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Trust and commitment in supply chain during digital transformation: A case in Korea 数字化转型中的供应链信任与承诺:以韩国为例
IF 1.4 Q3 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.3934/environsci.2021040
Ik-Whan G. Kwon, Nina Shin, Sung-Ho Kim, Hamed Usman
Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to test the hypothesis that the fundamentals of the supply chain relationships have not changed during the digital transformation period in Korea between 2006 and 2018. Design/methodology/approach - The data for this study were collected through a questionnaire-based survey during two different time periods in Korea, 2006 and 2018. Findings - This study reveals that supply chain professionals in 2006 regarded trust building process as the most important construct for the successful supply chain operations while in the 2018 survey, trust-based commitment became the most important construct. This paper concludes that supply chain sustainability will be enhanced based on strong supply chain relationship framework. Originality/value - This study reaffirmed that a supply chain relationship built on a trust-based commitment is still the pathway to successful supply chain implementation. As far as we know, no studies have been published in examining supply chain relationships during the digital transformation in two time periods.
目的-本文的目的是检验一个假设,即韩国在2006年至2018年的数字化转型期间,供应链关系的基础没有改变。设计/方法/方法-本研究的数据是在韩国2006年和2018年两个不同时期通过问卷调查收集的。研究结果-本研究显示,2006年供应链专业人员将信任建立过程视为成功供应链运营最重要的结构,而在2018年的调查中,基于信任的承诺成为最重要的结构。本文认为,建立强有力的供应链关系框架有助于提高供应链的可持续性。原创性/价值——这项研究重申,建立在信任基础上的供应链关系仍然是成功实施供应链的途径。据我们所知,在数字化转型的两个时期内,还没有发表过关于供应链关系的研究。
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引用次数: 0
Management of hospital radioactive liquid waste: treatment proposal for radioimmunoassay wastes 医院放射性液体废物的管理:放射免疫测定废物的处理方案
IF 1.4 Q3 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.3934/environsci.2021029
M. Sancho, Valencia Spain n, J. M. Arnal, G. Verdú-Martín, Cristina Trull-Hernandis, B. García-Fayos
Radioactive liquid wastes are produced at hospitals from diagnostic and therapeutic applications of radionuclides. The most usual management of these wastes is temporary storage at the hospital for radioactivity decay and, then, discharge into sewage if not other pollutants are present in waste, always after authorization of the corresponding institution. In some cases, radioactive wastes have other hazards, such as chemical or biological ones, which can be more dangerous than radiological hazard, and do not allow direct discharge into sewage in spite of decaying activity below the clearance level. Therefore, these wastes have to be treated and condition before discharge in spite of activity decay below discharge limit. This is the case of liquid wastes from radioimmunoassay (RIA), a laboratory technique that allows to determine human substances in very low concentrations (below 10-12 g/mL), like hormones, using 125I as radionuclide. This study summarizes the usual management of radioactive liquid wastes from hospitals, including conventional and recent treatments applied. Furthermore, based on experimental results obtained with real RIA wastes, this work exposes a proposal of treatment with ultrafiltration and reverse osmosis membranes, and determines the most suitable application of this treatment according to radiological and operational considerations.
