Transport Problems最新文献

英文中文

MODAL SPLIT ANALYSIS BY BEST-WORST METHOD AND MULTINOMINAL LOGIT MODEL 用最佳-最差法和多项logit模型进行模态拆分分析

IF 0.7 Q4 TRANSPORTATION SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Transport Problems

Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.20858/tp.2023.18.1.05

M. Cingel, M. Drličiak, J. Čelko, Katarína Zábovská

The behavioral features of the population are addressed in transport models by different levels of territorial disaggregation and the creation of demand strata in a territory. The need for input data grows exponentially with the demand for a detailed zonal system of the territory. The basic source is the mobility survey. This article deals with the comparison of the calculation of the probability of choosing a transport mode for trips using the classic multinominal logit model and the best-worst method. We used data from a mobility survey in the Žilina region as a basic sample. The analysis covered 11 districts and their gravity areas. The individual transport relations are evaluated in detail in the analysis. The results confirm the high degree of accuracy of the best-worst method in the calculation of mode choice on a regional scale. Despite the promising results of the agreement in the confrontation with the mobility survey, it is necessary to verify the modeled data with a more detailed area with disaggregation on-demand strata.

人口的行为特征在运输模型中通过不同程度的领土分解和在领土上创建需求阶层来解决。对输入数据的需求随着对领土的详细分区系统的需求呈指数级增长。基本来源是流动性调查。本文比较了经典多项式logit模型和最佳-最差法计算出行方式选择概率的问题。我们使用Žilina地区流动性调查的数据作为基本样本。分析涵盖了11个地区及其重力区。在分析中详细地评价了各个运输关系。结果表明，最佳-最差方法在区域尺度上的模式选择计算具有较高的准确性。尽管在与流动性调查的对抗中取得了令人满意的结果，但仍有必要用更详细的按需分层区域验证模型数据。

引用次数: 1

SOCIAL MEDIA ANALYSIS OF THE PUBLIC PERCEPTION OF URBAN VEHICLE ACCESS REGULATIONS 公众对城市车辆通行规定认知的社交媒体分析

IF 0.7 Q4 TRANSPORTATION SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Transport Problems

Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.20858/tp.2023.18.1.13

G. Ogunkunbi, F. Mészáros

Heavy motorisation in the wake of increasing urbanisation is one of the significant transport problems cities face today. There are practical measures under the panoply of urban vehicle access regulations (UVARs) used to stimulate sustainable mobility behaviour changes in the urban population and reduce reliance on passenger car travel. However, the adoption and implementation of such measures are often riddled with challenges, particularly building public acceptability and preserving social justice. Overcoming these challenges will also require cities to understand how the mobility needs of residents change over time. Considering the limitations of conventional data-collection and monitoring approaches, this study explored and analysed the public perception of UVARs over 12 years through natural language processing techniques using social media as a data source. The results show that UVARs are a prominent topic in public discussion and that the average sentiment expressed in tweets tended to be more positive than negative, with a gradual increase observed over the 12-year study period. In addition, the patterns observed in the data and the topics modelled were consistent with the events and talking points in society related to UVARs. Hence, this study demonstrates that social media data can help policymakers assess public sentiments during the ideation, design, implementation, and operational phases of UVARs and other transport policy measures.

随着城市化进程的加快，重型机动化成为当今城市面临的重大交通问题之一。在一系列城市车辆通行条例(UVARs)下，有一些切实可行的措施用于刺激城市人口可持续的出行行为改变，减少对乘用车出行的依赖。然而，采取和执行这些措施往往充满挑战，特别是在建立公众接受度和维护社会正义方面。要克服这些挑战，城市还需要了解居民的出行需求是如何随时间变化的。考虑到传统数据收集和监测方法的局限性，本研究通过使用社交媒体作为数据源的自然语言处理技术，探索和分析了12年来公众对uvar的看法。研究结果表明，uvar是公众讨论中的一个突出话题，推文中表达的平均情绪倾向于积极多于消极，在12年的研究期间，这种情绪逐渐增加。此外，在数据中观察到的模式和建模的主题与与uvar相关的社会事件和谈话要点一致。因此，本研究表明，社交媒体数据可以帮助决策者在uvar和其他交通政策措施的构思、设计、实施和运营阶段评估公众情绪。

