Background: The prevalence of stunting in Indonesia has decreased gradually. The strategy to reduce stunting is currently prioritized on improving socio-economic levels, fulfilling food intake, and sanitation conditions. This study aims to analyze the association between sociodemographics, nutrition, and sanitation on stunting in rural West Java Province in Indonesia.
Design and methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in May-August 2022 among 247 mother-children pairs, selected by systematic random sampling from a rural area of West Java Province in Indonesia. The sociodemographic characteristics were measured using a structured questionnaire. The nutritional status of the children under five was assessed by length/height-for-age (HAZ), and was calculated using WHO Anthro software. Sanitation is assessed using observation and interviews with a structured questionnaire.
Results: The prevalence of stunting in children under five was 20.7% (5.3% severely stunted and 15.4% stunted). Binary logistic regression analysis using SPSS version 22.0 show that mother's height as the dominant factor associated with stunting in children under five (AOR = 3.45, 95% CI: 1.12-4.67, p = 0.008). In addition, children's age (AOR = 0.250, 95% CI: 0.104-0.598, p = 0.002); balanced diet practices (AOR = 1.57, 95% CI: 0.965-2.56, p = 0.069), and building materials (AOR = 1.869, 95% CI: 0.87-4.00, p = 0.108 are also related to stunting in children under five.
Conclusions: Efforts to improve maternal nutrition need to be carried out from the period before pregnancy to the first 1000 days of life. Education on healthy home indicators, especially the use of this type of building materials for houses, needs to be done to improve sanitation as an effort to prevent stunting in children under five.
背景:印度尼西亚的发育迟缓患病率逐渐下降。减少发育迟缓战略目前的重点是提高社会经济水平、实现食物摄入和卫生条件。本研究旨在分析印度尼西亚西爪哇省农村地区社会人口统计学、营养和卫生条件与发育迟缓之间的关系。设计与方法:本研究于2022年5月至8月在印度尼西亚西爪哇省农村地区通过系统随机抽样选取247对母子进行横断面研究。社会人口学特征采用结构化问卷进行测量。5岁以下儿童的营养状况通过身高/年龄比(HAZ)进行评估,并使用WHO anthroo软件进行计算。卫生状况通过观察和结构化问卷访谈进行评估。结果:5岁以下儿童发育迟缓患病率为20.7%,其中重度发育迟缓5.3%,发育迟缓15.4%。采用SPSS 22.0版本进行二元logistic回归分析显示,母亲身高是5岁以下儿童发育迟缓的主导因素(AOR = 3.45, 95% CI: 1.12-4.67, p = 0.008)。此外,儿童年龄(AOR = 0.250, 95% CI: 0.104 ~ 0.598, p = 0.002);均衡饮食习惯(AOR = 1.57, 95% CI: 0.965-2.56, p = 0.069)和建筑材料(AOR = 1.869, 95% CI: 0.87-4.00, p = 0.108)也与5岁以下儿童发育迟缓有关。结论:改善孕产妇营养需要从孕前到出生后1000天进行。需要开展关于健康家庭指标的教育,特别是这类房屋建筑材料的使用,以改善环境卫生,作为防止五岁以下儿童发育迟缓的一项努力。
{"title":"The association of sociodemographic, nutrition, and sanitation on stunting in children under five in rural area of West Java Province in Indonesia.","authors":"Tria Astika Endah Permatasari, Yudi Chadirin, Ernirita, Feby Elvira, Bella Arinda Putri","doi":"10.1177/22799036231197169","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/22799036231197169","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The prevalence of stunting in Indonesia has decreased gradually. The strategy to reduce stunting is currently prioritized on improving socio-economic levels, fulfilling food intake, and sanitation conditions. This study aims to analyze the association between sociodemographics, nutrition, and sanitation on stunting in rural West Java Province in Indonesia.</p><p><strong>Design and methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted in May-August 2022 among 247 mother-children pairs, selected by systematic random sampling from a rural area of West Java Province in Indonesia. The sociodemographic characteristics were measured using a structured questionnaire. The nutritional status of the children under five was assessed by length/height-for-age (HAZ), and was calculated using WHO Anthro software. Sanitation is assessed using observation and interviews with a structured questionnaire.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of stunting in children under five was 20.7% (5.3% severely stunted and 15.4% stunted). Binary logistic regression analysis using SPSS version 22.0 show that mother's height as the dominant factor associated with stunting in children under five (AOR = 3.45, 95% CI: 1.12-4.67, <i>p</i> = 0.008). In addition, children's age (AOR = 0.250, 95% CI: 0.104-0.598, p = 0.002); balanced diet practices (AOR = 1.57, 95% CI: 0.965-2.56, <i>p</i> = 0.069), and building materials (AOR = 1.869, 95% CI: 0.87-4.00, <i>p</i> = 0.108 are also related to stunting in children under five.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Efforts to improve maternal nutrition need to be carried out from the period before pregnancy to the first 1000 days of life. Education on healthy home indicators, especially the use of this type of building materials for houses, needs to be done to improve sanitation as an effort to prevent stunting in children under five.</p>","PeriodicalId":45958,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Health Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/5f/8e/10.1177_22799036231197169.PMC10469257.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10153214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.1177/22799036231197185
Nida Zahid, Syed Ather Enam, Faiza Urooj, Russell Seth Martins, Thomas Mårtensson, Andreas Mårtensson, Naureen Mushtaq, Faiza Kausar, Mariya Moochhala, Muhammad Nouman Mughal, Sadaf Altaf, Salman Kirmani, Nick Brown
Background: Brain tumors are a common cause of morbidity, disability, cognitive deterioration and mortality in children, even after treatment. Little is know about the specific causes. The study aimed to assess potential socio-demographic and antenatal factors in primary brain tumor (PBTs) in children and young people (CYP) in Karachi, Pakistan.
