Introduction: Herlyn-Werner-Wunderlich (HWW)/obstructed hemivagina and ipsilateral renal agenesis (OHVIRA) syndrome is a rare Müllerian duct anomaly (MDA). Usually presenting after menarche classically with dysmenorrhea. Here we present a challenging case, where the diagnosis was missed initially. Case presentation: A 10-year-old girl presenting with dysmenorrhea and constipation, treated repeatedly with analgesics, laxatives and enema. A pelvic ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) confirmed the diagnosis of OHVIRA syndrome, which requires surgical intervention. We describe a “no -touch- technique” for resecting the septum. The patient had immediate relief of symptoms and a smooth post-operative recovery. Conclusions: Early diagnosis and surgical management are crucial not only to relieve symptoms but to prevent long term complications that may affect the patients’ reproductive potential. Despite pelvic ultrasound being an affordable and a useful diagnostic tool, the diagnosis can be missed by inexperienced operators. Therefore, MRI is recommended to confirm and classify MDAs. The hysteroscopic “no-touch-technique” to resect the septum is an effective, safe and a convenient approach to treat the condition while preserving hymen integrity.
{"title":"Obstructed hemivagina and ipsilateral renal agenesis (OHVIRA) syndrome–A “no-touch-approach”: A case report","authors":"Ahlam Abdullah AlGhamdi","doi":"10.29333/ejgm/13716","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29333/ejgm/13716","url":null,"abstract":"<b>Introduction:</b> Herlyn-Werner-Wunderlich (HWW)/obstructed hemivagina and ipsilateral renal agenesis (OHVIRA) syndrome is a rare Müllerian duct anomaly (MDA). Usually presenting after menarche classically with dysmenorrhea. Here we present a challenging case, where the diagnosis was missed initially.<br /> <b>Case presentation:</b> A 10-year-old girl presenting with dysmenorrhea and constipation, treated repeatedly with analgesics, laxatives and enema. A pelvic ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) confirmed the diagnosis of OHVIRA syndrome, which requires surgical intervention. We describe a “no -touch- technique” for resecting the septum. The patient had immediate relief of symptoms and a smooth post-operative recovery.<br /> <b>Conclusions:</b> Early diagnosis and surgical management are crucial not only to relieve symptoms but to prevent long term complications that may affect the patients’ reproductive potential. Despite pelvic ultrasound being an affordable and a useful diagnostic tool, the diagnosis can be missed by inexperienced operators. Therefore, MRI is recommended to confirm and classify MDAs. The hysteroscopic “no-touch-technique” to resect the septum is an effective, safe and a convenient approach to treat the condition while preserving hymen integrity.","PeriodicalId":44930,"journal":{"name":"Electronic Journal of General Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136372190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a growing burden on a global scale and considered as the most common liver disease of the 21st century, affecting both adults and children. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) in the field of liver diseases have made a significant contribution to the understanding of genetic background for NAFLD development. Targeted genes like PNPLA3 and TM6SF2 showed some relationship with the steatosis and hepatocellular carcinoma within NAFLD patients. In this study, we tried to analyze the frequency of PNPLA3 and TM6SF2 gene polymorphisms and their relationship to changes in instrumental and laboratory markers, the composition of the gut microbiome, the development and progression of NAFLD stage in Kazakhstan. Materials and methods: 39 individuals were involved in this study, including 18 men and 21 women: patients with a history of heavy alcohol consumption (>20 g/day) and other specific diseases such as hepatitis B and C virus infection, etc. were excluded. The diagnosis was established based on the results of clinical assessment and laboratory-instrumental results. The microbiome composition of the large intestine was studied by semiconductor sequencing of the bacterial genome using biochips. The degree of steatosis and liver fibrosis were evaluated by fibroscanning on fibroscan touch 502. Genotyping of PNPLA3 and TM6SF2 were carried out by PCR. Results: According to PNPLA3 genotyping: 21 patients (53.85%) were C/G, 7 (17.95%) were C/C and 11 (28.20%) were G/G. Within analyzed variables, GGT showed statistically significant difference among nucleotide variability with p-value of 0.012. Other parameters within metabolic panel also showed statistically significant difference between groups, namely, total cholesterol (p=0.036) and LDL (p=0.006). Genotyping of TM6SF2 includes 24 patients (61.54%) with C/C, 15 (38.46%) with C/T and 0 with T/T. The relationship between TM6SF2 liver function test results showed no statistically significant differences between groups. All other parameters including gut microbiome analysis are not statistically significant. Conclusions: In this study, C/G genotype possesses the highest risk and GGT along with LDL were the statistically significant parameter between them in PNPLA3 gene. TM6SF2 and gut microbiome analysis did not reveal any statistically significant differences. Additional studies with larger sample size are recommended to obtain for more detailed and sensitive results.
