Pub Date : 2021-11-09DOI: 10.1080/0145935X.2021.1996226
Anat Kali, Shlomo Romi
Abstract This study explores socio-cultural mechanisms in a religious collective society, Israeli Ultra-Orthodox (UO) Judaism, and describes how these mechanisms create unique risk situations for adolescents. Four risk factors contribute to a high dropout rate among Israeli UO youth: strict expectations according to gender norms, social exclusion, social surveillance, and secretiveness. The present research involved a qualitative analysis of multiple case studies of marginalized youth derived from data collected through structured interviews of 44 at-risk youth and 23 adult informants from various UO communities. Data analysis was based on grounded-theory methods and ethnographic and phenomenological content analysis. Findings showed that at-risk UO adolescents react to social reevaluation of both their personal and family’s social capital. When individuals or families are reevaluated by their community following an attempt to move between social fields or when a change in personal circumstances exposes a family problem, Social Reevaluation (SR) operates. The SR model provides a theoretical explanation for understanding why and how the social practices of UO youth at-risk may lead to changes in their behaviors. This novel approach illuminates the complexities of risk among adolescents in religious collective societies.
{"title":"Social Re-Evaluation Model: A Mechanism for Evaluating the Social Capital of at-Risk Adolescents in an ultra-Orthodox Collective Society","authors":"Anat Kali, Shlomo Romi","doi":"10.1080/0145935X.2021.1996226","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0145935X.2021.1996226","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This study explores socio-cultural mechanisms in a religious collective society, Israeli Ultra-Orthodox (UO) Judaism, and describes how these mechanisms create unique risk situations for adolescents. Four risk factors contribute to a high dropout rate among Israeli UO youth: strict expectations according to gender norms, social exclusion, social surveillance, and secretiveness. The present research involved a qualitative analysis of multiple case studies of marginalized youth derived from data collected through structured interviews of 44 at-risk youth and 23 adult informants from various UO communities. Data analysis was based on grounded-theory methods and ethnographic and phenomenological content analysis. Findings showed that at-risk UO adolescents react to social reevaluation of both their personal and family’s social capital. When individuals or families are reevaluated by their community following an attempt to move between social fields or when a change in personal circumstances exposes a family problem, Social Reevaluation (SR) operates. The SR model provides a theoretical explanation for understanding why and how the social practices of UO youth at-risk may lead to changes in their behaviors. This novel approach illuminates the complexities of risk among adolescents in religious collective societies.","PeriodicalId":45151,"journal":{"name":"Child & Youth Services","volume":"43 1","pages":"366 - 390"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44172209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-08DOI: 10.1080/0145935X.2021.1997584
Ove Heradstveit, B. S. Haugland, S. Nilsen, Tormod Bøe, Borge Sivertsen, M. Hysing
Abstract Parental mental illness is a major risk factor for youth psychopathology, but few studies have used data from child and adolescent mental health services (CAMHS) to investigate this group. We used a unique linkage between a CAMHS-registry and a large population-based survey of Norwegian adolescents aged 16–19 years. Nine hundred and seventy adolescents received CAMHS, of whom 87 (9%) were registered with a parent with mental illness. These adolescents had increased odds for a range of psychiatric disorders and comorbidity compared with CAMHS-patients. These findings underscore the need to consider parental mental illness when assessing and treating adolescents with psychiatric disorders.
