Pub Date : 2021-08-19DOI: 10.1080/23736992.2021.1967158
S. Ödmark
ABSTRACT Comedy can hold political actors accountable, for instance through satire. But what kind of moral negotiation concerns comedians? Utilizing an understanding of accountability as a dynamic of interaction between media actors and the values of their audience, this study explores the concept of comedy accountability, combining qualitative interviews with case study analysis. Five ethical values central to comedy accountability are proposed: truth-telling, freedom of speech, order and cohesion, human dignity and equality, and nonmaleficence. Results show the values to be highly present both in media commentary and in the claims of comedians, with an emphasis on freedom of speech and nonmaleficence for defenders of controversial comedy, and an emphasis on human dignity and equality and nonmaleficence for protesters of controversial comedy. The negotiation of these values happens predominantly within the market frame of accountability, with defenders also using legal-regulatory and professional responsibility arguments while protesters use public responsibility arguments.
{"title":"Moral Transgressors vs. Moral Entrepreneurs: The Curious Case of Comedy Accountability in an Era of Social Platform Dependence","authors":"S. Ödmark","doi":"10.1080/23736992.2021.1967158","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23736992.2021.1967158","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Comedy can hold political actors accountable, for instance through satire. But what kind of moral negotiation concerns comedians? Utilizing an understanding of accountability as a dynamic of interaction between media actors and the values of their audience, this study explores the concept of comedy accountability, combining qualitative interviews with case study analysis. Five ethical values central to comedy accountability are proposed: truth-telling, freedom of speech, order and cohesion, human dignity and equality, and nonmaleficence. Results show the values to be highly present both in media commentary and in the claims of comedians, with an emphasis on freedom of speech and nonmaleficence for defenders of controversial comedy, and an emphasis on human dignity and equality and nonmaleficence for protesters of controversial comedy. The negotiation of these values happens predominantly within the market frame of accountability, with defenders also using legal-regulatory and professional responsibility arguments while protesters use public responsibility arguments.","PeriodicalId":45979,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Media Ethics","volume":"29 1","pages":"220 - 234"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2021-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84311939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-03DOI: 10.1080/23736992.2021.1940772
K. Berg
Over the past year, I rarely worked in my campus office due to mitigation protocols to limit the spread of COVID-19 on our campus. When I returned in late spring, I was delighted to find two new books on media ethics in my pile of mail. Not only do I see both of these books being adopted at both the undergraduate and graduate levels in communication programs; I also see them appealing to journalists, media critics, working professionals. In Entertaining Ethics, Chad Painter and Lee Wilkins, explore how popular culture explains media ethics and the key philosophy to solid ethical thinking. The book focuses on core philosophical concepts of media ethics – truth telling, loyalty, privacy, public service, media economics, social justice, advocacy, and accountability. Painter and Wilkins use the lens of narrative film, television, and music to teach ethical lessons since many of us spend thousands of hours with popular culture. They explain, “Shakespeare and the ancient Greeks knew that if you want to tell a moral lesson and have it remembered, then embed it in a play – one that audiences are fond of seeing” (p. 173). In Ethics and Religion in the Age of Social Media: Digital proverbs for responsible citizens, Kevin Healey and Robert H. Woods, Jr. provide a critical and original take on our digital dilemmas. They explain, “To assist in the prophetic imagination of new alternatives, throughout this book, we pair a clear rejection of Silicon Valley’s catechism with specific practices, policies and products that may steer the ship in a more sustainable direction” (p. 12). Since the authors address the structural and ideological biases of current platform architectures, algorithms, user policies, and advertising models, this book is a must read for communication and media scholars and students. Painter, C. & Wilkins, L. (2021). Entertaining ethics: Lessons in media ethics from popular culture. Rowman & Littlefield. While reading Entertaining Ethics by Chad Painter, assistant professor of communication at the University of Dayton, and Lee Wilkins, professor emerita at Wayne State University in Detroit, and the University of Missouri School of Journalism, I was immediately reminded of my most memorable class as an undergraduate student at Saint Louis University. I saw myself in the classroom sitting in the front row listening to the music Dr. John Pauly was playing for us in that popular culture and communication class. We had the most interesting discussions about the intersection of popular culture (radio, TV, film, and music) and communication. While my class almost 25 years ago was not an ethics class per say, this text would have perfectly complemented our required textbooks because it explains media ethics through popular culture, including the philosophy that is key to solid ethical thinking. Each chapter focuses on a key ethical concept, anchors the discussion of that concept in a contemporary or classic yet accessible film or television show, analy
在过去的一年里，由于限制COVID-19在校园内传播的缓解协议，我很少在校园办公室工作。当我在晚春回来时，我很高兴地在一堆邮件中发现了两本关于媒体伦理的新书。我不仅看到这两本书在本科和研究生的交流课程中都被采用;我也看到它们吸引了记者、媒体评论家和专业人士。在《娱乐伦理》一书中，查德·佩特和李·威尔金斯探讨了大众文化如何解释媒体伦理以及坚实伦理思维的关键哲学。这本书的重点是媒体伦理的核心哲学概念-说实话，忠诚，隐私，公共服务，媒体经济学，社会正义，倡导和问责制。画家和威尔金斯使用叙事电影、电视和音乐的镜头来教授道德课程，因为我们中的许多人花了成千上万的时间与流行文化打交道。他们解释说，“莎士比亚和古希腊人知道，如果你想讲一堂道德课并让人记住，那就把它嵌入到观众喜欢看的戏剧中去”(第173页)。在《社交媒体时代的伦理与宗教:负责任公民的数字箴言》一书中，凯文·希利和小罗伯特·h·伍兹对我们的数字困境提出了批判性和原创的看法。他们解释说:“为了帮助人们对新的替代方案进行预言性的想象，在这本书中，我们将对硅谷教义的明确拒绝与具体的实践、政策和产品相结合，这些实践、政策和产品可能会引导这艘船朝着更可持续的方向发展。”由于作者解决了当前平台架构、算法、用户政策和广告模型的结构和意识形态偏见，本书是通信和媒体学者和学生的必读之作。Painter, C. & Wilkins, L.(2021)。娱乐伦理:大众文化对媒体伦理的启示。罗曼和利特菲尔德。在阅读代顿大学传播学助理教授查德·佩特、底特律韦恩州立大学名誉教授李·威尔金斯和密苏里大学新闻学院合著的《娱乐伦理学》时，我立刻想起了我在圣路易斯大学读本科时最难忘的一节课。我看见自己坐在教室的前排，听着约翰·保利博士在流行文化与交流课上为我们演奏的音乐。我们就流行文化(广播、电视、电影和音乐)与传播的交集进行了非常有趣的讨论。虽然25年前我的课不是伦理课，但这本书可以完美地补充我们所需的教科书，因为它通过流行文化解释了媒体伦理，包括作为扎实伦理思维关键的哲学。每一章都集中在一个关键的伦理概念上，在当代或经典的电影或电视节目中锚定这个概念的讨论，分析在其他流行文化作品中做出的决定，并以适当的哲学思想为基础进行分析。佩因特和威尔金斯以媒体伦理和流行文化的一章作为本书的开头，该章提供了一些核心概念，包括文化和流行文化的定义、流行文化的批评、想象在伦理思考中的作用以及伦理原则的定义。他们立即引起了我的注意，他们承认罗杰斯先生的职业生活的四条规则是他们写这本书的原因，也是他们对待道德的方式:(1)记者是人，不是速记员，不是机器人;(2)必要时指出不公正之处;（3）
{"title":"Lessons in Media Ethics: Popular Culture, Religion and Digital Media","authors":"K. Berg","doi":"10.1080/23736992.2021.1940772","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23736992.2021.1940772","url":null,"abstract":"Over the past year, I rarely worked in my campus office due to mitigation protocols to limit the spread of COVID-19 on our campus. When I returned in late spring, I was delighted to find two new books on media ethics in my pile of mail. Not only do I see both of these books being adopted at both the undergraduate and graduate levels in communication programs; I also see them appealing to journalists, media critics, working professionals. In Entertaining Ethics, Chad Painter and Lee Wilkins, explore how popular culture explains media ethics and the key philosophy to solid ethical thinking. The book focuses on core philosophical concepts of media ethics – truth telling, loyalty, privacy, public service, media economics, social justice, advocacy, and accountability. Painter and Wilkins use the lens of narrative film, television, and music to teach ethical lessons since many of us spend thousands of hours with popular culture. They explain, “Shakespeare and the ancient Greeks knew that if you want to tell a moral lesson and have it remembered, then embed it in a play – one that audiences are fond of seeing” (p. 173). In Ethics and Religion in the Age of Social Media: Digital proverbs for responsible citizens, Kevin Healey and Robert H. Woods, Jr. provide a critical and original take on our digital dilemmas. They explain, “To assist in the prophetic imagination of new alternatives, throughout this book, we pair a clear rejection of Silicon Valley’s catechism with specific practices, policies and products that may steer the ship in a more sustainable direction” (p. 12). Since the authors address the structural and ideological biases of current platform architectures, algorithms, user policies, and advertising models, this book is a must read for communication and media scholars and students. Painter, C. & Wilkins, L. (2021). Entertaining ethics: Lessons in media ethics from popular culture. Rowman & Littlefield. While reading Entertaining Ethics by Chad Painter, assistant professor of communication at the University of Dayton, and Lee Wilkins, professor emerita at Wayne State University in Detroit, and the University of Missouri School of Journalism, I was immediately reminded of my most memorable class as an undergraduate student at Saint Louis University. I saw