Pub Date : 2023-05-03DOI: 10.14710/ijred.2023.51785
Treza Wambui, Meshack Hawi, Francis Njoka, J. Kamau
Biodiesel is considered a suitable substitute for petroleum diesel because it is renewable, environment-friendly, and has a low carbon footprint. However, its high density, high viscosity and low heating value prevents it from replacing petroleum diesel completely. This study investigates the performance and emission characteristics of a compression ignition engine operating on oleander and croton biodiesel doped with graphene nanoparticles. Five fuel samples are used, including diesel (D100), diesel - 80% blended with oleander and croton biodiesel - 20% (OCB20) and OCB20 dosed with graphene nanoparticles at mass fractions of 50 ppm (mg/L), 75 ppm (mg/L) and 100 ppm (mg/L), respectively. The chemical composition of biodiesel and graphene nanoparticles is analyzed using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy while the morphology of the nanoparticles is analyzed using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). Engine tests reveal a significant improvement in brake thermal efficiency, especially at 75 ppm concentration which is 2.76% and 18.93% higher than diesel and OCB20, respectively, and a reduction in brake specific fuel consumption by 2.44% and 16.67% compared to diesel and OCB20, respectively. Carbon monoxide (CO) and unburnt hydrocarbon emissions (UHC) decreases for the 50 ppm sample, recording 8.58% and 21.65% reduction in CO and 52.2% and 50% in UHC compared to the diesel and OCB20, respectively. However, Oxides of Nitrogen (NOx) emissions increase. The results indicate that graphene nanoparticle-enhanced biodiesel can adequately substitute petroleum diesel, albeit with NOx reduction techniques.
{"title":"Performance enhancement and emissions reduction in a diesel engine using oleander and croton biodiesel doped with graphene nanoparticles","authors":"Treza Wambui, Meshack Hawi, Francis Njoka, J. Kamau","doi":"10.14710/ijred.2023.51785","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14710/ijred.2023.51785","url":null,"abstract":"Biodiesel is considered a suitable substitute for petroleum diesel because it is renewable, environment-friendly, and has a low carbon footprint. However, its high density, high viscosity and low heating value prevents it from replacing petroleum diesel completely. This study investigates the performance and emission characteristics of a compression ignition engine operating on oleander and croton biodiesel doped with graphene nanoparticles. Five fuel samples are used, including diesel (D100), diesel - 80% blended with oleander and croton biodiesel - 20% (OCB20) and OCB20 dosed with graphene nanoparticles at mass fractions of 50 ppm (mg/L), 75 ppm (mg/L) and 100 ppm (mg/L), respectively. The chemical composition of biodiesel and graphene nanoparticles is analyzed using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy while the morphology of the nanoparticles is analyzed using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). Engine tests reveal a significant improvement in brake thermal efficiency, especially at 75 ppm concentration which is 2.76% and 18.93% higher than diesel and OCB20, respectively, and a reduction in brake specific fuel consumption by 2.44% and 16.67% compared to diesel and OCB20, respectively. Carbon monoxide (CO) and unburnt hydrocarbon emissions (UHC) decreases for the 50 ppm sample, recording 8.58% and 21.65% reduction in CO and 52.2% and 50% in UHC compared to the diesel and OCB20, respectively. However, Oxides of Nitrogen (NOx) emissions increase. The results indicate that graphene nanoparticle-enhanced biodiesel can adequately substitute petroleum diesel, albeit with NOx reduction techniques. ","PeriodicalId":44938,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Renewable Energy Development-IJRED","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43806628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-01DOI: 10.14710/ijred.2023.53994
T. Nguyen-Thi, Thi Minh Tu Bui, V. G. Bui
Refuse-derived fuel (RDF) made from the mixture of wood and loose rice husk increases the porosity of the fuel in the furnace to facilitate the gasification process. Simulation results show that CO is concentrated in the incomplete combustion zone and CO2 forms mainly in the fully burned area; CH4 forms in the reduction region, while H2 forms in the region of high temperature of the furnace. When the mixture composition was f=0.3, the CO concentration in the syngas reached about 21%, the H2 concentration reached about 2% and the CH4 concentration was too low to be ignored. When the mixture composition increased to f = 0.5, the CO concentration reached about 26%, the H2 concentration remained almost unchanged and the CH4 content increased to 6%. The calorific value of the syngas reached a maximum when f = 0.5 and the temperature of the reduction zone is in the range of 900K to 1200K. Air humidity affects CO concentration but not much on CH4 and H2 concentration as well as the syngas calorific value. The difference between simulation and experimental results is not more than 10% for CH4 concentration and not more than 14% for CO2 concentration. The power of the spark ignition engine is reduced by 30% when running on syngas compared to when running on gasoline.