放射性核素在医院的诊断和治疗应用产生放射性液体废物。这些废物最常见的管理方法是在医院暂时存放,等待放射性衰变,如果废物中没有其他污染物,则排入污水,通常是在相应机构批准之后。在某些情况下,放射性废物具有其他危害,例如化学或生物危害,这些危害可能比放射性危害更危险,尽管放射性废物的活性低于清除水平,但仍不允许直接排放到污水中。因此,尽管这些废物的活性衰减低于排放限值,但在排放前必须对其进行处理和处理。放射免疫测定法(RIA)的液体废物就是这种情况。放射免疫测定法是一种实验室技术,使用125I作为放射性核素,可以测定极低浓度(低于10- 12g /mL)的人体物质,如激素。本研究总结了医院放射性液体废物的通常管理,包括传统和最近应用的处理方法。此外,基于真实RIA废物的实验结果,本工作提出了超滤和反渗透膜处理的建议,并根据放射学和操作考虑确定了该处理的最合适应用。
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引用次数: 3
Management of radioactive waste from application of radioactive materials and small reactors in non-nuclear industries in Canada and the implications for their new application in the future 加拿大在非核工业中应用放射性材料和小型反应堆所产生的放射性废物的管理及其对今后新应用的影响
IF 1.4 Q3 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.3934/environsci.2021039
George Xu, Nicholas Chan
A large number of artificial-origin radionuclides from irradiation in small reactors and/or nuclear reactions in accelerators are currently used in non-nuclear industries such as education, oil and gas, consumer merchandise, research, and medicine. Radioactive wastes from the use of these radionuclides in non-nuclear industries include expired sealed radioactive sources, biological materials, radionuclide-containing chemicals, contaminated equipment, and very small quantities of used nuclear fuel. Although being less challenging and complex than nuclear energy production and research waste streams, these wastes are subject to the common nuclear regulations by the Canadian Nuclear Safety Commission, and are managed following domestic and international standards and guidelines made by the Canadian Standards Association, International Atomic Energy Agency, and International Organization for Standardization. Management practices used in the nuclear industry in Canada are commonly applied to the non-nuclear industry radioactive waste streams, such as waste handling, treatment, packaging, storage, transportation, clearance and exemptions, and disposal. The half-lives of radionuclides in non‑nuclear applications range from hours to thousands of years, and their activities in non-nuclear industrial applications can be as low as their clearance level or as high as the upper limits for intermediate level radioactive waste. Waste containing only short half-life radionuclides is placed in temporary storage to allow decay, and then is cleared and disposed of through non-radioactive waste routes. Non‑clearable waste materials are treated, consolidated, and managed along with radioactive waste generated from the nuclear industries at designated radioactive waste management sites.
目前,在教育、石油和天然气、消费品、研究和医药等非核工业中使用了大量由小型反应堆辐照和(或)加速器核反应产生的人工来源放射性核素。在非核工业中使用这些放射性核素产生的放射性废物包括过期的密封放射源、生物材料、含放射性核素的化学品、受污染的设备和极少量的用过核燃料。虽然这些废物不像核能生产和研究废物流那样具有挑战性和复杂性,但它们受加拿大核安全委员会的共同核条例的约束,并按照加拿大标准协会、国际原子能机构和国际标准化组织制定的国内和国际标准和准则进行管理。加拿大核工业中使用的管理方法通常适用于非核工业放射性废物流,例如废物处理、处理、包装、储存、运输、清关和豁免以及处置。放射性核素在非核应用中的半衰期从数小时到数千年不等,其在非核工业应用中的活动可低至其清除水平,也可高至中等水平放射性废物的上限。只含有短半衰期放射性核素的废物被放置在临时储存处以允许衰变,然后通过非放射性废物途径进行清除和处置。不可清除的废物与核工业产生的放射性废物一起在指定的放射性废物管理点进行处理、合并和管理。
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引用次数: 1
An efficiency dynamic seasonal regression forecasting technique for high variation of water level in Yom River Basin of Thailand 泰国Yom河流域水位剧烈变化的高效动态季节回归预报技术
IF 1.4 Q3 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.3934/environsci.2021019
K. Nualtong, R. Chinram, Piyawan Khwanmuang, S. Kirtsaeng, T. Panityakul
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引用次数: 0
Prioritization in wildfire restoration using GIS-based ordered weighted averaging (OWA): A case study in southern California 基于gis的有序加权平均(OWA)在野火恢复中的优先排序:以南加州为例
IF 1.4 Q3 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.3934/environsci.2021031
Tanner Noth, C. Rinner
Wildfires are a prevalent natural disaster that can significantly impact human populations and result in considerable losses. With a changing climate, wildfires in many countries have increased in intensity and frequency, making effective restoration efforts in affected areas crucial. This paper aims to evaluate the efficacy of ordered weighted averaging (OWA), a GIS-based multi-criteria decision analysis technique, in identifying priority areas for wildfire restoration. A case study using the 2009 Station Fire in California is presented, using the restoration criteria of slope, erodibility, proximity to forest cover, and proximity to surface water. By applying both importance and order weights, multiple OWA decision strategies with varying risk levels were examined. Different strategies greatly influence the spatial distribution of land considered high and low priority for wildfire restoration, each with varying levels of trade off. In the OWA decision space, placing full emphasis on the highest (best) values (using the risk-taking OR operator) or the lowest values (using the risk-averse AND operator) resulted in composite priority maps that cannot be recommended for practical use. More nuanced scenarios are achieved with the OWA operators representing a range of compromise decision strategies between these extremes. The OWA technique in GIS can thus help to explore the impact of decision-makers' risk attitudes in a wildfire restoration setting.
