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Public AI imaginaries: How the debate on artificial intelligence was covered in Danish newspapers and magazines 1956–2021 公共人工智能想象:1956年至2021年丹麦报纸和杂志如何报道关于人工智能的辩论
IF 1.1 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.2478/nor-2022-0004
Sne Scott Hansen
Abstract This article investigates the media's construction of public perceptions of future human–machine relationships related to artificial intelligence (AI) development and reflects on how such perceptions play a role in shaping strategies for the use of AI in Denmark. Through a critical discourse analysis of 253 newspaper and magazine articles published from 1956 to 2021, it shows how conflicting discursive positions are constructed, representing what I refer to as public AI imaginaries. The analysis shows that newspapers and magazines tend not to distinguish between futuristic descriptions of the human–machine relationship of AI and the human-centred principles of intelligence amplification (IA). Furthermore, it demonstrates how principles of IA are reflected in the Danish strategies for AI in practice. While the discursive ambiguity has fuelled public debate, it leaves the term AI relatively vague, thereby creating uncertainty rather than possibilities for a form of human-centered AI in empirical reality.
本文调查了媒体对与人工智能(AI)发展相关的未来人机关系的公众认知的构建,并反思了这种认知如何在丹麦使用人工智能的策略中发挥作用。通过对1956年至2021年间发表的253篇报纸和杂志文章的批判性话语分析,它展示了如何构建相互冲突的话语立场,代表了我所说的公共人工智能想象。分析表明,报纸和杂志往往不区分未来对人工智能人机关系的描述和以人为中心的智能放大(IA)原则。此外,它还展示了人工智能的原则如何在实践中反映在丹麦的人工智能战略中。虽然话语的模糊性引发了公众的争论,但它使人工智能这个术语相对模糊,从而在经验现实中创造了不确定性,而不是以人为中心的人工智能形式的可能性。
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引用次数: 5
Podcasting about yourself and challenging norms: An investigation of independent women podcasters in Denmark 关于自己和挑战规范的播客:对丹麦独立女性播客的调查
IF 1.1 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.2478/nor-2022-0006
Freja Sørine Adler Berg
Abstract This article investigates why and how women use independent podcasting and social media platforms to challenge norms afflicting their own personal lives. Extending previous studies of independent podcasting as a tool of empowerment, this article analyses semi-structured interviews with the hosts of two podcasts: the mental health and personal journals podcast A Seat at The Table and the parenting podcast Our Different Family [Vores Anderledes Familie]. The podcasts are norm-challenging but, at the same time, illustrative of a gendered podcasting sphere in which women primarily podcast about what has traditionally been considered female domains, such as mental health, personal journals, and parenting. The study finds that podcasting’s lack of visuals and unrestricted, conversational format allow for creating and distributing in-depth realisations about personal norm-challenging issues. Simultaneously, it finds that the participatory affordances of social media platforms are essential for receiving feedback, content ideas, and emotional support from like-minded listeners when the podcasters challenge oppressive norms.
本文探讨了女性为何以及如何使用独立的播客和社交媒体平台来挑战困扰她们个人生活的规范。延伸之前关于独立播客作为赋权工具的研究,本文分析了对两个播客主持人的半结构化采访:心理健康和个人期刊播客a Seat at the Table和育儿播客Our Different Family [eds Anderledes Family]。这些播客是对常规的挑战,但同时也说明了一个性别化的播客领域,在这个领域中,女性主要是在播客中谈论传统上被认为是女性的领域,比如心理健康、个人日记和育儿。研究发现,播客缺乏视觉效果和不受限制的对话形式,可以创造和传播对个人规范挑战问题的深入认识。同时,研究发现,当播客挑战压迫性规范时,社交媒体平台的参与性支持对于从志同道合的听众那里获得反馈、内容创意和情感支持至关重要。
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引用次数: 4
Media narratives, agonistic deliberation, and Skam: An analysis of how young people communicate in digital spaces 媒体叙事,激烈的审议和Skam:年轻人如何在数字空间中交流的分析
IF 1.1 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.2478/nor-2022-0001
Harald Hornmoen, Yngve Benestad Hågvar, N. Hyde-Clarke, Birgitte Kjos Fonn, Dagny Stuedahl
Abstract Increasingly, the means of engaging young people in constructive public debate and democratic society has shifted to online digital media platforms. This assumes that participants have the necessary media literacy skills to engage in a meaningful way. We discuss how and to what extent responses in an online blog elicited by two different scenes from the popular youth television series Skam [Shame] demonstrate agonistic deliberation and media literacy in digital dialogue spaces. Our study includes an analysis of the rhetorical characteristics of the dialogues; the mapping of key themes that characterise reactions of blog commentators in the online discussions; and a discussion of the characteristics of – and degree of deliberation in – online comments. We propose that narratives which employ agonistic deliberation around pertinent social themes are most likely to encourage and elicit public engagement that moves beyond emotional outbursts, reflecting a deeper consideration of the themes and topics.
