Roberth Steven Gutiérrez-Murillo, Patricia Krieger Grossi, Walfrido Kuhl Svoboda
Following the World Health Organization’s declaration of the new coronavirus as a pandemic, nations had to act swiftly to draft effective strategies for the prevention and containment of COVID-19. International literature highlights a range of approaches taken by countries, with varying degrees of success, as measured by the quality and responsiveness of their public health systems. This brief perspective proposes a critical-gerontological reflection on the Central American countries, highlighting the divergent regional approaches to the pandemic that resulted in unequal figures between nations. Despite the intention to face the health challenge collectively, varying governmental positions had a direct impact on the health of the older population. Costa Rica and Panama responded similarly to the crisis, showcasing their better social and health scenarios compared to their peers. The Central American approach to public health was tailored to the political ideology of each country, rather than adhering to the common objectives set by the regional integration scheme in place. Despite the pandemic posing a challenge, the region remains committed to building universal, equitable, and comprehensive public health for older people.
{"title":"Navigating the pandemic: A critical perspective on COVID-19 responses in Central America","authors":"Roberth Steven Gutiérrez-Murillo, Patricia Krieger Grossi, Walfrido Kuhl Svoboda","doi":"10.29333/ejgm/14573","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29333/ejgm/14573","url":null,"abstract":"Following the World Health Organization’s declaration of the new coronavirus as a pandemic, nations had to act swiftly to draft effective strategies for the prevention and containment of COVID-19. International literature highlights a range of approaches taken by countries, with varying degrees of success, as measured by the quality and responsiveness of their public health systems. This brief perspective proposes a critical-gerontological reflection on the Central American countries, highlighting the divergent regional approaches to the pandemic that resulted in unequal figures between nations. Despite the intention to face the health challenge collectively, varying governmental positions had a direct impact on the health of the older population. Costa Rica and Panama responded similarly to the crisis, showcasing their better social and health scenarios compared to their peers. The Central American approach to public health was tailored to the political ideology of each country, rather than adhering to the common objectives set by the regional integration scheme in place. Despite the pandemic posing a challenge, the region remains committed to building universal, equitable, and comprehensive public health for older people.","PeriodicalId":44930,"journal":{"name":"Electronic Journal of General Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141010735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Muayyad Ahmad, Salam H. Bani Hani, Mhmoud A Abu-Abeeleh, Ibrahim Aljarah
Background: Young mortality is prevalent among patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD). To develop prediction models for CVD mortality in young adults, it is crucial to assess CVD risks. Early detection of cardiac disorders using machine learning algorithms, a branch of artificial intelligence (AI) is crucial for preventing more damage to coronary arteries and saving lives. Aims: To predict mortality versus a life outcome among young adults (18-45 years) with CVD using AI technique known as Chi-squared automatic interaction detector (CHAID) algorithms. Methods: A large-scale dataset was extracted from the electronic health records of 809 young adult patients diagnosed with CVD using a retrospective design. Information was retrieved regarding young adults from Jordan who were admitted to public health institutions between 2015 and the end of 2021. Results: CHAID algorithms were chosen among seven prediction models based on accuracy and area under curve to predict mortality vs life in young individuals (18-45 years old) with CVD. The mortality prediction algorithms started with pulse pressure, then diastolic blood pressure, then ischemic heart disease, and last geographical location. Conclusions: CHAID model used in our study indicated how the death rate was classified and distributed among a variety of parameters. As a result, we may argue that AI model could provide additional information on how many aspects are articulated in connection to CVD patient fatality situations.
