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Challenges to Achieving a More Inclusive and Sustainable Open Education 实现更具包容性和可持续性的开放教育的挑战
IF 3 Q1 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.5334/jime.679
Francisco Iniesto, Bernardo Tabuenca, C. Rodrigo, E. Tovar
This paper showcases relevant initiatives to address inclusive and sustainable development through the objectives of UNESCO’s Sustainable Development Goal 4 (SDG4) towards ensuring inclusive and equitable quality education and to promote lifelong learning opportunities for all. These research projects have been possible thanks to initiatives such as the global Open Educational Resources (OER) Graduate Network (GO-GN), a research network that facilitates collaborative research in the area of open education. These types of initiatives empower collaborative research proposals thanks to joint participation in working groups and seminars, which facilitate research collaborations with a clear focus, in this case, on inclusive and sustainable development. In this paper, several challenges on achieving a more inclusive and sustainable Open Education are discussed, such as the need to use accessibility metadata standards to improve the search and sharing of OERs in open repositories, the recommendation to use frameworks like Universal Design for Learning (UDL) to provide inclusive design feedback, and the benefits of action-oriented Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) to promote sustainability. FRANCISCO INIESTO BERNARDO TABUENCA COVADONGA RODRIGO EDMUNDO TOVAR
本文展示了通过教科文组织可持续发展目标4 (SDG4)实现包容和可持续发展的相关举措,以确保包容和公平的优质教育,并为所有人提供终身学习机会。这些研究项目之所以成为可能,要归功于全球开放教育资源(OER)研究生网络(GO-GN)等倡议,这是一个促进开放教育领域合作研究的研究网络。由于共同参与工作组和研讨会,这些类型的倡议使合作研究提案成为可能,从而促进了研究合作,在这种情况下,研究合作的明确重点是包容性和可持续发展。本文讨论了实现更具包容性和可持续性的开放教育的几个挑战,例如需要使用可访问性元数据标准来改善开放存储库中OERs的搜索和共享,建议使用通用学习设计(UDL)等框架来提供包容性设计反馈,以及以行动为导向的大规模开放在线课程(MOOCs)的好处,以促进可持续性。弗朗西斯科·伊涅斯托·贝尔纳多·塔布恩卡·科瓦东加·罗德里戈·埃德蒙多·托瓦尔
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引用次数: 5
A Latin American Critical Conceptual Model on the Adoption of Open Educational Resources 拉丁美洲开放教育资源采用的批判性概念模型
IF 3 Q1 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.5334/jime.680
Virgínia Rodés, A. Gewerc
A conceptual model on OER adoption is presented, as the substantive theoretical synthesis of a Grounded Theory study, whose purpose was to identify which factors influence the adoption of OER among teachers in Latin American universities. Main theoretical-methodological bases are rooted and analised, in comparison with the traditional approach identified in the most recent literature. From a double “emic” perspective on agency and structure, the faculty and the university institution, the resultant conceptual model includes four categories influencing the adoption of OER among professors in Latin American universities: 1) Construction of Teacher Professional Identity; 2) Practices and Transformations in the Curriculum; 3) Creation, Use and Opening of Digital Educational Resources; and 4) Social Representations about Repositories of OER. Properties and dimensions of each category are presented and described. The critical conceptual model may be adopted by researchers from all regions who seek to unveil and decolonise the hidden curriculum of OER. VIRGINIA RODÉS ADRIANA GEWERC
作为扎根理论研究的实质性理论综合,提出了一个关于开放式教育资源采用的概念模型,其目的是确定哪些因素影响拉丁美洲大学教师采用开放式教育资源。与最近文献中确定的传统方法相比,主要的理论方法基础被扎根和分析。从代理和结构、教师和大学机构的双重“主位”视角出发,所得到的概念模型包括四个影响拉美大学教授采用开放式教育资源的类别:1)教师职业认同的建构;2)课程的实践与变革;3)数字教育资源的创建、利用和开放;OER知识库的社会表征。给出并描述了每个类别的属性和维度。所有地区的研究人员都可以采用批判性概念模型,以揭示OER的隐藏课程并使其非殖民化。弗吉尼亚rodÉs adriana gewerc
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引用次数: 3
Pivoting Open? Pandemic Pedagogy and the Search for Openness in the Viral Learning Environment 旋转打开吗?流行病教学法和在病毒学习环境中寻求开放性
IF 3 Q1 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.5334/jime.676
Leo Havemann, Verena Roberts
This paper is based on the authors' experiences and reflections working in educational technology and design support roles in higher education during the COVID-19 pandemic. We retrace our lived experience from the beginning of the pandemic in the spring (from our vantage points in the UK and Canada) and the associated 'pivot online' enacted in education around the world, through to the autumn of 2020, when we appeared to be transitioning into a so-called 'new normal' of the mid-pandemic. As digital education practitioners, who are also educators. researchers, and also simply as humans and friends living through a global pandemic, we had turned to each other initially for support in terms of work, wellness, and sharing news, information and sense-making, during which we began to consider researching under-examined dimensions of the evolving situation. The experiences and issues we reference are drawn from our own work, as well as from our responses to popular narratives advanced by key voices who have encouraged certain interpretations of the pandemic and its educational effects. Using Schon's (1983) reflection-in-action lens, we examine these experiences and narratives of pandemic pedagogy through the frame of our multiple identities. In particular, from our perspective as researchers and advocates of open education, we noted calls for openness (such as the use of open educational resources) in response to the online pivot, which did not appear to be cutting through the noise of the sudden deluge of information, advice and broadly negative coverage of online teaching. However, through our reflective narrative and synthesis, we offer an alternative interpretation, which is that openness was nonetheless flourishing, but that the 'pivot open' was to practices rather than resources. Open exchange, community building and support amongst educators were apparent in multiple contexts. While pandemic profiteering has highlighted the need for open resources and infrastructures, and we anticipate this case continuing to be made more strongly as we emerge from the emergency, it is the turn to open practices which has met the immediate needs of educators and learners through community, interactions. sharing and care.
