Agus Riyanto, Ponendi Hidayat, Y. Suprayogi, T. Haryanto
Abstract Length and shape of rice are important physical qualities that determine public acceptance of a variety and determine the price. Improvement of length and shape of rice requires information on the genetic parameters of these traits. Diallel analysis is one of the methods usually used to estimate the genetic parameters of a trait. The purpose of this study was to estimate the genetic parameters of length and shape of rice using full diallel analysis. The plant material used was a full diallel cross-population of six rice genotypes, namely, Basmati Pakistan, Basmati Delta 9, Inpago Unsoed 1, Inpari 31, Koshihikari, and Tarabas. Thirty-six genotypes consisting of parents, F 1 and F 1reciprocal, were planted using a randomized block design with three replications. The data of rice grain length and length:width ratio were used for diallel analysis using the Hayman and Griffing method-1. The results showed additive and non-additive gene action influencing the length and shape of rice. The effect of the additive gene action was greater than the non-additive gene action, while both broad-sense heritability and narrow-sense heritability were high, revealed that the selection of these traits at the early generation using the pedigree selection method may be considered. Length and shape of rice were not affected by the female parent cytoplasm so that F 2 and F 2reciprocal populations may be combined into one population the next generation.
{"title":"Diallel analysis of length and shape of rice using Hayman and Griffing method","authors":"Agus Riyanto, Ponendi Hidayat, Y. Suprayogi, T. Haryanto","doi":"10.1515/opag-2022-0169","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/opag-2022-0169","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Length and shape of rice are important physical qualities that determine public acceptance of a variety and determine the price. Improvement of length and shape of rice requires information on the genetic parameters of these traits. Diallel analysis is one of the methods usually used to estimate the genetic parameters of a trait. The purpose of this study was to estimate the genetic parameters of length and shape of rice using full diallel analysis. The plant material used was a full diallel cross-population of six rice genotypes, namely, Basmati Pakistan, Basmati Delta 9, Inpago Unsoed 1, Inpari 31, Koshihikari, and Tarabas. Thirty-six genotypes consisting of parents, F 1 and F 1reciprocal, were planted using a randomized block design with three replications. The data of rice grain length and length:width ratio were used for diallel analysis using the Hayman and Griffing method-1. The results showed additive and non-additive gene action influencing the length and shape of rice. The effect of the additive gene action was greater than the non-additive gene action, while both broad-sense heritability and narrow-sense heritability were high, revealed that the selection of these traits at the early generation using the pedigree selection method may be considered. Length and shape of rice were not affected by the female parent cytoplasm so that F 2 and F 2reciprocal populations may be combined into one population the next generation.","PeriodicalId":45740,"journal":{"name":"Open Agriculture","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45212151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Franck Junior Ngandjui Tchapga, A. H. Chotangui, Maryline Temgoua Fouegag, Tankou Christopher Mubeteneh
Abstract A field experiment was conducted at the teaching and research farm of the Faculty of Agronomy and Agricultural Sciences of the University of Dschang to investigate the effects of potato–Mucuna intercropping pattern on the agronomic performances of potatoes and the soil physicochemical properties in western highlands of Cameroon. The experiment design was a randomized complete block with three replications. The treatments included a pure potato stand (T1), pure Mucuna stand (T2), 1:1 (T3), 1:2 (T4), and 2:1 (T5) potato–Mucuna intercropping patterns. The results revealed that potato–Mucuna intercropping patterns had no significant effect (P > 0.05) on potato growth variables, soil physical properties, and the relative crowding coefficient. The highest potato yield (24,913 kg ha−1) and potato equivalent yield (81,513 kg ha−1) were obtained from the 1:1 intercropping pattern. The highest total LER (2.17) and the lowest (1.38) were obtained with 1:1 and 1:2 intercropping patterns, respectively. Area time equivalent ratio values were greater than 1 in 1:1 (1.46) and 2:1 (1.29) intercropping patterns. Mucuna proved to be the most aggressive and competitive species according to Ap and competitive ratio values except for the 1:2 intercropping pattern with K indicating a yield advantage in all intercropping patterns. 1:1 and 2:1 intercropping patterns gave the best C/N (13.94) and cation exchange capacity (36.12 meq 100 g−1), respectively. Late blight incidence was highest (16.88%) on potato sole crop stand and lowest (8.05%) on 1:2 intercropping pattern. Therefore, based on the findings of this experiment, 1:1 or 1:2 intercropping pattern could be recommended in potato–Mucuna intercropping system.
