Clinica Y Salud最新文献

The aim of this paper is to know the real situation in the use of information and communication technologies alongside the attitude of psychologists in Madrid Region. We conducted a quantitative research by means of a questionnaire based on previous literature reviews regarding the same topic in other countries. The sample consisted of all psychologists registered in the Spanish Psychology Association (COP), Madrid branch, with a total 486 responses. Only 26% use teletherapy along with other combined therapy modality involving face to face communication. Drawbacks in the study include primarily limitations of non-verbal communication and the therapeutic alliance, followed by confidentiality of data and technical problems with handling data.

The acceptance and respect of the rules governing society and the family unit are essential pillars for the development of a therapeutic program for people with substance dependence disorders. This study proposes a double objective using the scales of the MMPI-2 detectors of mismatches emphasising: what information can provide and what the diagnostic accuracy of the MMPI-2 is to assess these mismatches. As a reference, psychopathic deviation (Pd), social introversion (Si), antisocial practices (ASP), social responsibility (Re), social unrest (SOD), introversion/low positive emotion (PSY-INTR), family problems (FAM), and conjugal stress (MDS) were taken. Of the 226 participants, 113 are people with substance dependence and 113 have no dependence or any pathology. Their differences and diagnostic accuracy through the ROC curve were analysed. The results showed different contribution and diagnostic accuracy of the scales.

In this paper, we analyze the sociodemographic, clinical, and health care variables included in the interconsultation reports (PIC) that bring adult patients over a period of 15 days, collected consecutively in the months of March through June 2015 from three mental health centers in Madrid (Colmenar Viejo CSM, Villaverde CSM, and Vallecas Villa CSM). The statistical analysis of data, including analysis of descriptive variables and dichotomous variables, shows the following results: two thirds of referrals are transfers to psychiatry and one third are transfers to clinical psychology; mean time in the waiting list is 74 days for clinical psychology consultation and 38 days for psychiatry consultation; preferential referrals are 31%, with 28 days of mean time in waiting list, being mostly intended for psychiatry; main referred pathologies are anxiety and adaptive and depressive disorders; 46.7% of patients transferred to mental health were already taking some psychiatric medication; clinical psychology referrals involve significantly younger and less medicated patients, significantly less preferential, and with fewer diagnostic and pharmacologic specifications in the PIC than psychiatry referrals. These results are consistent with previous studies, although we have not found other studies that include more than one mental health center, or analyze qualitative information contained in the inter-consultation reports.

The present study explores the relationship between the affective personality types constructed from responses to the PANAS scales, (PA) positive affect and (NA) negative affect and the personality dimensions evaluated by the NEO FFI. Self-report assessments of satisfaction with life and subjective wellbeing (happiness) were also obtained. Participants were 378 Spanish students, from 18 to 36 years old (mean = 22.5, SD = 2.96), 54% being women. Participants were classified into four affective personality types. Subsequent ANOVAs showed meaningful differences between them, being self-actualization type (high PA and low NA) the one with the highest level of subjective well-being, while the self-destructive type (low PA and high NA) showed the lower level; the high affective personality type was more adaptive than the low affective type. Personality profiles with the NEO-FFI dimensions provide a deeper understanding of individual differences among university students.

This paper presents two studies that aimed (1) at assessing and comparing the subjective well-being (SWB), and functional capacity and body image of people with morbid obesity, candidate for or undergoing bariatric surgery (BS), and (2) at identifying the relationship among the components of SWB, BMI, functional capacity, and body image. The sample was composed by 48 patients in pre-surgery period, and 29 in post-surgery. Instruments used were the Life Satisfaction Scale, the Positive and Negative Affect Scale, WHODAS 2.0, the Brazilian scale of figures and silhouettes, and the bateria fatorial da personalidade. Statistically significant differences were found between both groups in all the variables, except positive affect, comprehension and communication, and relationships with others. FC was correlated to all the components of SWB and contributed to explaining the variance of life satisfaction and negative affect. Personality traits turned out to be more important than other variables for explaining the variance of positive affect.

Inner speech is a familiar experience for us but, in general, few systematic studies have been done on the subject. Recent studies have included this phenomenon in the development of auditory hallucinations. The purpose of this article is to propose and validate the Spanish version of the Varieties of Inner Speech Questionnaire (VISQ), to which we have added a new factor called Dialogues with Self-Positions in Inner Speech. It is further intended to test the relationship between this scale, dissociation, and proneness to hallucinations. For this purpose, 318 students completed the VISQ, plus a dissociation scale and another one for hallucination proneness. The results show the scale's good psychometric reliability and validity. Dissociation was found to mediate between the VISQ scale and hallucination proneness. The implications for hallucination models and future lines of research are discussed.

This paper analyzes the relationship between the motivational aspects within a complex work context, such as emergency services, and the problems arising that may affect occupational health and safety. The main objective is to determine a professional profile of the motivation which underlies the choice and stay of emergency staff on the basis of social demographic variables, such as gender, age, educational level, professional branch, and tenure. To achieve this goal, we have used a motivational questionnaire that takes into account the most relevant studies and theories about the variables involved in the organizational context, such as teamwork, decision-making, risk, social recognition, and tenure, among others. Results show a profile that provides us with relevant information over the priorities in the choice of these variables. Women and young people (regardless of their gender) stand out in the choice of answers that include the riskiest behaviors and those with more tenure stand out in the choice of answers related to decision making.

We analyzed the effectiveness of two psychological therapies to treat depression in the Culiacan population, Mexico. According to criteria of MINI (international Neuropsychiatric interview), 30 individuals from a total of 300 were selected and diagnosed with some kind of depression. Patients were divided in three groups: 1) treatment with hypnosis therapy, 2) treatment with Gestalt-hypnosis therapy, and 3) control group. Before and after the treatments the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) was applied to know the depression level of the analyzed groups. The results show that the three groups were presenting a moderated level of depression. The groups under hypnosis therapy and Gestalt-hypnosis therapy show statistical differences between pre-test and post-test. The hypnosis therapy shows significant statistic differences to treat depression with respect to the other two groups. In conclusion, the therapeutic hypnosis is an effective treatment and has relevance to treat depression, while other therapeutic treatments tend to be slow and with minor result. This study is the first of this kind carried out in Culiacan in Sinaloa, Mexico.

Idiopathic toe-walkers (ITWs) pedobarographic analysis has not been described yet nor its possible relationship with orthopedical and developmental characteristics. The objective of this research is to develop a dynamic pedobarographic classification of ITWs to propose a specific therapeutical approach. Through an observational study, 56 ITWs aged 3-6 years were classified by their initial foot contact; differences between idiopatic toe-walking (ITW) types and with respect to 40 control children were calculated by means of ANOVA and Student t-tests. The results show that the three ITW types displayed different step models for pressure and impulse distribution and also for temporal development (p < .05). They also showed different orthopedic and developmental characteristics (p < .05). As a whole, they demonstrated different severity levels, which suggest different therapeutical indications. This study confirms the convenience of a specific orthopedic, developmental, and gait assessment in ITW to clarify therapeutical indication.