Pub Date : 2020-06-25DOI: 10.1080/1478601X.2020.1786283
Jace Valcore, K. Buckler
ABSTRACT The Pulse nightclub mass shooting is a defining event for the LGBTQ and Latinx communities. It signified that much remains to be done to achieve true equality and equitable treatment over and above the symbolic mentions of it in law and public policy. The news media is an important mechanism for communication of meaning following tragic and painful events such as the Pulse shooting. This study examined how the Pulse nightclub shooting that occurred on 12 June 2016, was covered by influential national newspapers in the United States, The New York Times, The Washington Post, and USA Today, to determine how the event was framed, what types of sources were relied upon, and what types of social and legal solutions were emphasized. The unit of analysis was direct and indirect quotes in each news article. Content analysis revealed that the dominant framing of the attack was that of a terrorist act committed by a pathological, ideologically motivated offender. The most common control mechanism discussed were soft measures, particularly gun control. Little attention was given to the victims or the anti-LGBTQ nature of the shooting.
{"title":"An act of terror and an act of hate: national elite and populace newspaper framing of pulse nightclub shooting","authors":"Jace Valcore, K. Buckler","doi":"10.1080/1478601X.2020.1786283","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1478601X.2020.1786283","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The Pulse nightclub mass shooting is a defining event for the LGBTQ and Latinx communities. It signified that much remains to be done to achieve true equality and equitable treatment over and above the symbolic mentions of it in law and public policy. The news media is an important mechanism for communication of meaning following tragic and painful events such as the Pulse shooting. This study examined how the Pulse nightclub shooting that occurred on 12 June 2016, was covered by influential national newspapers in the United States, The New York Times, The Washington Post, and USA Today, to determine how the event was framed, what types of sources were relied upon, and what types of social and legal solutions were emphasized. The unit of analysis was direct and indirect quotes in each news article. Content analysis revealed that the dominant framing of the attack was that of a terrorist act committed by a pathological, ideologically motivated offender. The most common control mechanism discussed were soft measures, particularly gun control. Little attention was given to the victims or the anti-LGBTQ nature of the shooting.","PeriodicalId":45877,"journal":{"name":"CRIMINAL JUSTICE STUDIES","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2020-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/1478601X.2020.1786283","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48010336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-08DOI: 10.1080/1478601X.2020.1771332
A. Cook, S. Haynes
ABSTRACT Research has shown that imprisonment has a criminogenic effect, but few studies have examined why this relationship exists. Drawing on Agnew’s General Strain Theory (GST) and survey data from a sample of men and women incarcerated in a large Southern prison, the current study examined the role of both imprisonment pains and reentry strains on perceived likelihood of reoffending. It also examined differences between first-time and repeat prisoners. Results from the overall sample showed that reentry strains (i.e., low community capital and inability to adjust to life in the community) mattered more than imprisonment pains. The results were similar for repeat prisoners, but both imprisonment pains (i.e., fear for one’s safety while in prison) and reentry strains (i.e., low community capital) mattered for first-time prisoners.
{"title":"Imprisonment pains, reentry strains, and perceived likelihood of reoffending","authors":"A. Cook, S. Haynes","doi":"10.1080/1478601X.2020.1771332","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1478601X.2020.1771332","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Research has shown that imprisonment has a criminogenic effect, but few studies have examined why this relationship exists. Drawing on Agnew’s General Strain Theory (GST) and survey data from a sample of men and women incarcerated in a large Southern prison, the current study examined the role of both imprisonment pains and reentry strains on perceived likelihood of reoffending. It also examined differences between first-time and repeat prisoners. Results from the overall sample showed that reentry strains (i.e., low community capital and inability to adjust to life in the community) mattered more than imprisonment pains. The results were similar for repeat prisoners, but both imprisonment pains (i.e., fear for one’s safety while in prison) and reentry strains (i.e., low community capital) mattered for first-time prisoners.","PeriodicalId":45877,"journal":{"name":"CRIMINAL JUSTICE STUDIES","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2020-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/1478601X.2020.1771332","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44075550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-05-25DOI: 10.1080/1478601X.2020.1762082
E. Lambert, M. Leone, N. Hogan, Z. Buckner, R. Worley, Vidisha Barua Worley
ABSTRACT Staff are the most vital resource for any correctional facility. As corrections is a very expensive budget item in the U.S., finding and keeping dedicated employees is essential. Organizational commitment refers the bond between correctional staff and their institution. A strong bond is essential for the safety and security of both employees and inmates, as well as ensuring that the institution runs effectively. This review explores past research on three different types of organizational commitment (affective, moral, and continuance), in order to summarize past results and to reveal areas remaining unexplored. This paper examines both the antecedents and outcomes of organizational commitment. Through a systematic review of past studies, we have identified both positive and negative workplace factors that influence organizational commitment. In addition, we report how organizational commitment affects various outcomes, such as burnout and turnover intent. Understanding how to increase staff commitment can provide a blueprint for administrators to enhance correctional operations and employee satisfaction.