Designs and methods: A single center hospital based matched case control study in Karachi, Pakistan. Cases were defined as CYP aged between 5 and 21 years with any histological type and grade of primary brain tumor of any histology, stage or grade. Data were collected from parents of 244 patients at the selected center between 2017 and 2021 via telephonic interview. Controls were 5-21 years old CYP admitted with non-oncological diagnoses matched on age and sex. Matched Odds Ratios for predictors of brain tumor in children were derived. Those of statistical significance were included in a multivariable logistic regression model.
Results: In the adjusted model, lower paternal education (matched adjusted odds ratio (maOR) 2.46; 95% CI 1.09-5.55), higher household monthly income (maOR 3.4; 95% CI 1.1-10.2), antenatal paternal use of addictive substances (maOR 19.5; 95% CI 2.1-179.8), and antenatal maternal use of analgesics during pregnancy (maOR 3.0; 95% CI 1.2-7.9) were all independently predictive of brain tumors.
Conclusion: This matched case-control study found novel associations between maternal use of analgesics, paternal use of addictive substances, higher household income, and lower paternal education and Primary Brain Tumors in Children and Young People. Longitudinal multicenter studies will be required to test these associations prospectively.
背景:脑肿瘤是儿童发病、残疾、认知能力下降和死亡的常见原因,即使在治疗后也是如此。人们对具体原因知之甚少。该研究旨在评估巴基斯坦卡拉奇儿童和年轻人(CYP)原发性脑瘤(pbt)的潜在社会人口统计学和产前因素。设计和方法:在巴基斯坦卡拉奇的一项基于单中心医院的匹配病例对照研究。病例定义为年龄在5至21岁之间,任何组织学类型和级别的原发性脑肿瘤,任何组织学,分期或级别。在2017年至2021年期间,通过电话访谈从选定中心的244名患者的父母那里收集了数据。对照组为年龄和性别匹配的非肿瘤诊断入院的5-21岁CYP。得出儿童脑肿瘤预测因子的匹配优势比。有统计学意义者纳入多变量logistic回归模型。结果:在调整后的模型中,父亲受教育程度较低(匹配调整优势比(maOR) 2.46;95% CI 1.09-5.55),较高的家庭月收入(maOR 3.4;95% CI 1.1-10.2),产前父亲使用成瘾物质(maOR 19.5;95% CI 2.1-179.8),以及产前产妇在妊娠期间使用镇痛药的情况(maOR 3.0;95% CI 1.2-7.9)均独立预测脑肿瘤。结论:这项配对病例对照研究发现,母亲使用镇痛药、父亲使用成瘾物质、较高的家庭收入和较低的父亲受教育程度与儿童和青少年原发性脑肿瘤之间存在新的关联。需要纵向多中心研究来前瞻性地检验这些关联。
{"title":"Socio-demographic and antenatal risk factors of brain tumor in children and young people: A matched case-control study from Karachi, Pakistan.","authors":"Nida Zahid, Syed Ather Enam, Faiza Urooj, Russell Seth Martins, Thomas Mårtensson, Andreas Mårtensson, Naureen Mushtaq, Faiza Kausar, Mariya Moochhala, Muhammad Nouman Mughal, Sadaf Altaf, Salman Kirmani, Nick Brown","doi":"10.1177/22799036231197185","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/22799036231197185","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Brain tumors are a common cause of morbidity, disability, cognitive deterioration and mortality in children, even after treatment. Little is know about the specific causes. The study aimed to assess potential socio-demographic and antenatal factors in primary brain tumor (PBTs) in children and young people (CYP) in Karachi, Pakistan.</p><p><strong>Designs and methods: </strong>A single center hospital based matched case control study in Karachi, Pakistan. Cases were defined as CYP aged between 5 and 21 years with any histological type and grade of primary brain tumor of any histology, stage or grade. Data were collected from parents of 244 patients at the selected center between 2017 and 2021 via telephonic interview. Controls were 5-21 years old CYP admitted with non-oncological diagnoses matched on age and sex. Matched Odds Ratios for predictors of brain tumor in children were derived. Those of statistical significance were included in a multivariable logistic regression model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the adjusted model, lower paternal education (matched adjusted odds ratio (maOR) 2.46; 95% CI 1.09-5.55), higher household monthly income (maOR 3.4; 95% CI 1.1-10.2), antenatal paternal use of addictive substances (maOR 19.5; 95% CI 2.1-179.8), and antenatal maternal use of analgesics during pregnancy (maOR 3.0; 95% CI 1.2-7.9) were all independently predictive of brain tumors.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This matched case-control study found novel associations between maternal use of analgesics, paternal use of addictive substances, higher household income, and lower paternal education and Primary Brain Tumors in Children and Young People. Longitudinal multicenter studies will be required to test these associations prospectively.</p>","PeriodicalId":45958,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Health Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/47/f3/10.1177_22799036231197185.PMC10493064.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10284657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.1177/22799036231197189
