Although Swedish housing standards are high and young adults leave the parental home relatively early, there are indications that for certain groups housing has, in recent years, become less accessible. We analyse how housing characteristics affect intermunicipal mobility for different age cohorts and estimate a panel data gravity model that models migration as a function of origin and destination characteristics. The results suggest that new construction in the past two decades has negatively affected migration within commuting regions more than migration between commuting regions. For metropolitan areas, there are considerable negative effects on net migration from other commuter regions because new construction has not kept pace with population growth. The effects are stronger for young adults (20-44) compared to older adults (45-74). Further, we find that, while new construction stimulates mobility for all age cohorts, the estimated relationship is weaker for the youngest adults; indicating a need for more variation in new construction to satisfy different needs. Also, we find that the decreased share of rentals since 1992 have negatively affected the short-distance mobility of the youngest adults while the effect is weaker or even positive for the remaining age cohorts.
{"title":"Who Benefits from More Housing? A Panel Data Study on the Role of Housing in the Intermunicipal Migration of Different Age Cohorts in Sweden","authors":"Peter Karpestam","doi":"10.52324/001C.7994","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52324/001C.7994","url":null,"abstract":"Although Swedish housing standards are high and young adults leave the parental home relatively early, there are indications that for certain groups housing has, in recent years, become less accessible. We analyse how housing characteristics affect intermunicipal mobility for different age cohorts and estimate a panel data gravity model that models migration as a function of origin and destination characteristics. The results suggest that new construction in the past two decades has negatively affected migration within commuting regions more than migration between commuting regions. For metropolitan areas, there are considerable negative effects on net migration from other commuter regions because new construction has not kept pace with population growth. The effects are stronger for young adults (20-44) compared to older adults (45-74). Further, we find that, while new construction stimulates mobility for all age cohorts, the estimated relationship is weaker for the youngest adults; indicating a need for more variation in new construction to satisfy different needs. Also, we find that the decreased share of rentals since 1992 have negatively affected the short-distance mobility of the youngest adults while the effect is weaker or even positive for the remaining age cohorts.","PeriodicalId":44865,"journal":{"name":"Review of Regional Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2018-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84289422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Studies of whether unemployment leads to more or fewer firm births and whether firm births reduce unemployment have produced mixed, inconclusive, and even conflicting results. A group of studies have attempted to reconcile these findings by exploring the possibility that the assumed linear relationship may break down and become non-linear, as might be the case if the relationships were space- and time-variant. However, these studies have also produced inconclusive results. The current study extends the analysis in this small but growing literature from the usual single- and multi-country level to the sub-country level while paying particular attention to the role of spatial effects in the firm creation process. We do this by combining spatial exploratory data analysis and spatial econometrics based on panel data for 365 counties in the Mid-Atlantic region from 1999 to 2010. The results show that spatial effects play a crucial role in this process and that ignoring them substantially underestimates the long-run effects of unemployment on firm births. The results also reveal a robust and statistically significant inverted U-shaped relationship in which rising unemployment raises the firm birth rate up to a certain threshold. In addition, a U-shaped relationship where rising firm births lower unemployment for a period but subsequently increase it is observed. These non-linear results help explain some of the conflicting findings in the literature.
{"title":"Unemployment and Entrepreneurship in the Mid-Atlantic Region of the United States: A Spatial Panel Data Analysis","authors":"Ismail M. Cole","doi":"10.52324/001c.7992","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52324/001c.7992","url":null,"abstract":"Studies of whether unemployment leads to more or fewer firm births and whether firm births reduce unemployment have produced mixed, inconclusive, and even conflicting results. A group of studies have attempted to reconcile these findings by exploring the possibility that the assumed linear relationship may break down and become non-linear, as might be the case if the relationships were space- and time-variant. However, these studies have also produced inconclusive results. The current study extends the analysis in this small but growing literature from the usual single- and multi-country level to the sub-country level while paying particular attention to the role of spatial effects in the firm creation process. We do this by combining spatial exploratory data analysis and spatial econometrics based on panel data for 365 counties in the Mid-Atlantic region from 1999 to 2010. The results show that spatial effects play a crucial role in this process and that ignoring them substantially underestimates the long-run effects of unemployment on firm births. The results also reveal a robust and statistically significant inverted U-shaped relationship in which rising unemployment raises the firm birth rate up to a certain threshold. In addition, a U-shaped relationship where rising firm births lower unemployment for a period but subsequently increase it is observed. These non-linear results help explain some of the conflicting findings in the literature.","PeriodicalId":44865,"journal":{"name":"Review of Regional Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2018-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89755554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this paper, we exploit the plausibly exogenous random relocation of slum dwellers in Pune, India to evaluate whether the provision of a formal title is capitalized into property values. Using propensity score matching methods, which address important sources of bias that are present in conventional Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) hedonic methods, we find no effect of titling. Our results suggest that slum improvements may be sufficient to enhance informal tenure rights and that formalizing those rights with a title has little additional impact. An analysis of heterogeneous treatment effects from titling confirms this conclusion, providing preliminary evidence when titling may complement or substitute for other slum interventions.