{"title":"Simulation and experimental study of refuse-derived fuel gasification in an updraft gasifier","authors":"T. Nguyen-Thi, Thi Minh Tu Bui, V. G. Bui","doi":"10.14710/ijred.2023.53994","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14710/ijred.2023.53994","url":null,"abstract":"Refuse-derived fuel (RDF) made from the mixture of wood and loose rice husk increases the porosity of the fuel in the furnace to facilitate the gasification process. Simulation results show that CO is concentrated in the incomplete combustion zone and CO2 forms mainly in the fully burned area; CH4 forms in the reduction region, while H2 forms in the region of high temperature of the furnace. When the mixture composition was f=0.3, the CO concentration in the syngas reached about 21%, the H2 concentration reached about 2% and the CH4 concentration was too low to be ignored. When the mixture composition increased to f = 0.5, the CO concentration reached about 26%, the H2 concentration remained almost unchanged and the CH4 content increased to 6%. The calorific value of the syngas reached a maximum when f = 0.5 and the temperature of the reduction zone is in the range of 900K to 1200K. Air humidity affects CO concentration but not much on CH4 and H2 concentration as well as the syngas calorific value. The difference between simulation and experimental results is not more than 10% for CH4 concentration and not more than 14% for CO2 concentration. The power of the spark ignition engine is reduced by 30% when running on syngas compared to when running on gasoline.","PeriodicalId":44938,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Renewable Energy Development-IJRED","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43873550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-26DOI: 10.14710/ijred.2023.52835
H. Nguyen, K. H. Truong, N. A. Le
This study presents a modern version of the economic load dispatch (MELD) problem with the contribution of renewable energies and conventional energy, including wind, solar and thermal power plants. In the study, reduction of electricity generation cost is the first priority, while the use of multiple fuels in the thermal power plant is considered in addition to the consideration of all constraints of power plants. Two meta-heuristic algorithms, one conventional and one recently published, including Particle swarm optimization (PSO) and Equilibrium optimizer (EO), are applied to determine the optimal solutions for MELD. A power system with ten thermal power plants using multiple fossil fuels, one wind power plant, and three solar power plants is utilized to evaluate the performance of both PSO and EO. Unlike other previous studies, this paper considers the MELD problem with the change of load demands over one day with 24 periods as a real power system. In addition, the power generated by both wind and solar power plants varies at each period. The results obtained by applying the two algorithms indicate that EO is completely superior to PSO, and the solutions found by EO can satisfy all constraints. Particularly in Case 1 with different load demand values, EO achieves better total electricity production cost (TEGC) than PSO by 0.75%, 0.87%, 0.13%, and 0.45% for the loads of 2400 MW, 2500 MW, 2600 MW and 2700 MW. Moreover, EO also provides a faster response capability over PSO through the four subcases although EO and PSO are run by the same selection of control parameters. In Case 2, the high efficiency provided by EO is still maintained, though the scale of the considered problem has been substantially enlarged. Specifically, EO can save $51.2 compared to PSO for the minimum TEGC. The savings cost is equal to 0.33% for the whole schedule of 24 hours. With these results, EO is acknowledged as a favourable search method for dealing with the MELD problem. Besides, this study also points out the difference in performance between a modern meta-heuristic algorithm (EO) and the classical one (PSO). The modern metaheuristic algorithm with special structure is highly valuable for complicated problem as MELD.