{"title":"Prediction of mortality in young adults with cardiovascular disease using artificial intelligence","authors":"Muayyad Ahmad, Salam H. Bani Hani, Mhmoud A Abu-Abeeleh, Ibrahim Aljarah","doi":"10.29333/ejgm/14575","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29333/ejgm/14575","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Young mortality is prevalent among patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD). To develop prediction models for CVD mortality in young adults, it is crucial to assess CVD risks. Early detection of cardiac disorders using machine learning algorithms, a branch of artificial intelligence (AI) is crucial for preventing more damage to coronary arteries and saving lives.\u0000Aims: To predict mortality versus a life outcome among young adults (18-45 years) with CVD using AI technique known as Chi-squared automatic interaction detector (CHAID) algorithms.\u0000Methods: A large-scale dataset was extracted from the electronic health records of 809 young adult patients diagnosed with CVD using a retrospective design. Information was retrieved regarding young adults from Jordan who were admitted to public health institutions between 2015 and the end of 2021.\u0000Results: CHAID algorithms were chosen among seven prediction models based on accuracy and area under curve to predict mortality vs life in young individuals (18-45 years old) with CVD. The mortality prediction algorithms started with pulse pressure, then diastolic blood pressure, then ischemic heart disease, and last geographical location.\u0000Conclusions: CHAID model used in our study indicated how the death rate was classified and distributed among a variety of parameters. As a result, we may argue that AI model could provide additional information on how many aspects are articulated in connection to CVD patient fatality situations.","PeriodicalId":44930,"journal":{"name":"Electronic Journal of General Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141009944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jeel Moya-Salazar, Carmen R Salazar, Eliane A. Goicochea-Palomino
Introduction: Acute appendicitis (AA) is a significant cause of emergency admissions among university students aged over 20 years. Students experience high demands during their undergraduate studies, often leading them to postpone mealtimes or rest breaks. Here, with the assistance of ChatGPT, we present two cases of medical students with AA who delayed their surgical treatment due to exams. Clinical cases: Two young patients (a 23-year-old female and a 20-year-old male) presented with severe abdominal pain, anorexia, and general discomfort. They had high C-reactive protein levels and white blood cell counts, as well as an ultrasound showing an enlarged appendix. Despite the confirmed diagnosis of appendicitis through abdominal ultrasound, both patients decided to postpone hospitalization and surgery due to university exams. They subsequently underwent uncomplicated emergency laparoscopic appendectomy. The clinical report of both cases was successfully addressed with ChatGPT, using the initial data from the medical record, and coherent discussions regarding patient management and follow-up were generated. Conclusions: The surgical intervention applied in both cases of AA was successful, and although both patients recovered without issues, delaying surgery can increase the risk of complications. It is necessary to educate the university population about the importance of immediate medical attention for the treatment of AA. ChatGPT appears to be a useful tool for organizing clinical information and improving discussions on therapeutic management.
简介急性阑尾炎（AA）是 20 岁以上大学生急诊入院的一个重要原因。在本科学习期间，学生们的需求量很大，常常导致他们推迟用餐时间或休息时间。在此，我们借助 ChatGPT 展示了两例医学生因考试而延误手术治疗的 AA 病例：两名年轻患者（女性 23 岁，男性 20 岁）出现严重腹痛、厌食和全身不适。他们的 C 反应蛋白水平和白细胞计数都很高，超声波检查显示阑尾肿大。尽管腹部超声确诊为阑尾炎，但由于要参加大学考试，两名患者决定推迟住院和手术。随后，他们接受了并不复杂的急诊腹腔镜阑尾切除术。利用病历中的初始数据，通过 ChatGPT 成功处理了这两个病例的临床报告，并就患者管理和随访进行了连贯的讨论：结论：两例 AA 均成功实施了手术干预，虽然两名患者均顺利康复，但延迟手术会增加并发症的风险。有必要向大学生宣传立即就医治疗 AA 的重要性。ChatGPT 似乎是组织临床信息和改进治疗管理讨论的有用工具。