Yan Wisnu Prajoko, Tommy Supit
Background: Several changes in hospital policies took place to mitigate the spread of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, the patient's perception to these abrupt changes in medical services is not known. This study analyzed the quality of radiotherapy service during the COVID-19 pandemic and the patient's perception of them.
Methods: This descriptive study will qualitatively assess cancer patient perception of the quality of radiotherapy service during COVID-19 pandemic. Willing participants were given a questionnaire that explore two major aspects: the patient's general knowledge of COVID-19 and their perception of radiotherapy service during the pandemic.
Results: The 145 participants of this study were generally well-informed about the significance of COVID-19 pandemic. Most respondents claimed to adequately practice preventive measures and put high regards in personal protective equipment (PPE) worn by them and healthcare workers for their safety. Their level of trust to all healthcare workers remained high and identified hospital announcements (television, brochures) educated them the most in regards to the relationship of COVID-19 and cancer.
Conclusion: The changes in hospital policies and radiation oncology service in our institution were well-received by the study population. Despite the majority of respondents were afraid and anxious of being infected of COVID-19 while undergoing treatment, only a minority of them contemplated to delay or completely stop going for treatment. By adhering to major guidelines and adjustments of local resources, the delivery of radiotherapy service can remain consistent during the pandemic.
{"title":"Radiotherapy service amidst COVID-19: Experience from Tertiary Referral Hospital in Semarang, Indonesia.","authors":"Yan Wisnu Prajoko, Tommy Supit","doi":"10.1177/22799036231197189","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/22799036231197189","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Several changes in hospital policies took place to mitigate the spread of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, the patient's perception to these abrupt changes in medical services is not known. This study analyzed the quality of radiotherapy service during the COVID-19 pandemic and the patient's perception of them.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This descriptive study will qualitatively assess cancer patient perception of the quality of radiotherapy service during COVID-19 pandemic. Willing participants were given a questionnaire that explore two major aspects: the patient's general knowledge of COVID-19 and their perception of radiotherapy service during the pandemic.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The 145 participants of this study were generally well-informed about the significance of COVID-19 pandemic. Most respondents claimed to adequately practice preventive measures and put high regards in personal protective equipment (PPE) worn by them and healthcare workers for their safety. Their level of trust to all healthcare workers remained high and identified hospital announcements (television, brochures) educated them the most in regards to the relationship of COVID-19 and cancer.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The changes in hospital policies and radiation oncology service in our institution were well-received by the study population. Despite the majority of respondents were afraid and anxious of being infected of COVID-19 while undergoing treatment, only a minority of them contemplated to delay or completely stop going for treatment. By adhering to major guidelines and adjustments of local resources, the delivery of radiotherapy service can remain consistent during the pandemic.</p>","PeriodicalId":45958,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Health Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/51/47/10.1177_22799036231197189.PMC10498704.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10321405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.1177/22799036231197180
Deborah Tolulope Esan, Adewale Allen Sokan-Adeaga, Cecilia Bukola Bello, Oluwaseyi Isaiah Olabisi, Blessing Odugbume, Paul Oladapo Ajayi
Background: Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs) during gravidity are among the most preponderant contagion globally and can culminate in fetal and maternal mortality. Lack of awareness and poor preventive practices can exacerbate this outcome. This study assessed the knowledge and preventive practices of antenatal mothers' towards UTIs in pregnancy.