{"title":"Association between PNPLA3 and TM6SF2 gene polymorphisms and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease patients in Kazakhstan","authors":"Ainura Amirkulova, Gulmira Derbissalina, Valeriy Benberin, Nasrulla Shanazarov, Gulshara Abildinova, Doskhan Kozhakhmet, Helena Katchman","doi":"10.29333/ejgm/13718","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29333/ejgm/13718","url":null,"abstract":"<b>Background:</b> Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a growing burden on a global scale and considered as the most common liver disease of the 21<sup>st</sup> century, affecting both adults and children. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) in the field of liver diseases have made a significant contribution to the understanding of genetic background for NAFLD development. Targeted genes like PNPLA3 and TM6SF2 showed some relationship with the steatosis and hepatocellular carcinoma within NAFLD patients. In this study, we tried to analyze the frequency of PNPLA3 and TM6SF2 gene polymorphisms and their relationship to changes in instrumental and laboratory markers, the composition of the gut microbiome, the development and progression of NAFLD stage in Kazakhstan.<br /> <b>Materials and methods:</b> 39 individuals were involved in this study, including 18 men and 21 women: patients with a history of heavy alcohol consumption (&gt;20 g/day) and other specific diseases such as hepatitis B and C virus infection, etc. were excluded. The diagnosis was established based on the results of clinical assessment and laboratory-instrumental results. The microbiome composition of the large intestine was studied by semiconductor sequencing of the bacterial genome using biochips. The degree of steatosis and liver fibrosis were evaluated by fibroscanning on fibroscan touch 502. Genotyping of PNPLA3 and TM6SF2 were carried out by PCR.<br /> <b>Results:</b> According to PNPLA3 genotyping: 21 patients (53.85%) were C/G, 7 (17.95%) were C/C and 11 (28.20%) were G/G. Within analyzed variables, GGT showed statistically significant difference among nucleotide variability with p-value of 0.012. Other parameters within metabolic panel also showed statistically significant difference between groups, namely, total cholesterol (p=0.036) and LDL (p=0.006). Genotyping of TM6SF2 includes 24 patients (61.54%) with C/C, 15 (38.46%) with C/T and 0 with T/T. The relationship between TM6SF2 liver function test results showed no statistically significant differences between groups. All other parameters including gut microbiome analysis are not statistically significant.<br /> <b>Conclusions:</b> In this study, C/G genotype possesses the highest risk and GGT along with LDL were the statistically significant parameter between them in PNPLA3 gene. TM6SF2 and gut microbiome analysis did not reveal any statistically significant differences. Additional studies with larger sample size are recommended to obtain for more detailed and sensitive results.","PeriodicalId":44930,"journal":{"name":"Electronic Journal of General Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136372191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Jarab, W. Al-Qerem, S. A. Abu Heshmeh, K. Alzoubi, T. Mukattash, A. Akour
The present study aimed to evaluate disease activity and explore the factors associated with poor disease control among patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). This cross-sectional study was conducted at outpatient rheumatology clinics in two teaching hospitals in Jordan. Medication adherence was assessed using the validated five-item compliance questionnaire for rheumatology, and disease activity was assessed using the clinical disease activity Index score. Ordinal regression was performed to explore the factors associated with uncontrolled RA. Most of the participants (n=261) demonstrated moderate to high disease activity (71.2%). Seronegative RA (B=-0.882, CI [-1.584/-0.180], p<0.05) was significantly associated with lower disease activity, while medication non-adherence was significantly associated with poor RA control (B=1.023, CI [0.289-1.756], p<0.01). Future research should explore the factors associated with medication non-adherence. These factors should be targeted in future interventions to improve RA control, particularly in patients who suffer from high disease severity.