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引用次数: 0

EFFECTS OF SOCIAL MARKETING ON ATTITUDES AND BEHAVIOR RELATED TO ROAD TRAFFIC IN HANOI CITY 社会营销对河内市道路交通态度和行为的影响

IF 0.7 Q4 TRANSPORTATION SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Transport Problems

Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.20858/tp.2023.18.1.16

Ngo Thi Hong Nhung, Do Huu Hai, Vu Tri Dung, Le Ngoc Thong, P. Q. Trung, Nguyen Hung Cuong

Dangerous and risky actions while traveling on traffic routes that threaten the health, spirit and life of vehicle drivers and others. However, to raise community awareness, make them care about traffic safety behavior takes time and influence attitudes to create behavior change in a sustainable way. Research based on Ajzen’s theory of planned behavior [1, 2] and the theory of social marketing was conducted to identify the factors influencing the road traffic attitudes and behaviors of people in Hanoi and the degrees of their influence. The results show that road traffic attitudes are affected, in descending order, by partnership, resources, distribution, promotion, price, product, and public. The road traffic behavior of people is determined, in descending order, by age, moderator variables (the law and the validity of the law and weather), attitude, and education level. Based on the results, several recommendations to government officials and policymakers have been made.

在交通路线上行驶时的危险和冒险行为，威胁到车辆驾驶员和其他人的健康、精神和生命。然而，要提高社区意识，让他们关心交通安全行为，需要时间和影响态度，以可持续的方式创造行为改变。基于Ajzen的计划行为理论[1,2]和社会营销理论，研究了河内市人群道路交通态度和行为的影响因素及其影响程度。结果表明，道路交通态度受伙伴关系、资源、分销、促销、价格、产品和公众的影响程度由大到小。人们的道路交通行为由年龄、调节变量(法律、法律的有效性和天气)、态度和教育水平由大到小决定。根据研究结果，向政府官员和政策制定者提出了几项建议。

引用次数: 0

FACTORS AFFECTING URBAN PEOPLE’S INTENTION TO USE BUSES IN VIETNAM 影响越南城市居民使用公共汽车意愿的因素

IF 0.7 Q4 TRANSPORTATION SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Transport Problems

Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.20858/tp.2023.18.1.08

Nguyen Hong Thai, Thach Minh Quan

Despite strong development in Vietnam’s major cities, buses only contribute to city traffic. Bus services in Vietnamese towns do not yet meet passengers’ current needs and are not popular with passengers, especially in terms of time and convenience. This article analyzes the factors affecting urban people’s intention to use buses in Vietnam and, on that basis, makes recommendations to the authorities in cities to enhance the attractiveness of bus usage. Twenty-seven factors have been identified as affecting the need to travel by bus. The survey results show that there are still many barriers to attracting passengers using bus services in urban metropolitan areas. Therefore, urban governments in Vietnam need to adjust the current bus route network to suit the needs of the people, especially students, to increase its coverage.

尽管越南的主要城市发展强劲，但公共汽车只对城市交通有所贡献。越南城镇的公共汽车服务还不能满足乘客当前的需求，也不受乘客的欢迎，尤其是在时间和便利性方面。本文分析了影响越南城市居民使用公交车意愿的因素，并在此基础上向城市当局提出建议，以提高公交车使用的吸引力。已经确定有27个因素影响乘公共汽车出行的需要。调查结果显示，在城市大都市地区，吸引乘客使用公交服务仍然存在许多障碍。因此，越南的城市政府需要调整现有的公交线路网络，以适应人们特别是学生的需求，增加其覆盖范围。

引用次数: 0

Indirect Associations between Impulsivity and Alcohol Outcomes through Motives for Drinking Responsibly among U.S. College Students: An Integration of Self-Determination Theory and the Acquired Preparedness Model. 美国大学生负责任地饮酒动机对冲动和酒精后果的间接影响:自我决定理论和获得性准备模型的整合

IF 2.9 Q4 TRANSPORTATION SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Transport Problems