{"title":"Parental Mental Illness as a Risk Factor for Adolescent Psychiatric Disorders: A Registry-Based Study of Specialized Child and Adolescent Health Services","authors":"Ove Heradstveit, B. S. Haugland, S. Nilsen, Tormod Bøe, Borge Sivertsen, M. Hysing","doi":"10.1080/0145935X.2021.1997584","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0145935X.2021.1997584","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Parental mental illness is a major risk factor for youth psychopathology, but few studies have used data from child and adolescent mental health services (CAMHS) to investigate this group. We used a unique linkage between a CAMHS-registry and a large population-based survey of Norwegian adolescents aged 16–19 years. Nine hundred and seventy adolescents received CAMHS, of whom 87 (9%) were registered with a parent with mental illness. These adolescents had increased odds for a range of psychiatric disorders and comorbidity compared with CAMHS-patients. These findings underscore the need to consider parental mental illness when assessing and treating adolescents with psychiatric disorders.","PeriodicalId":45151,"journal":{"name":"Child & Youth Services","volume":"44 1","pages":"48 - 71"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42732461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-12DOI: 10.1080/0145935X.2021.1987211
P. Dashora, Shiva Kiaras
Abstract The current study examined the perspectives of homeless youth on their life experiences using Bronfenbrenner’s ecological-developmental framework. Fifteen youth (18-24 years) were recruited from the streets and homeless serving agencies in a mid-western city in the US. They participated in a life history interview that covered topics including the lived experiences of youth with their family, school, friends, and children’s services, daily struggles, resources, personal strengths, and future hopes. The findings of this study illustrate that several factors such as family issues, feeling alienated at school, association with peers involved in delinquent activities, struggles in children’s services, major life events, economic downturn, and cultural ideologies influence homelessness among youth.
{"title":"Youth without Housing: An Ecological-Developmental Perspective","authors":"P. Dashora, Shiva Kiaras","doi":"10.1080/0145935X.2021.1987211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0145935X.2021.1987211","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The current study examined the perspectives of homeless youth on their life experiences using Bronfenbrenner’s ecological-developmental framework. Fifteen youth (18-24 years) were recruited from the streets and homeless serving agencies in a mid-western city in the US. They participated in a life history interview that covered topics including the lived experiences of youth with their family, school, friends, and children’s services, daily struggles, resources, personal strengths, and future hopes. The findings of this study illustrate that several factors such as family issues, feeling alienated at school, association with peers involved in delinquent activities, struggles in children’s services, major life events, economic downturn, and cultural ideologies influence homelessness among youth.","PeriodicalId":45151,"journal":{"name":"Child & Youth Services","volume":"43 1","pages":"53 - 75"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47812555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-06DOI: 10.1080/0145935X.2021.1981133
Aehsan Ahmad Dar, S. Deb, Shinto K Thomas, D. M., Farhat Jahan, Bushra Sumaiya, Shubhangi Gupta
Abstract No study to date exists regarding resilience in the context of armed conflict in Kashmir, India. Therefore, this study intended to understand the factors that predict resilience among young adults affected by the violence of the protracted conflict in Kashmir. The data were collected from 656 students, who experienced stress, related to the conflict. Findings showed that more than a quarter of the respondents (35.8%) were exposed, from 7 to 10, less than a quarter (16.6%) of participants reported 2–6, and almost half of the respondents (47.6%) were exposed to 11 or more stressful events related to the conflict in Kashmir. Multiple hierarchical regression analysis was used to examine the role of conflict exposure, social support, and demographic variables in predicting resilience. The results of the final regression model revealed that exposure to armed conflict, social support, level of education, monthly family income and gender, emerged as significant predictors of resilience. The study recommends the formulation of programs to sensitize people living in the areas affected by the armed conflicts, regarding the importance of social support and resilience, to help them withstand various adverse life experiences.
{"title":"Evidence and Predictors of Resilience among Young Adults Exposed to Traumatic Events of the Armed Conflict in Kashmir","authors":"Aehsan Ahmad Dar, S. Deb, Shinto K Thomas, D. M., Farhat Jahan, Bushra Sumaiya, Shubhangi Gupta","doi":"10.1080/0145935X.2021.1981133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0145935X.2021.1981133","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract No study to date exists regarding resilience in the context of armed conflict in Kashmir, India. Therefore, this study intended to understand the factors that predict resilience among young adults affected by the violence of the protracted conflict in Kashmir. The data were collected from 656 students, who experienced stress, related to the conflict. Findings showed that more than a quarter of the respondents (35.8%) were exposed, from 7 to 10, less than a quarter (16.6%) of participants reported 2–6, and almost half of the respondents (47.6%) were exposed to 11 or more stressful events related to the conflict in Kashmir. Multiple hierarchical regression analysis was used to examine the role of conflict exposure, social support, and demographic variables in predicting resilience. The results of the final regression model revealed that exposure to armed conflict, social support, level of education, monthly family income and gender, emerged as significant predictors of resilience. The study recommends the formulation of programs to sensitize people living in the areas affected by the armed conflicts, regarding the importance of social support and resilience, to help them withstand various adverse life experiences.","PeriodicalId":45151,"journal":{"name":"Child & Youth Services","volume":"44 1","pages":"27 - 47"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42774536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-24DOI: 10.1080/0145935X.2021.1979957
Päivi Känkänen, Tarja Pääjoki, M. Manninen
Abstract We assessed the impacts of a drama-based 13-session workshop among adolescents (N = 8) residing in a reform school due to severe conduct problems. The participants were interviewed three times during the process. In addition, they filled in a questionnaire assessing emotion processing. The theoretical background was Capabilities Approach. Our results showed that participation promoted numerous positive outcomes both at the individual and group level: personal growth, new insight, meaningful interaction and increased interpersonal trust. Providing a control-free space is especially important for minors residing in a controlled environment. Drama workshops and capability approaches provide promising tools for child welfare.
