Pub Date : 2023-09-16DOI: 10.1177/02762374231201074
Eva Specker, Maximilian Douda, Helmut Leder
Understanding an artwork is essential for aesthetic experiences. But how does one form an understanding of art? To investigate this still poorly addressed process, we hypothesized that the easier a stimulus is processed (i.e., higher fluency), the easier it should be understood. We focused on artwork inherent features (i.e., style and content) and their interactions affect processing. Making use of the brightness–positivity association, the overall brightness of paintings (i.e., as stylistic feature) was manipulated to match their content (positive vs. negative). We hypothesized that a congruency of style and content would facilitate the processing of paintings resulting in a better understanding, but also, greater liking, and (exploratively) higher artistic value. Our data indicated no congruency effects between brightness and content, but that content alone was a strong predictor for art processing and—in an exploratory approach—highlighted the importance of individual differences in terms of art interest and knowledge in our sample.
{"title":"How Do We Understand Artworks? Exploring the Role of Artwork Inherent Features in Art Processing","authors":"Eva Specker, Maximilian Douda, Helmut Leder","doi":"10.1177/02762374231201074","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02762374231201074","url":null,"abstract":"Understanding an artwork is essential for aesthetic experiences. But how does one form an understanding of art? To investigate this still poorly addressed process, we hypothesized that the easier a stimulus is processed (i.e., higher fluency), the easier it should be understood. We focused on artwork inherent features (i.e., style and content) and their interactions affect processing. Making use of the brightness–positivity association, the overall brightness of paintings (i.e., as stylistic feature) was manipulated to match their content (positive vs. negative). We hypothesized that a congruency of style and content would facilitate the processing of paintings resulting in a better understanding, but also, greater liking, and (exploratively) higher artistic value. Our data indicated no congruency effects between brightness and content, but that content alone was a strong predictor for art processing and—in an exploratory approach—highlighted the importance of individual differences in terms of art interest and knowledge in our sample.","PeriodicalId":45870,"journal":{"name":"Empirical Studies of the Arts","volume":"233 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135307113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-12DOI: 10.1177/02762374231196404
Rocío Riestra-Camacho, James Carney, Emily Troscianko
No research has yet experimentally evaluated the role of narrative fiction in relation to eating disorders (EDs). This study used a between-participants design to assess vulnerability to EDs before and after reading two contemporary U.S. young adult sports novels. ED vulnerability was measured using the EAT-26 and a tailored questionnaire. The experimental group ( n = 32) received the books with text-specific reading guides. The control group ( n = 33) received only the novels. Our hypothesis was that post-reading measures would be lower (improved) in both groups, but more markedly in the experimental group. Scores were typically lower in the experimental group and higher in the control group, but these differences were not statistically significant after correction for multiple comparisons. These findings underline the need to expand empirical evidence on the effects of narrative reading in the context of EDs, while the innovative methods trialed here open up new methodological avenues.
{"title":"Can Narrative Bibliotherapy Reduce Vulnerability to Eating Disorders? Evidence from a Reading Experiment","authors":"Rocío Riestra-Camacho, James Carney, Emily Troscianko","doi":"10.1177/02762374231196404","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02762374231196404","url":null,"abstract":"No research has yet experimentally evaluated the role of narrative fiction in relation to eating disorders (EDs). This study used a between-participants design to assess vulnerability to EDs before and after reading two contemporary U.S. young adult sports novels. ED vulnerability was measured using the EAT-26 and a tailored questionnaire. The experimental group ( n = 32) received the books with text-specific reading guides. The control group ( n = 33) received only the novels. Our hypothesis was that post-reading measures would be lower (improved) in both groups, but more markedly in the experimental group. Scores were typically lower in the experimental group and higher in the control group, but these differences were not statistically significant after correction for multiple comparisons. These findings underline the need to expand empirical evidence on the effects of narrative reading in the context of EDs, while the innovative methods trialed here open up new methodological avenues.","PeriodicalId":45870,"journal":{"name":"Empirical Studies of the Arts","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135884198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-29DOI: 10.1177/02762374231196836
Marislei Nishijima, T. Souza
The Brazilian film market consists mainly of American films; most of these films are released after their release in the United States, while a few are released before or simultaneously. The recent rapid developments in information and communication technology (ICT) changed film-showing technology to a digital model, improving the possibility of simultaneous worldwide releases. ICT evolution also allowed Brazilian moviegoers to access American critic reviews in real time. We explore this scenario to study whether American critic reviews influence film consumption at theaters in Brazil. We employ regression analysis using data from 1,600 films exhibited in the country between 2007 and 2018 collected from Box Office Mojo and Rotten Tomatoes websites. Controlling for endogeneity problems, we documented a prediction effect of expert reviews on gapped film releases but not an influence effect on simultaneous releases, which correspond to the wide film releases in the United States.
