 1, 2 veya 4 saat olmak üzere üç farklı sürede muamele edilmiştir. Comet metodu uygulanmış ve kuyruk DNA yüzdesi parametresi DNA hasarının göstergesi olarak negatif ve pozitif kontrol grupları ile istatiksel olarak karşılaştırılmıştır.Bulgular: Rotenon uygulamaları inkübasyon saatine ve doza bağlı olarak farklı sonuçlar ortaya koymuştur. 10 veya 50 µM Rotenon ile 1 s ve 2 s inkübasyon uygulanan gruplar negatif kontrol gruplarına kıyasla DNA hasarında artışa sebep olmuş ancak bu artış istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bulunmamıştır (p>0,05). 100 µM doz ile 1 ve 2 s inkübasyon uygulanan gruplar, kontrol gruplarına kıyasla DNA hasarında anlamlı artışa sebep olmuştur (p<0,05). 10, 50 veya 100 µM Rotenon ile 4 s inkübasyon uygulanan gruplarda negatif kontrol grubuna kıyasla DNA hasarında anlamlı seviyede artış tespit edilmiştir (p<0,05).Sonuç: Rotenon maruziyeti kısa süreli ve düşük dozlarda olduğunda DNA hasarında artış olmakla birlikte bu artış anlamlı değildir. Doz yükseldikçe, kısa maruziyet sürelerinde de anlamlı seviyede DNA hasarı oluşmaktadır. Uzun süreli Rotenon maruziyetinde ise doz bağımsız şekilde anlamlı seviyede DNA hasarı görülmektedir.
简介杀螟松是一种亲脂性、广谱杀虫剂和杀螨剂类杀虫剂,可以不依赖载体轻松穿过细胞膜。本研究采用彗星法评估了杀螟酮对人体外周血淋巴细胞中 DNA 的影响。材料-方法:研究中,8 名志愿者(4 男 4 女)的外周血淋巴细胞在三种不同剂量(10、50 或 100 µM)和三种不同时间(每种剂量 1、2 或 4 小时)接受杀螟酮处理。采用彗星法将尾部 DNA 百分比参数与阴性和阳性对照组进行统计比较,作为 DNA 损伤的指标:不同的孵育时间和剂量会导致不同的结果。与阴性对照组相比,用 10 或 50 µM 罗替农孵育 1 秒和 2 秒会导致 DNA 损伤增加,但这种增加没有统计学意义(p>0.05)。与对照组相比,100 µM 剂量及 1 和 2 秒孵育导致 DNA 损伤显著增加(p<0.05)。与阴性对照组相比,用 10、50 或 100 µM 罗替酮孵育 4 秒钟的组检测到 DNA 损伤明显增加(p<0.05):尽管短期和低剂量接触鱼藤酮会增加 DNA 损伤,但这种增加并不显著。随着剂量的增加,DNA 损伤在短时间接触时会达到显著水平。在长期接触鱼藤酮的情况下,会观察到明显的 DNA 损伤,与剂量无关。
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引用次数: 1
Design of Thymol Loaded Dental In Situ Gels; In Vitro Evaluation 百里香酚负载口腔原位凝胶的设计体外评价
Pub Date : 2022-12-20 DOI: 10.22312/sdusbed.1150492
H. K. Polat, S. Gözcü, Huseyin Aksit
Objetive: The aim of the study was to develop thymol thermosensitive in situ gels based on poloxamers in order to prolong dental contact time, control drug release, and enhance dental bioavailability. Materials and Methods: Poloxamer 188 (P188) and poloxamer 407 (P407) were used in varying amounts to designed the in situ gels. Mucoadhesive excipient, like hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC), was transferred to the in situ gels to improve the formulation's ability to adhere to biological surfaces. For the created formulations, in vitro drug release, pH, clarity, and sol-gel transition temperature were all evaluated.Results: The all of in situ gels gelation temperatures of the developed formulations range from 33 to 37°C, pH values are around 7, and syringeability is defined as the amount of force necessary to discharge each formulation from a syringe fitted with a 20-gauge needle. The quantities of P407 and HPMC with the preparations, decreasing in vitro burst release while also increasing the viscosity but every in situ gel formulation releases for six hours. Conclusion:The results show that in situ gels containing P407 and P188 show promise for thymol dental application.