让年轻人参与建设性的公共辩论和民主社会的手段越来越多地转向在线数字媒体平台。这假设参与者具备必要的媒体素养技能,以有意义的方式参与其中。我们讨论热门青年电视连续剧《羞耻》(Skam [Shame])中的两个不同场景,如何以及在何种程度上引发线上部落格的回应,展现数位对话空间中的对抗思考与媒体素养。我们的研究包括对对话修辞特征的分析;描绘出博客评论者在网上讨论中反应的关键主题;并讨论了网络评论的特点和深思熟虑的程度。我们认为,围绕相关社会主题进行激烈思考的叙事,最有可能鼓励和引发公众参与,超越情绪爆发,反映出对主题和主题的更深层次的考虑。
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引用次数: 0
Migration and community in an age of digital connectivity: A survey of media use and integration amongst migrants in Iceland 数字连接时代的移民和社区:冰岛移民媒体使用和融合的调查
IF 1.1 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.2478/nor-2022-0002
Lara Hoffmann, Þorlákur Axel Jónsson, Markus Meckl
Abstract Information and communication technologies enable migrants to maintain bonds with multiple communities. Little is known about the association between migrants’ connections to their country of origin and different integration practices in online and offline communities in the receiving society. We draw on a survey conducted amongst migrants in Iceland (N = 2,139) and conduct three regression analyses to identify determinants of migrants’ use of media and social media from their country of origin. Contrary to other studies, we do not find evidence of reactive transnationalism (i.e., migrants seeking out connections to their places of origin due to dissatisfaction with life in the receiving society) as a response to negative attitudes towards the receiving society. We identify distinct patterns of online and offline integration: Migrants with frequent contact with their countries of origin are less integrated locally in terms of offline activities. However, they are more integrated in digital communities of the receiving society, and use receiving-country media more frequently, thus following a strategy of digital biculturalism.
摘要信息和通信技术使移民能够与多个社区保持联系。人们对移民与原籍国的联系与接受社会在线和离线社区的不同融合做法之间的联系知之甚少。我们借鉴了在冰岛移民中进行的一项调查(N=2139),并进行了三项回归分析,以确定移民使用原籍国媒体和社交媒体的决定因素。与其他研究相反,我们没有发现反应性跨国主义(即移民由于对接受社会生活的不满而寻求与原籍地的联系)作为对接受社会消极态度的回应的证据。我们确定了线上和线下融合的不同模式:与原籍国经常接触的移民在线下活动方面较少融入当地。然而,他们更多地融入接受社会的数字社区,更频繁地使用接受国媒体,从而遵循数字双文化主义的策略。
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引用次数: 0
Contesting digital leisure time: Parental struggles in relation to young children's play with tablets at home 争夺数字休闲时间:父母与幼儿在家玩平板电脑的斗争
IF 1.1 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-09-01 DOI: 10.2478/nor-2021-0043
T. E. Lundtofte
Abstract Young children's practices with tablet computers has been a topic in parenting discourses for several years, drawing on earlier debates over technologies and media in children's lives. In this article, I analyse data from a video observation–based media ethnography of seven Danish children (aged 4–6) and engage with the research tradition attributed to parental mediation. The analysis suggests two major paths in the struggles that stand out from the discourses and in situ practices of parents and children in the empirical data. These paths encompass struggles in relation to supporting and directing children's play activities and setting boundaries in their use of tablets and content. The nuances and implications of both paths are analysed and discussed in terms of strategies that emerge to support children's agency and rapport with parents, as well as what this means for future research.