{"title":"Do American Critic Reviews Affect Film Consumption Abroad? The Brazilian Case","authors":"Marislei Nishijima, T. Souza","doi":"10.1177/02762374231196836","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02762374231196836","url":null,"abstract":"The Brazilian film market consists mainly of American films; most of these films are released after their release in the United States, while a few are released before or simultaneously. The recent rapid developments in information and communication technology (ICT) changed film-showing technology to a digital model, improving the possibility of simultaneous worldwide releases. ICT evolution also allowed Brazilian moviegoers to access American critic reviews in real time. We explore this scenario to study whether American critic reviews influence film consumption at theaters in Brazil. We employ regression analysis using data from 1,600 films exhibited in the country between 2007 and 2018 collected from Box Office Mojo and Rotten Tomatoes websites. Controlling for endogeneity problems, we documented a prediction effect of expert reviews on gapped film releases but not an influence effect on simultaneous releases, which correspond to the wide film releases in the United States.","PeriodicalId":45870,"journal":{"name":"Empirical Studies of the Arts","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48172797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-25DOI: 10.1177/02762374231196491
Rebekah M. Rodriguez-Boerwinkle, P. Silvia
The present study explored how personality shapes encounters with art within a virtual art gallery. An online sample of 264 adults completed questionnaires before freely wandering around a virtual gallery, which spanned three rooms and contained 24 artworks (half abstract, half representational) of various sizes and genres. We examined how the Big Five personality traits, aesthetic fluency, and aesthetic responsiveness predicted visit behavior: overall visit time, distance traveled in the gallery, the proportion of time spent viewing artwork, and how long and from what distance people viewed each individual artwork. Openness to experience had widespread effects on virtual visit behaviors, followed by extraversion, and variation in artwork features (area and abstraction) predicted viewing time and distance for individual artworks. We discuss how virtual galleries may contribute to understanding both traditional museum visitors and the emerging study of online virtual visitors.
{"title":"Visiting Virtual Museums: How Personality and Art-Related Individual Differences Shape Visitor Behavior in an Online Virtual Gallery","authors":"Rebekah M. Rodriguez-Boerwinkle, P. Silvia","doi":"10.1177/02762374231196491","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02762374231196491","url":null,"abstract":"The present study explored how personality shapes encounters with art within a virtual art gallery. An online sample of 264 adults completed questionnaires before freely wandering around a virtual gallery, which spanned three rooms and contained 24 artworks (half abstract, half representational) of various sizes and genres. We examined how the Big Five personality traits, aesthetic fluency, and aesthetic responsiveness predicted visit behavior: overall visit time, distance traveled in the gallery, the proportion of time spent viewing artwork, and how long and from what distance people viewed each individual artwork. Openness to experience had widespread effects on virtual visit behaviors, followed by extraversion, and variation in artwork features (area and abstraction) predicted viewing time and distance for individual artworks. We discuss how virtual galleries may contribute to understanding both traditional museum visitors and the emerging study of online virtual visitors.","PeriodicalId":45870,"journal":{"name":"Empirical Studies of the Arts","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43652429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-25DOI: 10.1177/02762374231196083
Anthony Chmiel, F. Kiernan, Hernán D. Ramallo, J. Davidson
Argentina and Australia endured among the most severe COVID-19 lockdowns globally. This study examined which artistic creative activities (ACAs) Argentinians in the Buenos Aries region used to support their mental health and wellbeing and compared these findings with existing data for Australians (primarily from Victoria) across a similar period. Adult Argentinians ( N = 86) responded to an online survey regarding 27 listed ACAs, as well as ratings of anxiety, depression, and loneliness. While “watching films and television” was the most commonly reported ACA, it was not rated as effective in supporting mental health and wellbeing. Conversely, musical ACAs were ranked highest. We consider evidence from Australia, North America, and South America that musical ACAs (especially music listening) have been most effective at supporting mental health and wellbeing during the COVID-19 pandemic by way of avoidance-based emotion regulation. We also conclude from the data that Argentinians tended to place greater importance on music-based ACAs than Australians.