myself in the classroom sitting in the front row listening to the music Dr. John Pauly was playing for us in that popular culture and communication class. We had the most interesting discussions about the intersection of popular culture (radio, TV, film, and music) and communication. While my class almost 25 years ago was not an ethics class per say, this text would have perfectly complemented our required textbooks because it explains media ethics through popular culture, including the philosophy that is key to solid ethical thinking. Each chapter focuses on a key ethical concept, anchors the discussion of that concept in a contemporary or classic yet accessible film or television show, analy","PeriodicalId":45979,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Media Ethics","volume":"12 1","pages":"180 - 183"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2021-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84093088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-03DOI: 10.1080/23736992.2021.1939030
Karyn S. Campbell, Bryan E. Denham
ABSTRACT In this research, we surveyed 214 college journalists to assess their attitudes toward a series of ethical dilemmas. Significant predictors of a nine-item index included years enrolled in college, completion of an ethics course, ethics training as a part of student media, informal discussions about ethics in student media, number of situations calling for an ethics-related decision, familiarity with the ethics code of the Society of Professional Journalists (SPJ), and use of that code. Of these determinants, familiarity with the SPJ code showed the strongest association with the response measure. Findings suggest that formal instruction of ethics and professional journalistic norms should continue and that students should be encouraged to gain practical experience during their college years. Additionally, data suggest the SPJ code can prove useful as a pedagogical tool and should be incorporated into both classrooms and newsrooms.
{"title":"Determinants of Attitudes toward Ethical Dilemmas in News: A Survey of Student Journalists","authors":"Karyn S. Campbell, Bryan E. Denham","doi":"10.1080/23736992.2021.1939030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23736992.2021.1939030","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In this research, we surveyed 214 college journalists to assess their attitudes toward a series of ethical dilemmas. Significant predictors of a nine-item index included years enrolled in college, completion of an ethics course, ethics training as a part of student media, informal discussions about ethics in student media, number of situations calling for an ethics-related decision, familiarity with the ethics code of the Society of Professional Journalists (SPJ), and use of that code. Of these determinants, familiarity with the SPJ code showed the strongest association with the response measure. Findings suggest that formal instruction of ethics and professional journalistic norms should continue and that students should be encouraged to gain practical experience during their college years. Additionally, data suggest the SPJ code can prove useful as a pedagogical tool and should be incorporated into both classrooms and newsrooms.","PeriodicalId":45979,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Media Ethics","volume":"112 1","pages":"170 - 179"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2021-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87855327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-17DOI: 10.1080/23736992.2021.1935962
Margot J. Van Der Goot, E. V. van Reijmersdal, Sharmaine K.P. Zandbergen
ABSTRACT Many consumers fail to identify online sponsored content as advertising. This is an ethical problem because consumers need to know when they are exposed to advertising so they can raise counterarguments. To enhance transparency, guidelines have been issued that prescribe sponsorship disclosures. However, the actual use of these disclosures is limited and inconsistent. To better understand this ethical practice, the aim of the present qualitative interview study is to provide an overview of practitioners’ considerations to use disclosures (or not) for online sponsored content. We conducted a qualitative interview study, in which we interviewed 18 practitioners representing four stakeholder groups. The study reveals a diverse, complex, and conflicting set of considerations categorized as follows: moral responsibility toward consumers, own business interests, and perceptions regarding disclosure guidelines. We interpret our findings in light of previous studies in which advertising professionals talked about ethics. Implications for research and practice are discussed.