{"title":"Does Titling Matter? Evidence from Housing Markets in India","authors":"J. Landry, A. Bento, Somik V. Lall","doi":"10.52324/001c.7993","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52324/001c.7993","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we exploit the plausibly exogenous random relocation of slum dwellers in Pune, India to evaluate whether the provision of a formal title is capitalized into property values. Using propensity score matching methods, which address important sources of bias that are present in conventional Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) hedonic methods, we find no effect of titling. Our results suggest that slum improvements may be sufficient to enhance informal tenure rights and that formalizing those rights with a title has little additional impact. An analysis of heterogeneous treatment effects from titling confirms this conclusion, providing preliminary evidence when titling may complement or substitute for other slum interventions.","PeriodicalId":44865,"journal":{"name":"Review of Regional Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2018-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78831976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The income gap between the richest and the poorest areas in Italy has increased in the last decades. We study the sources of regional wealth that can explain the differences in income and compare rich and poor areas to provide suggestions on how to bridge the gap. A multivariate adaptive regression splines (MARS) analysis is used to detect the relevant GDP determinants, and a fixed effects model is used to investigate the regional characteristics. The effects of the 2007 crisis are evident in all regions, and some structural weaknesses in the less wealthy areas limit the opportunities to exit the recession and close many socioeconomic gaps with the wealthiest regions.
{"title":"The Italian Regional Dualism: A MARS and Panel Data Analysis","authors":"Iacopo Odoardi","doi":"10.52324/001c.7991","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52324/001c.7991","url":null,"abstract":"The income gap between the richest and the poorest areas in Italy has increased in the last decades. We study the sources of regional wealth that can explain the differences in income and compare rich and poor areas to provide suggestions on how to bridge the gap. A multivariate adaptive regression splines (MARS) analysis is used to detect the relevant GDP determinants, and a fixed effects model is used to investigate the regional characteristics. The effects of the 2007 crisis are evident in all regions, and some structural weaknesses in the less wealthy areas limit the opportunities to exit the recession and close many socioeconomic gaps with the wealthiest regions.","PeriodicalId":44865,"journal":{"name":"Review of Regional Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2018-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79412989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The success or failure of economic actors depends on a variety of factors, which I sort into three groups: attitudes and values, endowments, and rules. Of these three, we only fully control for factors in the first group. Factors in the other two groups are determined by luck, though through individual effort we may enhance them, particularly endowments such as talent or inherited resources. As individuals, most of us have no or very little influence on rules. Rules depend on power, and most people exercise power only indirectly as members of a group or groups. In this address, I focus on the rules, which also means that I focus on power, a neglected topic in economic development, and in modern economics in general.
{"title":"The Rules of the Game","authors":"P. Schaeffer","doi":"10.52324/001c.7988","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52324/001c.7988","url":null,"abstract":"The success or failure of economic actors depends on a variety of factors, which I sort into three groups: attitudes and values, endowments, and rules. Of these three, we only fully control for factors in the first group. Factors in the other two groups are determined by luck, though through individual effort we may enhance them, particularly endowments such as talent or inherited resources. As individuals, most of us have no or very little influence on rules. Rules depend on power, and most people exercise power only indirectly as members of a group or groups. In this address, I focus on the rules, which also means that I focus on power, a neglected topic in economic development, and in modern economics in general.","PeriodicalId":44865,"journal":{"name":"Review of Regional Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2018-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76778089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper uses input-output accounting methods to identify the direct, indirect and induced physical demand for water. Previously the seminal work by Leontief (1970) has been employed to motivate a fuller account of issues related to sectors that generate and sectors that clean/treat polluting outputs (Allan et al 2007). The present paper extends this approach to deal with sectors that use a natural resource and the sector(s) that supply it. We focus on the case of water use and supply and a case study for the Welsh regional economy. The analysis shows how the proposed method, using both the quantity input-output model and the associated price dual, can be used to consider economy wide implications of the deviation between actual expenditure on the output of the water sector and actual physical water use. The price paid per physical amount of water appears to vary greatly amongst different uses. This may occur for various reasons. We argue that such analysis and information is essential for policy makers and regulators in understanding the demands on and supply of UK regional water resources, their role in supporting economic expansion, and can ultimately inform water sustainability objectives and strategies.