本文基于作者在新冠肺炎大流行期间从事教育技术和设计高等教育支持角色工作的经验和思考。我们回顾了从春季大流行开始(从我们在英国和加拿大的有利位置)以及世界各地教育中实施的相关“在线枢纽”到2020年秋季的生活经历,当时我们似乎正在过渡到大流行中期的所谓“新常态”。作为数字教育的实践者,他们也是教育者。研究人员,也只是作为人类和朋友生活在全球大流行中,我们最初在工作、健康、分享新闻、信息和理解方面相互寻求支持,在此期间,我们开始考虑研究不断变化的形势中尚未得到充分研究的方面。我们所引用的经验和问题来自我们自己的工作,以及我们对鼓励对这一流行病及其教育影响作出某些解释的主要声音提出的流行叙述的回应。利用Schon(1983)的“行动中的反思”(reflection-in-action)视角,我们通过多重身份的框架来审视这些流行病教学法的经验和叙述。特别是,从我们作为开放教育的研究者和倡导者的角度来看,我们注意到对开放的呼吁(例如使用开放教育资源)是对在线支点的回应,在线支点似乎并没有消除突然泛滥的信息、建议和广泛的负面报道所带来的噪音。然而,通过我们的反思性叙述和综合,我们提供了另一种解释,即开放仍然蓬勃发展,但“枢纽开放”是实践而不是资源。教育工作者之间的开放交流、社区建设和支持在多种情况下都很明显。虽然大流行病牟取暴利突出了对开放资源和基础设施的需要,而且我们预计,随着我们摆脱紧急情况,这种情况将继续更加强烈,但正是转向开放做法,通过社区互动满足了教育工作者和学习者的眼前需求。分享和关怀。
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引用次数: 1
Motivating Factors among University Faculty for Adopting Open Educational Resources: Incentives Matter 高校教师采用开放教育资源的激励因素:激励至关重要
IF 3 Q1 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.5334/jime.678
Tomohiro Nagashima, S. Hrach
Despite an increasing need for integrating Open Educational Resources (OER) into teaching at higher education institutions in North America, advocates could better understand how faculty are motivated to adopt OER. In particular, there is a lack of knowledge about how added incentives can help motivate faculty to adopt OER. Given reported barriers affecting OER adoption, evaluating what additional incentives might encourage faculty to try using OER will help higher education institutions understand what strategies would likely be effective in promoting OER use. This paper examines motivating factors regarding OER adoption using a case study in the University System of Georgia; for the study, we conducted an instructor survey with 77 respondents. The results showed that faculty were motivated not only by factors reported in prior literature such as the lowered costs and improved student learning but also by additional incentives provided by the University System of Georgia, including a monetary incentive and recognition for using OER. We also found that faculty experienced a variety of benefits and challenges associated with the adoption of OER. The study contributes to the understanding of what university faculty perceive and experience in adopting OER. In particular, we offer practical knowledge regarding additional incentives that higher education institutions could consider to motivate faculty to adopt OER and help them realize the benefits of using OER in their teaching. TOMOHIRO NAGASHIMA SUSAN HRACH
尽管北美高等教育机构越来越需要将开放教育资源(OER)整合到教学中,但倡导者可以更好地理解教师如何被激励采用OER。特别是,缺乏关于如何增加激励措施来帮助激励教师采用开放式教育资源的知识。考虑到影响OER采用的障碍,评估哪些额外的激励措施可能会鼓励教师尝试使用OER,这将有助于高等教育机构了解哪些策略可能有效地促进OER的使用。本文通过对佐治亚大学系统的案例研究,考察了OER采用的激励因素;在这项研究中,我们对77名受访者进行了教师调查。结果表明,教师不仅受到先前文献中报道的因素的激励,如降低成本和提高学生的学习水平,而且还受到佐治亚大学系统提供的额外激励,包括金钱激励和对使用OER的认可。我们还发现,教师们经历了与采用OER相关的各种好处和挑战。本研究有助于了解大学教师在采用OER时的感受和经验。特别是,我们提供了关于高等教育机构可以考虑的额外激励措施的实用知识,以激励教师采用开放式教育资源,并帮助他们认识到在教学中使用开放式教育资源的好处。长岛智宏
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引用次数: 6
Cultural Levels and Pre-Service Teachers’ Behaviour Towards the Use of Open Educational Resources 文化水平与职前教师对开放教育资源使用的行为
IF 3 Q1 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.5334/jime.674
M. Asghar, Yasemin Kahyaoğlu Erdoğmuş, P. Seitamaa-Hakkarainen