野火是一种普遍存在的自然灾害,可对人口造成重大影响并造成相当大的损失。随着气候变化,许多国家的野火强度和频率都有所增加,因此在受灾地区开展有效的恢复工作至关重要。本文旨在评估有序加权平均(OWA)的有效性,OWA是一种基于gis的多标准决策分析技术,用于确定野火恢复的优先区域。以2009年加利福尼亚州的火灾为例,采用坡度、可蚀性、接近森林覆盖和接近地表水的恢复标准进行了研究。通过应用重要性和顺序权重,研究了具有不同风险水平的多个OWA决策策略。不同的策略极大地影响了被认为是野火恢复优先级高低的土地的空间分布,每种策略都有不同程度的权衡。在OWA决策空间中,完全强调最高(最佳)值(使用风险规避OR操作符)或最低值(使用风险规避AND操作符)会导致不推荐用于实际使用的复合优先级图。使用代表这些极端之间的一系列折衷决策策略的OWA操作人员可以实现更细微的场景。因此,GIS中的OWA技术可以帮助探索决策者在野火恢复环境中的风险态度的影响。
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引用次数: 3
Development of a Strategic Framework for Sustainable Supply Chain Management 可持续供应链管理战略框架的发展
IF 1.4 Q3 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.3934/environsci.2021034
Hsin-Yao Hsu, M. Hwang, Y. Chiu
It is widely agreed that properly establishing a sustainable supply chain strategy to yield competitive advantages is essential for business enterprises, and a number of research papers on sustainable supply chains have been produced over the last two decades. However, many past studies on sustainable supply chain strategies emphasized either classification schemes or various coordination mechanisms, and few of them have focused on an integrated framework for sustainable supply chains. Therefore, the objective of this study is to develop a strategic framework for the sustainable supply chain management. The study is based on the abductive reasoning process through literature review to establish a strategic framework which is ranked through grey relational analysis (GRA). The weighted data of various strategies collected from the elite interview prove to be comprehensive and evaluable, so it can create values for supply chain members in practice. The results further suggest that each sustainable supply chain in different fields can select the best combination of strategies through GRA to constantly facilitate performance of sustainability. The main contribution is the submission of a strategic framework which makes up the insufficiency of past research papers lacking an integrated strategic framework. At the same time, the proposed strategic framework has also been illustrated through a case study.