{"title":"The application of equilibrium optimizer for solving modern economic load dispatch problem considering renewable energies and multiple-fuel thermal units","authors":"H. Nguyen, K. H. Truong, N. A. Le","doi":"10.14710/ijred.2023.52835","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14710/ijred.2023.52835","url":null,"abstract":"This study presents a modern version of the economic load dispatch (MELD) problem with the contribution of renewable energies and conventional energy, including wind, solar and thermal power plants. In the study, reduction of electricity generation cost is the first priority, while the use of multiple fuels in the thermal power plant is considered in addition to the consideration of all constraints of power plants. Two meta-heuristic algorithms, one conventional and one recently published, including Particle swarm optimization (PSO) and Equilibrium optimizer (EO), are applied to determine the optimal solutions for MELD. A power system with ten thermal power plants using multiple fossil fuels, one wind power plant, and three solar power plants is utilized to evaluate the performance of both PSO and EO. Unlike other previous studies, this paper considers the MELD problem with the change of load demands over one day with 24 periods as a real power system. In addition, the power generated by both wind and solar power plants varies at each period. The results obtained by applying the two algorithms indicate that EO is completely superior to PSO, and the solutions found by EO can satisfy all constraints. Particularly in Case 1 with different load demand values, EO achieves better total electricity production cost (TEGC) than PSO by 0.75%, 0.87%, 0.13%, and 0.45% for the loads of 2400 MW, 2500 MW, 2600 MW and 2700 MW. Moreover, EO also provides a faster response capability over PSO through the four subcases although EO and PSO are run by the same selection of control parameters. In Case 2, the high efficiency provided by EO is still maintained, though the scale of the considered problem has been substantially enlarged. Specifically, EO can save $51.2 compared to PSO for the minimum TEGC. The savings cost is equal to 0.33% for the whole schedule of 24 hours. With these results, EO is acknowledged as a favourable search method for dealing with the MELD problem. Besides, this study also points out the difference in performance between a modern meta-heuristic algorithm (EO) and the classical one (PSO). The modern metaheuristic algorithm with special structure is highly valuable for complicated problem as MELD.","PeriodicalId":44938,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Renewable Energy Development-IJRED","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42222758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-18DOI: 10.14710/ijred.2023.52322
Abdullah AlGhazali, Nana Ize Musa, S. S. Ibrahim, A. Samour
This study explores the mediating role of stock market volatility in the economic growth and environmental degradation nexus in Nigeria using data covering period from 1984 until 2020. The study uses Nonlinear Autoregressive Distributed Lag (NARDL) and a nonparametric asymmetric causality model. While the Wald test in model 1 reveals evidence of weak long-run asymmetric nexus between C02 and economic growth however, findings in model 2 indicates that stock market volatility (SMV) exerts a strong asymmetric effect in growth-C02 relation in the long-run. The result of nonlinear model validates the inverted U-shaped growth-degradation nexus consistent with EKC hypothesis. The finding in model 1 reveals that investment exerts a strong impact on C02 in both the short-run and long-run. On the other hand, the results in model 2 show that the positive component of economic growth has a positive and significant impact on C02 in Nigeria. However, the negative component of economic growth has a negative impact on C02. Moreover, the dynamic causality model reveals: (i) a feedback causality between C02 and the negative component of GDP; and (ii) a unidirectional causality flowing from C02 to the positive component of GDP. Similarly, result of nonlinear causality test reveals a feedback causality between CO2 and GDP. The implication of the finding suggests that while asymmetric properties of economic growth must be controlled in efforts of promoting environmental sustainability, the stock market has a dedicated role to play in widening access to funds for green investment in Nigeria and other developing economies