{"title":"Report of two cases of acute appendicitis prior to exams in medical students using OpenAI’s ChatGPT","authors":"Jeel Moya-Salazar, Carmen R Salazar, Eliane A. Goicochea-Palomino","doi":"10.29333/ejgm/14571","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29333/ejgm/14571","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Acute appendicitis (AA) is a significant cause of emergency admissions among university students aged over 20 years. Students experience high demands during their undergraduate studies, often leading them to postpone mealtimes or rest breaks. Here, with the assistance of ChatGPT, we present two cases of medical students with AA who delayed their surgical treatment due to exams.\u0000Clinical cases: Two young patients (a 23-year-old female and a 20-year-old male) presented with severe abdominal pain, anorexia, and general discomfort. They had high C-reactive protein levels and white blood cell counts, as well as an ultrasound showing an enlarged appendix. Despite the confirmed diagnosis of appendicitis through abdominal ultrasound, both patients decided to postpone hospitalization and surgery due to university exams. They subsequently underwent uncomplicated emergency laparoscopic appendectomy. The clinical report of both cases was successfully addressed with ChatGPT, using the initial data from the medical record, and coherent discussions regarding patient management and follow-up were generated.\u0000Conclusions: The surgical intervention applied in both cases of AA was successful, and although both patients recovered without issues, delaying surgery can increase the risk of complications. It is necessary to educate the university population about the importance of immediate medical attention for the treatment of AA. ChatGPT appears to be a useful tool for organizing clinical information and improving discussions on therapeutic management.","PeriodicalId":44930,"journal":{"name":"Electronic Journal of General Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141009560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Iancu, N. Maftei, C. Dumitru, Liliana Baroiu, Gabriela Gurău, A. Elisei, Claudia Simona Stefan, A. Tatu, Alexandru-Florin Iancu, M. Arbune
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is now a major challenge to clinicians in treating patients. The purpose of our study was to determine the incidence of multidrug resistant (MDR) strains and antibiotic resistance profile in department of dermatology-venereology from a Romanian infectious disease’s hospital. We analyzed 1,152 bacterial strains, we obtained 34.5% MDR strains, identifying the following species: staphylococcus aureus 43.6%, enterococcus spp 16.7%, escherichia coli 31.0%, proteus spp 27.1%, klebsiella spp. 22.4%, pseudomonas spp. 34.8%. Overall, the rate of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus was 76.1%; extended spectrum beta-lactamase production was 46.1% for escherichia coli and 66.0% for klebsiella pneumoniae; carbapenems-resistance was 51.0% for pseudomonas aeruginosa. All strains of E. coli and klebsiella were sensitive to meropenem. Our results confirm the high level of AMR, and continuous monitoring is essential for updating the local diagnostic and treatment protocols for dermatological infections.
{"title":"Prevalence of multidrug resistance pathogens in dermatology: A retrospective study in Romania, 2018-2022","authors":"A. Iancu, N. Maftei, C. Dumitru, Liliana Baroiu, Gabriela Gurău, A. Elisei, Claudia Simona Stefan, A. Tatu, Alexandru-Florin Iancu, M. Arbune","doi":"10.29333/ejgm/14572","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29333/ejgm/14572","url":null,"abstract":"Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is now a major challenge to clinicians in treating patients. The purpose of our study was to determine the incidence of multidrug resistant (MDR) strains and antibiotic resistance profile in department of dermatology-venereology from a Romanian infectious disease’s hospital. We analyzed 1,152 bacterial strains, we obtained 34.5% MDR strains, identifying the following species: staphylococcus aureus 43.6%, enterococcus spp 16.7%, escherichia coli 31.0%, proteus spp 27.1%, klebsiella spp. 22.4%, pseudomonas spp. 34.8%. Overall, the rate of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus was 76.1%; extended spectrum beta-lactamase production was 46.1% for escherichia coli and 66.0% for klebsiella pneumoniae; carbapenems-resistance was 51.0% for pseudomonas aeruginosa. All strains of E. coli and klebsiella were sensitive to meropenem. Our results confirm the high level of AMR, and continuous monitoring is essential for updating the local diagnostic and treatment protocols for dermatological infections.","PeriodicalId":44930,"journal":{"name":"Electronic Journal of General Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141008286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sulidah Sulidah, Tri Astuti Sugiyatmi, F. Efendi, Ika Adelia Susanti, Angeline Bushy
Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has had an impact not only on physical health but also on mental and emotional health. The extensive spread of the virus has led to an unbalanced ratio of health workers to patients. This situation can trigger the onset of stress and depression in healthcare workers, and resilience can help to alleviate mental symptoms. The study aims to analyze the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on stress, resilience, and depression among healthcare workers in health facilities in Indonesia. Method: This was a quantitative study with a cross-sectional approach. It involved healthcare workers in hospitals managing COVID-19 patients. 117 respondents were selected using random sampling techniques. The instruments used were the ER-14 resilience scale, COVID stress scale, and PHQ-9 depression scale. The data analysis involved chi-square and logistic regression. Results: Age (odds ratio [OR]=43.27; 95% confidence interval [CI]=3.01-620.98), number of children (OR=0.21; 95% CI=0.06-0.71), family dependents (OR=0.02; 95% CI=0.00-0.56), and civil servant employee status (OR=0.08; 95% CI=0.01-0.65) were significantly associated with stress among healthcare workers. In terms of resilience, the number of children was an influential determinant (OR=0.17; 95% CI=0.03-0.90), and the number of children (OR=0.21; 95% CI=0.05-0.88), family dependents (OR=11.07; 95% CI=2.12-57.82), work schedule (OR=0.23; 95% CI=0.06-0.90), and work status (OR=0.05; 95% CI=0.00-0.51) were related to depression. Conclusions: The findings indicate several demographical and employment factors that contribute to stress, resilience, and depression among healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia. Policy structure is needed to support these workers during the COVID-19 pandemic, especially to ease the burden of domestic responsibility.
{"title":"Determinant factors related to stress, resilience, and depression among health workers during the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia","authors":"Sulidah Sulidah, Tri Astuti Sugiyatmi, F. Efendi, Ika Adelia Susanti, Angeline Bushy","doi":"10.29333/ejgm/14484","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29333/ejgm/14484","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has had an impact not only on physical health but also on mental and emotional health. The extensive spread of the virus has led to an unbalanced ratio of health workers to patients. This situation can trigger the onset of stress and depression in healthcare workers, and resilience can help to alleviate mental symptoms. The study aims to analyze the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on stress, resilience, and depression among healthcare workers in health facilities in Indonesia.\u0000Method: This was a quantitative study with a cross-sectional approach. It involved healthcare workers in hospitals managing COVID-19 patients. 117 respondents were selected using random sampling techniques. The instruments used were the ER-14 resilience scale, COVID stress scale, and PHQ-9 depression scale. The data analysis involved chi-square and logistic regression.\u0000Results: Age (odds ratio [OR]=43.27; 95% confidence interval [CI]=3.01-620.98), number of children (OR=0.21; 95% CI=0.06-0.71), family dependents (OR=0.02; 95% CI=0.00-0.56), and civil servant employee status (OR=0.08; 95% CI=0.01-0.65) were significantly associated with stress among healthcare workers. In terms of resilience, the number of children was an influential determinant (OR=0.17; 95% CI=0.03-0.90), and the number of children (OR=0.21; 95% CI=0.05-0.88), family dependents (OR=11.07; 95% CI=2.12-57.82), work schedule (OR=0.23; 95% CI=0.06-0.90), and work status (OR=0.05; 95% CI=0.00-0.51) were related to depression.\u0000Conclusions: The findings indicate several demographical and employment factors that contribute to stress, resilience, and depression among healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia. Policy structure is needed to support these workers during the COVID-19 pandemic, especially to ease the burden of domestic responsibility.","PeriodicalId":44930,"journal":{"name":"Electronic Journal of General Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140684023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
King-Fang Tan, N. Naing, N. Wan-Arfah, John Tharakan, Hanip Rafia, Irfhan Ali Hyder Ali, Noor Aliza Tarekh, Vetriselvan Subramaniyan, Ling Shing Wong, S. Selvaraj