摘要多年来,幼儿使用平板电脑的做法一直是育儿话语中的一个话题,借鉴了早期关于儿童生活中技术和媒体的辩论。在这篇文章中,我分析了七名丹麦儿童(4-6岁)的基于视频观察的媒体民族志数据,并参与了归因于父母调解的研究传统。该分析提出了两条主要的斗争道路,这两条道路从经验数据中的父母和孩子的话语和现场实践中脱颖而出。这些路径包括支持和指导儿童游戏活动以及为他们使用平板电脑和内容设定界限方面的斗争。分析和讨论了这两种途径的细微差别和影响,以支持儿童的能动性和与父母的融洽关系,以及这对未来的研究意味着什么。
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引用次数: 0
Hybrid presence: Integrating interprofessional interactions with digital consultations 混合存在:整合跨专业互动与数字咨询
IF 1.1 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-09-01 DOI: 10.2478/nor-2021-0039
L. Simonsen
Abstract Healthcare practitioners struggle to adapt to the changes that new digital media entail for social interactions, but what does the struggle look like, and how is it embedded in these professionals’ everyday experiences? I investigate these questions in this study of how digitalisation conditions social interactions in the context of the Danish medical setting by drawing on ethnographic work. Moreover, via a video-recorded case study, this article shows how two practitioners organise social actions by exploiting features of a digital communication system in a situation where they manage a practical problem. I propose the concept of hybrid presence related to the scientific fields of dialogism and distributed cognition as an explanation of how the participants are capable of immersing themselves with both the digital technology and the social interaction. Hybrid presence thus proves useful in the discussion of how practitioners may struggle with technology.
摘要医疗保健从业者努力适应新的数字媒体对社交互动所带来的变化,但这种斗争是什么样子的,它是如何融入这些专业人士的日常体验的?在这项研究中,我通过借鉴人种学工作,探讨了数字化如何在丹麦医疗环境中影响社会互动的问题。此外,通过视频记录的案例研究,本文展示了两位从业者如何在处理实际问题的情况下,通过利用数字通信系统的功能来组织社会行动。我提出了与对话和分布式认知科学领域相关的混合在场概念,以解释参与者如何能够沉浸在数字技术和社交互动中。因此,在讨论从业者如何与技术作斗争时,混合存在被证明是有用的。
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引用次数: 2
Toddlers’ digital media practices and everyday parental struggles: Interactions and meaning-making as digital media are domesticated 幼儿的数字媒体实践和父母的日常斗争:随着数字媒体的本土化,互动和意义创造
IF 1.1 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-09-01 DOI: 10.2478/nor-2021-0041
H. Sandberg, Ulrika Sjöberg, Ebba Sundin
Abstract In this article, the Swedish findings from a European comparative study on 0–3-year-old children and their digital lives are presented and discussed in relation to domestication theory, including the concept of moral economy. More specifically, attention is paid to toddler's appropriation of digital technology and the parents’ moral struggles: the negotiations between the parents concerning the introduction of digital media practices in early childhood, the selection of content, and the monitoring of children. Parents of very young children have ambivalent feelings towards digital media technologies and struggle to make the right decision for their children. The study demonstrates that the domestication of digital technology in early childhood is far more multifaceted and troublesome for parents to handle than previous research has found.
摘要本文介绍了瑞典对0-3岁儿童及其数字生活的一项欧洲比较研究的结果,并结合驯化理论(包括道德经济的概念)进行了讨论。更具体地说,人们关注幼儿对数字技术的挪用和父母的道德斗争:父母之间关于在幼儿期引入数字媒体实践、内容选择和对儿童的监控的谈判。年幼孩子的父母对数字媒体技术有着矛盾的感情,很难为孩子做出正确的决定。这项研究表明,与之前的研究相比,数字技术在儿童早期的驯化对父母来说要多方面、更麻烦。
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引用次数: 6
Struggling with and mastering e-mail consultations: A study of access, interaction, and participation in a digital health care system 挣扎和掌握电子邮件咨询:对数字医疗保健系统的访问、互动和参与的研究
IF 1.1 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-09-01 DOI: 10.2478/nor-2021-0038
Anette Grønning
Abstract In Denmark, medical consultations and the institutional practice of going to the doctor have been expanded upon over the past decade, with e-mail consultations (e-consultations) now supplementing conventional consultations. As a form of communication with different constraints than face-to-face and telephonic communication, e-consultations are likely to both afford some benefits and present struggles. In this article, I examine the use and perception of primary care e-consultations from the perspective of the patient. The study is based on qualitative interviews with 20 patients and guided by the following research question: How do patients struggle with and master digital participation during e-consultations? The study demonstrates that e-consultations are more than a digital access point to the healthcare system: patients often struggle to maintain contact with their general practitioner, and e-consultations can help them navigate the healthcare system. Indeed, those who master this form of communication are appreciative of it and perceive it as screen care.