{"title":"To be committed or not: a systematic review of the empirical literature on organizational commitment among correctional staff","authors":"E. Lambert, M. Leone, N. Hogan, Z. Buckner, R. Worley, Vidisha Barua Worley","doi":"10.1080/1478601X.2020.1762082","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1478601X.2020.1762082","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Staff are the most vital resource for any correctional facility. As corrections is a very expensive budget item in the U.S., finding and keeping dedicated employees is essential. Organizational commitment refers the bond between correctional staff and their institution. A strong bond is essential for the safety and security of both employees and inmates, as well as ensuring that the institution runs effectively. This review explores past research on three different types of organizational commitment (affective, moral, and continuance), in order to summarize past results and to reveal areas remaining unexplored. This paper examines both the antecedents and outcomes of organizational commitment. Through a systematic review of past studies, we have identified both positive and negative workplace factors that influence organizational commitment. In addition, we report how organizational commitment affects various outcomes, such as burnout and turnover intent. Understanding how to increase staff commitment can provide a blueprint for administrators to enhance correctional operations and employee satisfaction.","PeriodicalId":45877,"journal":{"name":"CRIMINAL JUSTICE STUDIES","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2020-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/1478601X.2020.1762082","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48144177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-05-25DOI: 10.1080/1478601X.2020.1763985
P. Bleakley
ABSTRACT The specialist squad is a common aspect of modern intelligence-led policing. Officers seconded to such units learn from the institutional knowledge and experience in a certain area of enforcement, allowing them to develop an expertise that enables proactive policing. While the utility of specialist squads is clear, the vulnerability of officers attached to them to become involved in corruption is also high. Corruption research argues that officers in squads are at risk of engaging in misconduct for a variety of reasons, such as the low visibility of their work and the necessity of building relationships with criminal actors. The history of police corruption in Australia supports this theory, with a range of examples of corruption in specialist squads to be found across the country. From an historical criminology perspective, this article explores the corruption in Australia’s specialist squads to discuss why risk factors were not addressed despite being consistently identified in the past. It also looks at attempts by police administrators and governments to deal with corruption in specialist squads, evaluating the efficiency of these strategies with a view to informing future anticorruption measures.