Background: Tuberculous meningitis is a major public health issue, despite showing low incidence, tuberculous meningitis causes substantial mortality. For better clinical management, identification of prognostic factors is crucial to reduce health risk of Malaysian society. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the prognostic factors of adult tuberculous meningitis in peninsular Malaysia. Materials & methods: Initially, a retrospective cohort study and one-year of follow-up period was carried out. In addition, a total of 217 adult tuberculous meningitis patients treated or had follow-up in four tertiary hospitals in peninsular Malaysia were recruited. Cox proportional hazards regression was employed to perform multivariable analysis. Results: The overall survival probability of adult tuberculous meningitis was 36.8% with median survival time 244 days. Significant prognostic factors were Glasgow coma scale score (aHR=0.71, 95% CI=0.65, 0.76; p<0.001), HIV status (aHR=1.94, 95% confidence interval [CI]=1.19, 3.15; p=0.008), headache (aHR=0.48, 95% CI=0.31, 0.76; p=0.002) and meningeal enhancement (aHR=0.47, 95% CI=0.30, 0.74; p=0.001), nausea (aHR=2.21, 95% CI=1.33, 3.66; p=0.002), and vomit (aHR=0.58, 95% CI=0.36, 0.93; p=0.023). Conclusions: Evidently, the survival of among adults with tuberculous meningitis was low. Since HIV positive has a significant influence in mortality; early screening, diagnosis, and prompt treatment in this subgroup of patients play a key role in survival.
{"title":"HIV–A prognostic factor of tuberculous meningitis: A retrospective cohort study among adults in peninsular Malaysia","authors":"King-Fang Tan, N. Naing, N. Wan-Arfah, John Tharakan, Hanip Rafia, Irfhan Ali Hyder Ali, Noor Aliza Tarekh, Vetriselvan Subramaniyan, Ling Shing Wong, S. Selvaraj","doi":"10.29333/ejgm/14402","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29333/ejgm/14402","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Tuberculous meningitis is a major public health issue, despite showing low incidence, tuberculous meningitis causes substantial mortality. For better clinical management, identification of prognostic factors is crucial to reduce health risk of Malaysian society. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the prognostic factors of adult tuberculous meningitis in peninsular Malaysia.\u0000Materials & methods: Initially, a retrospective cohort study and one-year of follow-up period was carried out. In addition, a total of 217 adult tuberculous meningitis patients treated or had follow-up in four tertiary hospitals in peninsular Malaysia were recruited. Cox proportional hazards regression was employed to perform multivariable analysis.\u0000Results: The overall survival probability of adult tuberculous meningitis was 36.8% with median survival time 244 days. Significant prognostic factors were Glasgow coma scale score (aHR=0.71, 95% CI=0.65, 0.76; p<0.001), HIV status (aHR=1.94, 95% confidence interval [CI]=1.19, 3.15; p=0.008), headache (aHR=0.48, 95% CI=0.31, 0.76; p=0.002) and meningeal enhancement (aHR=0.47, 95% CI=0.30, 0.74; p=0.001), nausea (aHR=2.21, 95% CI=1.33, 3.66; p=0.002), and vomit (aHR=0.58, 95% CI=0.36, 0.93; p=0.023).\u0000Conclusions: Evidently, the survival of among adults with tuberculous meningitis was low. Since HIV positive has a significant influence in mortality; early screening, diagnosis, and prompt treatment in this subgroup of patients play a key role in survival.","PeriodicalId":44930,"journal":{"name":"Electronic Journal of General Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140384430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Durmanova, Gulnur Slyamova, M. Rakhimzhanova, A. Gusmanov, Gulmira Zhakanova, Gulmira Abduakhassova, Assel Issabayeva, Assiya Nurgaliyeva, Alina Alzhaxina, Aigerim Umerzakova, Kristina Fedoskina, Marina Kalzhanova, Makhabbat Serikbayeva, Altay Nabiyev, A. Gaipov
While many studies compared multiple daily injections (MDI) and insulin pump therapy on various clinical outcomes, the results remain inconclusive. This multicenter retrospective cohort study included 175 patients and aimed to evaluate the effects of different insulin therapy methods on various clinical outcomes, including hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), total daily insulin dosage, body mass index, glomerular filtration rate, in pediatric patients with type 1 diabetes. In a linear mixed-effects regression analysis, a statistically significant interaction between time and treatment type on HbA1c was found. It suggested significantly higher reduction of HbA1c values between 12-month visit and baseline in the group receiving MDIs compared to insulin pump therapy. Patients using MDIs observed higher reduction of HbA1c levels and lower total daily insulin dose relative to insulin pump therapy group. Other changes of clinical indicators were the same for group of patients. Various studies report controversial results on long term effects of these treatments on HbA1c values necessitating large population-based cohort studies in this field.