Design: This was a cross-sectional descriptive survey involving antenatal mothers in selected health care facilities in Ekiti State.
Methods: A pre-tested adapted questionnaire was used for data collection. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics and Chi-square at p < 0.05.
Results: The mean respondents' age was 24.6 ± 2.1 years and barely less than half (43.8%) were multigravida. The findings of the study revealed that 64.0% of the respondents had good knowledge of UTIs. Overall, majority (78.9%) of the respondents exhibit good preventive practices toward UTIs in pregnancy, although the prevalence of UTIs among the studied subjects was found to be high (54.1%), with nearly half (48.7%) of the respondents reported been tested once for UTIs in the current pregnancy. Furthermore, there was a statistically significant relationship between educational level and respondents' knowledge on the prevention of UTIs in pregnancy (p = 0.00; p < 0.05).
Conclusions: Respondents had good knowledge and good preventive practices toward UTIs. However, the high prevalence of UTIs reported among respondents justifies the need for implementation of knowledge enhancement program, routine testing and prompt treatment of UTIs among antenatal mothers.
{"title":"Knowledge, attitude and practice of antenatal mothers toward urinary tract infection in selected health facilities in Ekiti state, Nigeria.","authors":"Deborah Tolulope Esan, Adewale Allen Sokan-Adeaga, Cecilia Bukola Bello, Oluwaseyi Isaiah Olabisi, Blessing Odugbume, Paul Oladapo Ajayi","doi":"10.1177/22799036231197180","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/22799036231197180","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs) during gravidity are among the most preponderant contagion globally and can culminate in fetal and maternal mortality. Lack of awareness and poor preventive practices can exacerbate this outcome. This study assessed the knowledge and preventive practices of antenatal mothers' towards UTIs in pregnancy.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>This was a cross-sectional descriptive survey involving antenatal mothers in selected health care facilities in Ekiti State.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A pre-tested adapted questionnaire was used for data collection. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics and Chi-square at <i>p</i> < 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean respondents' age was 24.6 ± 2.1 years and barely less than half (43.8%) were multigravida. The findings of the study revealed that 64.0% of the respondents had good knowledge of UTIs. Overall, majority (78.9%) of the respondents exhibit good preventive practices toward UTIs in pregnancy, although the prevalence of UTIs among the studied subjects was found to be high (54.1%), with nearly half (48.7%) of the respondents reported been tested once for UTIs in the current pregnancy. Furthermore, there was a statistically significant relationship between educational level and respondents' knowledge on the prevention of UTIs in pregnancy (<i>p</i> = 0.00; <i>p</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Respondents had good knowledge and good preventive practices toward UTIs. However, the high prevalence of UTIs reported among respondents justifies the need for implementation of knowledge enhancement program, routine testing and prompt treatment of UTIs among antenatal mothers.</p>","PeriodicalId":45958,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Health Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/11/6d/10.1177_22799036231197180.PMC10498713.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10617488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Studies of ASD children have mainly focused on pragmatics, but research showed they have problems in other language dimensions. The present systematic review aims to analyze the literature related to linguistic and metalinguistic studies to determine linguistic characteristics and their correlation with reading and writing. After reviewing 43 articles founded, the studies were divided into four main categories: descriptive, comparative, linguistic, and finally nonlinguistic interventional studies. 42% of studies are descriptive, 14% were comparative, and 5% were about the effect of linguistic and metalinguistic training on reading and writing. Studies on the effect of other training on linguistic and metalinguistic skills were about 39% of the studies. They have deficiencies in different linguistic and metalinguistic skills, especially grammar. There were no studies investigating the relationship between linguistic and metalinguistic abilities. The relationship between language and reading skills has been neglected and only one study has examined the correlation between phonological awareness and reading skills. Thus, there is a serious gap in metalinguistic studies. However, it is necessary to study these relationships due to the change in the reading education system from a phonological to a lexical path in schools. The effect of nonlinguistic interventions has been studied more than linguistic ones.