本研究旨在评估类风湿关节炎(RA)患者的疾病活动性，并探讨与疾病控制不良相关的因素。这项横断面研究是在约旦两所教学医院的风湿病门诊进行的。使用经验证的风湿病五项依从性问卷评估药物依从性，使用临床疾病活动性指数评分评估疾病活动性。通过有序回归来探讨与未控制RA相关的因素。大多数参与者(n=261)表现出中度至高度的疾病活动性(71.2%)。血清阴性RA (B=-0.882, CI [-1.584/-0.180]， p<0.05)与疾病活动度降低显著相关，药物依从性不佳与RA控制不良显著相关(B=1.023, CI [0.289-1.756]， p<0.01)。未来的研究应探讨与药物依从性不相关的因素。这些因素应该成为未来干预措施的目标，以改善RA的控制，特别是对疾病严重程度高的患者。
{"title":"Disease control and its associated factors in outpatients with rheumatoid arthritis","authors":"A. Jarab, W. Al-Qerem, S. A. Abu Heshmeh, K. Alzoubi, T. Mukattash, A. Akour","doi":"10.29333/ejgm/13521","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29333/ejgm/13521","url":null,"abstract":"The present study aimed to evaluate disease activity and explore the factors associated with poor disease control among patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). This cross-sectional study was conducted at outpatient rheumatology clinics in two teaching hospitals in Jordan. Medication adherence was assessed using the validated five-item compliance questionnaire for rheumatology, and disease activity was assessed using the clinical disease activity Index score. Ordinal regression was performed to explore the factors associated with uncontrolled RA. Most of the participants (n=261) demonstrated moderate to high disease activity (71.2%). Seronegative RA (B=-0.882, CI [-1.584/-0.180], p<0.05) was significantly associated with lower disease activity, while medication non-adherence was significantly associated with poor RA control (B=1.023, CI [0.289-1.756], p<0.01). Future research should explore the factors associated with medication non-adherence. These factors should be targeted in future interventions to improve RA control, particularly in patients who suffer from high disease severity.","PeriodicalId":44930,"journal":{"name":"Electronic Journal of General Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41627577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. N. Norhayati, Mat Nawi Zanaridah, Ruhana Che Yusof
Aim: This study aimed to examine the construct verification of the knowledge on the Noor evidence-based medicine (EBM) questionnaire using the Rasch measurement model. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among ninety healthcare professionals working in a government hospital. The Rasch model was used to investigate the distribution of statistics, unidimensionality, polarity, misfit, and Wright map. Results: The Rasch analysis showed that the 15 items had high reliability of items at 0.96, while reliability for persons were 0.81. Item K15 is a misfit (PtMea Corr=0.22, outfit MnSq=1.95, outfit z-std=5.00, infit MnSq=1.63, infit z-std=3.60); the item does not contribute to the construction of scale but not degrading. Three items (K1, K14, and K9) can easily be answered even by low ability respondents. Conclusions: The Noor EBM questionnaire knowledge is robust with excellent psychometric properties that can be used for both research and clinical purposes.