{"title":"Effects of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.)–Mucuna pruriens intercropping pattern on the agronomic performances of potato and the soil physicochemical properties of the western highlands of Cameroon","authors":"Franck Junior Ngandjui Tchapga, A. H. Chotangui, Maryline Temgoua Fouegag, Tankou Christopher Mubeteneh","doi":"10.1515/opag-2022-0142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/opag-2022-0142","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract A field experiment was conducted at the teaching and research farm of the Faculty of Agronomy and Agricultural Sciences of the University of Dschang to investigate the effects of potato–Mucuna intercropping pattern on the agronomic performances of potatoes and the soil physicochemical properties in western highlands of Cameroon. The experiment design was a randomized complete block with three replications. The treatments included a pure potato stand (T1), pure Mucuna stand (T2), 1:1 (T3), 1:2 (T4), and 2:1 (T5) potato–Mucuna intercropping patterns. The results revealed that potato–Mucuna intercropping patterns had no significant effect (P > 0.05) on potato growth variables, soil physical properties, and the relative crowding coefficient. The highest potato yield (24,913 kg ha−1) and potato equivalent yield (81,513 kg ha−1) were obtained from the 1:1 intercropping pattern. The highest total LER (2.17) and the lowest (1.38) were obtained with 1:1 and 1:2 intercropping patterns, respectively. Area time equivalent ratio values were greater than 1 in 1:1 (1.46) and 2:1 (1.29) intercropping patterns. Mucuna proved to be the most aggressive and competitive species according to Ap and competitive ratio values except for the 1:2 intercropping pattern with K indicating a yield advantage in all intercropping patterns. 1:1 and 2:1 intercropping patterns gave the best C/N (13.94) and cation exchange capacity (36.12 meq 100 g−1), respectively. Late blight incidence was highest (16.88%) on potato sole crop stand and lowest (8.05%) on 1:2 intercropping pattern. Therefore, based on the findings of this experiment, 1:1 or 1:2 intercropping pattern could be recommended in potato–Mucuna intercropping system.","PeriodicalId":45740,"journal":{"name":"Open Agriculture","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45851774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract There are growing numbers of publications on the effect of substitution of maize with cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) on growth indices of broiler chickens with variable results. The purpose of this meta-analysis was to explore the influence of substitution of maize with dietary cassava on growth traits (i.e., average daily feed intake [ADFI], body weight gain [BWG] and feed conversion efficiency [FCE]) of broilers. Search done in PubMed, Google scholar and Scopus databases yielded 303 studies of which 27 were suitable for the analysis. Heterogeneity was explored by subgroup and meta-regression analyses using the following moderator variables: publication year, study continent, processing methods, cassava form, substitution level, broiler strain, number of birds per groups and treatment durations. Results show that dietary cassava reduced ADFI (mean difference [MD] = −5.19 g/day; 95% confidence interval [CI]: −8.60, −1.79; I 2 = 99%) and BWG (MD = −8.49 g/day; 95% CI: −9.65, −7.33; I 2 = 98%) and increased FCE (MD = 0.29; 95% CI: 0.24, 0.35; I 2 = 99%) in broilers compared to controls. Publication year, broiler strain, treatment durations and substitution level) influenced the outcomes of the study and explained some of the sources of heterogeneity. In conclusion, our results suggested that dietary cassava inclusion at 5% (minimum) and 62% (maximum) reduced growth performance in broiler chickens. However, more effective methods for increasing the nutrient value of cassava roots for broiler chicken feeding as well as the cassava inclusion levels for optimal productivity are required.