{"title":"The trouble with squads: accounting for corruption in Australia’s specialist policing units","authors":"P. Bleakley","doi":"10.1080/1478601X.2020.1763985","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1478601X.2020.1763985","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The specialist squad is a common aspect of modern intelligence-led policing. Officers seconded to such units learn from the institutional knowledge and experience in a certain area of enforcement, allowing them to develop an expertise that enables proactive policing. While the utility of specialist squads is clear, the vulnerability of officers attached to them to become involved in corruption is also high. Corruption research argues that officers in squads are at risk of engaging in misconduct for a variety of reasons, such as the low visibility of their work and the necessity of building relationships with criminal actors. The history of police corruption in Australia supports this theory, with a range of examples of corruption in specialist squads to be found across the country. From an historical criminology perspective, this article explores the corruption in Australia’s specialist squads to discuss why risk factors were not addressed despite being consistently identified in the past. It also looks at attempts by police administrators and governments to deal with corruption in specialist squads, evaluating the efficiency of these strategies with a view to informing future anticorruption measures.","PeriodicalId":45877,"journal":{"name":"CRIMINAL JUSTICE STUDIES","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2020-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/1478601X.2020.1763985","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48860322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-04-20DOI: 10.1080/1478601X.2020.1753042
Gregory C. Rocheleau, Christopher R. Dennison, Jessica G. Finkeldey, Mackenzie F. Reiber
ABSTRACT Previous studies have suggested that problem gambling is associated with various deviant outcomes. Little research, however, has considered the extent to which such relationships vary by subgroups of the population. Using data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (N = 9,644), this study examines the relationship between problem gambling in young adulthood and a range of deviant behaviors (i.e. binge drinking, marijuana use, instrumental crime, violent crime) and whether these relationships vary by family social class background. Results from logistic regressions reveal that problem gamblers have increased odds of engaging in weekly binge drinking, weekly marijuana use, and any instrumental crime. Furthermore, findings show that the relationship between problem gambling and weekly binge drinking is stronger for those from higher family social class backgrounds, but that the relationship between problem gambling and instrumental crime is stronger for those from lower family social class backgrounds. Implications of these findings are discussed.
{"title":"Social class differences in the relationships between problem gambling and deviant behavior","authors":"Gregory C. Rocheleau, Christopher R. Dennison, Jessica G. Finkeldey, Mackenzie F. Reiber","doi":"10.1080/1478601X.2020.1753042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1478601X.2020.1753042","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Previous studies have suggested that problem gambling is associated with various deviant outcomes. Little research, however, has considered the extent to which such relationships vary by subgroups of the population. Using data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (N = 9,644), this study examines the relationship between problem gambling in young adulthood and a range of deviant behaviors (i.e. binge drinking, marijuana use, instrumental crime, violent crime) and whether these relationships vary by family social class background. Results from logistic regressions reveal that problem gamblers have increased odds of engaging in weekly binge drinking, weekly marijuana use, and any instrumental crime. Furthermore, findings show that the relationship between problem gambling and weekly binge drinking is stronger for those from higher family social class backgrounds, but that the relationship between problem gambling and instrumental crime is stronger for those from lower family social class backgrounds. Implications of these findings are discussed.","PeriodicalId":45877,"journal":{"name":"CRIMINAL JUSTICE STUDIES","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2020-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/1478601X.2020.1753042","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47918541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-04-02DOI: 10.1080/1478601X.2019.1674485
Mathilda Spencer
ABSTRACT Intimate partner violence differs considerably from other forms of violence, given the relationship between the offender and the victim. Domestic violence therefore presents several complications for effective probation supervision. Lack of adequate supervision and treatment of Domestic Violence Offenders (DVOs) can result in continued victimization, or worse, a fatality. Moreover, evidence concerning the effectiveness of DVO supervision is of little use without understanding how probation officers supervise offenders and implement strategies. This research explores the extent of probation officers’ (POs) knowledge about the Model for Domestic Violence Intervention and Supervision for Pennsylvania County Adult Probation and Parole Departments, their use of that knowledge, and predictors of effective DVO supervision. Our main findings indicate that (a) although most POs were often unaware of the PCADV Model per se, a considerable number of them used the techniques that are detailed in the Model to supervise DVOs on their caseload; and (b) POs do require specialized skills to effectively work with DVOs. An unexpected finding of this study was the impact of a POs gender on DVO supervision.