{"title":"Sponsorship Disclosures in Online Sponsored Content: Practitioners’ Considerations","authors":"Margot J. Van Der Goot, E. V. van Reijmersdal, Sharmaine K.P. Zandbergen","doi":"10.1080/23736992.2021.1935962","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23736992.2021.1935962","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Many consumers fail to identify online sponsored content as advertising. This is an ethical problem because consumers need to know when they are exposed to advertising so they can raise counterarguments. To enhance transparency, guidelines have been issued that prescribe sponsorship disclosures. However, the actual use of these disclosures is limited and inconsistent. To better understand this ethical practice, the aim of the present qualitative interview study is to provide an overview of practitioners’ considerations to use disclosures (or not) for online sponsored content. We conducted a qualitative interview study, in which we interviewed 18 practitioners representing four stakeholder groups. The study reveals a diverse, complex, and conflicting set of considerations categorized as follows: moral responsibility toward consumers, own business interests, and perceptions regarding disclosure guidelines. We interpret our findings in light of previous studies in which advertising professionals talked about ethics. Implications for research and practice are discussed.","PeriodicalId":45979,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Media Ethics","volume":"6 1","pages":"154 - 169"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2021-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79006044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-14DOI: 10.1080/23736992.2021.1939031
Mariana Veretilnykova, Leyla Dogruel
ABSTRACT The widespread practices of data collection by third-party actors pose challenges to children’s and adolescents’ privacy when they navigate digital environments. Given that the informed-consent paradigm has largely failed in online contexts, nudging seems to be a promising alternative intervention to make internet users more privacy sensitive. At the same time, nudging faces sharp criticism, suggesting it violates various ethical values. In this paper, we present an ethical evaluation of nudges targeting children’s and adolescents’ information privacy. We identify three core ethical values that nudging potentially violates: personal autonomy, human dignity, and sustainable well-being. Focusing on personal autonomy, we then demonstrate that the autonomy of minors cannot be violated by nudging in the same way as that of adults. As a conclusion, practical implications in designing and implementing privacy nudges targeting minors are suggested.
{"title":"Nudging Children and Adolescents toward Online Privacy: An Ethical Perspective","authors":"Mariana Veretilnykova, Leyla Dogruel","doi":"10.1080/23736992.2021.1939031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23736992.2021.1939031","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The widespread practices of data collection by third-party actors pose challenges to children’s and adolescents’ privacy when they navigate digital environments. Given that the informed-consent paradigm has largely failed in online contexts, nudging seems to be a promising alternative intervention to make internet users more privacy sensitive. At the same time, nudging faces sharp criticism, suggesting it violates various ethical values. In this paper, we present an ethical evaluation of nudges targeting children’s and adolescents’ information privacy. We identify three core ethical values that nudging potentially violates: personal autonomy, human dignity, and sustainable well-being. Focusing on personal autonomy, we then demonstrate that the autonomy of minors cannot be violated by nudging in the same way as that of adults. As a conclusion, practical implications in designing and implementing privacy nudges targeting minors are suggested.","PeriodicalId":45979,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Media Ethics","volume":"6 1","pages":"128 - 140"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2021-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87673482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-14DOI: 10.1080/23736992.2021.1937175
Katie R. Place
ABSTRACT The purpose of this qualitative study is to answer calls to examine social media, ethical engagement, and marginalized publics. Findings suggest that strategic communication and public relations professionals ethically engage marginalized individuals on social media by a) embodying an ethic of care emphasizing compassion and respect, b) listening with sensitivity, c) considering marginalized individuals’ unique privacy and anonymity needs, d) ensuring transparency and accuracy of messaging, and e) forging trusting relationships through an embodiment of authenticity. Ultimately, this study suggests that social media practice must continue to advance care-based ethical social media engagement of marginalized publics in ways that relate to them as unique individuals deserving of compassion and empathy – beyond mere codes of ethics or universal, duty-based philosophies.