{"title":"Promoting Capabilities with a Drama Workshop among Foster Care Adolescents","authors":"Päivi Känkänen, Tarja Pääjoki, M. Manninen","doi":"10.1080/0145935X.2021.1979957","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0145935X.2021.1979957","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract We assessed the impacts of a drama-based 13-session workshop among adolescents (N = 8) residing in a reform school due to severe conduct problems. The participants were interviewed three times during the process. In addition, they filled in a questionnaire assessing emotion processing. The theoretical background was Capabilities Approach. Our results showed that participation promoted numerous positive outcomes both at the individual and group level: personal growth, new insight, meaningful interaction and increased interpersonal trust. Providing a control-free space is especially important for minors residing in a controlled environment. Drama workshops and capability approaches provide promising tools for child welfare.","PeriodicalId":45151,"journal":{"name":"Child & Youth Services","volume":"43 1","pages":"290 - 308"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43536893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-22DOI: 10.1080/0145935X.2021.1979956
B. Devenish, M. Hooley, D. Mellor
Abstract This study aims to evaluate whether community-based and individual interventions in Armenia lead to improvements in youth outcomes. Youth from eight schools were invited to participate in a community-based intervention plus a program targeting youth beliefs and behaviors, and youth from eight other schools were invited to participate in the community-based intervention alone. In total, 240 youths aged 10–16 years (M = 12.48; SD = 1.33) agreed to participate. There were significant increases in perceived sociopolitical control in both groups, and in emotional regulation through cognitive reappraisal in the community-based intervention-only group. The only significant change identified in the individual intervention group in comparison to the community-based intervention only group was a lower uptake of beliefs endorsing wife-beating. No other improvements were found. Our research failed to find support for brief interventions targeting the individual beliefs and behaviors of Armenian youth, indicating that multilevel interventions which are sustained over time may be needed.