Pub Date : 2023-01-01 Epub Date: 2023-01-10 DOI: 10.1080/16066359.2022.2161529

Dylan K Richards, Jack T Waddell

The aim of the present study was to conduct a preliminary investigation of the associations between facets of impulsivity and alcohol outcomes through motives for drinking responsibly described by self-determination theory among college students. Participants (N=2,808) were part of a multisite investigation of college student drinking across 10 universities in 8 states in the U.S. who reported past-month drinking. Results of a structural equation model testing all possible indirect associations simultaneously indicated that one-third (20 out of 60) of the indirect associations were statistically significant (p<.01). Facets with higher scores representing higher impulsivity (negative/positive urgency) were negatively associated with more internalized motives (autonomous motivation and introjected regulation) and positively associated with less internalized motives (external regulation and amotivation) for drinking responsibly. Facets with higher scores representing lower impulsivity (perseverance and premeditation) demonstrated opposite patterns of associations with motives for drinking responsibly. In turn, more internalized motives were related to higher frequency of protective behavioral strategies use, lower alcohol use severity, and fewer negative alcohol-related consequences; less internalized motives demonstrated an opposite pattern of associations with these alcohol outcomes. The present findings should be replicated using experimental and longitudinal studies for appropriately testing mediation but offer support for a novel hypothesis for motivational pathways from impulsivity to alcohol outcomes that may provide insight into intervention targets.

摘要本研究的目的是通过自我决定理论(SDT)描述的负责任饮酒动机，对大学生冲动各方面与酒精后果之间的关系进行初步调查。参与者(N = 2808)是美国8个州10所大学大学生饮酒多地点调查的一部分，他们报告了过去一个月的饮酒情况。结构方程模型同时检验所有可能的间接关联的结果表明，三分之一(60个中的20个)的间接关联具有统计学意义(p< 0.01)。得分越高的方面代表着更高的冲动性(消极/积极的紧迫性)与更内化的动机(自主动机和内化调节)负相关，与更内化的动机(外部调节和动机)正相关。得分较高的方面代表较低的冲动性(毅力和预谋)与负责任饮酒的动机表现出相反的关联模式。反过来，更多的内化动机与更高频率的保护性行为策略使用、更低的酒精使用严重程度和更少的负面酒精相关后果有关;内化程度较低的动机与这些酒精结果表现出相反的关联模式。目前的研究结果应该通过实验和纵向研究来复制，以适当地测试中介作用，但为从冲动到酒精结果的动机途径的新假设提供支持，如果得到未来研究的进一步支持，可能会为干预目标提供见解。

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引用次数: 0

STUDY OF RADIAL SLIDE BEARINGS WITH A FLOATING RING CONSIDERING THE PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF OIL 考虑油物理性质的浮环径向滑动轴承研究

IF 0.7 Q4 TRANSPORTATION SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Transport Problems

Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.20858/tp.2022.17.4.03

A. Mazurkow, W. Homik, Ł. Konieczny

Radial slide bearings are typically used in turbochargers (among other applications), owing to their simple design and advantages, such as good heat dissipation from the working zone, high stability of operation and low resistance to motion. The current research is both experimental and theoretical. In a state of static equilibrium, the operation of a bearing can be described using a system of five coupled differential equations. The bearing’s operating parameters are related to the type of oil used. Two types of oil, VG46 and VG68, were used for testing. In accordance with the applicable standard, the tolerance of kinematic viscosity of oils is ±10%. The results imply a significant influence of the oil class and viscosity tolerance on the resistance to motion caused by internal friction forces in the oil. In conclusion, it seems advisable that the calculation procedures currently in use should include the slide bearing design optimisation by taking the resistance to motion in the bearing into account.