{"title":"Glycemic control in children with type 1 diabetes: Insulin pump therapy versus multiple daily injections","authors":"A. Durmanova, Gulnur Slyamova, M. Rakhimzhanova, A. Gusmanov, Gulmira Zhakanova, Gulmira Abduakhassova, Assel Issabayeva, Assiya Nurgaliyeva, Alina Alzhaxina, Aigerim Umerzakova, Kristina Fedoskina, Marina Kalzhanova, Makhabbat Serikbayeva, Altay Nabiyev, A. Gaipov","doi":"10.29333/ejgm/14403","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29333/ejgm/14403","url":null,"abstract":"While many studies compared multiple daily injections (MDI) and insulin pump therapy on various clinical outcomes, the results remain inconclusive. This multicenter retrospective cohort study included 175 patients and aimed to evaluate the effects of different insulin therapy methods on various clinical outcomes, including hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), total daily insulin dosage, body mass index, glomerular filtration rate, in pediatric patients with type 1 diabetes. In a linear mixed-effects regression analysis, a statistically significant interaction between time and treatment type on HbA1c was found. It suggested significantly higher reduction of HbA1c values between 12-month visit and baseline in the group receiving MDIs compared to insulin pump therapy. Patients using MDIs observed higher reduction of HbA1c levels and lower total daily insulin dose relative to insulin pump therapy group. Other changes of clinical indicators were the same for group of patients. Various studies report controversial results on long term effects of these treatments on HbA1c values necessitating large population-based cohort studies in this field.","PeriodicalId":44930,"journal":{"name":"Electronic Journal of General Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140383982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Eleonora Espinoza-Turcios, C. Sosa-Mendoza, L. Zambrano, Henry Noel Castro-Ramos, J. Armada, C. Mejía
Introduction: The role of women in society is diverse and fundamental. Objectives: To determine whether anxiety and moderate or major depression were associated with high alcohol consumption in Honduran women. Methods: A cross-sectional and analytic study was conducted using the self-reporting questionnaire test as a screening tool for anxiety, depression, and alcohol consumption. Results: Moderate or greater anxiety was more frequent among those with high alcohol consumption (aPR: 1.49; 95% CI: 1.09-2.04; p=0.013), was also frequent among those reporting violence at home (aPR: 1.63; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.36-1.94; p<0.001) and some history of mental pathology at home (aPR: 1.64; 95% CI: 1.44-1.87; p<0.001). Moderate or major depression was more frequent among those reporting violence at home (aPR: 1.54; 95% CI: 1.30-1.83; p<0.001) and having some history of mental pathology at home (aPR: 1.38; 95% CI: 1.18-1.63; p<0.001). Conclusions: A significant association was observed between anxiety and high alcohol consumption in this population of women from Honduras.