{"title":"Meta-analysis of the influence of the substitution of maize with cassava on performance indices of broiler chickens","authors":"I. Ogbuewu, C. Mbajiorgu","doi":"10.1515/opag-2022-0166","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/opag-2022-0166","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract There are growing numbers of publications on the effect of substitution of maize with cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) on growth indices of broiler chickens with variable results. The purpose of this meta-analysis was to explore the influence of substitution of maize with dietary cassava on growth traits (i.e., average daily feed intake [ADFI], body weight gain [BWG] and feed conversion efficiency [FCE]) of broilers. Search done in PubMed, Google scholar and Scopus databases yielded 303 studies of which 27 were suitable for the analysis. Heterogeneity was explored by subgroup and meta-regression analyses using the following moderator variables: publication year, study continent, processing methods, cassava form, substitution level, broiler strain, number of birds per groups and treatment durations. Results show that dietary cassava reduced ADFI (mean difference [MD] = −5.19 g/day; 95% confidence interval [CI]: −8.60, −1.79; I 2 = 99%) and BWG (MD = −8.49 g/day; 95% CI: −9.65, −7.33; I 2 = 98%) and increased FCE (MD = 0.29; 95% CI: 0.24, 0.35; I 2 = 99%) in broilers compared to controls. Publication year, broiler strain, treatment durations and substitution level) influenced the outcomes of the study and explained some of the sources of heterogeneity. In conclusion, our results suggested that dietary cassava inclusion at 5% (minimum) and 62% (maximum) reduced growth performance in broiler chickens. However, more effective methods for increasing the nutrient value of cassava roots for broiler chicken feeding as well as the cassava inclusion levels for optimal productivity are required.","PeriodicalId":45740,"journal":{"name":"Open Agriculture","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42920139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T. Simarmata, M. K. Prayoga, M. Setiawati, K. Adinata, Silke Stӧber
Abstract Soil nutrients can be reduced because of global climate change. This is because climate change causes high rainfall intensity and a prolonged dry season. Efforts to overcome this are fertilized using bioameliorants so that soil nutrients remain available for plants. Observations have been made from May to August 2018 at the JAMTANI Field Laboratory. The study used a factorial randomized block design with three replications. The first factor was a bioameliorant (P1 = goat manure 10 tons ha−1; P2 = goat manure 10 tons ha−1 + Azolla pinnata 10 tons ha−1; P3 = goat manure 10 tons ha−1 + Sesbania rostrata 2 tons ha−1; dan P4 = goat manure 10 tons ha−1 + A. pinnata 5 tons ha−1 + S. rostrata 1 tons ha−1) and the second factor was rice varieties (Ciherang and Mendawak). The application of bioameliorant increased C-organic of soil by 9.04% to 20.41% and soil nitrogen by 11.76% to 38.24%. The addition of bioameliorant did not cause differences in the weight of the plant between the Mendawak variety (61.34 g) and the Ciherang variety (56.96 g). The most efficient addition of bioameliorant is P3 (goat manure 10 tons ha−1 + S. rostrata 2 tons ha−1) with nutrient uptake efficiency value reaching 5.77%. The use of bioameliorant is expected to be able to substitute the use of inorganic fertilizers and increase rice production.
由于全球气候变化，土壤养分会减少。这是因为气候变化导致降雨强度大，旱季延长。克服这一问题的努力是使用生物改良剂施肥，使土壤养分仍然可供植物使用。2018年5月至8月，在JAMTANI野外实验室进行了观测。本研究采用三次重复的因子随机区组设计。第一个因素是生物改良剂(P1 =羊粪10吨/公顷;P2 =羊粪10吨ha−1 +凤仙花10吨ha−1;P3 =羊粪10吨ha - 1 +田菁2吨ha - 1;单P4 =羊粪10吨ha - 1 +山楂5吨ha - 1 +山楂1吨ha - 1)，第二个因素是水稻品种(赤禾郎和门达越)。施用生物改良剂可使土壤碳有机含量提高9.04% ~ 20.41%，土壤氮含量提高11.76% ~ 38.24%。添加生物改良剂对孟打越品种(61.34 g)和慈和让品种(56.96 g)的植株质量无显著影响，添加最有效的生物改良剂为P3(羊粪10 t ha - 1 +鹿茸2 t ha - 1)，养分吸收效率值可达5.77%。生物改良剂的使用有望取代无机肥料的使用，提高水稻产量。
