Pub Date : 2022-04-07DOI: 10.22146/lexicon.v8i1.65904
Margarete Theda Kalyca Krisandini, Adi Sutrisno
Idiom is a fixed group of words which has a particular meaning. Translating idioms to another language can be considered complicated and quite challenging because it cannot be translated word-by-word. This research aims to identify the types of idiom found in the novel Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince and its translation strategies in Harry Potter dan Pangeran Berdarah-Campuran. The data used in the research were idioms found in Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince and idioms translation in Harry Potter dan Pangeran Berdarah-Campuran. The result shows that there are 270 idioms found in the novel. These idioms were classified into three types according to Chitra Fernando (1996). Most of the idioms belong to pure idiom with 137 idioms (50.9%), followed by semi idiom with 72 idioms (26.4%), and literal idiom with 61 idioms (22.7%). Furthermore, the translation strategies of these idioms were analyzed using the theory of idiom translation strategies by Mona Baker (1992) and Peter Newmark (1991). The most frequently applied strategy is translation by paraphrase with 222 idioms (82.2%), followed by literal translation with 28 idioms (10.4%), translation by using an idiom of similar meaning and dissimilar form of 14 idioms (5.2%), and finally translation by omission of 4 idioms (1.5%). Translation by paraphrase is the most frequently applied strategy because of the difficulty in finding equal idioms in target text.
{"title":"The Translation of Idioms from English into Indonesian: The Case of J.K. Rowling’s Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince","authors":"Margarete Theda Kalyca Krisandini, Adi Sutrisno","doi":"10.22146/lexicon.v8i1.65904","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22146/lexicon.v8i1.65904","url":null,"abstract":"Idiom is a fixed group of words which has a particular meaning. Translating idioms to another language can be considered complicated and quite challenging because it cannot be translated word-by-word. This research aims to identify the types of idiom found in the novel Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince and its translation strategies in Harry Potter dan Pangeran Berdarah-Campuran. The data used in the research were idioms found in Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince and idioms translation in Harry Potter dan Pangeran Berdarah-Campuran. The result shows that there are 270 idioms found in the novel. These idioms were classified into three types according to Chitra Fernando (1996). Most of the idioms belong to pure idiom with 137 idioms (50.9%), followed by semi idiom with 72 idioms (26.4%), and literal idiom with 61 idioms (22.7%). Furthermore, the translation strategies of these idioms were analyzed using the theory of idiom translation strategies by Mona Baker (1992) and Peter Newmark (1991). The most frequently applied strategy is translation by paraphrase with 222 idioms (82.2%), followed by literal translation with 28 idioms (10.4%), translation by using an idiom of similar meaning and dissimilar form of 14 idioms (5.2%), and finally translation by omission of 4 idioms (1.5%). Translation by paraphrase is the most frequently applied strategy because of the difficulty in finding equal idioms in target text. ","PeriodicalId":45215,"journal":{"name":"Mental Lexicon","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82004357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-07DOI: 10.22146/lexicon.v8i1.65905
Gledin Maulin, T. J. P. Sembodo
This research investigates the violations of Gricean maxims committed by the main characters in the TV series You Season 1, especially Joe Goldberg and Guinevere Beck. It focuses on how the two characters violate the maxims and the possible purposes behind each violation. Quantitative and qualitative methods were applied to the data analysis. The results show that 100 maxim violations were found in the first season of the series. The most frequently occurring violation is the violation of the quality maxim with 56 occurrences (56%), followed by the relation maxim (28%) and the manner maxim with (10%). The least occurring violation is the violation of the quantity maxim (6%). Joe Goldberg and Guinevere Beck tend to violate the maxims by being dishonest, saying irrelevant things, giving vague or obscure responses, and providing insufficient or unnecessary information. Several purposes of violations can be identified throughout the data, namely to avoid unwanted responses, avoid suspicion, make certain impressions, deceive, divert, persuade others, and relieve worries.