{"title":"Musical Activity as Avoidance-Based Emotion Regulation During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Evidence Across Continents","authors":"Anthony Chmiel, F. Kiernan, Hernán D. Ramallo, J. Davidson","doi":"10.1177/02762374231196083","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02762374231196083","url":null,"abstract":"Argentina and Australia endured among the most severe COVID-19 lockdowns globally. This study examined which artistic creative activities (ACAs) Argentinians in the Buenos Aries region used to support their mental health and wellbeing and compared these findings with existing data for Australians (primarily from Victoria) across a similar period. Adult Argentinians ( N = 86) responded to an online survey regarding 27 listed ACAs, as well as ratings of anxiety, depression, and loneliness. While “watching films and television” was the most commonly reported ACA, it was not rated as effective in supporting mental health and wellbeing. Conversely, musical ACAs were ranked highest. We consider evidence from Australia, North America, and South America that musical ACAs (especially music listening) have been most effective at supporting mental health and wellbeing during the COVID-19 pandemic by way of avoidance-based emotion regulation. We also conclude from the data that Argentinians tended to place greater importance on music-based ACAs than Australians.","PeriodicalId":45870,"journal":{"name":"Empirical Studies of the Arts","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41450511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-24DOI: 10.1177/02762374231196735
Shuwei Xue, Y. Son, Lianrui Yang, Shi-Min Chen
Poetry, being a distinct literary art form, fosters meaningful literacy, but few studies focus on enhancing its writing quality. Using a 2 × 2 between-subject design, this study explored the effects of prior knowledge and peer assessment on the quality of English as a foreign language poetry writing. A total of 81 English majors participated in a 7-week online poetry writing task, generating 567 poems on seven themes. Literary experts evaluated the poems across seven aspects. Results revealed that peer assessment enhanced general writing quality, specifically for participants with high prior knowledge. Prior knowledge negatively influenced personal voice and organization, with the low prior knowledge group showing a stronger focus on personal expressions and the flow of the poem. Peer assessment positively influenced the use of poetry schemes, with the assessed group demonstrating better utilization compared to the non-assessed group. The findings guide teaching poetic knowledge, encourage communication among students, and ultimately improve the quality of L2 poetry writing.