目的:制备百里香酚热敏原位凝胶,以延长口腔接触时间,控制药物释放,提高口腔生物利用度。材料与方法:采用不同用量的poloxam188 (P188)和poloxam407 (P407)设计原位凝胶。黏附赋形剂,如羟丙基甲基纤维素(HPMC),被转移到原位凝胶中,以提高制剂粘附生物表面的能力。对所制备的制剂进行了体外药物释放度、pH值、透明度和溶胶-凝胶转变温度的评估。结果:开发的配方的所有原位凝胶凝胶化温度范围为33至37°C, pH值约为7,注射器的可注射性定义为从装有20号针的注射器中排出每种配方所需的力。P407和HPMC的含量随制剂的增加而降低体外爆发释放,同时增加黏度,但每个原位凝胶制剂释放时间为6小时。结论:含P407和P188的百里酚原位凝胶具有良好的口腔应用前景。
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引用次数: 1
Determination of Phytochemical Profile, Antiquorum Sensing and Antioxidant Activities of Tragopogon oligolepis 矮角角甲植物化学特征、抗菌素感应及抗氧化活性的测定
Pub Date : 2022-12-20 DOI: 10.22312/sdusbed.1193199
Ahu Reis, Tuğba Mazlum Şen, E. Önem, Özlem Saral, Mutlu Gültepe
Objective: In this study it was aimed to examine antiquorum sensing, antioxidant activities by using root and aerial parts extracts of Tragopogon oligolepis. Also phenolic content was detected using HPLC analysis.Material-Method: Antioxidant activity was detected by DPPH, FRAP methods and phenolic content HPLC. Antiquorum sensing activity was investigated by using pyocyanin and swarming motility assay on Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1. Results: Phytochemical profile findings showed that 12 components were detected in the root and 10 components in the aerial parts. The main components were found chlorogenic acid and o-coumaric acid. According to the obtained of antioxidant levels the aerial parts extracts of T. oligolepis had the best antioxidant property in our results. The amount of DPPH (0.60 ± 0.01 mg/ml) and phenolic content (6.55±0.18 mg GAE/g sample) was determined to be high in the aerial parts. In the FRAP analysis, high reducing power was found in the roots (12.62±0.36 μmol FeSO4/g sample). According to these results, although T. oligolepis extracts do not reach very high amounts in terms of antioxidant results, it is thought to be a plant that can be evaluated in terms of removing oxidant effects. The results of antiquorum sensing activity showed that both root and aerial parts extract showed strong inhibitory effect on swarming motility 62%, %65 rate respectively.Conclusions: Tragopogon oligolepis, an endemic species, can be evaluated as an antiquorum sensing inhibitor candidate with its phytochemical contents.