{"title":"Moderate or major anxiety and depression versus high alcohol consumption in women in Honduras","authors":"Eleonora Espinoza-Turcios, C. Sosa-Mendoza, L. Zambrano, Henry Noel Castro-Ramos, J. Armada, C. Mejía","doi":"10.29333/ejgm/14382","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29333/ejgm/14382","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The role of women in society is diverse and fundamental. \u0000Objectives: To determine whether anxiety and moderate or major depression were associated with high alcohol consumption in Honduran women.\u0000Methods: A cross-sectional and analytic study was conducted using the self-reporting questionnaire test as a screening tool for anxiety, depression, and alcohol consumption.\u0000Results: Moderate or greater anxiety was more frequent among those with high alcohol consumption (aPR: 1.49; 95% CI: 1.09-2.04; p=0.013), was also frequent among those reporting violence at home (aPR: 1.63; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.36-1.94; p<0.001) and some history of mental pathology at home (aPR: 1.64; 95% CI: 1.44-1.87; p<0.001). Moderate or major depression was more frequent among those reporting violence at home (aPR: 1.54; 95% CI: 1.30-1.83; p<0.001) and having some history of mental pathology at home (aPR: 1.38; 95% CI: 1.18-1.63; p<0.001).\u0000Conclusions: A significant association was observed between anxiety and high alcohol consumption in this population of women from Honduras.","PeriodicalId":44930,"journal":{"name":"Electronic Journal of General Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140213766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shmookh Alhazmi, Lamya Alshehri, Manal Alyahya, Reema AlMadani, Rose Aboalrasheeed, Reham Metwally, S. Alotaishan, Rasha AlSheikh, Ahmed Abdalla, Omar I. Abuzaid, Tunny Sebastian, A. Goja
Introduction: Iron deficiency is a serious condition occurring when the human body’s total iron is less than the normal amount (three-four g). This study aimed to find the prevalence of iron deficiency anemia (IDA) and its association with cognitive abilities among female students. A cross-sectional study was carried out on 198 female students recruited using convenience sampling from Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University. Materials & methods: A food frequency questionnaire and cognitive abilities tests were used to collect the required information. Results: The results showed that the prevalence of IDA was 27.4%. The cognitive abilities parameters of immediate memory, working memory, speed of attention, and accuracy of attention for 50.0% of the students were 24, 16, 194, and three, respectively. Conclusions: No significant association between IDA and cognitive abilities was noted. Therefore, more studies are needed to explore the association between iron-supplemented diet and cognitive function.
简介缺铁是指人体总铁含量低于正常值（3-4 克）的一种严重病症。本研究旨在了解缺铁性贫血（IDA）的患病率及其与女学生认知能力的关系。研究采用方便抽样法，从伊玛目阿卜杜勒拉赫曼-本-费萨尔大学（Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University）招募了 198 名女学生：采用食物频率问卷和认知能力测试收集所需信息：结果显示，IDA的患病率为27.4%。50.0%的学生的即时记忆、工作记忆、注意力速度和注意力准确性等认知能力参数分别为24、16、194和3：结论：IDA 与认知能力之间没有明显的联系。因此，需要进行更多的研究来探讨补铁饮食与认知功能之间的关系。
{"title":"The association between iron deficiency anemia and cognitive abilities among female university students","authors":"Shmookh Alhazmi, Lamya Alshehri, Manal Alyahya, Reema AlMadani, Rose Aboalrasheeed, Reham Metwally, S. Alotaishan, Rasha AlSheikh, Ahmed Abdalla, Omar I. Abuzaid, Tunny Sebastian, A. Goja","doi":"10.29333/ejgm/14353","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29333/ejgm/14353","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Iron deficiency is a serious condition occurring when the human body’s total iron is less than the normal amount (three-four g). This study aimed to find the prevalence of iron deficiency anemia (IDA) and its association with cognitive abilities among female students. A cross-sectional study was carried out on 198 female students recruited using convenience sampling from Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University.\u0000Materials & methods: A food frequency questionnaire and cognitive abilities tests were used to collect the required information.\u0000Results: The results showed that the prevalence of IDA was 27.4%. The cognitive abilities parameters of immediate memory, working memory, speed of attention, and accuracy of attention for 50.0% of the students were 24, 16, 194, and three, respectively.\u0000Conclusions: No significant association between IDA and cognitive abilities was noted. Therefore, more studies are needed to explore the association between iron-supplemented diet and cognitive function.","PeriodicalId":44930,"journal":{"name":"Electronic Journal of General Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140241489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jeel Moya-Salazar, Carmen R Salazar, Stephany S Delzo, Eliane A. Goicochea-Palomino, Victor Rojas-Zumaran