{"title":"Mediating role of stock market volatility to evaluate asymmetries in the growth-degradation nexus in Nigeria","authors":"Abdullah AlGhazali, Nana Ize Musa, S. S. Ibrahim, A. Samour","doi":"10.14710/ijred.2023.52322","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14710/ijred.2023.52322","url":null,"abstract":"This study explores the mediating role of stock market volatility in the economic growth and environmental degradation nexus in Nigeria using data covering period from 1984 until 2020. The study uses Nonlinear Autoregressive Distributed Lag (NARDL) and a nonparametric asymmetric causality model. While the Wald test in model 1 reveals evidence of weak long-run asymmetric nexus between C02 and economic growth however, findings in model 2 indicates that stock market volatility (SMV) exerts a strong asymmetric effect in growth-C02 relation in the long-run. The result of nonlinear model validates the inverted U-shaped growth-degradation nexus consistent with EKC hypothesis. The finding in model 1 reveals that investment exerts a strong impact on C02 in both the short-run and long-run. On the other hand, the results in model 2 show that the positive component of economic growth has a positive and significant impact on C02 in Nigeria. However, the negative component of economic growth has a negative impact on C02. Moreover, the dynamic causality model reveals: (i) a feedback causality between C02 and the negative component of GDP; and (ii) a unidirectional causality flowing from C02 to the positive component of GDP. Similarly, result of nonlinear causality test reveals a feedback causality between CO2 and GDP. The implication of the finding suggests that while asymmetric properties of economic growth must be controlled in efforts of promoting environmental sustainability, the stock market has a dedicated role to play in widening access to funds for green investment in Nigeria and other developing economies","PeriodicalId":44938,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Renewable Energy Development-IJRED","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47856120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-16DOI: 10.14710/ijred.2023.52402
T. Kreetachat, S. Imman, K. Suwannahong, S. Wongcharee, N. Suriyachai
Drying has emerged as one of the most important ways of preserving high-quality and quantity food goods. A force convection solar drying is considered an ecologically and environmentally friendly alternative. This research presents parameter optimization of greenhouse tunnel dryer of Houttuynia cordata Thunb (H. cordata) using response surface methodology with the assessment of economic feasibility and social return on invesment. The influence parameters of the drying process were evaluated to obtain maximum efficiency. The individual parameters were temperature (40 – 60 °C), material length (10 – 30 cm), and relative humidity (30 – 50%). The individual parameters of drying temperature showed an extreme effect on the response of moisture content and color value change, while the relative humidity had only an influence on moisture content. On the other hand, the parameter of material length was not significance in both responses. When compared to open-air drying, solar drying reduced the drying time of H. cordata by 57.14%. The payback period of the dryer was found to be 2.5 years. Furthermore, the results reveal that the social return on investment ratio in 2021 was 2.18, then increasing to 2.52 in 2022 and 2.91 in 2023. According to the findings, solar drying technology has the potential to be an adequate product quality improvement technology for H. cordata. It is a feasible drying technology in terms of economic evaluation.
{"title":"Response surface optimization and social impact evaluation of Houttuynia cordata Thunb solar drying technology for community enterprise in Chiangrai, Thailand","authors":"T. Kreetachat, S. Imman, K. Suwannahong, S. Wongcharee, N. Suriyachai","doi":"10.14710/ijred.2023.52402","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14710/ijred.2023.52402","url":null,"abstract":"Drying has emerged as one of the most important ways of preserving high-quality and quantity food goods. A force convection solar drying is considered an ecologically and environmentally friendly alternative. This research presents parameter optimization of greenhouse tunnel dryer of Houttuynia cordata Thunb (H. cordata) using response surface methodology with the assessment of economic feasibility and social return on invesment. The influence parameters of the drying process were evaluated to obtain maximum efficiency. The individual parameters were temperature (40 – 60 °C), material length (10 – 30 cm), and relative humidity (30 – 50%). The individual parameters of drying temperature showed an extreme effect on the response of moisture content and color value change, while the relative humidity had only an influence on moisture content. On the other hand, the parameter of material length was not significance in both responses. When compared to open-air drying, solar drying reduced the drying time of H. cordata by 57.14%. The payback period of the dryer was found to be 2.5 years. Furthermore, the results reveal that the social return on investment ratio in 2021 was 2.18, then increasing to 2.52 in 2022 and 2.91 in 2023. According to the findings, solar drying technology has the potential to be an adequate product quality improvement technology for H. cordata. It is a feasible drying technology in terms of economic evaluation.","PeriodicalId":44938,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Renewable Energy Development-IJRED","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43687873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-07DOI: 10.14710/ijred.2023.52496