{"title":"Effects of Prior Knowledge and Peer Assessment on the Quality of English as a Foreign Language Poetry Writing","authors":"Shuwei Xue, Y. Son, Lianrui Yang, Shi-Min Chen","doi":"10.1177/02762374231196735","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02762374231196735","url":null,"abstract":"Poetry, being a distinct literary art form, fosters meaningful literacy, but few studies focus on enhancing its writing quality. Using a 2 × 2 between-subject design, this study explored the effects of prior knowledge and peer assessment on the quality of English as a foreign language poetry writing. A total of 81 English majors participated in a 7-week online poetry writing task, generating 567 poems on seven themes. Literary experts evaluated the poems across seven aspects. Results revealed that peer assessment enhanced general writing quality, specifically for participants with high prior knowledge. Prior knowledge negatively influenced personal voice and organization, with the low prior knowledge group showing a stronger focus on personal expressions and the flow of the poem. Peer assessment positively influenced the use of poetry schemes, with the assessed group demonstrating better utilization compared to the non-assessed group. The findings guide teaching poetic knowledge, encourage communication among students, and ultimately improve the quality of L2 poetry writing.","PeriodicalId":45870,"journal":{"name":"Empirical Studies of the Arts","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48522236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-22DOI: 10.1177/02762374231196387
Jennifer E. Drake, Mariana Eizayaga, Sarah Wawrzynski
In two studies, we compared whether making and viewing art improved affect and whether the affective benefits were due to participants’ experience of enjoyment and flow. In Study 1, participants engaged in an art-making and art-viewing activity separated by one week. In Study 2, participants were randomly assigned to an art-making or art-viewing activity. In both studies, we induced a negative mood in participants by having them watch a sad film clip. We measured positive and negative affects before and after the mood induction and after the activity. In Study 2, participants rated levels of enjoyment and flow experienced during the activity. Both making and viewing art reduced negative affect equally. However, making art improved positive affect more than viewing art, and making art was associated with greater enjoyment than viewing art. Actively making art is a potentially more powerful way to improve affect than passively viewing art.
{"title":"Making Versus Viewing Art: Effects on Affect, Enjoyment, and Flow","authors":"Jennifer E. Drake, Mariana Eizayaga, Sarah Wawrzynski","doi":"10.1177/02762374231196387","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02762374231196387","url":null,"abstract":"In two studies, we compared whether making and viewing art improved affect and whether the affective benefits were due to participants’ experience of enjoyment and flow. In Study 1, participants engaged in an art-making and art-viewing activity separated by one week. In Study 2, participants were randomly assigned to an art-making or art-viewing activity. In both studies, we induced a negative mood in participants by having them watch a sad film clip. We measured positive and negative affects before and after the mood induction and after the activity. In Study 2, participants rated levels of enjoyment and flow experienced during the activity. Both making and viewing art reduced negative affect equally. However, making art improved positive affect more than viewing art, and making art was associated with greater enjoyment than viewing art. Actively making art is a potentially more powerful way to improve affect than passively viewing art.","PeriodicalId":45870,"journal":{"name":"Empirical Studies of the Arts","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49378290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-22DOI: 10.1177/02762374231196383
Yongjun Dan
This study aimed to examine the mediating effects of cognitive style on the relationship between music competence and creative thinking. The participants were college students from a university in Eastern China. The categorization between rationality and experientiality (intuition) was adopted to measure students’ cognitive styles. A model was formulated in which music competence predicted cognitive style, which in turn predicted creativity. Structural equation modeling with Mplus 7.4 was utilized to examine the model fit and mediating effects. The result showed that (a) the model fit was acceptable; (b) both rationality and experientiality functioned as significant mediators on the path from music ability to creativity; and (c) the mediating effect of rationality was significantly greater than that of experientiality. The model presented an overall description of the relationships among the four variables; additionally, it revealed that rationality played a more prominent role than intuition did in creative thought.