本文采用投入产出核算方法，对水资源的直接、间接和诱导需要量进行了核算。此前，Leontief(1970)的开创性工作已被用于激发对生产部门和清洁/处理污染产出部门相关问题的更全面描述(Allan et al . 2007)。本文将这一方法扩展到处理使用自然资源的部门和提供自然资源的部门。我们专注于水的使用和供应的情况下，并为威尔士地区经济的案例研究。分析表明，使用数量投入产出模型和相关价格二元模型的拟议方法如何能够用于考虑水部门产出的实际支出与实际物理用水之间的偏差对经济的广泛影响。在不同的用途之间，每物理量的水所支付的价格似乎差别很大。这可能是由于各种原因造成的。我们认为，这样的分析和信息对于政策制定者和监管者理解英国区域水资源的需求和供应、它们在支持经济扩张中的作用至关重要，并最终可以为水的可持续性目标和战略提供信息。
{"title":"Physical Water Use and Water Sector Activity in Environmental Input-Output Analysis","authors":"O. Alabi, M. Munday, K. Swales, K. Turner","doi":"10.52324/001c.9677","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52324/001c.9677","url":null,"abstract":"This paper uses input-output accounting methods to identify the direct, indirect and induced physical demand for water. Previously the seminal work by Leontief (1970) has been employed to motivate a fuller account of issues related to sectors that generate and sectors that clean/treat polluting outputs (Allan et al 2007). The present paper extends this approach to deal with sectors that use a natural resource and the sector(s) that supply it. We focus on the case of water use and supply and a case study for the Welsh regional economy. The analysis shows how the proposed method, using both the quantity input-output model and the associated price dual, can be used to consider economy wide implications of the deviation between actual expenditure on the output of the water sector and actual physical water use. The price paid per physical amount of water appears to vary greatly amongst different uses. This may occur for various reasons. We argue that such analysis and information is essential for policy makers and regulators in understanding the demands on and supply of UK regional water resources, their role in supporting economic expansion, and can ultimately inform water sustainability objectives and strategies.","PeriodicalId":44865,"journal":{"name":"Review of Regional Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2018-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75016579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study investigates the impact of various factors on the ex ante real interest rate yield on high grade municipal bonds. The AR/2SLS estimation implies that this ex ante real interest rate is an increasing function of the ex ante real interest rate yield on thirty-year Treasury bonds while being a decreasing function of net capital flows. The yield in question also is found to have been negatively impacted by the Depository Institutions Deregulation and Monetary Control Act. Furthermore, the estimation finds that this interest rate measure is a decreasing function of the maximum marginal federal personal income tax rate. In addition, it is found that, in the presence of an interaction term, the ex ante real interest rate yield on high grade municipals is an increasing function not only of the budget deficit but also the aggregate tax gap. The policy implications of these results include the need to limit the extent of budget deficits and to also limit the extent of income tax evasion in the U.S., lest there will be significant limitations placed on the ability of towns, cities, counties, and states to create new infrastructure in response to changing demographic and economic circumstances and/or maintain existing infrastructure.
{"title":"Reflections on and Inquiry into Unfamiliar as well as Familar Factors that may Influence the Market for Municipal Bonds","authors":"R. Cebula","doi":"10.52324/001c.7996","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52324/001c.7996","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigates the impact of various factors on the ex ante real interest rate yield on high grade municipal bonds. The AR/2SLS estimation implies that this ex ante real interest rate is an increasing function of the ex ante real interest rate yield on thirty-year Treasury bonds while being a decreasing function of net capital flows. The yield in question also is found to have been negatively impacted by the Depository Institutions Deregulation and Monetary Control Act. Furthermore, the estimation finds that this interest rate measure is a decreasing function of the maximum marginal federal personal income tax rate. In addition, it is found that, in the presence of an interaction term, the ex ante real interest rate yield on high grade municipals is an increasing function not only of the budget deficit but also the aggregate tax gap. The policy implications of these results include the need to limit the extent of budget deficits and to also limit the extent of income tax evasion in the U.S., lest there will be significant limitations placed on the ability of towns, cities, counties, and states to create new infrastructure in response to changing demographic and economic circumstances and/or maintain existing infrastructure.","PeriodicalId":44865,"journal":{"name":"Review of Regional Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2018-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78603382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Poor mental health creates significant economic costs, in addition to human suffering, and is a growing world-wide concern, especially with an aging population. To estimate the cost of this disease in the U.S., we adopt a conventional economic growth model and include the number of poor mental health days (PMHD) as a right-hand side variable. Controlling for various county-level variables associated with income growth, our results suggest that one additional PMHD is associated with a 1.84 percentage point lower per capita real income growth rate, or $53 billion less total annual income, across the U.S. between 2008 and 2014. This effect is in addition to the income losses associated with the Great Recession.