{"title":"Supervision of the domestic violence offender: an exploratory study","authors":"Mathilda Spencer","doi":"10.1080/1478601X.2019.1674485","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1478601X.2019.1674485","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Intimate partner violence differs considerably from other forms of violence, given the relationship between the offender and the victim. Domestic violence therefore presents several complications for effective probation supervision. Lack of adequate supervision and treatment of Domestic Violence Offenders (DVOs) can result in continued victimization, or worse, a fatality. Moreover, evidence concerning the effectiveness of DVO supervision is of little use without understanding how probation officers supervise offenders and implement strategies. This research explores the extent of probation officers’ (POs) knowledge about the Model for Domestic Violence Intervention and Supervision for Pennsylvania County Adult Probation and Parole Departments, their use of that knowledge, and predictors of effective DVO supervision. Our main findings indicate that (a) although most POs were often unaware of the PCADV Model per se, a considerable number of them used the techniques that are detailed in the Model to supervise DVOs on their caseload; and (b) POs do require specialized skills to effectively work with DVOs. An unexpected finding of this study was the impact of a POs gender on DVO supervision.","PeriodicalId":45877,"journal":{"name":"CRIMINAL JUSTICE STUDIES","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2020-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/1478601X.2019.1674485","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46889488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-04-02DOI: 10.1080/1478601X.2019.1699557
Scott W. Phillips
ABSTRACT There is an assumption that the police work environment, which now includes cell phone videos, social media posts, and heightened media attention, is causing police officers to avoid activity that risks exposing them to negative publicity. Commonly referred to as ‘de-policing’ or ‘the Ferguson effect,” officers are assumed to be retreating from proactive law enforcement tactics. In order to uncover the views of law enforcement, police personnel from New York and Texas responded to an online survey that included a vignette. The scenario described several conditions that might impact an officer’s decision-making, and a final decision by the officer in the vignette. The findings suggest two somewhat contradictory views of law enforcement personnel with respect to de-policing. First, respondents clearly disagree with an officer’s decision to simply avoid a suspicious incident. Second, police officers may also be framing their decisions based on a potential threat to their career. Implications for law enforcement leaders are also discussed.
{"title":"Exploring law enforcement’s views of de-policing: a vignette research design","authors":"Scott W. Phillips","doi":"10.1080/1478601X.2019.1699557","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1478601X.2019.1699557","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT There is an assumption that the police work environment, which now includes cell phone videos, social media posts, and heightened media attention, is causing police officers to avoid activity that risks exposing them to negative publicity. Commonly referred to as ‘de-policing’ or ‘the Ferguson effect,” officers are assumed to be retreating from proactive law enforcement tactics. In order to uncover the views of law enforcement, police personnel from New York and Texas responded to an online survey that included a vignette. The scenario described several conditions that might impact an officer’s decision-making, and a final decision by the officer in the vignette. The findings suggest two somewhat contradictory views of law enforcement personnel with respect to de-policing. First, respondents clearly disagree with an officer’s decision to simply avoid a suspicious incident. Second, police officers may also be framing their decisions based on a potential threat to their career. Implications for law enforcement leaders are also discussed.","PeriodicalId":45877,"journal":{"name":"CRIMINAL JUSTICE STUDIES","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2020-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/1478601X.2019.1699557","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46223901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-04-02DOI: 10.1080/1478601X.2019.1684275
Jennifer L. Lanterman
ABSTRACT The use of day reporting centers (DRCs) to provide additional supervision and collocated services for criminal justice populations has expanded considerably since they first appeared in the United States 30 years ago. However, little is known about models of practice. This study uses a multi-state sample and two-step cluster analysis to identify six distinct DRC models. A number of trends related to evidence-based practice are also identified. The paper concludes with recommendations for community corrections administrators.
{"title":"A multi-state survey of day reporting center models","authors":"Jennifer L. Lanterman","doi":"10.1080/1478601X.2019.1684275","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1478601X.2019.1684275","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The use of day reporting centers (DRCs) to provide additional supervision and collocated services for criminal justice populations has expanded considerably since they first appeared in the United States 30 years ago. However, little is known about models of practice. This study uses a multi-state sample and two-step cluster analysis to identify six distinct DRC models. A number of trends related to evidence-based practice are also identified. The paper concludes with recommendations for community corrections administrators.","PeriodicalId":45877,"journal":{"name":"CRIMINAL JUSTICE STUDIES","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2020-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/1478601X.2019.1684275","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44004092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-04-02DOI: 10.1080/1478601X.2019.1692009
A. Cihan, T. Reidy, Jon R. Sorensen, Kimberly A. Chism
ABSTRACT Using a sample of 1,502 male inmates incarcerated in a correctional facility in a Northwestern state between March 2010 and June 2017 for a minimum of 3 years, the current study examines: 1) The heterogeneous nature of visitation experiences and prison misconduct over time; 2) The long-term effects of distinct visitation patterns on prison misconduct; and 3) The predictive utility of identified visitation patterns along with certain inmate characteristics in predicting distinct prison misconduct patterns. Results from trajectory and multivariate analyses identified five visitation and four misconduct groups. The findings suggest that high and early levels of visitation groups yielded a lower likelihood of persistent disciplinary offending. Additionally, age, criminal history, gang affiliation, mental health, and custody status were related to persistent misconduct. Visitation is an important determinant of inmate misconduct, which emphasizes the need for social support as early as possible during an inmate’s prison term. Additional implications are discussed.