径向滑动轴承通常用于涡轮增压器(以及其他应用)，由于其简单的设计和优点，例如从工作区散热良好，运行稳定性高，运动阻力低。目前的研究既有实验研究，也有理论研究。在静力平衡状态下，轴承的运行可以用五个耦合微分方程的系统来描述。轴承的运行参数与所使用的油的类型有关。使用VG46和VG68两种油进行测试。根据适用标准，油的运动粘度公差为±10%。结果表明，油品等级和粘度公差对油品内摩擦引起的运动阻力有显著影响。总之，目前使用的计算程序应包括考虑轴承运动阻力的滑动轴承设计优化，这似乎是可取的。

引用次数: 0

INFLUENCE OF TRACK GEOMETRY CONDITION MONITORING ON RAILWAY INFRASTRUCTURE MAINTENANCE PROCESSING 轨道几何状态监测对铁路基础设施维修处理的影响

IF 0.7 Q4 TRANSPORTATION SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Transport Problems

Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.20858/tp.2022.17.4.18

G. Bureika, G. Vaičiūnas, Dachuan Shi, A. C. Zanuy

This study analyzed the usage of data of track geometry measurement for railway infrastructure maintenance processing support and estimated its influence on railway infrastructure maintenance decision-making. Especially, the approach assessment of the influence of track geometry monitoring on railway infrastructure processing. The well-timed maintenance of the arrangement of railway tracks in allowable conditions is sufficient for the smooth and steady running of rail vehicles. The mechanism of track gauge widening during exploitation is usually gradual and relatively long-lasting. When are not detected in a timely manner, the final track failures often arise under the effect of additional factors, such as surpassed train speed limit, poorly maintained and functioning running gear of a rail vehicle, misalignment of rails, and extreme dynamical effects. A questionnaire considering the influence of the application of track geometry monitoring was formulated. An expert review was completed in order to perform a comparative analysis of the features of track geometry monitoring with the greatest influence on railway infrastructure maintenance processing. The data collected from respondents were processed using a multi-criterion estimation method, especially an interactive fuzzy linear assignment method. Finally, basic conclusions and considerations are given.

本研究分析了轨道几何测量数据在铁路基础设施维护处理支持中的应用，并估计了其对铁路基础设施维修决策的影响。特别是轨道几何监测对铁路基础设施处理影响的方法评估。在允许的条件下适时维护铁路轨道的布置，足以使轨道车辆平稳运行。开采过程中轨距加宽的机制通常是渐进的，并且相对持久。如果没有及时检测到，最终的轨道故障通常是在其他因素的影响下发生的，如超过列车速度限制、轨道车辆的运行装置维护和运行不良、轨道错位和极端动力影响。编制了一份考虑轨道几何监测应用影响的调查问卷。完成了一项专家评审，以对对铁路基础设施维护过程影响最大的轨道几何监测特征进行比较分析。使用多准则估计方法，特别是交互式模糊线性分配方法，对从受访者收集的数据进行处理。最后，给出了基本结论和考虑因素。

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引用次数: 1

DILATATION OF THE METHOD OF THE FIXATION OF MOVEABLE SANDS 可动砂固定方法的扩展

IF 0.7 Q4 TRANSPORTATION SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Transport Problems

Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.20858/tp.2022.17.4.07

Mauzhuda Muzaffarova

A new method of physicochemical blocking deflation of movable sands has been developed that represents their fixation in a wet state with binders. It is proposed to carry out sand-fixing works during rainy periods or after preliminary moistening of the sandy surface in order to intensify and reduce the cost of sand-fixing works. The substantiation is carried out on the example of some of the approved and recommended binders based on the express method of studying the possibility of their application to obtain a polymer sandy protective crust on wet sand. The emerging defensive hull is characterized by resistance to wind-sand stream and evaluated by plastic quality and thickness. The impregnation of damp sand with a smaller sum of cover than dry sand is related to an alteration within the nature of impregnation from gravity to capillary. With a decrease in the specific surface of the bulk material and an increase in the pore space, gravitational forces are predominant. The process of wet sand impregnation is associated with the acceleration of the adsorption of the dispersed phase and a reduction in the hole covered due to the partial occupation of the interpore space with water. As a result, in wet sand, the depth of sand impregnation with the binder increases at a lower consumption per unit volume of sand. The following has been established: the possibility of impregnation of approved and recommended binders into wet sand, the inverse dependence of the binder concentration in emulsion forms on the humidity of the sandy surface, the time of application of various binders after moistening the sand and the possible savings of binders.