{"title":"Validation of the knowledge on the Noor evidence-based medicine questionnaire for healthcare professionals: Rasch analysis","authors":"M. N. Norhayati, Mat Nawi Zanaridah, Ruhana Che Yusof","doi":"10.29333/ejgm/13535","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29333/ejgm/13535","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: This study aimed to examine the construct verification of the knowledge on the Noor evidence-based medicine (EBM) questionnaire using the Rasch measurement model.\u0000Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among ninety healthcare professionals working in a government hospital. The Rasch model was used to investigate the distribution of statistics, unidimensionality, polarity, misfit, and Wright map.\u0000Results: The Rasch analysis showed that the 15 items had high reliability of items at 0.96, while reliability for persons were 0.81. Item K15 is a misfit (PtMea Corr=0.22, outfit MnSq=1.95, outfit z-std=5.00, infit MnSq=1.63, infit z-std=3.60); the item does not contribute to the construction of scale but not degrading. Three items (K1, K14, and K9) can easily be answered even by low ability respondents.\u0000Conclusions: The Noor EBM questionnaire knowledge is robust with excellent psychometric properties that can be used for both research and clinical purposes.","PeriodicalId":44930,"journal":{"name":"Electronic Journal of General Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46839763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The study’s objective was to comprehensively assess kidney function alterations in patients with COVID-19. The study was carried out in Moscow (Russia) in 2021. 100 patients of 19-30 years old (51 females and 49 males) took part in the survey. The study collected participant data on basal urine, serum creatinine, and estimated glomerular filtration rate from medical histories before COVID-19 infection. COVID-19 diagnosis (delta strain) was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction test. Serum creatinine was measured, considering age and race. Micro-albuminuria levels from daily urine samples were established. Laboratory blood tests included quantitative indices of blood-forming elements, hemoglobin levels, and biochemical parameters. Based on the results, the study observed a slight increase in serum creatinine levels after COVID-19 infection, with concentrations of 78.4±6.4 mmol/L before infection and 87.5±7.7 mmol/L after the disease (p≥0.05). The microalbuminuria-creatinine ratio also showed an increase. The glomerular filtration rate in renal glomeruli declined from 93.3±10.1 mL/min/1.73 m2 before infection to 78.9±8.7 mL/min/1.73 m2 after the disease (p≥0.05). These findings suggest a trend towards decreased kidney function in young patients with moderate COVID-19 severity. However, normoalbuminuric compared to creatinine was significantly higher than normal after COVID-19. Urine tests indicated a trend of decreased renal glomerular filtration rate. Clinical symptoms included high temperature, weakness, cough, and, in some cases, liquid stools. Laboratory findings revealed significant deviations in hematocrit, neutrophil, and eosinophil concentrations. Parallel tests focusing on cystatin C and beta-2 macroglobulin are recommended to assess kidney function and identify potential dysfunction.
{"title":"Investigating kidney function changes in young adults with COVID-19: Serum creatinine level, glomerular filtration rate, and biochemical profile analysis","authors":"Nikita Matyushin, Dmitriy Ermakov, Inna Vasileva, Roza Vakolyuk, Anastasiya Spaska","doi":"10.29333/ejgm/13750","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29333/ejgm/13750","url":null,"abstract":"The study’s objective was to comprehensively assess kidney function alterations in patients with COVID-19. The study was carried out in Moscow (Russia) in 2021. 100 patients of 19-30 years old (51 females and 49 males) took part in the survey. The study collected participant data on basal urine, serum creatinine, and estimated glomerular filtration rate from medical histories before COVID-19 infection. COVID-19 diagnosis (delta strain) was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction test. Serum creatinine was measured, considering age and race. Micro-albuminuria levels from daily urine samples were established. Laboratory blood tests included quantitative indices of blood-forming elements, hemoglobin levels, and biochemical parameters. Based on the results, the study observed a slight increase in serum creatinine levels after COVID-19 infection, with concentrations of 78.4±6.4 mmol/L before infection and 87.5±7.7 mmol/L after the disease (p≥0.05). The microalbuminuria-creatinine ratio also showed an increase. The glomerular filtration rate in renal glomeruli declined from 93.3±10.1 mL/min/1.73 m<sup>2</sup> before infection to 78.9±8.7 mL/min/1.73 m<sup>2</sup> after the disease (p≥0.05). These findings suggest a trend towards decreased kidney function in young patients with moderate COVID-19 severity. However, normoalbuminuric compared to creatinine was significantly higher than normal after COVID-19. Urine tests indicated a trend of decreased renal glomerular filtration rate. Clinical symptoms included high temperature, weakness, cough, and, in some cases, liquid stools. Laboratory findings revealed significant deviations in hematocrit, neutrophil, and eosinophil concentrations. Parallel tests focusing on cystatin C and beta-2 macroglobulin are recommended to assess kidney function and identify potential dysfunction.","PeriodicalId":44930,"journal":{"name":"Electronic Journal of General Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135012009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: The aim of this study was to compare regression models based on the parameter estimates of prognostic factors of mortality in first-ever stroke patients. Methods: A retrospective study among 432 first-ever stroke patients admitted to Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia, was carried out. Patient’s medical records were extracted using a standardized data collection sheet. The statistical analyses used for modelling the prognostic factors of mortality were Cox proportional hazards regression, multinomial logistic regression, and multiple logistic regression. Results: A total of 101 (23.4%) events of death were identified and 331 patients (76.6%) were alive. Despite using three different statistical analyses, the results were very similar in terms of five major aspects of parameter estimates, namely direction, estimation, precision, significance, and magnitude of risk assessment. It was reported slightly better in Cox proportional hazards regression model, especially in terms of the precision of the results. Conclusions: Given that this study had compared the findings from three different types of advanced statistical methods, this research has clearly yielded that with data of high quality, the selection of appropriate statistical method should not be a worrisome problem for researchers who may not be of expertise in the field of medical statistics.