{"title":"Youth-Focused Programs in Collectivist Cultures: Can Youth-Focused Intervention Lead to Significant Change in Vulnerable Rural Communities in Armenia?","authors":"B. Devenish, M. Hooley, D. Mellor","doi":"10.1080/0145935X.2021.1979956","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0145935X.2021.1979956","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This study aims to evaluate whether community-based and individual interventions in Armenia lead to improvements in youth outcomes. Youth from eight schools were invited to participate in a community-based intervention plus a program targeting youth beliefs and behaviors, and youth from eight other schools were invited to participate in the community-based intervention alone. In total, 240 youths aged 10–16 years (M = 12.48; SD = 1.33) agreed to participate. There were significant increases in perceived sociopolitical control in both groups, and in emotional regulation through cognitive reappraisal in the community-based intervention-only group. The only significant change identified in the individual intervention group in comparison to the community-based intervention only group was a lower uptake of beliefs endorsing wife-beating. No other improvements were found. Our research failed to find support for brief interventions targeting the individual beliefs and behaviors of Armenian youth, indicating that multilevel interventions which are sustained over time may be needed.","PeriodicalId":45151,"journal":{"name":"Child & Youth Services","volume":"43 1","pages":"134 - 160"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45771433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-03DOI: 10.1080/0145935x.2021.1987688
G. Charles, Ben Anderson-Nathe
{"title":"Reconsidering Ethics: Ripples Across Time, Place, and People","authors":"G. Charles, Ben Anderson-Nathe","doi":"10.1080/0145935x.2021.1987688","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0145935x.2021.1987688","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45151,"journal":{"name":"Child & Youth Services","volume":"42 1","pages":"221 - 223"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46176371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-14DOI: 10.1080/0145935X.2021.1938525
Hanni B. Flaherty
Abstract Self-injurious behaviors affect millions of adolescents each year, indicating a public health problem needing attention and intervention. Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) is the act of purposefully hurting oneself without the conscious intent to die, such as self-cutting, burning, or carving. As the rate of engagement in NSSI is growing among adolescents, mental health practitioners are increasingly faced with responding to NSSI behaviors among adolescent clients. These mental health practitioners must adequately and efficiently identify the behaviors and determine the course of treatment to best support the client and reduce the NSSI behaviors. This article aims to educate practitioners around NSSI behaviors, assessment techniques, and the current evidence-based interventions available to treat adolescents who struggle with NSSI to determine the best practice for this high-risk population by using a case example. Due to the lack of research on NSSI, there is a significant gap in knowledge related to interventions for adolescents who engage in NSSI. Practitioners often report having little training specific to the issues and needs of adolescents who engage in NSSI.
{"title":"Treating Adolescent Non-Suicidal Self-Injury: Guidelines for Clinical Practice","authors":"Hanni B. Flaherty","doi":"10.1080/0145935X.2021.1938525","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0145935X.2021.1938525","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Self-injurious behaviors affect millions of adolescents each year, indicating a public health problem needing attention and intervention. Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) is the act of purposefully hurting oneself without the conscious intent to die, such as self-cutting, burning, or carving. As the rate of engagement in NSSI is growing among adolescents, mental health practitioners are increasingly faced with responding to NSSI behaviors among adolescent clients. These mental health practitioners must adequately and efficiently identify the behaviors and determine the course of treatment to best support the client and reduce the NSSI behaviors. This article aims to educate practitioners around NSSI behaviors, assessment techniques, and the current evidence-based interventions available to treat adolescents who struggle with NSSI to determine the best practice for this high-risk population by using a case example. Due to the lack of research on NSSI, there is a significant gap in knowledge related to interventions for adolescents who engage in NSSI. Practitioners often report having little training specific to the issues and needs of adolescents who engage in NSSI.","PeriodicalId":45151,"journal":{"name":"Child & Youth Services","volume":"42 1","pages":"393 - 410"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/0145935X.2021.1938525","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45742397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-21DOI: 10.1080/0145935X.2021.1926227
Helen Saarnik
Abstract Foster care is a sensitive topic that requires representation of the best interests of children and families. The perspectives of foster children and foster families are under-researched and there is need for more knowledge in this area. Following a PRISMA guidelines, 24 articles were analyzed. The systematic review explores foster children’s and foster parents’ perceptions of factors related to a successful placement. Both children and foster parents emphasized the importance of inclusion in the decision-making process and a need for additional help from specialists. Findings identify a number of factors that could be helpful for child welfare authorities.
{"title":"A Systematic Review of Factors Needed for Successful Foster Placements: Perspectives from Children and Foster Parents","authors":"Helen Saarnik","doi":"10.1080/0145935X.2021.1926227","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0145935X.2021.1926227","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Foster care is a sensitive topic that requires representation of the best interests of children and families. The perspectives of foster children and foster families are under-researched and there is need for more knowledge in this area. Following a PRISMA guidelines, 24 articles were analyzed. The systematic review explores foster children’s and foster parents’ perceptions of factors related to a successful placement. Both children and foster parents emphasized the importance of inclusion in the decision-making process and a need for additional help from specialists. Findings identify a number of factors that could be helpful for child welfare authorities.","PeriodicalId":45151,"journal":{"name":"Child & Youth Services","volume":"42 1","pages":"374 - 392"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/0145935X.2021.1926227","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43816355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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