{"title":"Examining the Mediating Effects of Cognitive Style on the Relation Between Music Competence and Creativity","authors":"Yongjun Dan","doi":"10.1177/02762374231196383","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02762374231196383","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to examine the mediating effects of cognitive style on the relationship between music competence and creative thinking. The participants were college students from a university in Eastern China. The categorization between rationality and experientiality (intuition) was adopted to measure students’ cognitive styles. A model was formulated in which music competence predicted cognitive style, which in turn predicted creativity. Structural equation modeling with Mplus 7.4 was utilized to examine the model fit and mediating effects. The result showed that (a) the model fit was acceptable; (b) both rationality and experientiality functioned as significant mediators on the path from music ability to creativity; and (c) the mediating effect of rationality was significantly greater than that of experientiality. The model presented an overall description of the relationships among the four variables; additionally, it revealed that rationality played a more prominent role than intuition did in creative thought.","PeriodicalId":45870,"journal":{"name":"Empirical Studies of the Arts","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43762798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-15DOI: 10.1177/02762374231191088
Yi-Fan Wu, Fangfang Yan, Changbing Huang
Whether aesthetic perception is stable over time for individuals and among individuals remains to be elucidated. In the current study, we investigated the effects of physical properties and categories of image features, and personal traits, on within- and across-participant visual aesthetic consistencies. We constructed an image library that consisted of 598 pictures and covered nine different categories. Forty-three adults without previous experience in art training conducted aesthetic evaluations of all images with a 7-point Likert scale twice on two consecutive days. The results mainly indicated that (a) complexity of images had a negative correlation on both within- and across-participant consistencies, while average hue had a positive effect; (b) concreteness of images contributed greatly to consistencies, with abstract images being associated with lower consistencies; (c) personal traits did not correlate with visual aesthetic consistencies. Our findings suggest that some stimulus-related, rather than person-related factors have effects on visual aesthetic consistency.
{"title":"Effects of Image Features and Personal Traits on Within- and Across-Participant Visual Aesthetic Consistencies","authors":"Yi-Fan Wu, Fangfang Yan, Changbing Huang","doi":"10.1177/02762374231191088","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02762374231191088","url":null,"abstract":"Whether aesthetic perception is stable over time for individuals and among individuals remains to be elucidated. In the current study, we investigated the effects of physical properties and categories of image features, and personal traits, on within- and across-participant visual aesthetic consistencies. We constructed an image library that consisted of 598 pictures and covered nine different categories. Forty-three adults without previous experience in art training conducted aesthetic evaluations of all images with a 7-point Likert scale twice on two consecutive days. The results mainly indicated that (a) complexity of images had a negative correlation on both within- and across-participant consistencies, while average hue had a positive effect; (b) concreteness of images contributed greatly to consistencies, with abstract images being associated with lower consistencies; (c) personal traits did not correlate with visual aesthetic consistencies. Our findings suggest that some stimulus-related, rather than person-related factors have effects on visual aesthetic consistency.","PeriodicalId":45870,"journal":{"name":"Empirical Studies of the Arts","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46879851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-01DOI: 10.1177/02762374231192942
Melissa Kuntz, Brandon Vick
This paper explores the possible gender gap among contemporary artists in important career-related outcomes: representation by prestigious galleries, access to museum exhibitions, and selection for museum collections. Using a sample of 959 artists, created by random sampling from a catalog of represented artists and merged with public data on demographic, socioeconomic, and educational backgrounds , we conduct a quantitative analysis on differences in artist outcomes by gender and education. We find that female artists have lower rates of gallery representation and museum exhibitions and collections, regardless of education. While having a Master of Fine Arts from highly ranked art schools results in better outcomes, the gender gap exists across educational quality.
{"title":"Education, Gender, and Blue-Chip Gallery Representation: The Importance of Educational Prestige in a Male-Dominated Art World","authors":"Melissa Kuntz, Brandon Vick","doi":"10.1177/02762374231192942","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02762374231192942","url":null,"abstract":"This paper explores the possible gender gap among contemporary artists in important career-related outcomes: representation by prestigious galleries, access to museum exhibitions, and selection for museum collections. Using a sample of 959 artists, created by random sampling from a catalog of represented artists and merged with public data on demographic, socioeconomic, and educational backgrounds , we conduct a quantitative analysis on differences in artist outcomes by gender and education. We find that female artists have lower rates of gallery representation and museum exhibitions and collections, regardless of education. While having a Master of Fine Arts from highly ranked art schools results in better outcomes, the gender gap exists across educational quality.","PeriodicalId":45870,"journal":{"name":"Empirical Studies of the Arts","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136020598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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