目的:研究少角甲根和地上部位提取物的抗虫感应和抗氧化活性。用高效液相色谱法测定酚类物质含量。材料-方法:采用DPPH法、FRAP法和高效液相色谱法检测其抗氧化活性。采用花青素法和蜂群运动法研究了铜绿假单胞菌PAO1的抗群体感应活性。结果:根部共检出12种成分,地上部共检出10种成分。主要成分为绿原酸和邻香豆酸。根据测定的抗氧化水平,本实验结果中以少叶皂苷地上部位提取物的抗氧化性能最好。测定其DPPH含量(0.60±0.01 mg/ml)和酚类含量(6.55±0.18 mg GAE/g样品)较高。在FRAP分析中,发现根具有较高的还原力(12.62±0.36 μmol FeSO4/g样品)。根据这些研究结果,虽然短叶皂苷提取物在抗氧化效果方面没有达到很高的水平,但它被认为是一种可以在去除氧化作用方面进行评估的植物。抗虫群感应活性结果表明,根提取物和地上部位提取物对蜂群运动均有较强的抑制作用,分别为62%和65%。结论:小角甲是我国特有物种,其植物化学成分可作为抗虫群感应抑制剂。
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引用次数: 0
Birinci Mesajcılar ve Reseptörlerine Genel Bakış
Pub Date : 2022-12-20 DOI: 10.22312/sdusbed.1208717
Esma Selçuk, Nilüfer ŞAHİN CALAPOĞLU
Sinyal molekülleri, hücreler arasında biyolojik bilginin taşınmasında ve uygun yanıtın oluşmasında kilit rol oynamaktadır. Bir sinyal molekülü reseptörüne bağlandığında hücre çoğalması, farklılaşması, hareketi, metabolizması ve davranışı gibi hayati olayların düzenlenmesi için hücre içi yanıtlar başlatır. Hücre içi sinyal moleküllerinin etki mekanizması reseptörlerin lokalizasyonundan etkilenir. Reseptörler, hedef hücrenin zarında, sitoplazmasında veya nukleusunda yer alan, istenen etkinin oluşmasını sağlayan proteinlerdir. Sinyalizasyon için sentezlenen birinci mesajcılar yapılarına göre hücre içinde veya hücre membranında yer alan reseptörlerine bağlanır. Ligand reseptöre bağlandığında reseptörün özelliklerini değiştirerek hücrede gerekli uyarının oluşmasını sağlar.
信号分子在细胞间传递生物信息和产生适当反应方面发挥着关键作用。当信号分子与其受体结合时,就会启动细胞内反应,调节细胞增殖、分化、运动、新陈代谢和行为等重要事件。细胞内信号分子的作用机制受受体定位的影响。受体是位于膜上、细胞质中或目标细胞核中的蛋白质,它能使所需的效应发生。为传递信号而合成的第一信使根据其结构与位于细胞内或细胞膜上的受体结合。配体与受体结合后,会改变受体的特性,并对细胞产生必要的刺激。
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引用次数: 0
Tıp Fakültesi Öğrencilerinde Koku ve Uyku Kalitesi İlişkisinin Araştırılması
Pub Date : 2022-12-20 DOI: 10.22312/sdusbed.1088376
A. Yalçin, Ülker Tunca, M. Saygin, Önder Öztürk, Sadettin Çalışkan, Yücel Kurt
Amaç: Tıp Fakültesi öğrencilerinde uyku kalitesi ve koku arasındaki ilişkinin araştırılması planlandı.Materyal-Metot: Çalışmamız klinik araştırmalar etik kurulu tarafından onaylandı. Kesitsel tipte olan araştırmamızda üniversitemizin tıp fakültesi öğrencilerine sosyodemografik özellikler anketi, uyku kalitesini değerlendirmeye yönelik Pittsburg uyku kalite indeksi (PUKI) ve koku-uyku anketi uygulandı.Bulgular: Çalışmamıza; 91 (%46,9) kadın öğrenci ve 103 (%53,1) erkek öğrenci dâhil edildi. Çalışmaya dâhil olan öğrencilerin yaş ortalaması 21,91±1,94, öğrencilerin %42,2’sini (n=79) 1000 TL ve üzerinde kazandığı, 87 (%44,8) kişinin apartta kalmakta dığı, 149 (%76,8) kişinin sigara ve 143 (%73,7) kişinin alkol kullanmadığı tespit edildi. Katılımcılardan 165 (%86,4) kişi karanlık ortamda uyumayı tercih ettiğini belirtti. Çalışmaya katılan öğrencilerin 160 (%82,9)’ı gürültü, 149 (%77,2)’u ışık, 145 (%75,1)’i ortamın ısı düzeyi, 122 (%63,2)’si fiziksel olarak yatak yapısı, 107 (%55,4)’si ortamın kirli olması ve 106 (%54,9)’sı ortamın kötü kokması gibi faktörlerin uyku kalitelerini etkilediğini düşünmekteydi. dü. Koku uyku arasındaki ilişkiye 89 (%45,9) kişi, koku ile hafıza arasında ilişkisine 70 (%36,1) kişi katılıyorum kesinlikle evet cevabını verdi. Çalışmamızdaki toplam PUKİ ölçeği ortalaması 12,88±5,60 olarak bulundu. Dönem I ve II öğrencilerinde uykuya yatış zamanı arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark vardı (p=0,040). Dönem II öğrencilerinde yatış zamanın uzadığı bulundu. Çalışmamıza katılan öğrencilerin dönem II ve dönem III öğrencileri arasında uykuya dalma süresinde anlamlı farklılık bulundu var (p=0,017). Çalışmamıza dâhil olan öğrencilerin uykuya dalma sırasındaki uyku kalitesi istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bulundu (p<0,05).Sonuç: Kaliteli bir uyku için, koku ile uyku süreci arasında bir bağlantı olabileceği düşünülmektedir.