本研究调查了电视剧《You Season 1》中的主要角色，尤其是Joe Goldberg和Guinevere Beck对Gricean格言的违反。它关注的是这两个角色是如何违反格言的，以及每次违反背后可能的目的。采用定量和定性相结合的方法对数据进行分析。结果表明，第一季共发现100条准则违规。违反质量准则的次数最多，为56次(56%)，其次是关系准则(28%)和方式准则(10%)。最少发生的违反是违反数量准则(6%)。乔·戈德堡和吉尼维尔·贝克倾向于违背这一原则，他们不诚实，说不相关的话，给出模糊或模糊的回答，提供不充分或不必要的信息。在整个数据中可以识别出违规行为的几个目的，即避免不必要的反应，避免怀疑，留下某些印象，欺骗，转移，说服他人以及减轻担忧。
{"title":"Violations of Gricean Maxims in the TV Series You","authors":"Gledin Maulin, T. J. P. Sembodo","doi":"10.22146/lexicon.v8i1.65905","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22146/lexicon.v8i1.65905","url":null,"abstract":"This research investigates the violations of Gricean maxims committed by the main characters in the TV series You Season 1, especially Joe Goldberg and Guinevere Beck. It focuses on how the two characters violate the maxims and the possible purposes behind each violation. Quantitative and qualitative methods were applied to the data analysis. The results show that 100 maxim violations were found in the first season of the series. The most frequently occurring violation is the violation of the quality maxim with 56 occurrences (56%), followed by the relation maxim (28%) and the manner maxim with (10%). The least occurring violation is the violation of the quantity maxim (6%). Joe Goldberg and Guinevere Beck tend to violate the maxims by being dishonest, saying irrelevant things, giving vague or obscure responses, and providing insufficient or unnecessary information. Several purposes of violations can be identified throughout the data, namely to avoid unwanted responses, avoid suspicion, make certain impressions, deceive, divert, persuade others, and relieve worries.","PeriodicalId":45215,"journal":{"name":"Mental Lexicon","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80317334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-07DOI: 10.22146/lexicon.v8i1.73917
Aulia Afifah, M. A. Rokhman
This research analyzes how Asian American characters, Mindy Sheridan, Park Sheridan, and Josh Sheridan, in the novel Eleanor & Park view their identities as Asians. This research aims to understand how Asian American characters view their identities as Asians and what factors influence their views. The analysis of this research was conducted using the social psychology approach supported by Tajfel and Turner’s (2004) social identity theory and Atkinson, Morten, and Sue’s (1998) minority identity development model. This research shows that Asian American characters’ views of their identity as Asian are influenced by the values believed by the dominant group in their social environment.
本研究分析了小说《Eleanor & Park》中的亚裔美国人角色明迪·谢里丹、帕克·谢里丹和乔什·谢里丹是如何看待自己作为亚洲人的身份的。本研究旨在了解亚裔美国人如何看待他们作为亚洲人的身份，以及哪些因素影响了他们的观点。本研究采用Tajfel and Turner(2004)的社会认同理论和Atkinson, Morten, and Sue(1998)的少数民族认同发展模型支持的社会心理学方法进行分析。本研究表明，亚裔美国人对其亚洲身份的看法受到其社会环境中主导群体所相信的价值观的影响。
{"title":"Asian Americans’ Views of their Identities as Asians in Eleanor & Park: A Socio-Psychological Approach","authors":"Aulia Afifah, M. A. Rokhman","doi":"10.22146/lexicon.v8i1.73917","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22146/lexicon.v8i1.73917","url":null,"abstract":"This research analyzes how Asian American characters, Mindy Sheridan, Park Sheridan, and Josh Sheridan, in the novel Eleanor & Park view their identities as Asians. This research aims to understand how Asian American characters view their identities as Asians and what factors influence their views. The analysis of this research was conducted using the social psychology approach supported by Tajfel and Turner’s (2004) social identity theory and Atkinson, Morten, and Sue’s (1998) minority identity development model. This research shows that Asian American characters’ views of their identity as Asian are influenced by the values believed by the dominant group in their social environment.","PeriodicalId":45215,"journal":{"name":"Mental Lexicon","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78978513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-07DOI: 10.22146/lexicon.v8i1.65980
Salsabila Rahmania, A. Munandar
The purpose of this research is to describe the types and functions of taboo words uttered by the characters, and describe the social background that affect the main character’s utterances in Deadpool 2. The data are utterances containing taboo words. The analysis focuses on the types and functions of taboo words by applying Azzaro’s (2005) theory. The finding shows, 1) there are five types of taboo words in use. The most frequently used taboo is Sexual term with 70 occurrences (52.2%), followed by physical term with 23 occurrences (17.2%), religious term with 21 occurrences (15.7%), scatological term with 17 occurrences (12.7%), and mental term with 3 occurrences (2.2%). 2) There are two functions of taboo words: swearing with 82 occurrences (64%), and insult with 46 occurrences (36%). 3) There are two social variables that affect the main character’s use of taboo words: occupational hierarchy and social status.