{"title":"Linguistic and metalinguistic characteristics of Persian-speaking children with autistic spectrum disorders: A systematic review.","authors":"Hourieh Ahadi, Helia Abbasi, Fatemeh Fekar Gharamaleki","doi":"10.1177/22799036231189068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/22799036231189068","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Studies of ASD children have mainly focused on pragmatics, but research showed they have problems in other language dimensions. The present systematic review aims to analyze the literature related to linguistic and metalinguistic studies to determine linguistic characteristics and their correlation with reading and writing. After reviewing 43 articles founded, the studies were divided into four main categories: descriptive, comparative, linguistic, and finally nonlinguistic interventional studies. 42% of studies are descriptive, 14% were comparative, and 5% were about the effect of linguistic and metalinguistic training on reading and writing. Studies on the effect of other training on linguistic and metalinguistic skills were about 39% of the studies. They have deficiencies in different linguistic and metalinguistic skills, especially grammar. There were no studies investigating the relationship between linguistic and metalinguistic abilities. The relationship between language and reading skills has been neglected and only one study has examined the correlation between phonological awareness and reading skills. Thus, there is a serious gap in metalinguistic studies. However, it is necessary to study these relationships due to the change in the reading education system from a phonological to a lexical path in schools. The effect of nonlinguistic interventions has been studied more than linguistic ones.</p>","PeriodicalId":45958,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Health Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/b1/57/10.1177_22799036231189068.PMC10392590.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9930348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.1177/22799036231191035
Sylvester Kyei-Gyamfi
Background: Although it is well known that low condom usage among fishers contributes to high HIV prevalence in fishing communities, little is known about the attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors of fishers when it comes to the use of condoms.
Design and methods: This article is a follow-up to a cross-sectional study that used a mix-method design for data collection and analysis to examine the connection between mobility and the risk of contracting HIV among 385 fishers in the Elmina fishing community of Ghana. The Health Belief Model is utilized in the discussions to analyze attitudes and actions toward condom use among the fishers in Elmina.
Results: Over 40% of respondents who said they had intercourse in the previous year did not use condoms. The results show that male fishers are more likely than female fishers to use condoms during sexual activity, and younger fishers are more likely to use condoms than older fishers. More condoms were used by educated fishers than by less educated or uneducated fishers. According to the study, female fishers use less condoms than male fishers since they are unable to convince their partners to use them when they refuse to. Additionally, the findings show that slightly more than one in 10 respondents did not use condoms because they believed their sexual partner to be attractive and unlikely to carry any sexual infection.
Conclusion: There is a general low perception of HIV susceptibility and severity resulting in the low condom usage among the fisherfolks according to the results. The article urges civil society organizations in the study area to investigate ways to incorporate the provision of free condoms to fishers and at the numerous fishing destination sites along the coast of Elmina. The regular use of condoms in Elmina and the nearby fishing areas should also be emphasised through this outreach or mobile HIV service outlets.
{"title":"Factors affecting condom use among fishers in Elmina fishing community in Ghana.","authors":"Sylvester Kyei-Gyamfi","doi":"10.1177/22799036231191035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/22799036231191035","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Although it is well known that low condom usage among fishers contributes to high HIV prevalence in fishing communities, little is known about the attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors of fishers when it comes to the use of condoms.</p><p><strong>Design and methods: </strong>This article is a follow-up to a cross-sectional study that used a mix-method design for data collection and analysis to examine the connection between mobility and the risk of contracting HIV among 385 fishers in the Elmina fishing community of Ghana. The Health Belief Model is utilized in the discussions to analyze attitudes and actions toward condom use among the fishers in Elmina.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Over 40% of respondents who said they had intercourse in the previous year did not use condoms. The results show that male fishers are more likely than female fishers to use condoms during sexual activity, and younger fishers are more likely to use condoms than older fishers. More condoms were used by educated fishers than by less educated or uneducated fishers. According to the study, female fishers use less condoms than male fishers since they are unable to convince their partners to use them when they refuse to. Additionally, the findings show that slightly more than one in 10 respondents did not use condoms because they believed their sexual partner to be attractive and unlikely to carry any sexual infection.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>There is a general low perception of HIV susceptibility and severity resulting in the low condom usage among the fisherfolks according to the results. The article urges civil society organizations in the study area to investigate ways to incorporate the provision of free condoms to fishers and at the numerous fishing destination sites along the coast of Elmina. The regular use of condoms in Elmina and the nearby fishing areas should also be emphasised through this outreach or mobile HIV service outlets.</p>","PeriodicalId":45958,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Health Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/10/7d/10.1177_22799036231191035.PMC10467189.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10137226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Human milk bank is a sustainable source of donor human milk (DHM) which is an acceptable alternative to the mother's milk and it is not routinely available in Nigeria, a multi-ethnically diverse country.The study aimed to assess the willingness to donate or accept human milk among pregnant women and mothers attending the antenatal, immunization, outpatient, under-five, and neonatal follow-up clinics in selected health facilities in Ekiti State, Southwest Nigeria.