{"title":"Environmentally friendly bioameliorant to increase soil fertility and rice (Oryza sativa) production","authors":"T. Simarmata, M. K. Prayoga, M. Setiawati, K. Adinata, Silke Stӧber","doi":"10.1515/opag-2022-0185","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/opag-2022-0185","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Soil nutrients can be reduced because of global climate change. This is because climate change causes high rainfall intensity and a prolonged dry season. Efforts to overcome this are fertilized using bioameliorants so that soil nutrients remain available for plants. Observations have been made from May to August 2018 at the JAMTANI Field Laboratory. The study used a factorial randomized block design with three replications. The first factor was a bioameliorant (P1 = goat manure 10 tons ha−1; P2 = goat manure 10 tons ha−1 + Azolla pinnata 10 tons ha−1; P3 = goat manure 10 tons ha−1 + Sesbania rostrata 2 tons ha−1; dan P4 = goat manure 10 tons ha−1 + A. pinnata 5 tons ha−1 + S. rostrata 1 tons ha−1) and the second factor was rice varieties (Ciherang and Mendawak). The application of bioameliorant increased C-organic of soil by 9.04% to 20.41% and soil nitrogen by 11.76% to 38.24%. The addition of bioameliorant did not cause differences in the weight of the plant between the Mendawak variety (61.34 g) and the Ciherang variety (56.96 g). The most efficient addition of bioameliorant is P3 (goat manure 10 tons ha−1 + S. rostrata 2 tons ha−1) with nutrient uptake efficiency value reaching 5.77%. The use of bioameliorant is expected to be able to substitute the use of inorganic fertilizers and increase rice production.","PeriodicalId":45740,"journal":{"name":"Open Agriculture","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46330151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Idriss Djoko Kouam, Joseline Mabah, Pierre Germain Ntsoli, Laverdure Tchamani, A. Yaouba, B. Katte, D. Bitom
Abstract Inoculation of plants with plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) is an ecological approach to improve plants growth and yield. The objective of this study was to screen native PGPBs in tomato root rhizosphere and evaluate their performance in germination and growth of seedlings in the greenhouse in the western region of Cameroon. Isolates were selected based on their ability to solubilize phosphate, produce indole-3-acetic acid, and improve seed germination and seedling growth under laboratory conditions. Following this screening, eight bacteria were selected (S1, S4, S13, S14, S16, B9, B11, and B15) to assess their performance on seedling growth in greenhouse. Seeds of two tomato varieties (one improved, Raja, and the local one, Foolewouh) were used in this study. The experiment was performed in sterilized and non-sterilized soils. Phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA sequence showed that these bacteria belong to the genus Bacillus, including B. thuringiensis, B. cereus, B. pacificus, and B. aerius. The bacterial performance depended on the variety and conditions of soil treatment. Isolates improved seed germination (up to 31.93%) and seeding strength (up to 78.59%) in vitro. In greenhouse, inoculation with PGPB significantly increased stem height, root length, and weight of fresh and dry stems and roots. Raja variety was more sensitive to bacteria and performed better than the Foolewouh variety. Bacterial isolates on sterilized soil allowed to better seedling growth compared to non-sterilized soil. The study showed that B. thuringiensis (strain B9), B. pacificus (strain B11), and Bacillus sp. (strain B15) can be used as inoculant formulations to improve seedling growth of tomato plant.