{"title":"A Sociolinguistic Analysis of Taboo Words in Deadpool 2","authors":"Salsabila Rahmania, A. Munandar","doi":"10.22146/lexicon.v8i1.65980","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22146/lexicon.v8i1.65980","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this research is to describe the types and functions of taboo words uttered by the characters, and describe the social background that affect the main character’s utterances in Deadpool 2. The data are utterances containing taboo words. The analysis focuses on the types and functions of taboo words by applying Azzaro’s (2005) theory. The finding shows, 1) there are five types of taboo words in use. The most frequently used taboo is Sexual term with 70 occurrences (52.2%), followed by physical term with 23 occurrences (17.2%), religious term with 21 occurrences (15.7%), scatological term with 17 occurrences (12.7%), and mental term with 3 occurrences (2.2%). 2) There are two functions of taboo words: swearing with 82 occurrences (64%), and insult with 46 occurrences (36%). 3) There are two social variables that affect the main character’s use of taboo words: occupational hierarchy and social status.","PeriodicalId":45215,"journal":{"name":"Mental Lexicon","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77137845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-07DOI: 10.22146/lexicon.v8i1.73421
Alya Khoirunnisa Fadhila, I. Adi
This paper studies the formulation of two women detectives in Tana French’s work, Cassie Maddox and Antoinette Conway, in the Dublin Murder Squad Series by exploring the hard-boiled fiction conventions which underlie the formulation of Tana French’s two female detectives. The objective of this study is to determine how French innovates the hard-boiled fiction conventions in the formation of her women detective characters, Cassie Maddox and Antoinette Conway. By employing formula analysis as theorized by John G. Cawelti (1976), the results of this study show that French innovates the hard-boiled formula in four aspects. First, French innovates the hard-boiled formula by expanding the concept of marginality from economic class to gender and race. The second innovation is the substitution of the hard-boiled convention which emphasizes on masculine toughness with resistance to patriarchal control. Third, French re-established the relationship between the detective and the character femme fatale. Their similarity of female experiences and perspective with the femme fatale makes these women detectives not only reveal the femme fatale as a murderer, but also the motives and scenarios behind their acts. Finally, French also innovates the antithetical nature of the hard-boiled detective’s presentation by offering a ‘feminine’ path to justice. These observations show that French’s innovations on hard-boiled conventions on her women detectives are the extensions of the women investigators in the antecedent feminist revisions of the hard-boiled stories which are heavily influenced by the second-wave feminist values. However, Tana French also inserts her own commentary on the new variants of female character shaped by the new post-feminist discourse which separates her women detectives from those in the antecedent feminist hard-boiled revision series.
本文通过探索构成塔娜·弗兰奇笔下的两位女侦探形象的冷酷小说惯例，研究了塔娜·弗兰奇笔下的《都柏林谋杀小组》系列中卡西·马多克斯和安托瓦内特·康威两位女侦探的形象塑造。本研究的目的是确定法伦如何在她的女性侦探角色卡西·马多克斯和安托瓦内特·康威的形成中创新了冷酷的小说惯例。本研究采用John G. Cawelti(1976)的公式分析理论，结果表明French在四个方面创新了硬煮公式。首先，弗朗奇将“边缘”的概念从经济阶层扩展到性别和种族，革新了“硬派”公式。第二个创新是用反抗父权控制来取代强调男性刚强的顽固传统。第三，弗伦奇重新确立了侦探与蛇蝎美人的关系。她们的女性经历和视角与蛇蝎美人的相似，使得这些女侦探不仅揭示了蛇蝎美人作为凶手的身份，还揭示了其行为背后的动机和场景。最后，弗伦奇还通过提供一条“女性化”的正义之路，创新了冷酷侦探形象的对立本质。这些观察结果表明，弗兰奇对女侦探的硬派传统的创新，是受第二波女权主义价值观影响的早期女性主义对硬派小说的修正中女侦探的延伸。然而，塔娜·弗兰奇也插入了她自己对女性角色的新变体的评论，这些女性角色是由新的后女权主义话语塑造的，这将她的女侦探与之前的女权主义冷酷修正系列中的女侦探区分开来。
{"title":"Women Detectives in Detective Fiction: A Formula Analysis on Dublin Murder Squad Series","authors":"Alya Khoirunnisa Fadhila, I. Adi","doi":"10.22146/lexicon.v8i1.73421","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22146/lexicon.v8i1.73421","url":null,"abstract":"This paper studies the formulation of two women detectives in Tana French’s work, Cassie Maddox and Antoinette Conway, in the Dublin Murder Squad Series by exploring the hard-boiled fiction conventions which underlie the formulation of Tana French’s two female detectives. The objective of this study is to determine how French innovates the hard-boiled fiction conventions in the formation of her women detective characters, Cassie Maddox and Antoinette Conway. By employing formula analysis as theorized by John G. Cawelti (1976), the results of this study show that French innovates the hard-boiled formula in four aspects. First, French innovates the hard-boiled formula by expanding the concept of marginality from economic class to gender and race. The second innovation is the substitution of the hard-boiled convention which emphasizes on masculine toughness with resistance to patriarchal control. Third, French re-established the relationship between