{"title":"Prognostic factors of first-ever stroke patients in suburban Malaysia by comparing regression models","authors":"Nadiah Wan-Arfah, Mustapha Muzaimi, Nyi Nyi Naing, Vetriselvan Subramaniyan, Ling Shing Wong, Siddharthan Selvaraj","doi":"10.29333/ejgm/13717","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29333/ejgm/13717","url":null,"abstract":"<b>Introduction:</b> The aim of this study was to compare regression models based on the parameter estimates of prognostic factors of mortality in first-ever stroke patients.<br /> <b>Methods:</b> A retrospective study among 432 first-ever stroke patients admitted to Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia, was carried out. Patient’s medical records were extracted using a standardized data collection sheet. The statistical analyses used for modelling the prognostic factors of mortality were Cox proportional hazards regression, multinomial logistic regression, and multiple logistic regression.<br /> <b>Results:</b> A total of 101 (23.4%) events of death were identified and 331 patients (76.6%) were alive. Despite using three different statistical analyses, the results were very similar in terms of five major aspects of parameter estimates, namely direction, estimation, precision, significance, and magnitude of risk assessment. It was reported slightly better in Cox proportional hazards regression model, especially in terms of the precision of the results.<br /> <b>Conclusions:</b> Given that this study had compared the findings from three different types of advanced statistical methods, this research has clearly yielded that with data of high quality, the selection of appropriate statistical method should not be a worrisome problem for researchers who may not be of expertise in the field of medical statistics.","PeriodicalId":44930,"journal":{"name":"Electronic Journal of General Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136372189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wan Mohammad Noor Wan Amirul Asraf, Razlina Abdul Rahman, M. N. Norhayati, Imran Ahmad
Bilateral emphysematous pyelonephritis (EPN) is a rare complication in uncontrolled diabetes mellitus patients and linked to a high patient mortality rate [1]. We present a case of a 62-year-old female patient with bilateral EPN who also developed a concurrent lung abscess. She came with high-grade fever, lethargy, and left flank pain. She had left lumbar tenderness and right-sided chest crepitations. Upon hospitalization, the patient developed septic shock. However, severity of her clinical presentation does not correlate with chest X-ray of right sided pneumonic changes and cavitation of the lungs on admission. Abdominopelvic computed tomography (CT) imaging revealed extensive left EPN (Huang-Tseng CT classification: class 4), early right EPN (Huang-Tseng CT classification: class 2), and right middle lobe lung abscess, which was treated with intravenous antibiotics, drainage, and optimal glycaemic management. This was followed by the resolution of sepsis and improvement in clinical status.