{"title":"Growth promotion potential of Bacillus spp. isolates on two tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) varieties in the West region of Cameroon","authors":"Idriss Djoko Kouam, Joseline Mabah, Pierre Germain Ntsoli, Laverdure Tchamani, A. Yaouba, B. Katte, D. Bitom","doi":"10.1515/opag-2022-0154","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/opag-2022-0154","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Inoculation of plants with plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) is an ecological approach to improve plants growth and yield. The objective of this study was to screen native PGPBs in tomato root rhizosphere and evaluate their performance in germination and growth of seedlings in the greenhouse in the western region of Cameroon. Isolates were selected based on their ability to solubilize phosphate, produce indole-3-acetic acid, and improve seed germination and seedling growth under laboratory conditions. Following this screening, eight bacteria were selected (S1, S4, S13, S14, S16, B9, B11, and B15) to assess their performance on seedling growth in greenhouse. Seeds of two tomato varieties (one improved, Raja, and the local one, Foolewouh) were used in this study. The experiment was performed in sterilized and non-sterilized soils. Phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA sequence showed that these bacteria belong to the genus Bacillus, including B. thuringiensis, B. cereus, B. pacificus, and B. aerius. The bacterial performance depended on the variety and conditions of soil treatment. Isolates improved seed germination (up to 31.93%) and seeding strength (up to 78.59%) in vitro. In greenhouse, inoculation with PGPB significantly increased stem height, root length, and weight of fresh and dry stems and roots. Raja variety was more sensitive to bacteria and performed better than the Foolewouh variety. Bacterial isolates on sterilized soil allowed to better seedling growth compared to non-sterilized soil. The study showed that B. thuringiensis (strain B9), B. pacificus (strain B11), and Bacillus sp. (strain B15) can be used as inoculant formulations to improve seedling growth of tomato plant.","PeriodicalId":45740,"journal":{"name":"Open Agriculture","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44031085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Leontiі Khmelnychyiі, Serhii Khmelnychyiі, Y. Samokhina
Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the phenotypic relationships between descriptive and group linear-type traits and the final score of first-born cows of the Ukrainian Brown dairy breed. The data from the linear estimation were collected on the population of 707 cows in six herds in the Sumy region of Ukraine from 2000 to 2018. It was found that the level of correlations between descriptive and group traits of the conformation, which characterize the dairy strength, frame, feet/legs, and udder, differed in significant variability by direction, strength, and reliability. The level of positive phenotypic correlations of descriptive traits with all group traits of the conformation type and the final score was height (0.19–0.34 and 0.34), chest width (0.06–0.29 and 0.17), body depth (0.28–0.53 and 0.48), angularity (0.35–0.77 and 0.62), rump width (0.29–0.36 and 0.46), rear legs posture (0.33–0.37 and 0.48), front udder attachment (0.23–0.39 and 0.41), height of rear udder attachment (0.17–0.27 and 0.29), and central ligament (r = 0.16–0.39 and 0.36). The body condition score was related to group traits but in a negative value, with correlation coefficients ranging from −0.07 (legs) to −0.47 (dairy strength). The level of correlation between descriptive traits and the final score indicated that the selection based on the results of good development of these traits will contribute to the overall progress of cows in the direction of the desired dairy type.
{"title":"Correlation between descriptive and group type traits in the system of cow’s linear classification of Ukrainian Brown dairy breed","authors":"Leontiі Khmelnychyiі, Serhii Khmelnychyiі, Y. Samokhina","doi":"10.1515/opag-2022-0180","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/opag-2022-0180","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the phenotypic relationships between descriptive and group linear-type traits and the final score of first-born cows of the Ukrainian Brown dairy breed. The data from the linear estimation were collected on the population of 707 cows in six herds in the Sumy region of Ukraine from 2000 to 2018. It was found that the level of correlations between descriptive and group traits of the conformation, which characterize the dairy strength, frame, feet/legs, and udder, differed in significant variability by direction, strength, and reliability. The level of positive phenotypic correlations of descriptive traits with all group traits of the conformation type and the final score was height (0.19–0.34 and 0.34), chest width (0.06–0.29 and 0.17), body depth (0.28–0.53 and 0.48), angularity (0.35–0.77 and 0.62), rump width (0.29–0.36 and 0.46), rear legs posture (0.33–0.37 and 0.48), front udder attachment (0.23–0.39 and 0.41), height of rear udder attachment (0.17–0.27 and 0.29), and central ligament (r = 0.16–0.39 and 0.36). The body condition score was related to group traits but in a negative value, with correlation coefficients ranging from −0.07 (legs) to −0.47 (dairy strength). The level of correlation between descriptive traits and the final score indicated that the selection based on the results of good development of these traits will contribute to the overall progress of cows in the direction of the desired dairy type.","PeriodicalId":45740,"journal":{"name":"Open Agriculture","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46455935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract The research employs secondary data consisting of time series data on beef prices from the consumer regions (Jakarta, Banten, and West Java Provinces) and the producer regions (East Nusa Tenggara, West Nusa Tenggara, Bali, East Java, and Lampung Provinces) obtained from the Center for Information of Strategic Food Prices period January 2018–July 2022. The analytical model utilizes the estimated VAR (vector autoregression)/VECM (vector error correction model). The mean beef price in Indonesia’s producer regions exceeds the normal level (above the reference price), except for East Nusa Tenggara Province, as well as in the consumer regions, which are significantly above the normal level. Beef prices in the producer and consumer regions have a mutual influence in the current and previous periods. The presence of cointegration implies that in the long term, the beef market in the producer regions (East Nusa Tenggara, West Nusa Tenggara, Bali, East Java, and Lampung) is integrated with the consumer regions (Jakarta, Banten, and West Java Provinces) in Indonesia. The most substantial impact of the shock of beef prices in the region of the largest producer is Lampung Province. This research concludes that there is a cointegration of beef prices; in the long term, the beef market in producer regions is integrated with the consumers in Indonesia. Similarly, the beef market will be integrated into producer regions with the consumers in the short term. The VECM is a beef price forecasting model in the producer and consumer regions, which can be considered to have excellent performance.