the detective and the character femme fatale. Their similarity of female experiences and perspective with the femme fatale makes these women detectives not only reveal the femme fatale as a murderer, but also the motives and scenarios behind their acts. Finally, French also innovates the antithetical nature of the hard-boiled detective’s presentation by offering a ‘feminine’ path to justice. These observations show that French’s innovations on hard-boiled conventions on her women detectives are the extensions of the women investigators in the antecedent feminist revisions of the hard-boiled stories which are heavily influenced by the second-wave feminist values. However, Tana French also inserts her own commentary on the new variants of female character shaped by the new post-feminist discourse which separates her women detectives from those in the antecedent feminist hard-boiled revision series.","PeriodicalId":45215,"journal":{"name":"Mental Lexicon","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77217730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-01DOI: 10.22146/lexicon.v9i1.72802
Rimadhani Sudjito, Rio Rini Diah Moehkardi
This research aimed to analyze and classify the function of the six main characters’ phatic expressions related to Jason Blossom’s death in the Riverdale TV Series Season 1 using Jumanto's theory (2017), namely breaking the silence, starting a conversation, making small talk, gossiping, keeping the talk, expressing solidarity, creating harmony, offering comfort, expressing empathy, expressing friendship, expressing respect, and expressing politeness. The result shows that 195 data of phatic function are found in all types. Keeping the talk is the most used by the six main characters with 61 data because the characters want to maintain the conversation to get information about Jason Blossom's death. This research also classified the response type and analyzed whether their responses to those phatic expressions can make the conversations stop or continue. When the conversations can be continued and maintained, the characters could get more information about Jason Blossom’s death and even murderer.
{"title":"Phatic Expressions in the Riverdale TV Series Season 1","authors":"Rimadhani Sudjito, Rio Rini Diah Moehkardi","doi":"10.22146/lexicon.v9i1.72802","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22146/lexicon.v9i1.72802","url":null,"abstract":"This research aimed to analyze and classify the function of the six main characters’ phatic expressions related to Jason Blossom’s death in the Riverdale TV Series Season 1 using Jumanto's theory (2017), namely breaking the silence, starting a conversation, making small talk, gossiping, keeping the talk, expressing solidarity, creating harmony, offering comfort, expressing empathy, expressing friendship, expressing respect, and expressing politeness. The result shows that 195 data of phatic function are found in all types. Keeping the talk is the most used by the six main characters with 61 data because the characters want to maintain the conversation to get information about Jason Blossom's death. This research also classified the response type and analyzed whether their responses to those phatic expressions can make the conversations stop or continue. When the conversations can be continued and maintained, the characters could get more information about Jason Blossom’s death and even murderer.","PeriodicalId":45215,"journal":{"name":"Mental Lexicon","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81017084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-01DOI: 10.22146/lexicon.v9i1.72804
Nadia Athali, A. Munandar
In the United States of America, the stand-up comedy community consists of comics from a diverse range of ethnicities/races, one of them being African American (black people). Among this particular group, the use of the N-word has been prominent throughout the years. Although commonly used as a slur, the N-word becomes an interesting discussion, as its function within stand-up comedy is not solely derogatory when uttered by black comics. In this research, the functions of the N-word used by black comics in stand-up comedy are investigated. Moreover, its relation to linguistic reclamation is also examined. The data were obtained from a YouTube channel named Laugh Factory in the form of videos by black comics aired in 2020. The analysis of the functions was conducted by categorizing the functions of the N-word. In order to relate the functions of the N-word with linguistic reclamation, a qualitative analysis was conducted by using Illocutionary Force Indicator Account to see whether the N-word succeeds or fails to function as a slur. Despite some of the occurrences of the N-word having derogatory functions, the ends of uttering them are not actually regarded as a slur. Moreover, it is discovered that the N-word used by black comics in stand-up comedy fails to function as a slur, proving that there is a process of linguistic reclamation with the N-word being non-derogatory.