M. Al-Baghdadi, S. Ahmed, N. Ghyadh
Fueling internal combustion engines with hydrogen is one of the most recommended alternative fuels today in order to combat the energy crisis, pollution problems, and climate change. Despite all the advantages of hydrogen fuel, it produces a higher combustion temperature than gasoline. In an internal combustion engine, the piston is among the numerous complex and highly loaded components. Piston surfaces are directly affected by combustion flames, making them critical components of engines. To examine the stress distribution and specify the critical fracture zones in the piston for hydrogen fuel engines, a three-dimensional CFD-solid-mechanics model of the internal combustion engine piston subjected to real thermomechanical loads was analyzed numerically to investigate the distribution of the temperature on the piston body, the interrelated thermomechanical deformations map, and the pattern of the stresses when fueling the engine with hydrogen fuel. With the aid of multiphysics COMSOL software, the CFD-solid-mechanics equations were solved with high accuracy. Despite the increase in pressure on the piston and its temperature when the engine is running on hydrogen fuel, the results show that the hydrogen fuel engine piston can withstand, safely, the thermomechanical loads. In comparison to gasoline fuel, hydrogen fuel caused a deformation of 0.34 mm, an increase of 17%. This deformation is within safe limits, with an average clearance of 0.867 mm between the cylinder liner and piston.
{"title":"Three-dimensional CFD-solid mechanics analysis of the hydrogen internal combustion engine piston subjected to thermomechanical loads","authors":"M. Al-Baghdadi, S. Ahmed, N. Ghyadh","doi":"10.14710/ijred.2023.52496","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14710/ijred.2023.52496","url":null,"abstract":"Fueling internal combustion engines with hydrogen is one of the most recommended alternative fuels today in order to combat the energy crisis, pollution problems, and climate change. Despite all the advantages of hydrogen fuel, it produces a higher combustion temperature than gasoline. In an internal combustion engine, the piston is among the numerous complex and highly loaded components. Piston surfaces are directly affected by combustion flames, making them critical components of engines. To examine the stress distribution and specify the critical fracture zones in the piston for hydrogen fuel engines, a three-dimensional CFD-solid-mechanics model of the internal combustion engine piston subjected to real thermomechanical loads was analyzed numerically to investigate the distribution of the temperature on the piston body, the interrelated thermomechanical deformations map, and the pattern of the stresses when fueling the engine with hydrogen fuel. With the aid of multiphysics COMSOL software, the CFD-solid-mechanics equations were solved with high accuracy. Despite the increase in pressure on the piston and its temperature when the engine is running on hydrogen fuel, the results show that the hydrogen fuel engine piston can withstand, safely, the thermomechanical loads. In comparison to gasoline fuel, hydrogen fuel caused a deformation of 0.34 mm, an increase of 17%. This deformation is within safe limits, with an average clearance of 0.867 mm between the cylinder liner and piston.","PeriodicalId":44938,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Renewable Energy Development-IJRED","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43578726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-04DOI: 10.14710/ijred.2023.51808
Ahmed Ghazy
Despite their low electrical efficiencies, PVs are widely used to generate electricity from abundant solar energy. In order to maximize the utilization of incident solar energy, PVT collectors have been used to simultaneously generate electricity and thermal energy. Furthermore, combining PVTs with humidification-dehumidification (HDH) cycles can provide electricity and potable water in remote, arid rural areas that are not connected to the grid. In this paper, a PVT-air collector was coupled to an air-heated closed HDH cycle. Air was heated within the PVT collector and humidified by saline water spray inside the humidifier. Fresh water was produced by cooling humid air inside a dehumidifier that is cooled by saline water. The thermal and electrical performances of the PVT-HDH system were experimentally studied and compared to the electrical performance of a PV module with similar characteristics. The results demonstrated a significant decrease in PV temperature within the PVT-HDH system, which resulted in a 20% increase in the output power of the PVT-HDH system at midday compared to the identical PV module. In addition, the PVT-HDH system produced about 3.8 liters of water distillate for a PV module surface area of 1.48 m × 0.68 m, which contributed about 38% to the overall efficiency of the PVT-HDH system.