{"title":"Analysis of beef market integration between consumer and producer regions in Indonesia","authors":"None Firmansyah, Pahantus Maruli, Afriani Harahap","doi":"10.1515/opag-2022-0221","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/opag-2022-0221","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The research employs secondary data consisting of time series data on beef prices from the consumer regions (Jakarta, Banten, and West Java Provinces) and the producer regions (East Nusa Tenggara, West Nusa Tenggara, Bali, East Java, and Lampung Provinces) obtained from the Center for Information of Strategic Food Prices period January 2018–July 2022. The analytical model utilizes the estimated VAR (vector autoregression)/VECM (vector error correction model). The mean beef price in Indonesia’s producer regions exceeds the normal level (above the reference price), except for East Nusa Tenggara Province, as well as in the consumer regions, which are significantly above the normal level. Beef prices in the producer and consumer regions have a mutual influence in the current and previous periods. The presence of cointegration implies that in the long term, the beef market in the producer regions (East Nusa Tenggara, West Nusa Tenggara, Bali, East Java, and Lampung) is integrated with the consumer regions (Jakarta, Banten, and West Java Provinces) in Indonesia. The most substantial impact of the shock of beef prices in the region of the largest producer is Lampung Province. This research concludes that there is a cointegration of beef prices; in the long term, the beef market in producer regions is integrated with the consumers in Indonesia. Similarly, the beef market will be integrated into producer regions with the consumers in the short term. The VECM is a beef price forecasting model in the producer and consumer regions, which can be considered to have excellent performance.","PeriodicalId":45740,"journal":{"name":"Open Agriculture","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135358065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Julius S. Missanga, P. Venkataramana, P. Ndakidemi
Abstract Lablab is a multifunctional crop that is underutilized in Africa. This study was performed to assess Lablab landraces cultivation and distribution, farming systems, and some climatic trends in Lablab production areas in Tanzania. A socio-economic survey was engaged to locate the main production areas using Global Positioning System, while participatory research tools were used to assess farming systems, practices, and challenges perceived in Lablab production. Some weather data were collected to establish climatic trends in Lablab production areas. The study revealed a wide cultivation and distribution of Lablab landraces in five agro-ecological zones with some variations. These variations were influenced by market demand for Lablab in Kenya and its role in subsistence farming. Lablab was mainly produced for conservation agriculture and enhanced soil fertility (27.9%), marketing (22.1%), livestock feeding (21.5%), food during drought conditions (15.4%), traditional purposes (7.4%), regular consumption (3.8%), and other minor uses (1.8%) varied significantly across the zones (χ 2 = 37.639, p = 0.038). The farming systems included intercropping (59.0%), mono-cropping (31.0%), home based gardening (5.0%), crop rotation (3.0%), and relaying cropping (2.0%) with no significant difference across the zones (χ 2 = 15.049, p = 0.314). A wide range of farmers’ practices were noted in Lablab production zone-wise. Unavailability of improved varieties and poor market channels were the farmers’ key challenges in Lablab production. It was further noticed that Lablab was mainly produced in areas with dry conditions. Finally, it was suggested that effort should be enhanced to improve genetic resource conservation, value addition, and market channels to other countries while developing improved varieties in terms of high yielding and drought tolerance.