{"title":"A rare presentation of bilateral emphysematous pyelonephritis with concurrent lung abscess: A case report","authors":"Wan Mohammad Noor Wan Amirul Asraf, Razlina Abdul Rahman, M. N. Norhayati, Imran Ahmad","doi":"10.29333/ejgm/13538","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29333/ejgm/13538","url":null,"abstract":"Bilateral emphysematous pyelonephritis (EPN) is a rare complication in uncontrolled diabetes mellitus patients and linked to a high patient mortality rate [1]. We present a case of a 62-year-old female patient with bilateral EPN who also developed a concurrent lung abscess. She came with high-grade fever, lethargy, and left flank pain. She had left lumbar tenderness and right-sided chest crepitations. Upon hospitalization, the patient developed septic shock. However, severity of her clinical presentation does not correlate with chest X-ray of right sided pneumonic changes and cavitation of the lungs on admission. Abdominopelvic computed tomography (CT) imaging revealed extensive left EPN (Huang-Tseng CT classification: class 4), early right EPN (Huang-Tseng CT classification: class 2), and right middle lobe lung abscess, which was treated with intravenous antibiotics, drainage, and optimal glycaemic management. This was followed by the resolution of sepsis and improvement in clinical status.","PeriodicalId":44930,"journal":{"name":"Electronic Journal of General Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43991982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Muxunov, N. Bulanov, S. Makhmetov, O. Sharapov, S. Abdullaev, O. Loboda, D. Aiypova, E. Haziyev, I. Rashidov, I. Tchokhonelidze, I. Okpechi, A. Gaipov
Purpose: Assessment of public knowledge of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is an essential step in development of CKD prevention and screening programs. Our aim was to estimate the level of public CKD knowledge and its predictors in the former Soviet Union countries using a validated questionnaire. Materials and methods: This cross-sectional survey was conducted in 10 countries using an adapted validated online questionnaire. Descriptive statistics were used to describe participants’ characteristics and assess public CKD knowledge level. A multiple linear regression analysis was performed to identify predictors of CKD knowledge. Results: 2,715 participants satisfied the inclusion criteria. Respondents having higher level of education, living in countries belonging to the lower middle-income countries, having a personal history of diabetes and hypertension, and having a family history of kidney disease showed significantly better CKD knowledge. Conclusions: The level of CKD knowledge among the population of post-Soviet states was found to be low, although some personal characteristics were associated with better CKD knowledge.
{"title":"Awareness of chronic kidney disease and its risk factors in the former Soviet Union countries","authors":"A. Muxunov, N. Bulanov, S. Makhmetov, O. Sharapov, S. Abdullaev, O. Loboda, D. Aiypova, E. Haziyev, I. Rashidov, I. Tchokhonelidze, I. Okpechi, A. Gaipov","doi":"10.29333/ejgm/13517","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29333/ejgm/13517","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Assessment of public knowledge of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is an essential step in development of CKD prevention and screening programs. Our aim was to estimate the level of public CKD knowledge and its predictors in the former Soviet Union countries using a validated questionnaire.\u0000Materials and methods: This cross-sectional survey was conducted in 10 countries using an adapted validated online questionnaire. Descriptive statistics were used to describe participants’ characteristics and assess public CKD knowledge level. A multiple linear regression analysis was performed to identify predictors of CKD knowledge.\u0000Results: 2,715 participants satisfied the inclusion criteria. Respondents having higher level of education, living in countries belonging to the lower middle-income countries, having a personal history of diabetes and hypertension, and having a family history of kidney disease showed significantly better CKD knowledge.\u0000Conclusions: The level of CKD knowledge among the population of post-Soviet states was found to be low, although some personal characteristics were associated with better CKD knowledge.","PeriodicalId":44930,"journal":{"name":"Electronic Journal of General Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48643988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: Sexual dysfunction associated with pelvic organ prolapse (POP) is common and validated questionnaires for assessment are recommended. Aim: To develop and validate the Kazakh-translated version of the female sexual function index (Kz-FSFI). Methods: Kz-FSFI was translated from the original version for validation, and its precision was ascertained through reverse translation by an expert team. 35 sexually active females participated in an evaluation of the test-retest reliability of the Kazakh version over a two-week period. In the next stage, 110 healthy women and 40 patients with POP aged 18-55 years were enrolled in the study. The validity, internal consistency reliability and test-retest reliability of the questionnaires were assessed. Results: The cross-cultural adaptation of Kz-FSFI achieved good semantic, conceptual, idiomatic and content equivalence. The test-retest reliability was shown to be high in all of the cases (p<0.001). Cronbach’s alpha coefficients for total and domain scores were sufficiently high (range 0.85-0.94) for the total sample. The discriminant validity showed statistically significant differences between patients with POP-associated sexual dysfunctions and the control group. Conclusions: Kz-FSFI questionnaire is a valuable tool for screening women with sexual dysfunction. As this questionnaire had validity in the Kazakhstan survey, it could be used for medical counselling and future investigation in our country.