尽管它们的电效率很低，但pv被广泛用于利用丰富的太阳能发电。为了最大限度地利用入射太阳能，采用PVT集热器同时发电和发电。此外，将pvt与加湿-除湿(HDH)循环相结合，可以为没有连接到电网的偏远干旱农村地区提供电力和饮用水。在本文中，一个pvt -空气收集器耦合到一个空气加热的封闭HDH循环。空气在PVT集热器内加热，并在加湿器内用盐水喷雾加湿。淡水是通过在除湿机内用盐水冷却的潮湿空气来产生的。实验研究了PVT-HDH系统的热学和电学性能，并与具有相似特性的光伏组件的电学性能进行了比较。结果表明，PVT-HDH系统内的PV温度显著降低，与相同的PV组件相比，正午时PVT-HDH系统的输出功率增加了20%。此外，PV组件表面积为1.48 m × 0.68 m时，PVT-HDH系统产生约3.8升馏分水，这对PVT-HDH系统的整体效率贡献了约38%。
{"title":"Experimental thermal and electrical performances of a PVT-air collector coupled to a humidification-dehumidification (HDH) cycle","authors":"Ahmed Ghazy","doi":"10.14710/ijred.2023.51808","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14710/ijred.2023.51808","url":null,"abstract":"Despite their low electrical efficiencies, PVs are widely used to generate electricity from abundant solar energy. In order to maximize the utilization of incident solar energy, PVT collectors have been used to simultaneously generate electricity and thermal energy. Furthermore, combining PVTs with humidification-dehumidification (HDH) cycles can provide electricity and potable water in remote, arid rural areas that are not connected to the grid. In this paper, a PVT-air collector was coupled to an air-heated closed HDH cycle. Air was heated within the PVT collector and humidified by saline water spray inside the humidifier. Fresh water was produced by cooling humid air inside a dehumidifier that is cooled by saline water. The thermal and electrical performances of the PVT-HDH system were experimentally studied and compared to the electrical performance of a PV module with similar characteristics. The results demonstrated a significant decrease in PV temperature within the PVT-HDH system, which resulted in a 20% increase in the output power of the PVT-HDH system at midday compared to the identical PV module. In addition, the PVT-HDH system produced about 3.8 liters of water distillate for a PV module surface area of 1.48 m × 0.68 m, which contributed about 38% to the overall efficiency of the PVT-HDH system.","PeriodicalId":44938,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Renewable Energy Development-IJRED","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42942784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-30DOI: 10.14710/ijred.2023.52044
Yousif S. Issa, K. Hamad, R. J. Algawi, Jasim I. Humadi, Sara Al-Salihi, Mustafa A. Ahmed, Ahmed A. Hassan, Abdul-Kareem Abd Jasim
A novel nano-catalyst based on iron oxide (MnO2/Fe2O3) was developed to promote wet oxidation of phenol. MnO2 was doped in Fe2O3 matrix to prepare composite nano-catalyst with different doping percentage (0, 2 and 5%). The catalytic phenol oxidation was conducted under different reaction temperatures and residence times. To evaluate the optimal kinetic parameters aiming to maximize phenol removal under the optimal conditions for the catalytic wet phenol oxidation process, modeling was applied on the batch reactor using the novel synthesis nano-catalyst (MnO2/Fe2O3) and the model developed was fed with the experimental data. gPROMS package was used to model the process of phenol oxidation and to optimize the experimental data. The error predicted between the simulated and experimental data was less than 5%. The optimal operating conditions were 294 min residence time, 70oC reaction temperature, and 764 ppm initial concentration of phenol over the prepared 5% MnO2/Fe2O3. Running of wet oxidation of phenol under the optimal operating conditions resulted in 98% removal of phenol from refinery wastewater.