人们普遍认为,适当地建立可持续供应链战略以产生竞争优势对商业企业至关重要,在过去的二十年中,已经产生了许多关于可持续供应链的研究论文。然而,以往关于可持续供应链战略的许多研究要么强调分类方案,要么强调各种协调机制,很少有研究关注可持续供应链的综合框架。因此,本研究的目的是制定可持续供应链管理的战略框架。本研究以溯因推理过程为基础,通过文献综述建立策略框架,并通过灰色关联分析(GRA)进行排序。从精英访谈中收集到的各种策略的加权数据被证明是全面的和可评估的,因此在实践中可以为供应链成员创造价值。研究结果进一步表明,不同领域的可持续供应链可以通过GRA选择最佳策略组合,不断促进可持续绩效的实现。主要贡献是提出了一个战略框架,弥补了以往研究论文缺乏综合战略框架的不足。同时,本文还通过一个案例对所提出的战略框架进行了说明。
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引用次数: 2
Humic acid improved germination rate, seedling growth and antioxidant system of pea (Pisum sativum L. var. Alicia) grown in water polluted with CdCl2 腐植酸提高了CdCl2污染水体中豌豆(Pisum sativum L. var. Alicia)的发芽率、幼苗生长和抗氧化系统
IF 1.4 Q3 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.3934/environsci.2021023
M. Basahi
Seeds of pea (Pisum sativum L. var. Alicia) were germinated for 5 d by soaking in distilled water or treated with cadmium and/or humic acid (HA). Interaction between humic acid and cadmium was previously discussed. However, the regulation of the humic acid / cadmium interaction during seed germination, the first crucial stage of the plant life cycle, need to be clarified. Seed germination is an important stage of the plant life, which is highly sensitive to surrounding medium changes, since the germinating seed is the first interface of material exchange between plant cycle and environment. Relationships among cadmium stress, HA-treatment, germination rate, and changes in reserve mobilization were studied. Cadmium disrupted the soaking process that was a major event of germination. Moreover, important solutes leakage due to Cd-treatment caused disorder in reserve mobilization from cotyledons to growing embryonic axes. The observed delay in germination rate and seedling growth after Cd-treatment could be explained, partially, by the disturbance in the mobilization of water and nutrients. NADH-and MDA-activities were considered as markers of oxidative stress. they were substantially increased after Cd-treatment compared with controls but decreased in presence of AH. Excessive NADH oxidase activities proved the install of oxidative stress in Cd poisoned seeds. We suggested an antagonist effect of Cd and HA on oxidative stress enzyme activities. Treatment of seeds with Cd and/or AH maintained a high level of guaiacol peroxidase activities during five days. The possible implication of GPOX against Cd toxicity and the improvement of the antioxidant system after AH treatment proved an important implication of these findings during germination.
以豌豆(Pisum sativum L. var. Alicia)种子为试验材料,采用蒸馏水浸泡或镉和/或腐植酸(HA)处理,使种子萌发5 d。腐植酸与镉的相互作用已在前面讨论过。然而,在植物生命周期的第一个关键阶段——种子萌发过程中,腐植酸/镉相互作用的调控需要澄清。种子萌发是植物生命的重要阶段,对周围环境的变化高度敏感,是植物生长周期与环境物质交换的第一个界面。研究了镉胁迫、ha处理、发芽率与储备动员变化之间的关系。镉破坏了浸渍过程,这是发芽的主要事件。此外,cd处理导致的大量溶质渗漏导致子叶到胚轴的储备动员紊乱。cd处理后的发芽率和幼苗生长延迟,部分原因是cd干扰了水分和养分的调动。nadh和mda活性被认为是氧化应激的标志。与对照组相比,cd治疗后它们显著增加,但存在AH时它们减少。过量的NADH氧化酶活性证明了Cd中毒种子存在氧化胁迫。我们认为Cd和HA对氧化应激酶活性有拮抗作用。Cd和/或AH处理的种子在5天内保持较高水平的愈创木酚过氧化物酶活性。GPOX抗Cd毒性的可能含义以及AH处理后抗氧化系统的改善证明了这些发现在萌发过程中的重要意义。
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引用次数: 2
Development of sustainable waste management in higher education institutions 在高等教育机构发展可持续的废物管理
IF 1.4 Q3 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.3934/environsci.2021016
Nadia A. Abdulghaffar, I. Williams
Despite the various initiatives being employed for fostering sustainability to globally achieve Agenda 2030, the understanding of the Higher Education Institutions (HEI) practices, discourse, and management remains limited. The present study identifies and quantifies the development of sustainable practices for HEI. It is an exploratory cross-sectional study conducted in 2014 at King Abdul Aziz University (KAU) to identify knowledge, attitudes, and behaviour concerning waste management and what could be done to develop sustainable practices at the campus. The study population comprised of academic and non-academic staff of KAU recruited through random sampling technique. The data was collected through two closed-ended questionnaires and analyzed using IBM Statistical Package of Social Sciences software (SPSS) version 20. The study's findings showed that waste management (WM) would improve KAU's reputation at local, national and international levels resulting in improved regulatory compliance. The results also reflected that environmental pollution caused by the emissions from the energy used and the materials consumed could considerably be reduced by the effective technical measures taken by the organization. The study concluded that sustainability in universities could be achieved when HEI works to inform citizens; there still is a long way to be at par with the European counterparts.