Study design and methods: A descriptive cross-sectional, mixed methods study design was used to collect data in selected health facilities in Ekiti State. Questionnaires and focus group discussions were used to collect quantitative and qualitative data respectively while data analysis was done using the IBM® Statistical Package for Social Science SPSS version 26® and thematic analysis respectively.
Results: Of the 798 respondents, 529 (66.3%) and 626 (78.4%) did not know about wet nursing or human milk banking (HMB) respectively and 139 (17.4%) were willing to donate their breastmilk for a stipend. In the focus group discussion, 50% had heard about wet nursing but none heard about HMB. Maternal educational level had a significant impact on their willingness to donate or accept DHM (p < 0.00). Wholesomeness, cultural, and religious biases were major reasons affecting HMB acceptability.
Conclusions: Awareness and perception of HMB are poor. Appropriate information, education, and counselling on HMB are needed to drive the adoption and establishment of HMB in Nigeria.
背景:母乳库是捐赠母乳(DHM)的可持续来源,是母乳的可接受替代品,但在尼日利亚这个多民族多元化的国家,母乳库并不常见。这项研究的目的是评估在尼日利亚西南部埃基蒂州选定的卫生机构进行产前检查、免疫接种、门诊、五岁以下儿童和新生儿随访诊所的孕妇和母亲捐献或接受母乳的意愿。研究设计和方法:采用描述性横断面混合方法研究设计,在埃基蒂州选定的卫生设施中收集数据。采用问卷调查和焦点小组讨论分别收集定量和定性数据,数据分析分别使用IBM®Statistical Package for Social Science SPSS version 26®和专题分析。结果:798名受访者中,529名(66.3%)和626名(78.4%)不了解母乳喂养和母乳银行(HMB), 139名(17.4%)表示愿意捐赠母乳以获得补贴。在焦点小组讨论中,50%的人听说过母乳喂养,但没有人听说过HMB。产妇受教育程度显著影响其捐献或接受DHM的意愿(p)。结论:产妇对HMB的认识和认知较差。需要适当的信息、教育和咨询,以推动HMB在尼日利亚的采用和建立。
{"title":"Human milk banking acceptability among pregnant and nursing mothers in Southwest Nigeria.","authors":"Ezra Olatunde Ogundare, Iyabode Olabisi Florence Dedeke, Adefunke Olarinre Babatola, Adewuyi Temidayo Adeniyi, Adebukola Bidemi Ajite, Olubunmi Adeola Lawal, Adekunle Bamidele Taiwo, Odunayo Adebukola Fatunla, Ayotunde Emmanuel Ajibola, Olufunke Bosede Bolaji, Oladele Simeon Olatunya","doi":"10.1177/22799036231197190","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/22799036231197190","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Human milk bank is a sustainable source of donor human milk (DHM) which is an acceptable alternative to the mother's milk and it is not routinely available in Nigeria, a multi-ethnically diverse country.The study aimed to assess the willingness to donate or accept human milk among pregnant women and mothers attending the antenatal, immunization, outpatient, under-five, and neonatal follow-up clinics in selected health facilities in Ekiti State, Southwest Nigeria.</p><p><strong>Study design and methods: </strong>A descriptive cross-sectional, mixed methods study design was used to collect data in selected health facilities in Ekiti State. Questionnaires and focus group discussions were used to collect quantitative and qualitative data respectively while data analysis was done using the IBM® Statistical Package for Social Science SPSS version 26® and thematic analysis respectively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 798 respondents, 529 (66.3%) and 626 (78.4%) did not know about wet nursing or human milk banking (HMB) respectively and 139 (17.4%) were willing to donate their breastmilk for a stipend. In the focus group discussion, 50% had heard about wet nursing but none heard about HMB. Maternal educational level had a significant impact on their willingness to donate or accept DHM (<i>p</i> < 0.00). Wholesomeness, cultural, and religious biases were major reasons affecting HMB acceptability.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Awareness and perception of HMB are poor. Appropriate information, education, and counselling on HMB are needed to drive the adoption and establishment of HMB in Nigeria.</p>","PeriodicalId":45958,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Health Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/b2/4a/10.1177_22799036231197190.PMC10475256.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10297395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: The main way of financing healthcare in low-income countries continues to be out-of-pocket payments. Despite the efforts of national authorities and international partners to protect households from impoverishment arising from seeking healthcare, the risk of incurring catastrophic healthcare expenses remains very high for households in developing countries. This study aims to analyse catastrophic health expenditures and their effects on household impoverishment in Togo.