{"title":"Removal efficiency and reaction kinetics of phenolic compounds in refinery wastewater by nano catalytic wet oxidation","authors":"Yousif S. Issa, K. Hamad, R. J. Algawi, Jasim I. Humadi, Sara Al-Salihi, Mustafa A. Ahmed, Ahmed A. Hassan, Abdul-Kareem Abd Jasim","doi":"10.14710/ijred.2023.52044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14710/ijred.2023.52044","url":null,"abstract":"A novel nano-catalyst based on iron oxide (MnO2/Fe2O3) was developed to promote wet oxidation of phenol. MnO2 was doped in Fe2O3 matrix to prepare composite nano-catalyst with different doping percentage (0, 2 and 5%). The catalytic phenol oxidation was conducted under different reaction temperatures and residence times. To evaluate the optimal kinetic parameters aiming to maximize phenol removal under the optimal conditions for the catalytic wet phenol oxidation process, modeling was applied on the batch reactor using the novel synthesis nano-catalyst (MnO2/Fe2O3) and the model developed was fed with the experimental data. gPROMS package was used to model the process of phenol oxidation and to optimize the experimental data. The error predicted between the simulated and experimental data was less than 5%. The optimal operating conditions were 294 min residence time, 70oC reaction temperature, and 764 ppm initial concentration of phenol over the prepared 5% MnO2/Fe2O3. Running of wet oxidation of phenol under the optimal operating conditions resulted in 98% removal of phenol from refinery wastewater.","PeriodicalId":44938,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Renewable Energy Development-IJRED","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47723648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-29DOI: 10.14710/ijred.2023.50575
Haileslasie Tadele, Baliira Kalyebara
This study investigates the willingness of customers in the UAE to pay a premium for green energy (GE) sources. Given the huge initial investment required for GE projects, raising capital is often achieved by increasing energy bills or taxes. To explore this issue, the study surveyed 192 small and medium-sized businesses using the contingent valuation method. The results indicate that while most businesses are aware of solar and wind energy sources and the importance of combating climate change, half of them are not willing to compromise their current energy use and do not support an increase in utility bills or taxes to finance GE projects. However, older businesses tend to be more willing to pay a premium for GE compared to younger businesses. Overall, majority of the businesses support a voluntary increase in electricity bills. The findings highlight the crucial role of current electricity bills and knowledge about GE sources in shaping customers' willingness to pay. This study contributes to the literature on energy finance and the contingent valuation method in the context of green energy in the UAE.
{"title":"Willingness to pay for green energy sources in the United Arab Emirates (UAE)","authors":"Haileslasie Tadele, Baliira Kalyebara","doi":"10.14710/ijred.2023.50575","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14710/ijred.2023.50575","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigates the willingness of customers in the UAE to pay a premium for green energy (GE) sources. Given the huge initial investment required for GE projects, raising capital is often achieved by increasing energy bills or taxes. To explore this issue, the study surveyed 192 small and medium-sized businesses using the contingent valuation method. The results indicate that while most businesses are aware of solar and wind energy sources and the importance of combating climate change, half of them are not willing to compromise their current energy use and do not support an increase in utility bills or taxes to finance GE projects. However, older businesses tend to be more willing to pay a premium for GE compared to younger businesses. Overall, majority of the businesses support a voluntary increase in electricity bills. The findings highlight the crucial role of current electricity bills and knowledge about GE sources in shaping customers' willingness to pay. This study contributes to the literature on energy finance and the contingent valuation method in the context of green energy in the UAE.","PeriodicalId":44938,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Renewable Energy Development-IJRED","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66963972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-27DOI: 10.14710/ijred.2023.52180
D. Ariyanti, I. N. Widiasa, M. Widiyanti, Dina Lesdantina, W. Gao