Introduction: Acute ChatGPT, an artificial inteeligence-powered chatbot, presents a potential influence on healthcare and research in medicine. In this investigation, we systematically reviewed medical literature regarding the utilization of ChatGPT, utilizing the Scopus database. Methods: This systematic review follows the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses guidelines, and according to the search in Scopus, 11,219 articles were identified. Original studies, clinical trials, correspondence articles, letters, notes, and research protocols were included, resulting in 14 studies. Results: All studies were published in 2023, among them 35.7% (5/14) were editorials and 14.3% (2/14) were opinion or perspective articles. Only one study (19) conducted a pilot study on the application of ChatGPT in medical diagnosis. Furthermore, 64.3% of the studies were published in quartile 1 journals according to Scimago rankings, and the USA had the highest production of articles on ChatGPT in medicine (35.7%). The included studies highlighted the potential and challenges of ChatGPT in various domains of healthcare. Ethical concerns, such as data privacy and bias, were also analyzed. Various fields of health were evaluated with ChatGPT, including nuclear medicine, gynecology, nuclear medicine, and emergency medicine. ChatGPT was considered a tool to improve patient education. ChatGPT has a promising role in scientific writing, emphasizing the need for human involvement, ethical guidelines, and addressing concerns related to bias, fabrication, and plagiarism. Conclusions: Scopus-retrieved articles underscored the potential advantages and ethical dilemmas associated with the integration of ChatGPT in healthcare. While ChatGPT demonstrated promising applications in various medical domains, caution, further evaluation, and ethical considerations are needed for responsible implementation in real-world clinical settings.
{"title":"After a few months, what are the uses of OpenAI’s ChatGPT in medicine? A Scopus-based systematic review","authors":"Jeel Moya-Salazar, Carmen R Salazar, Stephany S Delzo, Eliane A. Goicochea-Palomino, Victor Rojas-Zumaran","doi":"10.29333/ejgm/14354","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29333/ejgm/14354","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Acute ChatGPT, an artificial inteeligence-powered chatbot, presents a potential influence on healthcare and research in medicine. In this investigation, we systematically reviewed medical literature regarding the utilization of ChatGPT, utilizing the Scopus database.\u0000Methods: This systematic review follows the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses guidelines, and according to the search in Scopus, 11,219 articles were identified. Original studies, clinical trials, correspondence articles, letters, notes, and research protocols were included, resulting in 14 studies.\u0000Results: All studies were published in 2023, among them 35.7% (5/14) were editorials and 14.3% (2/14) were opinion or perspective articles. Only one study (19) conducted a pilot study on the application of ChatGPT in medical diagnosis. Furthermore, 64.3% of the studies were published in quartile 1 journals according to Scimago rankings, and the USA had the highest production of articles on ChatGPT in medicine (35.7%). The included studies highlighted the potential and challenges of ChatGPT in various domains of healthcare. Ethical concerns, such as data privacy and bias, were also analyzed. Various fields of health were evaluated with ChatGPT, including nuclear medicine, gynecology, nuclear medicine, and emergency medicine. ChatGPT was considered a tool to improve patient education. ChatGPT has a promising role in scientific writing, emphasizing the need for human involvement, ethical guidelines, and addressing concerns related to bias, fabrication, and plagiarism.\u0000Conclusions: Scopus-retrieved articles underscored the potential advantages and ethical dilemmas associated with the integration of ChatGPT in healthcare. While ChatGPT demonstrated promising applications in various medical domains, caution, further evaluation, and ethical considerations are needed for responsible implementation in real-world clinical settings.","PeriodicalId":44930,"journal":{"name":"Electronic Journal of General Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140244750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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