{"title":"Assessing the developmental patterns of visitation on prison misconduct: do visitation patterns matter?","authors":"A. Cihan, T. Reidy, Jon R. Sorensen, Kimberly A. Chism","doi":"10.1080/1478601X.2019.1692009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1478601X.2019.1692009","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Using a sample of 1,502 male inmates incarcerated in a correctional facility in a Northwestern state between March 2010 and June 2017 for a minimum of 3 years, the current study examines: 1) The heterogeneous nature of visitation experiences and prison misconduct over time; 2) The long-term effects of distinct visitation patterns on prison misconduct; and 3) The predictive utility of identified visitation patterns along with certain inmate characteristics in predicting distinct prison misconduct patterns. Results from trajectory and multivariate analyses identified five visitation and four misconduct groups. The findings suggest that high and early levels of visitation groups yielded a lower likelihood of persistent disciplinary offending. Additionally, age, criminal history, gang affiliation, mental health, and custody status were related to persistent misconduct. Visitation is an important determinant of inmate misconduct, which emphasizes the need for social support as early as possible during an inmate’s prison term. Additional implications are discussed.","PeriodicalId":45877,"journal":{"name":"CRIMINAL JUSTICE STUDIES","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2020-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/1478601X.2019.1692009","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41524107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-04-02DOI: 10.1080/1478601X.2019.1689358
N. Powell, Mathew D Gayman
ABSTRACT Few studies have investigated factors that contribute to the mental health of probation and parole officers (PPOs). Addressing the needs of supervisees with serious mental illness (SMI) can create unique challenges for PPOs, which in turn may increase job-related stress and impact PPOs’ mental health. Using statewide survey data from 795 PPOs, we examine whether the number of supervisees with SMI on an officer’s caseload is associated with depressive symptoms reported by PPOs and whether this relationship is mediated by work stress. In addition, we examine the mediating effects of role conflict and overload in the relationship between the number of persons with SMI on an officer’s caseload and work stress. Findings reveal that PPOs supervising more people with SMI report significantly higher levels of depressive symptoms and this relationship is mediated by work stress. Additionally, the association between the number of supervisees with SMI on an officer’s caseload and work stress is completely explained away by role conflict and role overload. These findings highlight the mental health significance for parole and probation practitioners working with persons with SMI.
{"title":"The mental health of community correctional officers: supervising persons with serious mental illness","authors":"N. Powell, Mathew D Gayman","doi":"10.1080/1478601X.2019.1689358","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1478601X.2019.1689358","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Few studies have investigated factors that contribute to the mental health of probation and parole officers (PPOs). Addressing the needs of supervisees with serious mental illness (SMI) can create unique challenges for PPOs, which in turn may increase job-related stress and impact PPOs’ mental health. Using statewide survey data from 795 PPOs, we examine whether the number of supervisees with SMI on an officer’s caseload is associated with depressive symptoms reported by PPOs and whether this relationship is mediated by work stress. In addition, we examine the mediating effects of role conflict and overload in the relationship between the number of persons with SMI on an officer’s caseload and work stress. Findings reveal that PPOs supervising more people with SMI report significantly higher levels of depressive symptoms and this relationship is mediated by work stress. Additionally, the association between the number of supervisees with SMI on an officer’s caseload and work stress is completely explained away by role conflict and role overload. These findings highlight the mental health significance for parole and probation practitioners working with persons with SMI.","PeriodicalId":45877,"journal":{"name":"CRIMINAL JUSTICE STUDIES","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2020-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/1478601X.2019.1689358","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41562928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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