材料-方法:我们的研究获得了临床研究伦理委员会的批准:材料-方法:我们的研究获得了临床研究伦理委员会的批准。在横断面研究中,我们对本校医学生进行了社会人口学特征问卷调查、用于评估睡眠质量的皮茨堡睡眠质量指数(PSQI)和气味-睡眠问卷调查:在我们的研究中,有 91 名(46.9%)女生和 103 名(53.1%)男生参与。平均年龄为(21.91±1.94)岁,42.2%(n=79)的学生收入在 1000 土耳其里拉或以上,87(44.8%)的学生住在公寓,149(76.8%)的学生不吸烟,143(73.7%)的学生不饮酒。165(86.4%)名参与者表示他们喜欢在黑暗的环境中睡觉。在参与研究的学生中,有 160 人(82.9%)认为噪音、149 人(77.2%)光线、145 人(75.1%)环境温度、122 人(63.2%)床的物理结构、107 人(55.4%)环境脏乱和 106 人(54.9%)环境有异味等因素会影响他们的睡眠质量。89(45.9%)人对气味与睡眠的关系回答 "是",70(36.1%)人对气味与记忆的关系回答 "是"。本研究的 PDQI 总分平均值为 12.88±5.60。第一学期和第二学期学生的入睡时间差异有统计学意义(P=0.040)。研究发现,第二学期学生的入睡时间延长。第二学期和第三学期学生的入睡时间有明显差异(P=0,017)。我们研究的学生在入睡时的睡眠质量有统计学意义(P<0.05):结论:我们认为,气味与睡眠过程之间可能存在联系,有助于提高睡眠质量。
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引用次数: 0
Examination of the Effect of Short-term Whole Body Vibration Training on Flexibility, Endurance and Dynamic Balance In Healthy Young People: A Randomized Controlled Study 短期全身振动训练对健康年轻人柔韧性、耐力和动态平衡的影响:一项随机对照研究
Pub Date : 2022-12-20 DOI: 10.22312/sdusbed.1072810
E. Gur Kabul, B. Başakçı Çalık, U. Baş Aslan, Fatma Taskin
Objective: To investigate the effect of short-term (3 weeks) whole body vibration training (WBVT) in healthy young people. Materials and Methods: Seventy six healthy individuals (mean age=22.55±1.22 years, 41 females and 35 males) were included in the study. Participants were randomly divided into two groups as WBVT group (n=41) and control group (n=35). WBVT, consisting of 14 exercises for the trunk and lower extremities, was applied to the WBVT group 3 times a week for 3 weeks. The control group did not receive any training. Flexibility, lower extremity endurance, trunk endurance and dynamic balance respectively; measured with sit and reach test, sit and stand test, Biering Sorensen tests, lateral bridge and shuttle, Y balance test. All measurements were made at baseline and at the end of the 3rd week. Results: After 3 weeks, in WBVT group, curl up test (p=0.023), chair stand test (p=0.015) and Y balance test were perfomed on right anterior (p=0.003), right posteromedial (p=0.001), right posterolateral (p=0.001), left anterior (p=0.001), left posterolateral (p=0.000), and left posteromedial (p=0.000) aspects were significant. In the control group, the results in the right anterior (p=0.019) and left anterior (p=0.025) aspects of the Y balance test were significant. When the delta values were compared, the difference in the right (p=0.018) and left (p=0.006) posterolateral directions of the Y balance test; it was significant in favor of the WBVT group. Conclusion: It was observed that short-term whole body vibration training had positive effects on trunk flexor endurance and dynamic balance in healthy young people. New insights into the use of musculoskeletal rehabilitation and sports training programs can be provided by WBVT. Further studies are needed to examine the effectiveness of whole-body vibration training by comparing different loads, volumes and types.