Design and methods: Data were obtained from the CWIQ survey, a nationally representative survey conducted in 2015 among 2400 households.We calculated the incidence and the intensity of catastrophic health expenditures in Togo through various thresholds and then estimated the effects of these expenditures on the level of households' impoverishment by determining poverty levels using consumption expenditure before and after making payments for healthcare.
Results: The results indicate that the incidence of catastrophic expenditure varies between 6% and 57% depending on the thresholds used. Households at risk of catastrophic expenditure spend between 19% and 64% of their spending on healthcare. Based on total expenditure and above 20%, the richest households are more prone to catastrophic health expenditures. The findings also show that the incidence of impoverishment caused by health expenditure payments is 8.2% in relative terms and 4.52% in absolute terms. In Togo, 4.52% of households are impoverished by catastrophic health expenditures. This impoverishment effect is greater for male-headed households.
Conclusions: Health system reforms aiming at accessibility to quality care and the development of pre-payment mechanisms will promote the earlier use of healthcare services and thus reduce the higher healthcare costs generated by later attendance at them.
{"title":"Catastrophic health expenditure and household impoverishment in Togo.","authors":"Yacobou Sanoussi, Alexandre Yedjannavo Zounmenou, Muriel Ametoglo","doi":"10.1177/22799036231197196","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/22799036231197196","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The main way of financing healthcare in low-income countries continues to be out-of-pocket payments. Despite the efforts of national authorities and international partners to protect households from impoverishment arising from seeking healthcare, the risk of incurring catastrophic healthcare expenses remains very high for households in developing countries. This study aims to analyse catastrophic health expenditures and their effects on household impoverishment in Togo.</p><p><strong>Design and methods: </strong>Data were obtained from the CWIQ survey, a nationally representative survey conducted in 2015 among 2400 households.We calculated the incidence and the intensity of catastrophic health expenditures in Togo through various thresholds and then estimated the effects of these expenditures on the level of households' impoverishment by determining poverty levels using consumption expenditure before and after making payments for healthcare.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results indicate that the incidence of catastrophic expenditure varies between 6% and 57% depending on the thresholds used. Households at risk of catastrophic expenditure spend between 19% and 64% of their spending on healthcare. Based on total expenditure and above 20%, the richest households are more prone to catastrophic health expenditures. The findings also show that the incidence of impoverishment caused by health expenditure payments is 8.2% in relative terms and 4.52% in absolute terms. In Togo, 4.52% of households are impoverished by catastrophic health expenditures. This impoverishment effect is greater for male-headed households.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Health system reforms aiming at accessibility to quality care and the development of pre-payment mechanisms will promote the earlier use of healthcare services and thus reduce the higher healthcare costs generated by later attendance at them.</p>","PeriodicalId":45958,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Health Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/2d/32/10.1177_22799036231197196.PMC10496480.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10316482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: Virtual diabetes coaching through applications has the potential to improve self-management in people with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. However, applications designed for Asian's diabetic have never been studied. Therefore, our study aimed to identify the effect of Guru Diabetes Apps-Based Health Coaching on the level of glycemic hemoglobin, knowledge, and quality of life in Indonesians, as one of Asian ethnicities.
Materials and methods: This study used an experimental design. Participants with T2DM were recruited from three primary care health centers. The intervention included 3 months of virtual health coaching through the Guru Diabetes application. The daily monitoring of glycemic blood glucose, blood pressure, body weight, nutrition intake, and activity provided were used as baseline to conduct virtual in-person coaching. The glycemic hemoglobin level, knowledge level, and quality of life were assessed at baseline and post-enrollment. A multilevel modeling approach was used for statistical analysis.
Results: A total of 66 respondents were enrolled, and 62 respondents (93.93%) remained in the study at 3 months. After completing the intervention, the HbA1c level decreased in all groups, however it did not differ among the groups. On the other hand, the results indicate significant improvement in the average diabetes self-management knowledge score (pre = 14.97 vs post = 19.07, p < 0.05) and quality of life score (pre = 54.34 vs post = 60.28, p < 0.05), with significant difference among the groups (p < 0.05).
Conclusion: Participants in the Android Application-Based Health Coaching experienced a significant improvement in diabetes self-management knowledge and quality of life scores at 3 months. In conclusion, the Guru Diabetes Apps-Based Health Coaching has the potential to support people with T2DM in performing diabetes self-management at home.