{"title":"Lablab purpureus: Analysis of landraces cultivation and distribution, farming systems, and some climatic trends in production areas in Tanzania","authors":"Julius S. Missanga, P. Venkataramana, P. Ndakidemi","doi":"10.1515/opag-2022-0156","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/opag-2022-0156","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Lablab is a multifunctional crop that is underutilized in Africa. This study was performed to assess Lablab landraces cultivation and distribution, farming systems, and some climatic trends in Lablab production areas in Tanzania. A socio-economic survey was engaged to locate the main production areas using Global Positioning System, while participatory research tools were used to assess farming systems, practices, and challenges perceived in Lablab production. Some weather data were collected to establish climatic trends in Lablab production areas. The study revealed a wide cultivation and distribution of Lablab landraces in five agro-ecological zones with some variations. These variations were influenced by market demand for Lablab in Kenya and its role in subsistence farming. Lablab was mainly produced for conservation agriculture and enhanced soil fertility (27.9%), marketing (22.1%), livestock feeding (21.5%), food during drought conditions (15.4%), traditional purposes (7.4%), regular consumption (3.8%), and other minor uses (1.8%) varied significantly across the zones (χ 2 = 37.639, p = 0.038). The farming systems included intercropping (59.0%), mono-cropping (31.0%), home based gardening (5.0%), crop rotation (3.0%), and relaying cropping (2.0%) with no significant difference across the zones (χ 2 = 15.049, p = 0.314). A wide range of farmers’ practices were noted in Lablab production zone-wise. Unavailability of improved varieties and poor market channels were the farmers’ key challenges in Lablab production. It was further noticed that Lablab was mainly produced in areas with dry conditions. Finally, it was suggested that effort should be enhanced to improve genetic resource conservation, value addition, and market channels to other countries while developing improved varieties in terms of high yielding and drought tolerance.","PeriodicalId":45740,"journal":{"name":"Open Agriculture","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44251723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Credit accessibility is crucial for sustainable agricultural development. However, the difficulty in accessing credit has caused farmers to take many considerations when taking a loan. This research aims to determine the factors determining access and credit sources for cassava farmers in Lampung Province, Indonesia. Central Lampung was chosen as the research location because it had a total cassava production share of 36%. This study used Isaac’s and Michael’s formulae to determine the total samples. The data were collected by interviewing 263 respondents. Of 263 farmers, only 109 (41.4%) had access to loans. Data were analysed using the Multinomial Logit Regression Model to examine the factors determining access and credit sources for cassava farmers. Marginal effect analysis was also used to determine the probability of changes in independent variables. Regression results showed that the type of credit sources chosen by the farmers was determined by age, income, agribusiness experience, land size, education, organisation membership, and credit experience (R 2 = 89.1%). Partially, age, income, land size, education, credit experience, and business experience significantly influence the funding source. The results indicate that age, agribusiness experience, and land size are the main factors in choosing the types of credit. Land size has the biggest positive influence on farmers’ access to formal banks (11.49%).