{"title":"“People are More than Just a Statistic”: Ethical, Care-based Engagement of Marginalized Publics on Social Media","authors":"Katie R. Place","doi":"10.1080/23736992.2021.1937175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23736992.2021.1937175","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The purpose of this qualitative study is to answer calls to examine social media, ethical engagement, and marginalized publics. Findings suggest that strategic communication and public relations professionals ethically engage marginalized individuals on social media by a) embodying an ethic of care emphasizing compassion and respect, b) listening with sensitivity, c) considering marginalized individuals’ unique privacy and anonymity needs, d) ensuring transparency and accuracy of messaging, and e) forging trusting relationships through an embodiment of authenticity. Ultimately, this study suggests that social media practice must continue to advance care-based ethical social media engagement of marginalized publics in ways that relate to them as unique individuals deserving of compassion and empathy – beyond mere codes of ethics or universal, duty-based philosophies.","PeriodicalId":45979,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Media Ethics","volume":"76 1","pages":"141 - 153"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2021-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91334965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-04DOI: 10.1080/23736992.2021.1926255
Joseph Jones
ABSTRACT This article seeks to “contaminate” an ethics of care with three different but interrelated theoretical interventions: the expansion of the care ethic beyond interpersonal relations, ecofeminism, and feminist political theory. This makes care theoretically resilient: durable enough to have grounded meaning but flexible enough for situational application. This also makes care a primary concept capable of subsuming some aspects of the traditional ethical theories of deontology, consequentialism, and virtue ethics. This holds vast implications for journalists as they seek new ways to delineate and articulate their service to democracy in an ever-changing mediascape. Furthermore, this ethic of care engenders media literacy and enables an active public to critically question media content and influence. This theoretical explication is thus not an abstract exercise but intentionally focused to aid the difficult work of worldmaking.
{"title":"Caring with the Public: An Integration of Feminist Moral, Environmental, and Political Philosophy in Journalism Ethics","authors":"Joseph Jones","doi":"10.1080/23736992.2021.1926255","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23736992.2021.1926255","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This article seeks to “contaminate” an ethics of care with three different but interrelated theoretical interventions: the expansion of the care ethic beyond interpersonal relations, ecofeminism, and feminist political theory. This makes care theoretically resilient: durable enough to have grounded meaning but flexible enough for situational application. This also makes care a primary concept capable of subsuming some aspects of the traditional ethical theories of deontology, consequentialism, and virtue ethics. This holds vast implications for journalists as they seek new ways to delineate and articulate their service to democracy in an ever-changing mediascape. Furthermore, this ethic of care engenders media literacy and enables an active public to critically question media content and influence. This theoretical explication is thus not an abstract exercise but intentionally focused to aid the difficult work of worldmaking.","PeriodicalId":45979,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Media Ethics","volume":"1 1","pages":"74 - 84"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2021-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75682224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-13DOI: 10.1080/23736992.2021.1898963
L. Gies
ABSTRACT “Brave the Shave”, a campaign by the UK charity Macmillan Cancer Support, encourages people to seek sponsorship to shave off all their hair and share the event on social media. Brave the Shave has attracted fierce criticism from a group of breast cancer survivors who have made it clear that they find the campaign deeply offensive and insensitive. Despite the controversy, Macmillan is continuing with this fundraising initiative, arguing that it is financially successful and provides much-need resources for its services. Its line of defense amounts to the argument that the ends justify the means. This apparent refusal to hear and act upon the complaints forms the central focus of this article. Macmillan’s denial sits uneasily with its mission to improve the lives of cancer survivors. The case invites ethical questions around how much voice clients have, the lack of recognition for cancer survivors’ experiences and the general power deficit in the donor-recipient relationship. The article argues that a commitment to a meaningful dialogue and a willingness to be transparent with clients about campaign strategies would be a potentially important step toward avoiding offensive fundraising narratives which deny the suffering of the very people charities aim to assist.