目的:探讨短期(3周)全身振动训练(WBVT)对健康青年的影响。材料与方法:健康个体76例(平均年龄22.55±1.22岁),其中女性41例,男性35例。将参与者随机分为两组:WBVT组(n=41)和对照组(n=35)。WBVT组每周进行3次,共14项躯干及下肢运动,连续3周。对照组不接受任何训练。柔韧性、下肢耐力、躯干耐力和动态平衡;采用坐及及试验、坐及站试验、Biering Sorensen试验、横向桥梭试验、Y平衡试验进行测量。所有测量均在基线和第3周结束时进行。结果:3周后,WBVT组在右前(p=0.003)、右后内侧(p=0.001)、右后外侧(p=0.001)、左前(p=0.001)、左后外侧(p=0.000)、左后内侧(p=0.000)各方面进行了卷曲试验(p=0.023)、椅架试验(p=0.015)和Y平衡试验,差异均有统计学意义。对照组右前侧(p=0.019)和左前侧(p=0.025) Y平衡试验结果均有显著性差异。比较δ值时,Y平衡试验右后外侧(p=0.018)和左后外侧(p=0.006)的差异;这对WBVT组有利。结论:观察到短期全身振动训练对健康青年躯干屈肌耐力和动态平衡有积极的影响。关于肌肉骨骼康复和运动训练项目的新见解可以由WBVT提供。需要进一步的研究来检验全身振动训练的有效性,通过比较不同的负荷,体积和类型。
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引用次数: 0
Is a Vegetarian Diet Safe to Follow During Childhood? 儿童时期吃素食安全吗?
Pub Date : 2022-12-20 DOI: 10.22312/sdusbed.1109723
A. Yiğit, G. Samur
Vegetarianism is characterized by the exclusion of all animal flesh foods from the diet, including meat and fish. The more restricted form is a vegan diet that excludes all animal-derived food, including milk, dairy products, and eggs. During past decades questions have been raised about whether vegetarian diets are suitable during all stages of life and during the fast growth period. Nutrition during pregnancy and lactation is a potentially modifiable risk factor as it is an important determinant of lifetime disease risk. Therefore, it is of great importance to encourage mothers to have adequate and balanced nutrition during pregnancy and lactation. Infancy, childhood, and adolescence are critical periods, and nutritional requirements become crucial to be met during this time. Children on vegetarian diets might be at risk of certain nutrient deficiencies such as n-3 fatty acids, vitamin B12, iron, and zinc. Furthermore, the nutritional habits acquired during this period may influence dietary patterns and the risk of disease later in life. Most of the studies investigating the effect of vegetarian diets on children are outdated. There is a lot of controversy regarding the safety of vegetarian diets in childhood, and more longitudinal studies are needed. This review focuses on the effects of vegetarian diets in children and the health consequences of vegetarian diets.