{"title":"N-words in Black Stand-Up Comedy: A Linguistic Reclamation","authors":"Nadia Athali, A. Munandar","doi":"10.22146/lexicon.v9i1.72804","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22146/lexicon.v9i1.72804","url":null,"abstract":"In the United States of America, the stand-up comedy community consists of comics from a diverse range of ethnicities/races, one of them being African American (black people). Among this particular group, the use of the N-word has been prominent throughout the years. Although commonly used as a slur, the N-word becomes an interesting discussion, as its function within stand-up comedy is not solely derogatory when uttered by black comics. In this research, the functions of the N-word used by black comics in stand-up comedy are investigated. Moreover, its relation to linguistic reclamation is also examined. The data were obtained from a YouTube channel named Laugh Factory in the form of videos by black comics aired in 2020. The analysis of the functions was conducted by categorizing the functions of the N-word. In order to relate the functions of the N-word with linguistic reclamation, a qualitative analysis was conducted by using Illocutionary Force Indicator Account to see whether the N-word succeeds or fails to function as a slur. Despite some of the occurrences of the N-word having derogatory functions, the ends of uttering them are not actually regarded as a slur. Moreover, it is discovered that the N-word used by black comics in stand-up comedy fails to function as a slur, proving that there is a process of linguistic reclamation with the N-word being non-derogatory.","PeriodicalId":45215,"journal":{"name":"Mental Lexicon","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89018827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-01DOI: 10.22146/lexicon.v9i1.66685
Fithrotul Izzah, T. J. P. Sembodo
This study aims at investigating impoliteness strategies in 351 tweets taken from Donald Trump’s personal Twitter account (@realDonaldTrump) from the first presidential debate to the Election Day of the 2020 United States presidential election. The current study employed Bousfield’s (2008) taxonomy of impoliteness strategies to analyze the data. There are 368 occurrences of eleven impoliteness strategies across 351 tweets. The most common impoliteness strategy is use inappropriate identity markers (23.59%), followed by threaten/frighten (21.13%) and condescend, scorn, and ridicule (20.59%). These strategies were employed to attack and discredit Trump’s political opponents as well as attracting prospective voters. On the other hand, two impoliteness strategies, namely hinder/block and enforce role shift, were not identified in the tweets. The results indicate that Donald Trump’s tweets exhibited impoliteness and that it played quite a significant role as a means of political campaign during the 2020 United States Presidential Election.
{"title":"\"Joe Biden is a corrupt politician!\": Impoliteness in Donald Trump’s Tweets","authors":"Fithrotul Izzah, T. J. P. Sembodo","doi":"10.22146/lexicon.v9i1.66685","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22146/lexicon.v9i1.66685","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims at investigating impoliteness strategies in 351 tweets taken from Donald Trump’s personal Twitter account (@realDonaldTrump) from the first presidential debate to the Election Day of the 2020 United States presidential election. The current study employed Bousfield’s (2008) taxonomy of impoliteness strategies to analyze the data. There are 368 occurrences of eleven impoliteness strategies across 351 tweets. The most common impoliteness strategy is use inappropriate identity markers (23.59%), followed by threaten/frighten (21.13%) and condescend, scorn, and ridicule (20.59%). These strategies were employed to attack and discredit Trump’s political opponents as well as attracting prospective voters. On the other hand, two impoliteness strategies, namely hinder/block and enforce role shift, were not identified in the tweets. The results indicate that Donald Trump’s tweets exhibited impoliteness and that it played quite a significant role as a means of political campaign during the 2020 United States Presidential Election.","PeriodicalId":45215,"journal":{"name":"Mental Lexicon","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75844936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-01DOI: 10.22146/lexicon.v9i1.66192
Qonita Nabila Balqis, Amin Basuki
This research examines code-switching by a multilingual Australian YouTuber, Dave Jephcott, on his Londokampung Youtube channel. The data were obtained from five videos uploaded in July-August 2019 on this YouTube channel. The theory proposed by Blom & Gumperz (1972) was adopted for classifying code-switching and that by Malik (1994) for analyzing the reasons for code-switching. The results show that out of 35 utterances containing code-switching, 20 (57.14%) utterances belong to metaphorical code-switching and 15 (42.86%) utterances to situational code-switching. As for the reasons, 25.7% of code-switching instances serve to emphasize a point, 17.1% to show a lack of register, and another 17.1% to address a different audience. The other reasons include habitual expression (11.4%), the mood of the speaker (8.6%), semantic significance (5.7%), to show identification with a group (5.7%), lack of facility (2.9%), pragmatic reasons (2.9%), and to attract attention (2.9%).