开发了一种新的物理化学阻止可移动砂放气的方法，该方法代表了它们在潮湿状态下用粘合剂固定。建议在雨季或沙面初步湿润后进行固沙工程，以加强和降低固沙工程的成本。以一些已批准和推荐的粘合剂为例，根据研究其应用于湿砂上获得聚合物砂保护壳的可能性的明确方法进行了验证。新兴的防御船体的特点是抵抗风沙流，并通过塑料质量和厚度进行评估。与干砂相比，覆盖率较小的湿砂的浸渍与从重力到毛细管的浸渍性质的变化有关。随着大块材料比表面积的减小和孔隙空间的增大，重力占主导地位。湿砂浸渍的过程与分散相的吸附的加速和由于水部分占据中间空间而覆盖的孔的减少有关。结果，在湿砂中，用粘合剂浸渍砂的深度以每单位体积砂的较低消耗量增加。已经确定了以下内容：将批准和推荐的粘合剂浸渍到湿砂中的可能性，乳液形式的粘合剂浓度与砂表面湿度的反比，润湿砂后应用各种粘合剂的时间，以及可能节省的粘合剂。

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引用次数: 0

TRANSPORT FEATURES OF A NEW, SELF-ATTUNED CONVEYOR 一种新型自调谐输送机的输送特性

IF 0.7 Q4 TRANSPORTATION SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Transport Problems

Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.20858/tp.2022.17.4.01

P. Czubak, Witold Surówka

The new vibratory conveyor destined for the accurate dosing of materials was investigated in the present work. The possibilities of the system to transport materials in the circum-resonant zone were tested analytically, as well as by simulations. The optimal work point of the system, which allowed a decrease in the amplitude of eliminator vibrations on its suspension due to operations on the resonance slope, was determined. Transport velocities depending on the excitation frequency and feed mass were determined by simulations. The results were verified on the conveyor of industrial dimensions designed and built in accordance with the patent application.

本文研究了一种用于物料精确计量的新型振动输送机。通过分析和模拟测试了该系统在环谐振区输运材料的可能性。确定了系统的最佳工作点，该工作点允许减少由于谐振斜率操作而导致悬架上消除器振动的振幅。通过仿真确定了随激励频率和进给质量变化的输运速度。在根据专利申请设计和制造的工业尺寸输送机上验证了结果。

引用次数: 0

VEHICLE TRACKING AND SPEED ESTIMATION UNDER MIXED TRAFFIC CONDITIONS USING YOLOV4 AND SORT: A CASE STUDY OF HANOI 基于YOLOV4和SORT的混合交通条件下车辆跟踪与速度估计&以HANOI为例

IF 0.7 Q4 TRANSPORTATION SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Transport Problems

Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.20858/tp.2022.17.4.02

Xuan-Can Vuong, Rui-Fang Mou, Trong-Thuat Vu

This paper presents a method to estimate vehicle speed automatically, including cars and motorcycles under mixed traffic conditions from video sequences acquired with stationary cameras in Hanoi City of Vietnam. The motion of the vehicle is detected and tracked along the frames of the video sequences using YOLOv4 and SORT algorithms with a custom dataset. In the method, the distance traveled by the vehicle is the length of virtual point-detectors, and the travel time of the vehicle is calculated using the movement of the centroid over the entrance and exit of virtual point-detectors (i.e., region of interest), and then the speed is also estimated based on the traveled distance and the travel time. The results of two experimental studies showed that the proposed method had small values of MAPE (within 3%), proving that the proposed method is reliable and accurate for application in real-world mixed traffic environments like Hanoi, Vietnam.

本文提出了一种基于固定式摄像机采集的越南河内市混合交通条件下汽车和摩托车等车辆速度的自动估计方法。使用带有自定义数据集的YOLOv4和SORT算法，沿着视频序列的帧检测和跟踪车辆的运动。在该方法中，车辆行驶的距离为虚拟点探测器的长度，通过质心在虚拟点探测器的入口和出口(即感兴趣区域)上的运动计算车辆的行驶时间，然后根据行驶距离和行驶时间估计速度。两项实验研究结果表明，所提方法的MAPE值较小(在3%以内)，证明了所提方法在越南河内等真实混合交通环境下的可靠性和准确性。

引用次数: 0

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