尽管采取了各种举措来促进可持续发展,以实现全球2030年议程,但对高等教育机构(HEI)实践、话语和管理的理解仍然有限。本研究确定并量化了高等教育可持续实践的发展。这是2014年在阿卜杜勒阿齐兹国王大学(KAU)进行的一项探索性横断面研究,旨在确定有关废物管理的知识、态度和行为,以及如何在校园发展可持续实践。研究对象包括通过随机抽样方法招募的大学教职员和非教职员。数据通过两份封闭式问卷收集,并使用IBM社会科学统计软件包(SPSS)第20版进行分析。研究结果显示,废物管理可提高九龙农业大学在本地、国家和国际层面的声誉,从而改善其遵守法例的情况。结果还反映出,通过采取有效的技术措施,该组织所使用的能源和所消耗的材料的排放所造成的环境污染可以大大减少。该研究的结论是,当高等教育努力告知公民时,大学的可持续性可以实现;要与欧洲同行比肩还有很长的路要走。
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引用次数: 5
Modeling the temporal dynamics of chlordecone in the profile of tropical polluted soils as affected by land use change 受土地利用变化影响的热带污染土壤剖面中十氯酮的时间动态模拟
IF 1.4 Q3 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.3934/environsci.2021020
Jorge Sierra, Antoine Richard
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引用次数: 0
The effects of Ganoderma lucidum compound on goat weight and anti-inflammatory: a case study of circular agriculture 复方灵芝对山羊体重和抗炎的影响——以循环农业为例
IF 1.4 Q3 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.3934/environsci.2021035
Wen-Hung Lin, Kuo-Hua Lee, Liangchuan Chen
Green sustainable development is an extremely important concept, and the most representative industry is agriculture. The agricultural industry value chain covers the connotation of green and sustainable innovation. Circular agriculture is a revival of old agricultural practice, and the concept is a combination of crop planting and livestock farming to minimize the losses in the food production chain. This study explores the effects of Ganoderma lucidum compound added in feed on goat weight and anti-inflammatory through a case study. This study uses average weight difference analysis and an independent t-test to verify the goat weight gain and growth, and uses nitric oxide, interleukin 6, tumor necrosis factor α, and tetrazolium to verify goat health. This study shows that dietary supplementation of the Ganoderma lucidum compound has better performance in weight gain and growth of goats. It also provides a method of reducing antibiotics to promote health and welfare in the goat or even the livestock breeding industry. At the same time, it may help livestock owners to improve management efficiency.
绿色可持续发展是一个极其重要的理念,最具代表性的行业是农业。农业产业价值链涵盖了绿色创新和可持续创新的内涵。循环农业是旧农业实践的复兴,其概念是将作物种植和畜牧业结合起来,以尽量减少粮食生产链中的损失。本研究通过实例研究了饲料中添加复方灵芝对山羊体重和抗炎的影响。本研究采用平均体重差分析和独立t检验验证山羊增重和生长,采用一氧化氮、白细胞介素6、肿瘤坏死因子α和四氮唑验证山羊健康状况。由此可见,饲粮中添加复方灵芝对山羊增重和生长有较好的促进作用。它还提供了一种减少抗生素的方法,以促进山羊甚至牲畜养殖业的健康和福利。同时,可以帮助养殖户提高管理效率。
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引用次数: 0
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AIMS Environmental Science
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