{"title":"Code-Switching in Londokampung Youtube Videos","authors":"Qonita Nabila Balqis, Amin Basuki","doi":"10.22146/lexicon.v9i1.66192","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22146/lexicon.v9i1.66192","url":null,"abstract":"This research examines code-switching by a multilingual Australian YouTuber, Dave Jephcott, on his Londokampung Youtube channel. The data were obtained from five videos uploaded in July-August 2019 on this YouTube channel. The theory proposed by Blom & Gumperz (1972) was adopted for classifying code-switching and that by Malik (1994) for analyzing the reasons for code-switching. The results show that out of 35 utterances containing code-switching, 20 (57.14%) utterances belong to metaphorical code-switching and 15 (42.86%) utterances to situational code-switching. As for the reasons, 25.7% of code-switching instances serve to emphasize a point, 17.1% to show a lack of register, and another 17.1% to address a different audience. The other reasons include habitual expression (11.4%), the mood of the speaker (8.6%), semantic significance (5.7%), to show identification with a group (5.7%), lack of facility (2.9%), pragmatic reasons (2.9%), and to attract attention (2.9%).","PeriodicalId":45215,"journal":{"name":"Mental Lexicon","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73777459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. Azevedo, Arielle Crestol, Kathleen Berkun, Alexandra Papathanasopoulos, Leen Yamani, Alexander Rokos, E. Kehayia, S. Blain-Moraes
The N400 event-related brain potential (ERP) can be used to evaluate language comprehension, and may be a particularly powerful tool for the assessment of individuals who are behaviourally unresponsive. This study presents a set of semantic violation sentences developed in Canadian French and characterizes their ability to elicit an N400 effect in healthy adults. A novel set of 100 French sentences were created and normed through two surveys that assessed sentence cloze probability (n = 98) and semantic plausibility (n = 99). The best 80 sentences (40 congruent; 40 incongruent) were selected for the final stimulus set and tested for their ability to elicit N400 effects in 33 French-speaking individuals. The final stimulus set successfully generated an N400 effect in the grand-average across all individuals, and in the grand-average within age groups (young, middle-age, and older adults). On a single-subject level, the final stimulus set elicited N400 effects in 76% of the participants. The feasibility of using this stimulus set to assess semantic processing in behaviourally unresponsive individuals was demonstrated in a case example of a French individual in a disorder of consciousness. These sentences enable the inclusion of Canadian French speakers in this simple assessment of language comprehension abilities.
{"title":"A N400 event-related potential elicitation paradigm for Canadian French speakers*","authors":"N. Azevedo, Arielle Crestol, Kathleen Berkun, Alexandra Papathanasopoulos, Leen Yamani, Alexander Rokos, E. Kehayia, S. Blain-Moraes","doi":"10.1075/ml.20032.aze","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/ml.20032.aze","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The N400 event-related brain potential (ERP) can be used to evaluate language comprehension, and may be a\u0000 particularly powerful tool for the assessment of individuals who are behaviourally unresponsive. This study presents a set of\u0000 semantic violation sentences developed in Canadian French and characterizes their ability to elicit an N400 effect in healthy\u0000 adults. A novel set of 100 French sentences were created and normed through two surveys that assessed sentence cloze probability\u0000 (n = 98) and semantic plausibility (n = 99). The best 80 sentences (40 congruent; 40\u0000 incongruent) were selected for the final stimulus set and tested for their ability to elicit N400 effects in 33 French-speaking\u0000 individuals. The final stimulus set successfully generated an N400 effect in the grand-average across all individuals, and in the\u0000 grand-average within age groups (young, middle-age, and older adults). On a single-subject level, the final stimulus set elicited\u0000 N400 effects in 76% of the participants. The feasibility of using this stimulus set to assess semantic processing in behaviourally\u0000 unresponsive individuals was demonstrated in a case example of a French individual in a disorder of consciousness. These sentences\u0000 enable the inclusion of Canadian French speakers in this simple assessment of language comprehension abilities.","PeriodicalId":45215,"journal":{"name":"Mental Lexicon","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48390787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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