{"title":"The Effect of Mental Health on US County Economic Growth","authors":"Meri Davlasheridze, S. Goetz, Yicheol Han","doi":"10.52324/001c.7997","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52324/001c.7997","url":null,"abstract":"Poor mental health creates significant economic costs, in addition to human suffering, and is a growing world-wide concern, especially with an aging population. To estimate the cost of this disease in the U.S., we adopt a conventional economic growth model and include the number of poor mental health days (PMHD) as a right-hand side variable. Controlling for various county-level variables associated with income growth, our results suggest that \u0000one additional PMHD is associated with a 1.84 percentage point lower per capita real income growth rate, or $53 billion less total annual income, across the U.S. between 2008 and 2014. This effect is in addition to the income losses associated with the Great Recession.","PeriodicalId":44865,"journal":{"name":"Review of Regional Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2018-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81597122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Knowledge spillovers are critical for innovation and new value creation in an increasingly knowledge-intensive economy. The substantial scholarly attention on knowledge spillovers has shown that there is a rapid distance decay associated with knowledge spillovers and that there is a positive state border ei¬€ect. We show that the ei¬€ects of distance, technology proximity, and the state border ei¬€ect on knowledge flows are dependent on the size of the regions (MSAs) involved in the knowledge flow. Not accounting for innovation size (innovative communities and social relationships) in the flow of knowledge across origin-destination regions results in aggregation bias in the parameter estimates. Knowledge spillovers are more localized for small innovation MSAs than for large ones. Distance is not as much of a resistance factor in knowledge flow for larger innovation metro areas compared with smaller regions. Spatial origin and destination ei¬€ects due to technology compatibility of neighboring regions do not affect the knowledge flow among large innovation MSAs, but do have an effect when small MSAs interact with large MSAs.
{"title":"Knowledge Flows Among US Metro Areas: Innovative Activity, Proximity, and the Border Effect","authors":"Nivedita Mukherji, Jonathan Silberman","doi":"10.52324/001c.7999","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52324/001c.7999","url":null,"abstract":"Knowledge spillovers are critical for innovation and new value creation in an increasingly knowledge-intensive economy. The substantial scholarly attention on knowledge spillovers has shown that there is a rapid distance decay associated with knowledge spillovers and that there is a positive state border ei¬€ect. We show that the ei¬€ects of distance, technology proximity, and the state border ei¬€ect on knowledge flows are dependent on the size of the regions (MSAs) involved in the knowledge flow. Not accounting for innovation size (innovative communities and social relationships) in the flow of knowledge across origin-destination regions results in aggregation bias in the parameter estimates. Knowledge spillovers are more localized for small innovation MSAs than for large ones. Distance is not as much of a resistance factor in knowledge flow for larger innovation metro areas compared with smaller regions. Spatial origin and destination ei¬€ects due to technology compatibility of neighboring regions do not affect the knowledge flow among large innovation MSAs, but do have an effect when small MSAs interact with large MSAs.","PeriodicalId":44865,"journal":{"name":"Review of Regional Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2018-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84432526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Opioid overdose is the leading cause of unintentional death in the U.S. Narcan TM (Naloxone) is a prescription medicine that can reverse overdose effects. This research investigates the effect of Naloxone access laws on overdose death rates using state and temporal variation in the enactment of these laws. We also explore possible spillover effects between Naloxone access laws and overdose death rates across states. Our analyses reveal that when broken down by access law provisions, there exists a mixture of positive and negative effects on overdose death rates depending upon the provision. The results indicate that Naloxone access provisions have regional impacts by influencing overdose death rates within the state enacted and have a spillover effect in neighboring states. The magnitude of spillover effects is larger than direct effects in the states. Looking across multiple provisions, our findings provide no statistical evidence that these laws reduce opioid death rates.
{"title":"The Impact of Naloxone Access Laws on Opioid Overdose Deaths in the U.S.","authors":"Elham Erfanian, A. Collins, D. Grossman","doi":"10.52324/001c.7932","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52324/001c.7932","url":null,"abstract":"Opioid overdose is the leading cause of unintentional death in the U.S. Narcan TM (Naloxone) is a prescription medicine that can reverse overdose effects. This research investigates the effect of Naloxone access laws on overdose death rates using state and temporal variation in the enactment of these laws. We also explore possible spillover effects between Naloxone access laws and overdose death rates across states. Our analyses reveal that when broken down by access law provisions, there exists a mixture of positive and negative effects on overdose death rates depending upon the provision. The results indicate that Naloxone access provisions have regional impacts by influencing overdose death rates within the state enacted and have a spillover effect in neighboring states. The magnitude of spillover effects is larger than direct effects in the states. Looking across multiple provisions, our findings provide no statistical evidence that these laws reduce opioid death rates.","PeriodicalId":44865,"journal":{"name":"Review of Regional Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2018-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85944950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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