{"title":"Transcultural adaptation and psychometric validation of the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) questionnaire in the Kazakh population","authors":"B. Aitbayeva, S. Iskakov, L. Smailova","doi":"10.29333/ejgm/13591","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29333/ejgm/13591","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Sexual dysfunction associated with pelvic organ prolapse (POP) is common and validated questionnaires for assessment are recommended.\u0000Aim: To develop and validate the Kazakh-translated version of the female sexual function index (Kz-FSFI).\u0000Methods: Kz-FSFI was translated from the original version for validation, and its precision was ascertained through reverse translation by an expert team. 35 sexually active females participated in an evaluation of the test-retest reliability of the Kazakh version over a two-week period. In the next stage, 110 healthy women and 40 patients with POP aged 18-55 years were enrolled in the study. The validity, internal consistency reliability and test-retest reliability of the questionnaires were assessed.\u0000Results: The cross-cultural adaptation of Kz-FSFI achieved good semantic, conceptual, idiomatic and content equivalence. The test-retest reliability was shown to be high in all of the cases (p<0.001). Cronbach’s alpha coefficients for total and domain scores were sufficiently high (range 0.85-0.94) for the total sample. The discriminant validity showed statistically significant differences between patients with POP-associated sexual dysfunctions and the control group.\u0000Conclusions: Kz-FSFI questionnaire is a valuable tool for screening women with sexual dysfunction. As this questionnaire had validity in the Kazakhstan survey, it could be used for medical counselling and future investigation in our country.","PeriodicalId":44930,"journal":{"name":"Electronic Journal of General Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46405631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Milosz Jamrozy, E. Maj, M. Bielecki, Marta Bartoszek, M. Gołębiowski, M. Kuźma-Kozakiewicz
The relevance of the study lies in the need to improve the diagnosis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) by utilizing diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) obtained from conventional 1.5 Tesla MRI scanners. The study aimed to investigate the potential of using different machine learning (ML) classifiers to distinguish between individuals with ALS. In this study, five ML classifiers (“support vector machine (SVM)”, “k-nearest neighbors (K-NN)”, naïve Bayesian classifier, “decision tree”, and “decision forest”) were used, based on two DTI parameters: fractional anisotropy and apparent diffusion coefficient, obtained from two manually selected ROIs at the level of the brain pyramids in 47 ALS patients and 55 healthy subjects. The quality of each classifier was evaluated using the confusion matrix and ROC curves. The highest accuracy in differentiating ALS patients from healthy individuals based on DTI data was demonstrated by the radial kernel support vector method (77% accuracy [p=0.01]), while K-NN and “decision tree” classifiers had slightly lower performance, and “decision forest” classifier was overtrained to the training set (AUC=1). The authors have shown a sufficiently accuracy of ML classifier “SVM” in detecting radiological characteristics of ALS in pyramidal tracts.
{"title":"Machine learning classificatory as a tool in the diagnosis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis using diffusion tensor imaging parameters collected with 1.5T MRI scanner: A case study","authors":"Milosz Jamrozy, E. Maj, M. Bielecki, Marta Bartoszek, M. Gołębiowski, M. Kuźma-Kozakiewicz","doi":"10.29333/ejgm/13536","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29333/ejgm/13536","url":null,"abstract":"The relevance of the study lies in the need to improve the diagnosis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) by utilizing diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) obtained from conventional 1.5 Tesla MRI scanners. The study aimed to investigate the potential of using different machine learning (ML) classifiers to distinguish between individuals with ALS. In this study, five ML classifiers (“support vector machine (SVM)”, “k-nearest neighbors (K-NN)”, naïve Bayesian classifier, “decision tree”, and “decision forest”) were used, based on two DTI parameters: fractional anisotropy and apparent diffusion coefficient, obtained from two manually selected ROIs at the level of the brain pyramids in 47 ALS patients and 55 healthy subjects. The quality of each classifier was evaluated using the confusion matrix and ROC curves. The highest accuracy in differentiating ALS patients from healthy individuals based on DTI data was demonstrated by the radial kernel support vector method (77% accuracy [p=0.01]), while K-NN and “decision tree” classifiers had slightly lower performance, and “decision forest” classifier was overtrained to the training set (AUC=1). The authors have shown a sufficiently accuracy of ML classifier “SVM” in detecting radiological characteristics of ALS in pyramidal tracts.","PeriodicalId":44930,"journal":{"name":"Electronic Journal of General Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41773269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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