Oil spills are one of the marine pollution events triggered by the results of tanker operations (air ballast), ship repairs and maintenance (docking), mid-ocean loading and unloading terminals, air bilge (drainage of water, oil, and engine-processed lubricants), ship scrapping, and the most common accidents/collisions of tankers. The impacts vary from the death of marine organisms, especially fish, changes in reproduction and behavior of organisms, plankton contamination, fish migration, as well as ecosystem damage, and economic loss. Bio-based absorbents such as biochar can be an environmentally friendly alternative to chemical sorbents that works to adsorb oil spills faster. In this study, the effectiveness of magnetic biochar in oil spill removal was investigated. It also includes the synthesisation of magnetic biochar from agricultural waste (bagasse, rice husks, and sawdust) using the hydrothermal method at a temperature of 200°C. Hydrothermal carbonization is considered a cost-effective method for biochar production because the process can be carried out at low temperatures around 180°- 250°C. Biochar characterization was carried out with a Scanning Electron Microscope and Energy Dispersive X-Ray (SEM-EDX), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD). The Brunauer, Emmett, and Teller (BET) and Barrett–Joyner–Halenda (BJH) were used to analyse the surface area and pore size distribution. Based on the results of the SEM-EDX analysis, only biochar was made from rice husk and sugarcane bagasse which contained Fe elements, as a result of the FeCl3.6H2O reaction. This condition is also proven by the presence of the FeO on both samples based on FTIR. The three synthesized biochar are amorphous and categorized as mesopores due to pore size around 15 to 16 nm, which can absorb petroleum spills with a percentage of 81% for sugarcane bagasse-based biochar, 84% for rice husk-based biochar, and 70% for sawdust-based biochar. Biochar from rice husk has excellent adsorption effectiveness with an adsorption capacity of 0.21 g/g in 60 min due to its large functional group area and the excellent attachment of magnetic compound into the biochar surface to form magnetic biochar.
{"title":"Agricultural waste-based magnetic biochar produced via hydrothermal route for petroleum spills adsorption","authors":"D. Ariyanti, I. N. Widiasa, M. Widiyanti, Dina Lesdantina, W. Gao","doi":"10.14710/ijred.2023.52180","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14710/ijred.2023.52180","url":null,"abstract":"Oil spills are one of the marine pollution events triggered by the results of tanker operations (air ballast), ship repairs and maintenance (docking), mid-ocean loading and unloading terminals, air bilge (drainage of water, oil, and engine-processed lubricants), ship scrapping, and the most common accidents/collisions of tankers. The impacts vary from the death of marine organisms, especially fish, changes in reproduction and behavior of organisms, plankton contamination, fish migration, as well as ecosystem damage, and economic loss. Bio-based absorbents such as biochar can be an environmentally friendly alternative to chemical sorbents that works to adsorb oil spills faster. In this study, the effectiveness of magnetic biochar in oil spill removal was investigated. It also includes the synthesisation of magnetic biochar from agricultural waste (bagasse, rice husks, and sawdust) using the hydrothermal method at a temperature of 200°C. Hydrothermal carbonization is considered a cost-effective method for biochar production because the process can be carried out at low temperatures around 180°- 250°C. Biochar characterization was carried out with a Scanning Electron Microscope and Energy Dispersive X-Ray (SEM-EDX), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD). The Brunauer, Emmett, and Teller (BET) and Barrett–Joyner–Halenda (BJH) were used to analyse the surface area and pore size distribution. Based on the results of the SEM-EDX analysis, only biochar was made from rice husk and sugarcane bagasse which contained Fe elements, as a result of the FeCl3.6H2O reaction. This condition is also proven by the presence of the FeO on both samples based on FTIR. The three synthesized biochar are amorphous and categorized as mesopores due to pore size around 15 to 16 nm, which can absorb petroleum spills with a percentage of 81% for sugarcane bagasse-based biochar, 84% for rice husk-based biochar, and 70% for sawdust-based biochar. Biochar from rice husk has excellent adsorption effectiveness with an adsorption capacity of 0.21 g/g in 60 min due to its large functional group area and the excellent attachment of magnetic compound into the biochar surface to form magnetic biochar.","PeriodicalId":44938,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Renewable Energy Development-IJRED","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42483837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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