素食主义的特点是不吃任何动物肉,包括肉和鱼。更严格的形式是素食,不包括所有动物来源的食物,包括牛奶、奶制品和鸡蛋。在过去的几十年里,人们提出了关于素食是否适用于生命的各个阶段和快速生长时期的问题。孕期和哺乳期的营养是一个潜在的可改变的危险因素,因为它是终生疾病风险的重要决定因素。因此,鼓励妈妈在孕期和哺乳期营养充足、均衡是非常重要的。婴儿期、儿童期和青春期是关键时期,在此期间满足营养需求至关重要。吃素的孩子可能会有某些营养缺乏的风险,比如n-3脂肪酸、维生素B12、铁和锌。此外,这一时期养成的营养习惯可能会影响日后的饮食模式和患病风险。大多数调查素食对儿童影响的研究都过时了。关于儿童素食的安全性有很多争议,需要更多的纵向研究。这篇综述的重点是素食对儿童的影响以及素食对健康的影响。
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引用次数: 0
Serum Metalloproteinase-2 and Tissue İnhibitor Metalloproteinase-1 Levels As a Biomarker in Patients With Osteoarthritis Due To Brucella İnfection 血清金属蛋白酶-2和组织İnhibitor金属蛋白酶-1水平作为布鲁氏菌所致骨关节炎患者的生物标志物İnfection
Pub Date : 2022-12-20 DOI: 10.22312/sdusbed.1138497
M. Güzel, O. Akpınar, Veysel Atilla Ayyildiz, M. C. Şirin
Objectives: It was aimed to investigate the usability of MMP-2 and TIMP-1 levels as biomarkers in the oosteoarticular complications of brucellosis. Methods: The subjects were categorized into three groups as the healthy control group, brucella group, and brucella patients with osteoarticular involvement groups. Before medical treatment, serum samples from patients and control groups were stored at -80ºC until the day of study. MMP-2 and TIMP-1 serum levels were quantified by the ELISA method.Results: Serum level of MMP-2 (mean ± SD) in healthy control group was 1.71 +/- 0.10 ng / mL. Brucella patient group and Osteoarticular complıcation group were 14.3 +/- 2.52 ng / ml 20.65 +/- 2.33 ng / ml respectively (p=0.001). The mean TIMP-1 level in the control group was 3578.96 +/- 67.2 ng / mL, while in the Brucella group, this rate was 998.27 +/- 66.7 ng / mL and in the bone involvement group, 1656. 17 +/- 17.3 ng / ml. The difference between the control group and the brucella patients and the complicated group was statistically significant (p= 0.001). Conclusions: We think that the significant change in serum levels of MMP-2 and TIMP-1 when evaluated together with the radiological method, can be used as a biochemical indicator of the development of osteoarticular complications.
目的:研究MMP-2和TIMP-1水平作为布鲁氏菌病骨关节并发症生物标志物的可用性。方法:将研究对象分为健康对照组、布鲁氏菌组和布鲁氏菌骨关节受累组。治疗前,患者和对照组的血清样本在-80ºC保存至研究当天。ELISA法测定血清MMP-2、TIMP-1水平。结果:健康对照组血清MMP-2水平(平均±SD)为1.71 +/- 0.10 ng / mL,布鲁氏菌患者组和骨关节complıcation组分别为14.3 +/- 2.52 ng / mL和20.65 +/- 2.33 ng / mL (p=0.001)。对照组的平均TIMP-1水平为3578.96 +/- 67.2 ng / mL,布鲁氏菌组的平均TIMP-1水平为998.27 +/- 66.7 ng / mL,骨受损伤组的平均TIMP-1水平为1656 ng / mL。17 +/- 17.3 ng / ml,对照组与布鲁氏菌患者及并发症组比较差异有统计学意义(p= 0.001)。结论:我们认为血清MMP-2和TIMP-1水平的显著变化与放射学方法相结合,可作为骨关节并发症发生的生化指标。
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