{"title":"Charity Fundraising and the Ethics of Voice: Cancer Survivors’ Perspectives on Macmillan Cancer Support’s “Brave the Shave” Campaign","authors":"L. Gies","doi":"10.1080/23736992.2021.1898963","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23736992.2021.1898963","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT “Brave the Shave”, a campaign by the UK charity Macmillan Cancer Support, encourages people to seek sponsorship to shave off all their hair and share the event on social media. Brave the Shave has attracted fierce criticism from a group of breast cancer survivors who have made it clear that they find the campaign deeply offensive and insensitive. Despite the controversy, Macmillan is continuing with this fundraising initiative, arguing that it is financially successful and provides much-need resources for its services. Its line of defense amounts to the argument that the ends justify the means. This apparent refusal to hear and act upon the complaints forms the central focus of this article. Macmillan’s denial sits uneasily with its mission to improve the lives of cancer survivors. The case invites ethical questions around how much voice clients have, the lack of recognition for cancer survivors’ experiences and the general power deficit in the donor-recipient relationship. The article argues that a commitment to a meaningful dialogue and a willingness to be transparent with clients about campaign strategies would be a potentially important step toward avoiding offensive fundraising narratives which deny the suffering of the very people charities aim to assist.","PeriodicalId":45979,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Media Ethics","volume":"42 1","pages":"85 - 96"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2021-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73379766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-31DOI: 10.1080/23736992.2021.1899826
A. Appelman, K. Hettinga
ABSTRACT Journalistic codes of ethics (N = 88) from 55 countries were analyzed for their discussions of errors and corrections. The sample includes codes from press councils, broadcast media outlets, newspapers, digital media outlets, radio stations and non-governmental organizations (NGOs). Overall, the codes were similar across countries. Most included a discussion of the error-correction process (the “how” of corrections), as well as an explanation of normative values (the “why” of corrections). Details regarding correction placement and speed were particularly common across codes. Results suggest codes that emphasize correcting harmful errors were slightly more common in the codes from countries with greater press freedom, and there was some indication that codes that provide cursory guidelines about corrections and accuracy were more likely to come from countries with less press freedom. Implications for journalists and media organizations are explored.
{"title":"The Ethics of Transparency: A Review of Corrections Language in International Journalistic Codes of Ethics","authors":"A. Appelman, K. Hettinga","doi":"10.1080/23736992.2021.1899826","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23736992.2021.1899826","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Journalistic codes of ethics (N = 88) from 55 countries were analyzed for their discussions of errors and corrections. The sample includes codes from press councils, broadcast media outlets, newspapers, digital media outlets, radio stations and non-governmental organizations (NGOs). Overall, the codes were similar across countries. Most included a discussion of the error-correction process (the “how” of corrections), as well as an explanation of normative values (the “why” of corrections). Details regarding correction placement and speed were particularly common across codes. Results suggest codes that emphasize correcting harmful errors were slightly more common in the codes from countries with greater press freedom, and there was some indication that codes that provide cursory guidelines about corrections and accuracy were more likely to come from countries with less press freedom. Implications for journalists and media organizations are explored.","PeriodicalId":45979,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Media Ethics","volume":"16 1","pages":"97 - 110"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2021-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79738436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-24DOI: 10.1080/23736992.2021.1899825
D. Hunt, Gerard Jalette
ABSTRACT On April 15, 2013, two bombs were ignited near the finish line of the Boston Marathon, killing three people and injuring hundreds. The news “frames” used to depict the Boston Marathon bombings have contributed to our collective interpretation of this event. This study adopts a mixed-method approach to understand the ethical nature of the news frames used to represent the bombings. First, content analytic methods were used to codify the visual framing devices employed by newspapers during the aftermath of the marathon bombings. Our content analysis indicated the most frequent image framing devices were crowd reactions and suspects, with headlines focused on the cause of the bombings. A qualitative thematic analysis was then conducted based on in-depth interviews with photojournalism experts. Our thematic analysis resulted in three key themes that guide photojournalism when covering tragic events: storytelling importance, editorial decision-making, and professional codes.
{"title":"The Boston Marathon Bombings: A Case Study in Visual Framing Ethics","authors":"D. Hunt, Gerard Jalette","doi":"10.1080/23736992.2021.1899825","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23736992.2021.1899825","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT On April 15, 2013, two bombs were ignited near the finish line of the Boston Marathon, killing three people and injuring hundreds. The news “frames” used to depict the Boston Marathon bombings have contributed to our collective interpretation of this event. This study adopts a mixed-method approach to understand the ethical nature of the news frames used to represent the bombings. First, content analytic methods were used to codify the visual framing devices employed by newspapers during the aftermath of the marathon bombings. Our content analysis indicated the most frequent image framing devices were crowd reactions and suspects, with headlines focused on the cause of the bombings. A qualitative thematic analysis was then conducted based on in-depth interviews with photojournalism experts. Our thematic analysis resulted in three key themes that guide photojournalism when covering tragic events: storytelling importance, editorial decision-making, and professional codes.","PeriodicalId":45979,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Media Ethics","volume":"42 1","pages":"111 - 126"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2021-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77639429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：