{"title":"Factors determining cassava farmers’ accessibility to loan sources: Evidence from Lampung, Indonesia","authors":"A. Suryani, Masyhuri, Lestari Rahayu Waluyati","doi":"10.1515/opag-2022-0209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/opag-2022-0209","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Credit accessibility is crucial for sustainable agricultural development. However, the difficulty in accessing credit has caused farmers to take many considerations when taking a loan. This research aims to determine the factors determining access and credit sources for cassava farmers in Lampung Province, Indonesia. Central Lampung was chosen as the research location because it had a total cassava production share of 36%. This study used Isaac’s and Michael’s formulae to determine the total samples. The data were collected by interviewing 263 respondents. Of 263 farmers, only 109 (41.4%) had access to loans. Data were analysed using the Multinomial Logit Regression Model to examine the factors determining access and credit sources for cassava farmers. Marginal effect analysis was also used to determine the probability of changes in independent variables. Regression results showed that the type of credit sources chosen by the farmers was determined by age, income, agribusiness experience, land size, education, organisation membership, and credit experience (R 2 = 89.1%). Partially, age, income, land size, education, credit experience, and business experience significantly influence the funding source. The results indicate that age, agribusiness experience, and land size are the main factors in choosing the types of credit. Land size has the biggest positive influence on farmers’ access to formal banks (11.49%).","PeriodicalId":45740,"journal":{"name":"Open Agriculture","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43020511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
W. Rahayu, D. Darsono, S. Marwanti, E. Antriyandarti
Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in a change in food demand. In Central Java, during the pandemic (2021), the proportion of expenditure on the grain food group was higher than in 2020; meanwhile, the proportion of the ready-to-eat food group decreased. This study aims to analyze the pattern of food consumption of carbohydrate sources, the influencing factors, and the elasticity of consumption in households in Central Java before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study uses data from the National Socio-Economic Survey (Susenas) for 12 districts/cities in Central Java consisting of 9,812 in 2019 and 10,636 households samples in 2021. Data analysis used the Linear Approximation Almost Ideal Demand System (LA-AIDS) method. Results of the study show that the COVID-19 pandemic has caused changes in the household consumption pattern of carbohydrate-source food in Central Java. The proportion of expenditure on rice, wheat flour, shelled corn, cassava, and potatoes has increased. On the other hand, wet corn, instant noodles, and white rice decreased. The price of food sources of carbohydrates and the number of household members positively affect the consumption of food sources of carbohydrates. At the same time, income has a negative effect. There are differences in the effect of the location of the residence on the consumption of food sources of carbohydrates before and during the pandemic. The value of own-price elasticity and income elasticity shows that before the pandemic, rice was a staple good whose consumption was inelastic. Before and during the COVID-19 pandemic, wheat flour, wet-skinned corn, shelled corn, potatoes, white rice, and cassava in the pre-pandemic period was Giffen because the price elasticity was positive, and the income elasticity was negative. Meanwhile, rice during the pandemic, instant noodles before and during the pandemic, and cassava were Veblen goods because their price and income elasticity were positive. Cross elasticity shows that before the pandemic, most of the relationships between food sources of carbohydrates were substitutes, while during the pandemic, most of the relationships between food sources of carbohydrates were complementary.
{"title":"Factors affecting household carbohydrate food consumption in Central Java: Before and during the COVID-19 pandemic","authors":"W. Rahayu, D. Darsono, S. Marwanti, E. Antriyandarti","doi":"10.1515/opag-2022-0188","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/opag-2022-0188","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in a change in food demand. In Central Java, during the pandemic (2021), the proportion of expenditure on the grain food group was higher than in 2020; meanwhile, the proportion of the ready-to-eat food group decreased. This study aims to analyze the pattern of food consumption of carbohydrate sources, the influencing factors, and the elasticity of consumption in households in Central Java before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study uses data from the National Socio-Economic Survey (Susenas) for 12 districts/cities in Central Java consisting of 9,812 in 2019 and 10,636 households samples in 2021. Data analysis used the Linear Approximation Almost Ideal Demand System (LA-AIDS) method. Results of the study show that the COVID-19 pandemic has caused changes in the household consumption pattern of carbohydrate-source food in Central Java. The proportion of expenditure on rice, wheat flour, shelled corn, cassava, and potatoes has increased. On the other hand, wet corn, instant noodles, and white rice decreased. The price of food sources of carbohydrates and the number of household members positively affect the consumption of food sources of carbohydrates. At the same time, income has a negative effect. There are differences in the effect of the location of the residence on the consumption of food sources of carbohydrates before and during the pandemic. The value of own-price elasticity and income elasticity shows that before the pandemic, rice was a staple good whose consumption was inelastic. Before and during the COVID-19 pandemic, wheat flour, wet-skinned corn, shelled corn, potatoes, white rice, and cassava in the pre-pandemic period was Giffen because the price elasticity was positive, and the income elasticity was negative. Meanwhile, rice during the pandemic, instant noodles before and during the pandemic, and cassava were Veblen goods because their price and income elasticity were positive. Cross elasticity shows that before the pandemic, most of the relationships between food sources of carbohydrates were substitutes, while during the pandemic, most of the relationships between food sources of carbohydrates were complementary.","PeriodicalId":45740,"journal":{"name":"Open Agriculture","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46234449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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