在丹麦,医疗咨询和去看医生的机构实践在过去十年中得到了扩展,电子邮件咨询(电子咨询)现在补充了传统的咨询。作为一种与面对面和电话沟通不同的沟通形式,电子咨询可能既带来一些好处,也存在一些困难。在本文中,我从患者的角度研究了初级保健电子咨询的使用和感知。该研究基于对20名患者的定性访谈,并以以下研究问题为指导:患者如何在电子咨询期间挣扎并掌握数字参与?研究表明,电子咨询不仅仅是医疗保健系统的数字访问点:患者经常很难与他们的全科医生保持联系,而电子咨询可以帮助他们了解医疗保健系统。事实上,那些掌握这种沟通形式的人很欣赏它,并将其视为屏幕关怀。
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引用次数: 2
Existential vulnerability and transition: Struggling with involuntary childlessness on Instagram 存在的脆弱性和转变:在Instagram上与非自愿无子女作斗争
IF 1.1 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-09-01 DOI: 10.2478/nor-2021-0048
Kristina Stenström, Teresa C. Pargman
Abstract In their efforts to find others who share their experiential reality and existential struggle, many involuntarily childless women turn to Instagram to engage and participate in the practice of trying-to-conceive (TTC) communication. Through the conceptual lens of digital existence, where the digital and online are regarded as constitutive of existential transition, we draw on ten interviews and an online ethnography to explore some of the struggles that involuntarily childless women experience with and through technology. We find that TTC communication can be constitutive of coming to terms with the status of involuntary childlessness. In particular, this study illustrates that TTC communication, for involuntarily childless women, is both a site of struggle and a safe space as they transition to nonmotherhood in an existential terrain where they share an intimate journey.
为了寻找与她们分享经验现实和生存挣扎的人,许多非自愿无子女的女性转向Instagram,参与尝试怀孕(TTC)交流的实践。通过数字存在的概念镜头,数字和在线被视为存在过渡的组成部分,我们利用十次采访和在线人种志来探索一些非自愿无子女妇女在技术和技术中经历的斗争。我们发现TTC沟通可以构成与非自愿无子女的状态达成协议。特别是,这项研究表明,对于非自愿没有孩子的女性来说,TTC沟通既是一个挣扎的场所,也是一个安全的空间,因为她们在一个存在的地形中过渡到非母性,在那里她们分享了一段亲密的旅程。
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引用次数: 2
An organisational cultivation of digital resignation?: Enterprise social media, privacy, and autonomy 数字化辞职的组织培养?:企业社交媒体、隐私和自主性
IF 1.1 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-09-01 DOI: 10.2478/nor-2021-0049
Christoffer Bagger
Abstract Enterprise social media (ESM) have largely gone ignored in discussions of the datafication practices of social media platforms. This article presents an initial step towards filling this research gap. My research question in this article regards how employees of companies using the ESM Workplace from Facebook feel that the implementation of this particular platform relates to their potential struggles for digital privacy and work–life segmentation. Methodologically, I explore this through a qualitative interview study of 21 Danish knowledge workers in different organisations using the ESM. The central analytical proposal of the article is that the interviewees express a “digital resignation” towards the implementation of the ESM. In contrast to previous discussions, this resignation cannot only be thought of as “corporately cultivated” by third parties, but must also be considered as “organisationally cultivated” by the organisations people work for. The study suggests that datafication-oriented media studies should consider organisational contexts.
摘要在讨论社交媒体平台的数据化实践时,企业社交媒体(ESM)在很大程度上被忽视了。本文提出了填补这一研究空白的初步步骤。我在这篇文章中的研究问题是,使用Facebook ESM Workplace的公司的员工如何认为这个特定平台的实施与他们在数字隐私和工作-生活细分方面的潜在斗争有关。从方法上讲,我通过对不同组织中21名丹麦知识工作者使用ESM的定性访谈研究来探索这一点。文章的核心分析建议是,受访者对ESM的实施表示“数字辞职”。与之前的讨论相反,这次辞职不仅被认为是第三方“集体培养”的,而且还必须被认为是人们工作的组织“组织培养”的。该研究表明,以数据化为导向的媒体研究应考虑组织背景。
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引用次数: 2
期刊
Nordicom Review
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