{"title":"Enhancing knowledge of Diabetes self-management and quality of life in people with Diabetes Mellitus by using <i>Guru Diabetes</i> Apps-based health coaching.","authors":"Nuurhidayat Jafar, Emy Huriyati, Haryani, Andina Setyawati","doi":"10.1177/22799036231186338","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/22799036231186338","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Virtual diabetes coaching through applications has the potential to improve self-management in people with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. However, applications designed for Asian's diabetic have never been studied. Therefore, our study aimed to identify the effect of <i>Guru Diabetes</i> Apps-Based Health Coaching on the level of glycemic hemoglobin, knowledge, and quality of life in Indonesians, as one of Asian ethnicities.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This study used an experimental design. Participants with T2DM were recruited from three primary care health centers. The intervention included 3 months of virtual health coaching through the <i>Guru Diabetes</i> application. The daily monitoring of glycemic blood glucose, blood pressure, body weight, nutrition intake, and activity provided were used as baseline to conduct virtual in-person coaching. The glycemic hemoglobin level, knowledge level, and quality of life were assessed at baseline and post-enrollment. A multilevel modeling approach was used for statistical analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 66 respondents were enrolled, and 62 respondents (93.93%) remained in the study at 3 months. After completing the intervention, the HbA1c level decreased in all groups, however it did not differ among the groups. On the other hand, the results indicate significant improvement in the average diabetes self-management knowledge score (pre = 14.97 vs post = 19.07, <i>p</i> < 0.05) and quality of life score (pre = 54.34 vs post = 60.28, <i>p</i> < 0.05), with significant difference among the groups (<i>p</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Participants in the Android Application-Based Health Coaching experienced a significant improvement in diabetes self-management knowledge and quality of life scores at 3 months. In conclusion, the <i>Guru Diabetes</i> Apps-Based Health Coaching has the potential to support people with T2DM in performing diabetes self-management at home.</p>","PeriodicalId":45958,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Health Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/b7/bb/10.1177_22799036231186338.PMC10350768.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10195265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Drugstores are preferred patients' channels of contact when getting minor ailments. Given the hike in both the prevalence and severity of influenza and acute childhood diarrhea, the role, and performances of pharmacy staff should be examined.
Design and methods: A team of pharmacy students was voluntarily recruited and trained to play the role of simulated customer visiting 228 chosen community pharmacies in six districts in Can Tho city. This process is conducted from 2021 to 2022.
Results: The study reveals detailed information about symptoms is the most common inquiry (99.2% in scenario 1). The consulting quality is poor, 85% of instances recorded to have no medical guidelines for influenza circumstances. Meanwhile, nearly four-fifths of pharmacists provide instructions on dosage intake. It is also found that length of services is statistically different between influenza and watery diarrhea (p < 0.05, CI = 95%).
Conclusions: Clinical practices of community pharmacists, overall, are disappointing and far below expectations.
背景:药房是小病患者首选的接触渠道。鉴于流行性感冒和急性儿童腹泻的发病率和严重程度都在上升,应审查药房工作人员的作用和表现。设计与方法:自愿招募并培训一组药学专业学生,让他们在芹苴市六个区选择228家社区药店,扮演模拟顾客的角色。这个过程从2021年到2022年进行。结果:该研究显示,症状的详细信息是最常见的询问(99.2%的场景1)。咨询质量较差,85%的病例记录没有流感情况的医疗指南。同时,近五分之四的药剂师提供剂量摄入说明。流感和水样腹泻的服务时间也有统计学差异(p < 0.05, CI = 95%)。结论:总体而言,社区药师的临床实践令人失望,远低于预期。
{"title":"Evaluation of routine practices of dispensing pattern among community pharmacists in Can Tho city, Vietnam: A cross-sectional simulated patient approach.","authors":"Phuc Hung Nguyen, Phuong Thuy Nguyen, Thi My Huong Vo, Thi Tuyet Minh Nguyen","doi":"10.1177/22799036231196681","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/22799036231196681","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Drugstores are preferred patients' channels of contact when getting minor ailments. Given the hike in both the prevalence and severity of influenza and acute childhood diarrhea, the role, and performances of pharmacy staff should be examined.</p><p><strong>Design and methods: </strong>A team of pharmacy students was voluntarily recruited and trained to play the role of simulated customer visiting 228 chosen community pharmacies in six districts in Can Tho city. This process is conducted from 2021 to 2022.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study reveals detailed information about symptoms is the most common inquiry (99.2% in scenario 1). The consulting quality is poor, 85% of instances recorded to have no medical guidelines for influenza circumstances. Meanwhile, nearly four-fifths of pharmacists provide instructions on dosage intake. It is also found that length of services is statistically different between influenza and watery diarrhea (<i>p</i> < 0.05, CI = 95%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Clinical practices of community pharmacists, overall, are disappointing and far below expectations.</p>","PeriodicalId":45958,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Health Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/ae/89/10.1177_22799036231196681.PMC10492490.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10219653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}