The behaviour to use innovation and technology for teaching, learning, and research is influenced by different levels of culture, ranging from the supranational, professional, and organizational to the individual level. The current study focused on the organizational, professional, and individual levels of cultural influence on preservice teachers’ intentions towards the use of open educational resources (OERs). This study is based on the theory of planned behaviour (TPB) and different levels of culture for innovation and technology usage. A survey was conducted on preservice teachers (n = 376) enrolled in the universities of Punjab (Pakistan). Structural equation modeling (SEM) was applied through smart-PLS. The results revealed that pre-service teachers were aware of the importance of OERs. It was found that preservice teachers’ intentions played an important role towards their actual behaviour to use OERs. Personal level culture and perceived behavioural control influences the pre-service teacher’s intentions to use open educational resources. The study has policy and practice implications for developing a social, cultural, and psychological environment to enhance pre-service teachers’ intentions to use OERs. Future studies may be conducted on the effect of supranational and national culture on institutional policies designed to adopt OERs. MUHAMMAD ZAHEER ASGHAR YASEMIN KAHYAOĞLU ERDOĞMUŞ PIRITA SEITAMAA-HAKKARAINEN
在教学、学习和研究中使用创新和技术的行为受到不同文化水平的影响,从超国家、专业、组织到个人水平。本研究主要从组织、专业和个人三个层面探讨文化对职前教师开放教育资源使用意向的影响。本研究基于计划行为(TPB)理论和不同层次的创新和技术使用文化。对旁遮普省(巴基斯坦)大学在册的职前教师(n = 376)进行了调查。通过smart-PLS应用结构方程建模(SEM)。结果显示,职前教师意识到OERs的重要性。研究发现,职前教师的意向对其实际使用OERs的行为起着重要作用。个人层面文化和感知行为控制影响职前教师使用开放教育资源的意愿。本研究对于建立社会、文化及心理环境,以提升职前教师使用开放式教育教材的意愿,具有政策及实务意义。未来的研究可能会对超国家和民族文化对旨在采用开放式教育资源的制度政策的影响进行研究。Muhammad zaheer asghar yasemin kahyaoĞlu erdoĞmuŞ pirita seitamaa-hakkarainen
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引用次数: 7
Educators as Content Creators in a Diverse Digital Media Landscape 教育工作者是多元化数字媒体环境中的内容创造者
IF 3 Q1 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.5334/jime.675
Michael Paskevicius
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引用次数: 1
“Opening” Art History: Exploring the Motivations and Practices of Faculty using Open Educational Resources in Lower-Level and General Education Art History Courses “开放”的艺术史:探索教师在低水平和通识教育艺术史课程中使用开放教育资源的动机和实践
IF 3 Q1 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.5334/jime.677
Natascha Chtena
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引用次数: 2
Mapping “A Situation of Open Education”: Using Collaborative Relational Mapping to Explore Motivations and Constraint Among Open Educators 映射“开放教育情境”:利用协作关系映射探索开放教育者的动机与约束
IF 3 Q1 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.5334/jime.671
Tanya Elias
This short paper, analyzes “a situation of open education” using a relational map constructed in collaboration with a group of open educators as part of a larger study of the implications of scale within the field of open education. Applying situational analysis research methodology with its feminist and post-structural underpinnings, the purpose of this study is not to seek a “right” or “wrong” approach to scale but instead to invite a small group of open educators to deconstruct the concept of scale. This research approach is qualitative, critical and tentative and is written in the first person in alignment with the belief that research is neither objective nor neutral.
这篇短文分析了“开放教育的情况”,使用了与一组开放教育工作者合作构建的关系图,作为开放教育领域内规模含义的更大研究的一部分。运用情境分析研究方法及其女权主义和后结构基础,本研究的目的不是寻求规模的“正确”或“错误”方法,而是邀请一小群开放教育者解构规模的概念。这种研究方法是定性的,批判性的和试探性的,并且是以第一人称的方式写的,与研究既不客观也不中立的信念保持一致。
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引用次数: 2
A Case Study on the Decentralisation of Lifelong Learning Using Blockchain Technology 基于区块链技术的终身学习分散化案例研究
IF 3 Q1 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2020-12-02 DOI: 10.5334/jime.591
A. Mikroyannidis, Allan Third, John Domingue
Blockchain technology provides a decentralised peer-to-peer infrastructure, supporting openness, transparency, accountability, identity management and trust. As such, the Blockchain has the potential to revolutionise education in a number of ways. Blockchain technology offers opportunities to thoroughly rethink how we find educational content and training services online, how we register and pay for them, as well as how we get accredited for what we have learned and how this accreditation affects our career trajectory. This paper explores a case study on the decentralisation of lifelong learning using Blockchain technology. In particular, we investigate the different scenarios and requirements for making online education and lifelong learning more open and decentralised, while placing lifelong learners in control of their learning process and its associated data. Additionally, we discuss various approaches to the Semantic Blockchain and the applications of these approaches on education.
区块链技术提供了一个去中心化的点对点基础设施,支持开放、透明、问责、身份管理和信任。因此,区块链有可能在许多方面彻底改变教育。区块链技术提供了一个机会,让我们彻底重新思考我们如何在网上找到教育内容和培训服务,我们如何注册和支付这些服务,以及我们如何获得所学知识的认证,以及这种认证如何影响我们的职业轨迹。本文探讨了使用区块链技术进行终身学习分散化的案例研究。特别是,我们研究了不同的场景和要求,使在线教育和终身学习更加开放和分散,同时让终身学习者控制他们的学习过程及其相关数据。此外,我们还讨论了语义bbb的各种方法以及这些方法在教育中的应用。
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引用次数: 13
Analytics for Tracking Student Engagement 跟踪学生参与的分析
IF 3 Q1 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2020-12-02 DOI: 10.5334/JIME.590
Christina M. Gardner, Allan Jones, Helen Jefferis
Although there has been much research in the area of data analytics in recent years (e.g. Shum and Ferguson 2012), there are questions regarding which analytic methodologies can be most effective in informing higher education teaching and learning practices (Gibson and de Freitas, 2016). This project focuses on one module within the School of Computing and Communications in the STEM faculty to gain a clearer understanding on why students might, or might not, engage with computer aided learning and teaching (TELT) resources. We explore the use of specific TELT resources on the module ‘Communications Technology’, a print-based module with a range of online resources designed to supplement the text. The research questions cover two key areas; the effectiveness of the analytics tools and students’ perception of the TELT resources. Via data analytics we can review: • When the students engage with the TELT resources and whether this is at predicted times during the module. • Whether students revisit the TELT resources. Via individual student feedback we can explore: • What motivates students to engage with TELT resources. • Whether students understand topic more deeply as a result of using TELT resources. • If students are deterred if the resources are too complicated/time consuming. The findings should be of interest to module teams across many universities. This project will build on previous work undertaken in this area, e.g. Herodotou et al (2017) and Tempelaar et al (2017), and contribute to the wider body of knowledge in the area of data analytics.
尽管近年来在数据分析领域进行了大量研究(例如Shum和Ferguson,2012年),但在为高等教育教学实践提供信息方面,哪些分析方法最有效,仍存在问题(Gibson和de Freitas,2016)。该项目专注于STEM学院计算与通信学院的一个模块,以更清楚地了解学生为什么可能或不可能参与计算机辅助学习和教学(TELT)资源。我们探索了“通信技术”模块中特定TELT资源的使用,这是一个基于打印的模块,具有一系列旨在补充文本的在线资源。研究问题涉及两个关键领域;分析工具的有效性和学生对TELT资源的感知。通过数据分析,我们可以回顾:•学生何时参与TELT资源,以及这是否在模块期间的预测时间。•学生是否重新访问TELT资源。通过学生个人的反馈,我们可以探索:•是什么激励学生参与TELT资源。•学生是否因使用TELT资源而更深入地理解主题。•如果资源过于复杂/耗时,学生会望而却步。许多大学的模块团队应该对这些发现感兴趣。该项目将以之前在该领域开展的工作为基础,例如Herodotou等人(2017)和Tempelaar等人(2017年),并为数据分析领域更广泛的知识体系做出贡献。
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引用次数: 3
期刊
Journal of Interactive Media in Education
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